Solar system astronomy in America: communities, patronage, and interdisciplinary science, 1920-1960
Between 1920 and 1960 astronomers began working with scientists in other fields to improve their understanding of the nature of the solar system. Well before the launch of Sputnik, researchers made wide-ranging attempts to solve such problems as the nature of lunar and terrestrial craters, the origi...
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| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Cambridge
Cambridge University Press
1996
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Summary: | Between 1920 and 1960 astronomers began working with scientists in other fields to improve their understanding of the nature of the solar system. Well before the launch of Sputnik, researchers made wide-ranging attempts to solve such problems as the nature of lunar and terrestrial craters, the origin of comets and meteors, and the birth of the solar family. Their achievements included the Oort cloud and Kuiper belt concepts. Cooperation among specialists often dissolved in controversy - including the famous Kuiper-Urey conflict over the Moon's history - yet their work provided the foundation for planetary science in the space age Exploiting previously unused archival material, Ronald E. Doel investigates the emergence of this interdisciplinary scientific community and its influence on research in astronomy, meteorology, geology, and geophysics. He examines how studies in planetary science were influenced by shifts in institutional mandates, new research techniques, and government-military funding during the cold war. One example analyzed is the challenge to the geological doctrine of uniformitarianism that emerged in light of cold-war weapons research. Above all, this book explores an important branch of earth science, central to what we now call the environmental sciences |
| Item Description: | Hier auch später erschienene, unveränderte Nachdrucke |
| Physical Description: | xiv, 280, 16 ungezählte Seiten Bildtafeln 23 cm |
| ISBN: | 052141573X 9780521115681 |
Staff View
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text |
SOLAR SYSTEM ASTRONOMY IN AMERICA COMMUNITIES, PATRONAGE, AND
INTERDISCIPLINARY SCIENCE, 1920-1960 RONALD E. DOEL CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY
PRESS CONTENTS LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS IX PREFACE XI INTRODUCTION I 1.
AMERICAN ASTRONOMY IN THE FOUNDATION ERA, 1920-1940 9 THE RESOURCES OF
THE FIELD 10 CELESTIAL MECHANICS AND ASTEROIDS 16 THE HARVARD ARIZONA
METEOR EXPEDITION 22 COSMOGONY AS A GOAL: HENRY NORRIS RUSSELL 33 2.
PLANETARY ATMOSPHERES AND MILITARY PATRONS, 1945-1955 44 INFRARED
ATMOSPHERIC STUDIES 45 GLOBAL CIRCULATION AND THE SOLAR CONSTANT: JOINT
VENTURES 57 METEORS AS ATMOSPHERIC PROBES 68 3. ASTRONOMERS,
GEOCHEMISTS, AND AST RO-CHE M I ST RY , 1945-1955 78 PLANETARY
GEOCHEMISTRY AT CHICAGO 79 HAROLD C. UREY AND THE GEOCHEMICAL EVOLUTION
OF PLANETS 91 WESTWARD SHIFT: DETERMINING THE AGE OF EARTH 106 4.
CONSENSUS, THEN CONTROVERSY: INTERDISCIPLINARY TURMOIL, I95O-I955 115
FINDING COMMON GROUND: THE ORIGIN OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM 116 THE ORIGIN OF
COMETS 122 THE KUIPER*UREY CONTROVERSY: ENDING COOPERATIVE RESEARCH 134
5. ASTRONOMERS AND GEOLOGISTS: UNEASY ALLIANCES, I92O *1960 I5I
COOPERATIVE RESEARCH IN THE 1920S: THE CARNEGIE MOON COMMITTEE 152
FORGING CONSENSUS BEHIND IMPACT: THE BALDWIN*HARVARD AXIS 161 VLL
CONTENTS SEARCHING FOR CANADIAN IMPACT CRATERS 169 IMPACT RESEARCH AT
THE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 176 6. PATRONAGE AND AMERICAN ASTRONOMY:
TURMOIL AND TRANSITION, I952-I960 L88 FRAGMENTING THE DISCIPLINE: THE
NSF AND POSTWAR ASTRONOMY 190 ASTRO-GEOPHYSICS: CREATING BIG SCIENCE AT
HARVARD 198 SPECIALIZATION AND CONFLICT AT YERKES*MCDONALD 209
CONCLUSION 224 APPENDIXES: SOLAR SYSTEM ASTRONOMY AS A COMMUNITY,
1920-1960 233 A AMERICAN CONTRIBUTORS TO SOLAR SYSTEM ASTRONOMY 234 B.
PUBLICATIONS IN SOLAR SYSTEM ASTRONOMY, 1920-1960 237 C. PATRONAGE FOR
SOLAR SYSTEM ASTONOMY, 1947-1960 238 D. AMERICAN PARTICIPATION IN SOLAR
SYSTEM COMMISSIONS OF THE IAU, 1922-1958 240 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 243
REFERENCES 247 INDEX 271 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
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| dewey-sort | 3523.2 3973 3904 |
| dewey-tens | 520 - Astronomy and allied sciences |
| discipline | Physik |
| era | Geschichte 1920-1960 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1920-1960 |
| format | Book |
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| spelling | Doel, Ronald E. Verfasser (DE-588)1055793402 aut Solar system astronomy in America communities, patronage, and interdisciplinary science, 1920-1960 Ronald E. Doel Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1996 xiv, 280, 16 ungezählte Seiten Bildtafeln 23 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Hier auch später erschienene, unveränderte Nachdrucke Between 1920 and 1960 astronomers began working with scientists in other fields to improve their understanding of the nature of the solar system. Well before the launch of Sputnik, researchers made wide-ranging attempts to solve such problems as the nature of lunar and terrestrial craters, the origin of comets and meteors, and the birth of the solar family. Their achievements included the Oort cloud and Kuiper belt concepts. Cooperation among specialists often dissolved in controversy - including the famous Kuiper-Urey conflict over the Moon's history - yet their work provided the foundation for planetary science in the space age Exploiting previously unused archival material, Ronald E. Doel investigates the emergence of this interdisciplinary scientific community and its influence on research in astronomy, meteorology, geology, and geophysics. He examines how studies in planetary science were influenced by shifts in institutional mandates, new research techniques, and government-military funding during the cold war. One example analyzed is the challenge to the geological doctrine of uniformitarianism that emerged in light of cold-war weapons research. Above all, this book explores an important branch of earth science, central to what we now call the environmental sciences Geschichte 1920-1960 gnd rswk-swf Astrofysica gtt Onderzoek gtt Zonnestelsel gtt Geschichte Naturwissenschaft Astrophysics United States History Science United States History Forschung (DE-588)4017894-8 gnd rswk-swf USA Solar system USA (DE-588)4078704-7 gnd rswk-swf Sonnensystem (DE-588)1236963989 gnd rswk-swf USA (DE-588)4078704-7 g Sonnensystem (DE-588)1236963989 g Forschung (DE-588)4017894-8 s Geschichte 1920-1960 z DE-604 GBV Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007148397&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Doel, Ronald E. Solar system astronomy in America communities, patronage, and interdisciplinary science, 1920-1960 Astrofysica gtt Onderzoek gtt Zonnestelsel gtt Geschichte Naturwissenschaft Astrophysics United States History Science United States History Forschung (DE-588)4017894-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4017894-8 (DE-588)4078704-7 (DE-588)1236963989 |
| title | Solar system astronomy in America communities, patronage, and interdisciplinary science, 1920-1960 |
| title_auth | Solar system astronomy in America communities, patronage, and interdisciplinary science, 1920-1960 |
| title_exact_search | Solar system astronomy in America communities, patronage, and interdisciplinary science, 1920-1960 |
| title_full | Solar system astronomy in America communities, patronage, and interdisciplinary science, 1920-1960 Ronald E. Doel |
| title_fullStr | Solar system astronomy in America communities, patronage, and interdisciplinary science, 1920-1960 Ronald E. Doel |
| title_full_unstemmed | Solar system astronomy in America communities, patronage, and interdisciplinary science, 1920-1960 Ronald E. Doel |
| title_short | Solar system astronomy in America |
| title_sort | solar system astronomy in america communities patronage and interdisciplinary science 1920 1960 |
| title_sub | communities, patronage, and interdisciplinary science, 1920-1960 |
| topic | Astrofysica gtt Onderzoek gtt Zonnestelsel gtt Geschichte Naturwissenschaft Astrophysics United States History Science United States History Forschung (DE-588)4017894-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Astrofysica Onderzoek Zonnestelsel Geschichte Naturwissenschaft Astrophysics United States History Science United States History Forschung USA Solar system Sonnensystem |
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