Reinventing Marxism:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Baltimore [u.a.]
Johns Hopkins Univ. Press
1995
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Contributor biographical information Publisher description Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XVIII, 366 S. |
| ISBN: | 0801850762 0801850770 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xvii
Part I. The Political Economy of History i
Chapter i. Why Reinvent Marxism? 3
The Emergence of the New, Critical Marxism 4
Marx and Critical Marxism 5
The Soviet Union and the Old Marxism 5
The Renaissance of Critical Marxism 7
Radical Institutionalism 9
Post Keynesianism 1 o
Radical Economics 11
Marxian Trends in the Social Sciences 11
Why Should Marxism Be Reinvented? 12
Chapter 2. A Critique of Reductionism 13
Psychological Reductionism 13
The Writings of Lewis Eeuer: An Example of Extreme
Psychological Reductionism 13
Psychological Reductionism and Human Nature 14
Orthodox Economics and Psychological Reductionism 16
Economic Reductionism 16
The Economic Reductionism of Marvin Harris 16
Economic Reductionism in Soviet Marxism 17
The Critics of Soviet Marxism 19
vHf Contents
G. A. Cohen s Economic Reductionism 20
Conclusions on Economic Reductionism 22
Conclusions on All Reductionism 22
Appendix
zA. Psychological Reductionism in Orthodox Economics 22
Chapter 3. The Relational Approach 29
Definitions 29
The Framework of Analysis 30
The Economic Process 30
The Social Process 3 3
The Relational Approach: First Approximation 3 5
Specific Interactions 37
Interactions between Ideas, Institutions, Relations,
and Forces 39
The Sociology of Knowledge: The Evolution of Ideas 40
Social and Political Institutions 44
The Relations of Production 47
The Forces of Production 50
The Relational Approach: Second Approximation 51
Conclusions 5 2
Appendixes
3/4. A Formal Model of the Relational Approach:
First Approximation 5 3
3B. Tfce Holistic Approach of Institutionalism 54
Chapter 4. The Historical Approach 56
Contemporary Orthodox Social Science and
Historical Change 57
Soviet Marxism on Historical Change 5 8
Cohen s Economic Reductionist View of
Historical Change 59
Historical Specificity 62
An Evolutionary Approach 63
Qualifications to the Marxian Historical Model 63
A Theory of Evolution with Qualifications 66
A Critical Marxian View of Forces and Relations 68
The Process of Socioeconomic Revolution 70
The Historical Approach as a Method 71
Questions, Not Answers 72
How Are the Relational and Historical
Methods Connected? 73
Contents ix
Appendixes
4A. Orthodox Economics and Historical Change 74
4B. The Institutionalist View of Evolutionary Change 79
4C. Backwardness and Uneven Development 82
Chapter 5. A Critique of Individualism and
Extreme Collectivism 8 5
Extreme Collectivism 86
Individualism 86
The Individualist Critique of Marxian Class Analysis 87
Mancur Olson s Critique of Marxian Class Analysis 90
A Post Marxian Critique of Marxian Class Analysis 92
Myths about Marxian Class Analysis 93
Conclusions 94
Appendixes
5A. Individualism and Orthodox Economics 95
jB. Individualist Methodology in Analytic Marxism 101
jC. Liberal Institutionalist Views of Individualism
and Class 106
Chapter 6. Class Analysis 109
Problems of Defining Class 109
What Is the Middle Class? 111
A Factual Analysis of the Middle Class 112
A Factual Analysis of the Working Class 113
A Relational Approach to Class Conflicts 115
Three Levels of Class Conflict in the Historical Process 116
Class Conflict in the Economy 120
Social and Political Class Conflicts 121
Ideological Class Conflicts 123
Questions, Not Answers 125
Conclusions 12.6
Part II. Political Economy: A Relational Historical Approach
Chapter 7. Poverty, Inequality, and Exploitation 129
Poverty and Inequality 130
The Labor Theory of Value 130
The Traditional Marxian Theory of Exploitation 133
A Technological Reductionist View of Value
and Exploitation 134
A Relational or Class Theory of Exploitation 136
x Contents
A Historical Approach to Exploitation 140
Conclusions 141
Appendixes
7A. Class Conflict in U.S. Labor Relations 141
jB. The Theories of Roemer and Sraffa 145
yC. Exploitation and Racial Discrimination 146
7D. Exploitation and Sexist Discrimination 149
Chapter 8. Unemployment and Business Cycles 152
Orthodox Economic Approaches to Unemployment
and Cycles 152
The So called Falling Rate of Profit Theory 157
The Historical Approach to Economic Crises and
Business Cycles 158
Stages, Trends, and Cycles 161
The Relational Approach to Crises and Unemployment 164
The Marxian Theory of Wage Cost (or Reserve Army) 165
The Marxian Theory of Effective Demand
(or Underconsumption) 168
A Marxian Profit Squeeze (or Nutcracker) Theory 169
Adding Realism by Successive Approximations 172
Conclusions 175
Chapter 9. Democracy and Capitalism 177
Conservative Psychological Reductionism 177
Conservative Economic Reductionism 178
Soviet Marxism and Economic Reductionism 178
A Historical Approach to Government 180
A Relational Approach to Debates on Government 182
The Degree of Democracy 186
The Conflict between Capitalism and Democracy 188
The Effect of Politics on the Economy 191
Conclusions 192
Chapter 10. The Rise and Fall of the Soviet Union 193
A Historical Approach to the Rise of the Soviet Union 193
A Historical Approach to the Soviet Transition,
1917 1928 194
The Political Institutions, 1928 1988 198
Soviet Forces of Production, 1928—1988 199
A Class Analysis of the Former Soviet Union 200
The Fall of the Soviet Union 205
Conclusions 210
Contents xi
Part III. The Critical Method
Chapter n. Dialectics as a Critical Method 215
Is Dialectics Important or Useless? 216
Dialectics as a Relational Historical Method 217
The Relational Approach 219
The Historical Approach 221
Rejecting and Replacing the Law of the Unity
ofOpposites 222
Rejecting and Replacing the Law of Quantity
and Quality 224
Rejecting and Replacing the Law of the Negation of
the Negation 226
The Process of Model Building 227
The Method of Successive Approximations 229
Conclusion: Questions, Not Answers 230
Appendixes
11 A. The Early Evolution of Dialectics 230
11B. G. W. E Hegel, Nineteenth Century Pioneer
of Dialectics 231
11C. Soviet Marxism: Dialectics as a System 235
11D. Dialectics and Logic 240
Chapter 12. The Conflict of Paradigms 243
Empiricism 244
Rationalism 251
The Dilemma and the Road to a Solution 254
Materialism as a Relational Historical Method 254
Normal Science 255
Revolutions in Science 257
A Criticism and Amplification of Kuhn 259
Revolution and Relativity 261
John Dewey and lnstrumentalism 262
Conclusion: Questions, Not Answers 263
Appendixes
12.A. Mathematics and Statistics as Rhetoric 264
12B. Analytic Philosophy and Analytic Marxism 267
12 C. Phenomenological Marxism 268
Chapter 13. Determinism and Predeterminism 270
Predeterminism 270
Predeterminism and Soviet Marxism 272
A Critique of Soviet Predeterminism 273
xii Contents
Free Will and Voluntarism 276
Existentialist Marxism zjj
Determinism as a Relational Historical Method 278
The Concept of Determinism 279
Cause, Effect, and Overdetermination 282
Conclusion: Questions, Not Answers 284
Chapter 14. Marxian Humanism and Liberal Humanism 286
The Myth of Value Free Social Science 286
Orthodox Economics and Ethical Values 288
Alternative Marxian Views of Ethics 288
Is Marxism Contradictory? 292
Marxian Humanism as a Relational Historical Method 294
Utilitarianism, the Standard of Liberal Humanism 296
Marxian Humanism and Liberal Humanism 298
A Relational Approach to Ethics 299
The Historical Specificity of Ethics 300
Which Side Are You On? 302
Conclusion: Questions, Not Answers 305
Appendixes
14A. Institutionalism and Ethics 307
14B. Conservative Biases in Orthodox Economics 308
Part IV. A Radical Program for the Twenty first Century
Chapter 15. Reinventing Socialism 317
The Paradigm of Marxism: A Weapon for Radical
Political Economy 317
Lessons of Soviet History 320
Lessons of Yugoslav History 3 22
Lessons of U.S. History 324
The Historical Perspective: A Program for the Left 326
An Immediate Program for the Left 3 27
A Medium Term Program for the Left 332
A Long Term Program for the Left 334
Conclusions 336
References 339
Name Index 359
Subject Index 364
|
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| spelling | Sherman, Howard J. 1931- Verfasser (DE-588)123318408 aut Reinventing Marxism Howard J. Sherman Baltimore [u.a.] Johns Hopkins Univ. Press 1995 XVIII, 366 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Marxisme gtt Kommunismus Marxismus Socialism Post-communism Communism Communism and social sciences Marxian economics Wirtschaftstheorie (DE-588)4079351-5 gnd rswk-swf Marxismus (DE-588)4037764-7 gnd rswk-swf Wirtschaftstheorie (DE-588)4079351-5 s Marxismus (DE-588)4037764-7 s DE-604 http://www.loc.gov/catdir/bios/jhu051/95011951.html Contributor biographical information http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/jhu051/95011951.html Publisher description HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007254103&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Sherman, Howard J. 1931- Reinventing Marxism Marxisme gtt Kommunismus Marxismus Socialism Post-communism Communism Communism and social sciences Marxian economics Wirtschaftstheorie (DE-588)4079351-5 gnd Marxismus (DE-588)4037764-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4079351-5 (DE-588)4037764-7 |
| title | Reinventing Marxism |
| title_auth | Reinventing Marxism |
| title_exact_search | Reinventing Marxism |
| title_full | Reinventing Marxism Howard J. Sherman |
| title_fullStr | Reinventing Marxism Howard J. Sherman |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reinventing Marxism Howard J. Sherman |
| title_short | Reinventing Marxism |
| title_sort | reinventing marxism |
| topic | Marxisme gtt Kommunismus Marxismus Socialism Post-communism Communism Communism and social sciences Marxian economics Wirtschaftstheorie (DE-588)4079351-5 gnd Marxismus (DE-588)4037764-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Marxisme Kommunismus Marxismus Socialism Post-communism Communism Communism and social sciences Marxian economics Wirtschaftstheorie |
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