Particle image velocimetry: a practical guide ; with 24 tables
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| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Berlin [u.a.]
Springer
1998
|
| Series: | Experimental fluid mechanics
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Item Description: | Literaturverz. S. 231 - 240 |
| Physical Description: | XVI, 253 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 3540636838 |
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MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Particle image velocimetry |b a practical guide ; with 24 tables |c Markus Raffel ; Christian E. Willert ; Jürgen Kompenhans |
| 264 | 1 | |a Berlin [u.a.] |b Springer |c 1998 | |
| 300 | |a XVI, 253 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 0 | |a Experimental fluid mechanics | |
| 500 | |a Literaturverz. S. 231 - 240 | ||
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| 700 | 1 | |a Willert, Christian E. |d 1964- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)118024655 |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kompenhans, Jürgen |d 1946- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)118024671 |4 aut | |
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text |
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PREFACE V
1. INTRODUCTION
1
1.1 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND 1
1.2 PRINCIPLE OF PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY (PIV) 3
1.3 DEVELOPMENT OF PIV DURING THE LAST TWO DECADES 8
1.3.1 PIV IN AERODYNAMICS 9
1.3.2 MAJOR TECHNICAL MILESTONES OF PIV 10
2. PHYSICAL AND TECHNICAL BACKGROUND
13
2.1
TRACER PARTICLES .' 13
2.1.1 FLUID MECHANICAL PROPERTIES 13
2.1.2 LIGHT SCATTERING BEHAVIOR 16
2.1.3 PARTICLE GENERATION AND SUPPLY 19
2.2 LIGHT SOURCES 22
2.2.1 LASERS 22
2.2.2 FEATURES AND COMPONENTS OF ND:YAG LASERS FOR PIV . 29
2.2.3
WHITE LIGHT SOURCES 34
2.3 LIGHT SHEET OPTICS 34
2.4 IMAGING OF SMALL PARTICLES 38
2.4.1 DIFFRACTION LIMITED IMAGING 38
2.4.2 LENS ABERRATIONS 42
2.4.3 PERSPECTIVE PROJECTION 46
2.4.4 DISCUSSION OF THE PERSPECTIVE ERROR 47
2.5 PHOTOGRAPHIC RECORDING 50
2.5.1 SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE CHEMICAL PROCESSES 50
2.5.2
INTRODUCTION TO PERFORMANCE DIAGRAMS 51
2.6 DIGITAL IMAGE RECORDING 54
2.6.1 CHARACTERISTICS OF CCD'S 54
2.6.2 SOURCES OF NOISE 56
2.6.3 SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS 57
2.6.4 LINEARITY AND DYNAMIC RANGE 58
2.7 STANDARD VIDEO AND PIV 58
2.8 THE VIDEO STANDARD 59
XIV TABLE OF CONTENTS
3. MATHEMATICAL BACKGROUND OF STATISTICAL PIV EVALUATION
. 61
3.1
PARTICLE IMAGE LOCATIONS 61
3.2 IMAGE INTENSITY FIELD 62
3.3 MEAN VALUE, AUTO-CORRELATION, AND VARIANCE OF A SINGLE EXPO
SURE
RECORDING 65
3.4 CROSS-CORRELATION OF A PAIR OF TWO SINGLY EXPOSED RECORDINGS . 68
3.5
CORRELATION OF A DOUBLY EXPOSED RECORDING 70
3.6 EXPECTED VALUE OF DISPLACEMENT CORRELATION 73
3.7 OPTIMIZATION OF CORRELATION 74
4. PIV RECORDING TECHNIQUES
79
4.1
PHOTO CAMERAS FOR PIV RECORDING 81
4.2 TYPES OF CCD SENSORS AND THEIR APPLICATION TO PIV 83
4.2.1
FULL-FRAME CCD 83
4.2.2 FRAME TRANSFER CCD 85
4.2.3 INTERLINE TRANSFER CCD 86
4.2.4 FULL-FRAME INTERLINE TRANSFER CCD 88
4.3 SINGLE FRAME/MULTI-EXPOSURE RECORDING 89
4.3.1 GENERAL ASPECTS OF IMAGE SHIFTING 89
4.3.2 OPTIMIZATION OF PIV RECORDING FOR AUTO-CORRELATION
ANALYSIS
BY IMAGE SHIFTING 90
4.3.3 REALIZATIONS OF IMAGE SHIFTING 93
4.3.4 LAYOUT OF A ROTATING MIRROR SYSTEM 94
4.3.5 CALCULATION OF THE MIRROR IMAGE SHIFT 97
4.3.6 EXPERIMENTAL DETERMINATION OF THE MIRROR IMAGE SHIFT . 100
4.4
MULTI-FRAME PIV RECORDING 102
4.4.1 VIDEO-BASED IMPLEMENTATION OF DOUBLE FRAME/SINGLE
EXPOSURE
PIV 102
5. IMAGE EVALUATION METHODS FOR PIV
105
5.1
CORRELATION AND FOURIER TRANSFORM 106
5.1.1 CORRELATION 106
5.1.2 OPTICAL FOURIER TRANSFORM 107
5.1.3 DIGITAL FOURIER TRANSFORM 109
5.2 SUMMARY OF PIV EVALUATION METHODS 109
5.3 OPTICAL PIV EVALUATION 112
5.3.1 YOUNG'S FRINGES METHOD 112
5.3.2 FULLY OPTICAL PIV EVALUATION 113
5.4 DIGITAL PIV EVALUATION 117
5.4.1 DIGITAL SPATIAL CORRELATION IN PIV EVALUATION 117
5.4.2
AUTO-CORRELATION ON DOUBLY EXPOSED PIV IMAGES 125
5.4.3
ADVANCED DIGITAL INTERROGATION TECHNIQUES .,
127
5.4.4
PEAK DETECTION AND DISPLACEMENT ESTIMATION 129
5.5
MEASUREMENT NOISE AND ACCURACY 134
5.5.1 ARTIFICIAL PARTICLE IMAGE GENERATION 135
TABLE OF CONTENTS XV
5.5.2 OPTIMIZATION OF PARTICLE IMAGE DIAMETER 136
5.5.3
OPTIMIZATION OF PARTICLE IMAGE SHIFT 139
5.5.4 EFFECT OF PARTICLE IMAGE DENSITY 140
5.5.5 VARIATION OF IMAGE QUANTIZATION LEVELS 142
5.5.6 EFFECT OF BACKGROUND NOISE 144
5.5.7 EFFECT OF DISPLACEMENT GRADIENTS 145
5.5.8 EFFECT OF OUT-OF-PLANE MOTION 146
6.
POST-PROCESSING
OF
PIV DATA
147
6.1
DATA VALIDATION 148
6.1.1 GLOBAL HISTOGRAM OPERATOR 150
6.1.2 DYNAMIC MEAN VALUE OPERATOR 153
6.1.3 MEDIAN TEST 154
6.1.4 IMPLEMENTATION OF DATA VALIDATION ALGORITHMS 155
6.2
REPLACEMENT SCHEMES 155
6.3 VECTOR FIELD OPERATORS 156
6.4 ESTIMATION OF DIFFERENTIAL QUANTITIES 157
6.4.1 STANDARD DIFFERENTIATION SCHEMES 158
6.4.2 ALTERNATIVE DIFFERENTIATION SCHEMES 160
6.4.3 UNCERTAINTIES AND ERRORS IN DIFFERENTIAL ESTIMATION 165
6.5
ESTIMATION OF INTEGRAL QUANTITIES 167
6.5.1 PATH INTEGRALS - CIRCULATION 167
6.5.2 PATH INTEGRALS - MASS FLOW 168
6.5.3 AREA INTEGRALS 169
6.5.4 PRESSURE FIELD ESTIMATION 170
7. THREE-COMPONENT PIV MEASUREMENTS ON PLANAR DOMAINS
. 173
7.1
STEREO PIV 174
7.1.1 RECONSTRUCTION GEOMETRY 176
7.1.2 IMAGE DEWARPING 177
7.1.3 CALIBRATION PROCEDURE 179
7.1.4 ERROR ESTIMATION 182
7.1.5 CONCLUSION AND OUTLOOK 183
7.2 DUAL-PLANE PIV 184
7.2.1 MODE OF OPERATION 185
7.2.2 CONCLUSIONS 188
8. EXAMPLES OF APPLICATIONS
189
8.1
AERODYNAMICS 189
8.1.1 GRID TURBULENCE 189
8.1.2 BOUNDARY LAYER INSTABILITIES 193
8.1.3 TURBULENT BOUNDARY LAYER 195
8.1.4 VORTEX SHEDDING FROM A CYLINDER 198
8.1.5 TRANSONIC FLOW ABOVE AN AIRFOIL 200
8.1.6 CASCADE BLADE WITH COOLING AIR EJECTION 202
XVI TABLE OF CONTENTS
8.1.7 AIRCRAFT WAKE 204
8.1.8 FLOW FIELD ABOVE A PITCHING AIRFOIL 207
8.1.9 HELICOPTER AERODYNAMICS 208
8.2 LIQUID FLOWS 211
8.2.1 VORTEX-FREE-SURFACE INTERACTION 211
8.2.2 STUDY OF THERMAL CONVECTION AND COUETTE FLOW BETWEEN
TWO
CONCENTRIC SPHERES 213
8.3 STEREO PIV APPLIED TO A VORTEX RING FLOW 217
8.3.1 IMAGING CONFIGURATION AND HARDWARE 217
8.3.2 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS 220
8.4 DUAL-PLANE PIV APPLIED TO A VORTEX RING FLOW 222
8.4.1 IMAGING CONFIGURATION AND HARDWARE 222
8.4.2 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS 224
BIBLIOGRAPHY
231
A. MATRICES FOR PERSPECTIVE PROJECTION
241
B. MATHEMATICAL APPENDIX
243
B.I
CONVOLUTION WITH THE DIRAC DELTA FUNCTION 243
B.2 PARTICLE IMAGES 243
B.3 CONVOLUTION OF GAUSSIAN IMAGE INTENSITY DISTRIBUTIONS 243
B.4
EXPECTED VALUE 244
C. LIST OF SYMBOLS
245
INDEX
251 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Raffel, Markus 1962- Willert, Christian E. 1964- Kompenhans, Jürgen 1946- |
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| discipline | Physik Mess-/Steuerungs-/Regelungs-/Automatisierungstechnik Mess-/Steuerungs-/Regelungs-/Automatisierungstechnik / Mechatronik |
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| id | DE-604.BV011698160 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2025-03-10T15:06:11Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 3540636838 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-007889128 |
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| physical | XVI, 253 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 1998 |
| publishDateSearch | 1998 |
| publishDateSort | 1998 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Experimental fluid mechanics |
| spelling | Raffel, Markus 1962- Verfasser (DE-588)118024620 aut Particle image velocimetry a practical guide ; with 24 tables Markus Raffel ; Christian E. Willert ; Jürgen Kompenhans Berlin [u.a.] Springer 1998 XVI, 253 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Experimental fluid mechanics Literaturverz. S. 231 - 240 Particle-Image-Velocimetry Particle-Image-Velocimetry (DE-588)4333165-8 gnd rswk-swf Particle-Image-Velocimetry (DE-588)4333165-8 s DE-604 Willert, Christian E. 1964- Verfasser (DE-588)118024655 aut Kompenhans, Jürgen 1946- Verfasser (DE-588)118024671 aut DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007889128&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Raffel, Markus 1962- Willert, Christian E. 1964- Kompenhans, Jürgen 1946- Particle image velocimetry a practical guide ; with 24 tables Particle-Image-Velocimetry Particle-Image-Velocimetry (DE-588)4333165-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4333165-8 |
| title | Particle image velocimetry a practical guide ; with 24 tables |
| title_auth | Particle image velocimetry a practical guide ; with 24 tables |
| title_exact_search | Particle image velocimetry a practical guide ; with 24 tables |
| title_full | Particle image velocimetry a practical guide ; with 24 tables Markus Raffel ; Christian E. Willert ; Jürgen Kompenhans |
| title_fullStr | Particle image velocimetry a practical guide ; with 24 tables Markus Raffel ; Christian E. Willert ; Jürgen Kompenhans |
| title_full_unstemmed | Particle image velocimetry a practical guide ; with 24 tables Markus Raffel ; Christian E. Willert ; Jürgen Kompenhans |
| title_short | Particle image velocimetry |
| title_sort | particle image velocimetry a practical guide with 24 tables |
| title_sub | a practical guide ; with 24 tables |
| topic | Particle-Image-Velocimetry Particle-Image-Velocimetry (DE-588)4333165-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Particle-Image-Velocimetry |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007889128&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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