Upper extremity pain dysfunction: somatic and sympathetic disorders
Saved in:
| Format: | Book |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Philadelphia [u.a.]
Saunders
1997
|
| Series: | Hand clinics
13,3 |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XIV S., S. 319 - 530 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Upper extremity pain dysfunction |b somatic and sympathetic disorders |c William P. Cooney ..., guest ed. |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Arm |x Wounds and injuries | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Autonomic Nerve Block | |
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| adam_text | UPPER EXTREMITY PAIN DYSFUNCTION:
SOMATIC AND SYMPATHETIC DISORDERS CONTENTS
Preface xiii
William P. Cooney and Frederic Schuind
Classification of Complex Regional Pain Syndromes: New Concepts 319
Gilbert Y. Wong and Peter R. Wilson
This article summarizes the revised taxonomic system for pain disorders
previously termed reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) and amsalgia. Since
the consensus committee meeting in 1993, the disorders have been
grouped under the umbrella term complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS).
Two types of CRPS have been recognized: type I, corresponding to RSD
and occurring without a discrete nerve lesion; and type II, corresponding
to causalgia and occurring in the presence of a discrete nerve lesion.
Sympathetically maintained pain (SMP) has been evaluated and consid¬
ered to be a variable and independent phenomenon associated with a
variety of disorders, including CRPS types I and II.
Algodystrophy: A Spectrum of Disease, Historical Perspectives,
Criteria of Diagnosis, and Principles of Treatment 327
Paul C. C. Doury
Algodystrophy describes a group of extremely polymorphic pathological
manifestations caused by vasomotor disturbances. Clinical expressions of
algodystrophy are summarized, and principles of treatment are discussed.
Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy of the Upper Extremity:
Clinical Features and Response to Multimodal Management 339
Panayotis N. Soucacos, Leonidas A. Diznitsas, Alexandros E. Beris,
Theodore A. Xenakis, and Konstantine N. Malizos
The weight of available evidence suggests that reflex sympathetic dystro¬
phy (RSD) is a complex clinical entity that (1) occurs predominantly in
young adult women; (2) has five clinical types but presents most fre¬
quently as minor traumatic dystrophy; (3) has primary signs and symp¬
toms (e.g., pain, edema, stiffness, and discoloration) that are expressed
highly in each clinical type, whereas secondary signs and symptoms are
HAND CLINICS
VOLUME 13 • NUMBER 3 • AUGUST 1997 Vli
variable; (4) responds well to treatment, regardless of its clinical type; and
(5) is managed best when treatment is started early. It can be concluded
that RSD is a multifaceted disease that responds well when managed
with a multimodal treatment program aimed at the various interacting
components of the disorder. The recognition and documentation of the
variation of the clinical features of RSD may allow for its earlier diagnosis
and treatment and thus significantly improve the chances for a successful
outcome.
Somatic Versus Sympathetic Mediated Chronic Limb Pain:
Experience and Treatment Options 355
William P. Cooney
Somatic peripheral nerve pain characteristically originates from injury to
one or more peripheral nerves and is limited in distribution to a single
autonomous peripheral nerve zone. Sympathetic nerve pain originates
from the sympathetic nervous system and often is more acutely hypersen¬
sitive than that seen with somatic type peripheral limb pain. Treatment
plans and discussions of surgical intervention are presented for both types
of chronic limb pain.
Psychological Aspects of Algodystrophy 363
Annie Didierjean
It is important to attempt to classify the symptoms of algodystrophy at an
epidemiologic level to assess the effective contribution of the psychological
element. This article discusses a personal approach to dealing with the
psychological aspects of algodystrophy.
Post traumatic Upper Extremity Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy:
Clinical Course, Staging, and Classification of Clinical Forms 367
Peter R. Wilson
This article discusses the etiology and clinical characteristics of reflex
sympathetic dystrophy (RSD). Classification of clinical forms of RSD and
several treatment plans are presented.
Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy: An Exaggerated Regional
Inflammatory Response? 373
Lyckle van der Laan and R. Jan A. Goris
Reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) is a syndrome affecting an extremity
after a minor trauma or operation. Currently, there is no consensus about
the pathogenesis of RSD. The authors performed various clinical and
experimental investigations, including studies of the effects of anti in¬
flammatory treatment, that support the hypothesis that RSD is the result
of an exaggerated inflammatory response to injury or surgery.
Stenosis of the Subclavian Vein: An Unknown Cause of Resistant
Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy 387
Albrecht Wilhelm
Reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) represents a neurovascular pain syn¬
drome involving all tissues of the affected area of an extremity following
trauma, surgical procedures, and local as well as more centrally localized
diseases. The initiating causes, however, result in a dystrophy only if
increased sympathetic activity and a so called individual predisposition
exist. The cause for this up to now unexplored diathesis has been ex¬
plained as an impairment of the venous run off attributable to stenosis of
the subclavian vein, which, with an appropriate increase of the arterial
flow, leads to venous stasis and finally to an acute edema of the hand.
VJJJ CONTENTS
This finding is essential not only for the further explanation of the patho
genesis and prognosis of RSD but also for the possibility of a successful
surgical treatment of resistant dystrophies.
Infrequent Presentations of Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy and
Pseudodystrophy 413
Marc Driessens
Pseudodystrophy is a condition that in the past was regarded incorrectly
as a kind of reflex sympathetic dystrophy. The difference between both
diseases can be ascertained easily by a bone scintigraphy. Other clinical
features of pseudodystrophy are discussed. Infrequent presentations of
reflex sympathetic dystrophy are described: radial, parcellar, and zonal
cases; vertebral localization; and other misleading conditions.
Clinical Value of Dynamic Bone and Vascular Scintigraphy in
Diagnosing Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy of the Upper Extremity 423
Christiaan Schiepers
The role of planar dynamic scintigraphy in the diagnosis and staging of
reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) is presented. Bone and vascular trac¬
ers are used for this purpose. The bone scan assessment corresponded
closely to the clinical diagnosis and appeared excellent to exclude RSD.
Accurate staging is important for therapy decisions. Staging by the early
phases of bone and vascular scans were concordant in about three quarters
of patients, but vascular scintigraphy led to a restaging in the remaining
quarter of patients. Both scintigraphic procedures (bone and vascular) are
indicated in diagnosing and monitoring upper extremity RSD.
Imaging in Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy 431
Serge Sintzoff, Serge Sintzoff, Jr, Bernard Stallenberg, and Colso Mates
The diagnosis of reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) relies on clinical
evaluation, scintigraphy or MR imaging, and routine radiographs. Because
RSD has variable manifestations with a strong psychogenic overlap, it is
desirable to have a noninvasive test to determine the presence of RSD to
allow for appropriate treatment. MR imaging allows a differential diagno¬
sis between RSD and other bone lesions. It proves to be a reliable technique
in showing and characterizing RSD better than radiographic examination
and radionuclide study.
Physical Modalities for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome 443
Keith Bengtson
Hand therapy is the backbone of a treatment program for complex regional
pain syndrome. Various treatment techniques and physical modalities are
described in the framework of a clear set of treatment goals. 1 land therapy
is often the only treatment necessary for simple cases. Adjunct treatments,
such as injections or other pharmacoiogic agents, may be needed when
pain control is problematic.
Can Algodystrophy Be Prevented After Hand Surgery? 455
Frederic Schuind and Franz Burny
Algodystrophy is characterized initially by an increase in arterial flow, an
increase in blood pool, a decrease in microcirculatory velocity, and a
loss of thermoregulatory control. These changes, producing the typical
symptomatology, associated diffuse hand pain, diminished hand function,
edema, and abnormal color and temperature, are believed now to corre¬
spond in most cases to an exaggeration of the normal post traumatic
inflammatory responses and are not the consequence of sympathetic dam
CONTENTS IX
age. Algodystrophy may be prevented in most hand surgery patients by
minimizing the normal postoperative inflammation, by increasing venous
return (especially by avoiding plaster casts and constrictive dressings), by
controlling post traumatic pain, by promoting early active mobilization,
and by reassuring the patient. If there is any sign of algodystrophy,
three phase bone scintigraphy should be obtained and treatment instituted
immediately.
Medical Treatment of Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy 477
Jacques Arlet and Bernard Mazieres
The treatment of reflex sympathetic dystrophy is not delineated clearly,
and there are few controlled studies regarding rehabilitation as medicine.
Analgesics, nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs, and intra articular ste¬
roids are used widely, but especially in Europe, calcitonin is the primary
treatment at early stages of the disease. Local intravenous injections are
used currently in case of failure of the previous treatments. Physical
therapy and rehabilitation are needed also to decrease pain and to im¬
prove stiffness.
Somatic or Sympathetic Block for Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy:
Which Is Indicated? 485
David L. Brown
Patients with reflex sympathetic dystrophy (complex regional pain syn¬
dromes) are often referred to pain medicine physicians for assistance in
providing pain control during rehabilitation of their painful upper extrem¬
ity. When deciding which pain control technique to use in an individual
patient, physicians must consider both somatic and sympathetic blocks.
Each of these nerve blocks has advantages and disadvantages that may be
tailored to an individual patient s pain state and rehabilitation program to
optimize recovery.
Regional Intravenous Sympathetic Nerve Blocks 499
Jean Marie Farcot, Michel Gautherie, and Guy Foucher
The assessment of the possible efficacy of regional intravenous blocks or
sympathetic blocks, in general, raises a number of questions that may be
answered after studying the techniques of regional pharmacologic segmen
tal blocks and their effects on the sympathetic system. The authors present
an original clinical study evaluating the capacity of regional intravenous
guanethidine to induce a sympathetic blockade compared with other tech¬
niques.
Electrical Stimulation and the Treatment of Complex Regional Pain
Syndromes of the Upper Extremity 519
William P. Cooney
Clinical, intractable pain in the upper extremity often results from neu¬
roma, direct injury to a peripheral nerve, or repetitive operative insults to
a peripheral nerve that has compressive neuropathy. Electrical stimulation
applied directly to a single peripheral nerve can provide sufficient relief
of pain, improve patient outlook, improve lasting sleep, release the indi¬
vidual from addictive narcotic pain medication, and restore a psychologi¬
cal sense of well being.
Index 527
Subscription Information Inside back cover
x CONTENTS
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| spelling | Upper extremity pain dysfunction somatic and sympathetic disorders William P. Cooney ..., guest ed. Philadelphia [u.a.] Saunders 1997 XIV S., S. 319 - 530 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Hand clinics 13,3 Armen (ledematen) gtt Bloc sympathique Douleur Pijn gtt Posttraumatische dystrofie gtt Traumatismes du membre supérieur Arm Injuries Arm Wounds and injuries Autonomic Nerve Block Pain Reflex sympathetic dystrophy Sympathische Algodystrophie (DE-588)4474133-9 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Sympathische Algodystrophie (DE-588)4474133-9 s DE-604 Cooney, William P. 1943- Sonstige (DE-588)172034140 oth Hand clinics 13,3 (DE-604)BV000019309 13,3 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007770230&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Upper extremity pain dysfunction somatic and sympathetic disorders Hand clinics Armen (ledematen) gtt Bloc sympathique Douleur Pijn gtt Posttraumatische dystrofie gtt Traumatismes du membre supérieur Arm Injuries Arm Wounds and injuries Autonomic Nerve Block Pain Reflex sympathetic dystrophy Sympathische Algodystrophie (DE-588)4474133-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4474133-9 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Upper extremity pain dysfunction somatic and sympathetic disorders |
| title_auth | Upper extremity pain dysfunction somatic and sympathetic disorders |
| title_exact_search | Upper extremity pain dysfunction somatic and sympathetic disorders |
| title_full | Upper extremity pain dysfunction somatic and sympathetic disorders William P. Cooney ..., guest ed. |
| title_fullStr | Upper extremity pain dysfunction somatic and sympathetic disorders William P. Cooney ..., guest ed. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Upper extremity pain dysfunction somatic and sympathetic disorders William P. Cooney ..., guest ed. |
| title_short | Upper extremity pain dysfunction |
| title_sort | upper extremity pain dysfunction somatic and sympathetic disorders |
| title_sub | somatic and sympathetic disorders |
| topic | Armen (ledematen) gtt Bloc sympathique Douleur Pijn gtt Posttraumatische dystrofie gtt Traumatismes du membre supérieur Arm Injuries Arm Wounds and injuries Autonomic Nerve Block Pain Reflex sympathetic dystrophy Sympathische Algodystrophie (DE-588)4474133-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Armen (ledematen) Bloc sympathique Douleur Pijn Posttraumatische dystrofie Traumatismes du membre supérieur Arm Injuries Arm Wounds and injuries Autonomic Nerve Block Pain Reflex sympathetic dystrophy Sympathische Algodystrophie Aufsatzsammlung |
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