Complete guide to ISO 14000:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey
Prentice Hall
1996
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIX, 316 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0132429756 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Complete guide to ISO 14000 |c Richard B. Clements |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
Preface—xiv
How This Book Can Help You—xv
Introduction—xvi
Chapter 1
A DAY IN THE LIFE OF AN ISO 14000 COMPANY 1
The Growing Interest in Environmental Management Systems—1
Why Your Company Will Probably Have to Conform to ISO 14000—2
How a Company Operates With ISO 14000 As Part of Its Management
Structure—2
The Company 2
Why Environmental Conceits Are Mixed In With Many Normal Daily Operations
Within Any Company V l2
What Was Missing From This Story?—18 ._ ,.
Summary Review of Environmental Concerns—18,
Forces That ^equire Your Company to Develop an Environmental Management
System—^20j
The Need for a Unified System of Management for Environmental Concerns—22
The Library of Regulation—22 .^s.
Ties to Other Forms of Management Systems —23)
Benefits of an Environmental Management System—24
Summary—29
Chapter 2
BIRTH OF AN INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT STANDARD 31
Background—31
International Environmentalism—33
v
vi Contents
International Trade—34
The Combined Effect—35
British Standard 7750—35
Inside BS 7750—37
Implications of BS 7750—37
From BS 7750 to ISO 14000—39)
J ^
The Creation of ISO 14000—Technical Committee 2074 39 )
The Goals of TC 207—42 J
ISO 14000 Gets Placed on a Fast Track—43
The Future of ISO 9000 and Its Impact on ISO 14OOO C44)
Environmental Management Systems Should Be Fully Incorporated Into a
Company s Current Practices—47
Summary—48
Chapter 3
ISO 14004 AND ISO 14001 A CLOSE LOOK AT
THE ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARD 49
How ISO 14004 Sets Down the General Approach to an Environmental
Management System—50
ISO 14004 Suggestions for What to Do During Implementation—51
Implementing an Environmental Management System 52
An Example of Creating an Action Plan—54
How to Implement a Company s Strategic Plan—55
Continuous Improvement of the System—56
Summary of the Formation of an Environmental Policy—56
ISO 14000 and the Small Business—57
Why Being Small Doesn t Mean That a Company Can t Have an
Environmental Management System—57
Implementing an Environmental Management System Within a
Small Business—57
Summary of ISO 14004—58
ISO 14001—Specifications for an Environmental Management System—59 J
Contents vii
The ISO 14001 Standard Examined in Detail—60
A Brief Review of Documentation Requirements for Management Standards—60
Creating the Levels of Documentation Within an Environmental Management
System—61
The Requirements of ISO 14001—62
How to Satisfy Element 4.1—Environmental Policy—62
How to Satisfy Element 4.2—Planning—63
How to Satisfy Element 4.3—Implementation and Operation—67
How to Satisfy Element 4.4—Checking and Corrective Action—70
How to Satisfy Element 4.5—Management Review 72
Conclusions About ISO 14001 ^7?
The Use of First , Second , or Third Party Audits to Demonstrate Conformance—73
How Registration Works—74
The Registration Audit and What to Do—74
A Brief Discussion of How to Implement ISO 14001—75
Two Types of Implementation—76
Summary of the Way to Implement ISO 14000—77
Chapter 4
GUIDELINE STANDARDS FOR A COMPANY S
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 79
The Purpose and Use of Guideline Standards—79
Why the ISO 14050 Glossary of Terms and Definitions Is Critical for
Understanding All Other ISO 14000 Related Standards—81
ISO 14040: General Principles of Life Cycle Assessment—A Critical Concept
Within Any Environmental Management System—82
What Is Life Cycle Assessment?—83
Example of Conducting a Life Cycle Assessment—84
Step 1: Goal definitions and scope—84
Step 2: Life cycle inventory analysis—86
Step 3: Impact assessment—87
Using the Life Cycle Assessment in Management Decision Making—88
viii Contents
Communication of Results to Third Parties—90
Critical Review of the Environmental Life Cycle Assessment—90
Summary of Life Cycle Assessment—91
ISO 14031—An Example of the Possibly Turbulent Future of the ISO 14000
Standards—92
ISO Guide 64—Guide for the Inclusion of Environmental Aspects in Product
Standards—93
Three Steps to Take Under ISO Guide 64—94
An Example of Using ISO Guide 64 With the Design of a Service—95
The Best Ways to Use the Guideline Standards—97
How to Keep Up With Revisions and Releases of Guideline Standards—98
Chapter 5
ECO LABEUNG HOW TO LET THE PUBLIC KNOW ABOUT
YOUR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 101
Background—101
The Current Look of Eco Labels—102
Type I Labels—Third Parties Vouch for Environmental Claims—103
How ISO 14024 Will Work—104
How a Company Would Participate in an Eco Label Program Based on
ISO 14024—108
A Summary of ISO 14024—110
An Example of Eco Labeling Laundry Detergent in the European Union—110
ISO 14021—How a Company Can Self Declare Its Environmental Friendliness
Through an Eco Label—111
An Example of How a Company Can Make an Environmental Claim Using
ISO 14021—113
A Second Example of a Self Declaration: A Service Based Product—115
Conclusions—117
Contents _ ^, ix
Chapter 6 /
HOW TO IMPLEMENT ISO 14000 USING ISO 9000 AS A GUIDE 119
Suggested Steps to Implementation—119
Step 1: Establish a Steering Committee of Managers to Oversee
Implementation—120
Step 2: Self Evaluate the Company—122
Step 3: Write Policies for the Environmental Management System—124
Step 4: Form a Written Action Plan Based on Management Discussions and
the Baseline Audit; Assign Specific Managers Specific Tasks; Form a
Project Management Time Line—126
Step 5: Revise or Create an Environmental Procedures Manual (Level II) to
Reflect the Requirements of ISO 14001—128
Step 6: Select a Registrar If the Company Is Receiving a Third Party Audit;
Second Party Audits Will Be Conducted by the Customers—131
Step 7: Upgrade or Create Written Work Instructions As Needed—133
Step 8: Conduct a System Wide Internal Audit—135
Step 9: Prepare for the Audit by Reviewing All Points of the Environmental
Management System With Management and Workers—136
Step 10: Be Audited and Respond With Corrective Actions If Needed—138
The Critical Need for Top Management Commitment—140
Using Your Action Plan and Organizing People, Materials, and Time—140
Reviewing Local, State, and Federal Regulations—141
How to Sell ISO 14000 to Management—142
A Final Word About Liability—143
~ ^
Chapter 7)
EXAMPLES OF IMPLEMENTING ISO 14000
WITH AND WITHOUT ISO 9000 145
Requirements Shared by ISO 9000 and ISO 14000—145
First Scenario: A Plating Company With ISO 9002 Certification Seeks ISO 14001
Certification—146
x Contents
Step 1: Establish a Steering Committee of Managers to Oversee
Implementation— 148
Step 2: Self Evaluate the Company—149
Step 3: Write Policies for the Environmental Management System—150
Step 4: Form a Written Action Plan Based on Management Discussions and
the Baseline Audit; Assign Specific Managers Specific Tasks; Form
aProject Management Time Line—151
Step 5: Revise or Create an Environmental Procedures Manual (Level II) to
Reflect the Requirements of ISO 14001—152
Step 6: Select a Registrar When Receiving a Third Party Audit; Second Party
Audits Will Be Conducted by the Customers—155
Step 7: Upgrade or Create Written Work Instructions As Needed—156
Step 8: Conduct a System Wide Internal Audit—158
Step 9: Prepare for the Audit by Reviewing All Points of the Environmental
Management System With Management and Workers—159
Step 10: Be Audited and Respond With Corrective Actions If Needed—160
The Benefits of the Approach Used in This Scenario—161
How Different Companies Would Use This Type of Implementation—161
How to Implement ISO 14000 and ISO 9000 Concurrently—162
Step 1: Establish a Steering Committee of Managers to Oversee
Implementation— 163
Step 2: Evaluate the Company s Existing Systems—164
Step 3: Write the Company Wide Environmental Policy and Level I
Documents—165
Step 4: Form a Written Action Plan Based on Management Discussions and
the Baseline Audit; Assign Specific Managers Specific Tasks; Form a
Project Management Time Line—167
Step 5: Revise or Create an Environmental Procedures Manual (Level II) to
Reflect the Requirements of ISO 14001 and ISO 9003; Combine
Procedures and Work Instructions Into a Single Document—167
Step 6: Select a Registrar If a Company Is Receiving a Third Party
Audit;Second Party Audits Will Be Conducted by the Customers—169
Step 7: Conduct a System Wide Internal Audit—169
Step 8: Prepare for the Audit by Reviewing All Points of the Environmental and
Quality Management System With Management and Workers—170
Step 9: Be Audited and Respond With Corrective Actions If Needed—171
The Benefits of the Approach Used in This Scenario—172
Contents xi
How to Implement ISO 14000 by Itself—172
Step 1: Establish a Steering Committee of Managers to Write the Level I
Documents and Oversee Implementation—173
Step 2: Conduct a Baseline Audit of the Existing System to Determine the
Amount of Action Required to Conform to ISO 14001—174
Step 3: Form a Written Action Plan Based on Management Discussions and
the Baseline Audit; Assign Specific Managers Specific Tasks; Form a
Project Management Time Line—175
Step 4: Revise or Create an Environmental Procedures Manual (Level II) to
Reflect the Requirements of ISO 14001—176
Step 5: Upgrade or Create Written Work Instructions As Needed—177
Step 6: Form Systems to Pass Environmental Requirements Onto
Suppliers—178
Step 7: Conduct a System Wide Internal Audit—181
The Benefits of the Approach Used in This Scenario—181
How Different Companies Would Use This Approach—181
Summary—182
Chapter 8
HOW TO AUDIT INTERNALLY FOR ISO 14000 COMPLIANCE 183
The Guide to Auditing Lies in ISO 14010, ISO 14011, and ISO 14012—183
ISO 14010—The General Principles of Environmental Auditing—184
ISO 14011—How to Conduct an Audit of an Environmental Management
System—184
ISO 14012—Who Can Be an Auditor?—185
A Question of Liability—187
The Influence of ISO 10011—187
How to Form, Lead, and Use the Internal Audit Team—188
Begin With a Written Audit Policy—188
Write the Procedures—188
Write the Work Instructions—189
How to Select an Auditor—193
Train the Auditors—195
*** Contents
The Audit Cycle—196
Receipt of a Mandate—196
Preparation—197
Notification/Negotiation— 199
Opening Meeting—199
Collection of Evidence—199
Closing Meeting—200
Written Report—203
Corrective Actions—203
Follow Up Until Closure—204
Summary—204
Chapter 9
HOW TO PREPARE DOCUMENTATION FOR AN ISO 14000 BASED
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 207
The Three Levels of Documentation—207
How to Use Flowcharts to Write Your Documentation—208
An Example of Writing a Procedure: Emergency Response—208
Toward a Better Flowchart—209
The Proper Design and Use of Operating Procedures—211
The Style of Writing Used for Procedures and Work Instructions—215
Writing the Documentation—How to Create a Final Operating Procedure—216
The Proper Design and Use of Work Instructions—217
An Example of Writing a Work Instruction—218
How to Write Procedures, Work Instructions, Job Descriptions, and Training
Materials at the Same Time—224
What Is Job and Task Analysis?—224
How to Perform a Job and Task Analysis—225
How to Gain Knowledge Through Job and Task Analysis—230
How to Write Procedures or Work Instructions Based on the Data From Job
and Task Analysis—235
Contents xiii
How to Create a Job Description, List of Skills, Competency Checks, and
Training Program—240
How to Develop Competency Checklists—243
How Training Materials Can Be Quickly Developed From Job and Task
Analysis Information—244
When to Use a Flowchart With Job and Task Analysis—246
Conclusion and Caution—247
Appendix A: List of Countries and Standards Bodies Participating in ISO 14000—251
Appendix B: List of Proposed Standards in the ISO 14000 Family—267
Appendix C: Sources of Further Information—269
Appendix D: Example of Documentation Used for ISO 14000 Compliance—279
Appendix E: Reprint of an Environmental Audit [The Detroit Free Press)—291
Index—309
|
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| title | Complete guide to ISO 14000 |
| title_auth | Complete guide to ISO 14000 |
| title_exact_search | Complete guide to ISO 14000 |
| title_full | Complete guide to ISO 14000 Richard B. Clements |
| title_fullStr | Complete guide to ISO 14000 Richard B. Clements |
| title_full_unstemmed | Complete guide to ISO 14000 Richard B. Clements |
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| title_sort | complete guide to iso 14000 |
| topic | ISO 14000-14050 (DE-588)4506064-2 gnd ISO-normen gtt Milieubeleid gtt Umweltpolitik ISO 14000 Series Standards |
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