Infection in transplantation:
Saved in:
| Format: | Book |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Philadelphia [u.a.]
Saunders
1995
|
| Series: | Infectious disease clinics of North America
9,4 |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XI S., S. 811 - 1092 Ill., graph. Darst. |
Staff View
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Infection in transplantation |c Robert H. Rubin, guest ed. |
| 264 | 1 | |a Philadelphia [u.a.] |b Saunders |c 1995 | |
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| 490 | 1 | |a Infectious disease clinics of North America |v 9,4 | |
| 650 | 2 | |a Infection | |
| 650 | 2 | |a Transplantation - effets indésirables | |
| 650 | 2 | |a Transplantation moelle osseuse - effets indésirables | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Bone Marrow Transplantation |x adverse effects | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Infection | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Organ Transplantation |x adverse effects | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Infektion |0 (DE-588)4161650-9 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Transplantation |0 (DE-588)4060675-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
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| adam_text | INFECTION IN TRANSPLANTATION
CONTENTS
Preface xiii
Robert H. Rubin
Infection in the Organ Transplant Recipient: An Overview 811
Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis and Robert H. Rubin
Considerable progress has been made in elucidating the factors
involved in the pathogenesis of infection in the organ transplant
patient. One of the general principles that has emerged is that
the risk of clinical infection, particularly opportunistic infection,
is determined largely by the interaction between the patient s net
state of immunosuppression and the epidemiologic exposures the
patient encounters. The therapeutic prescription for the transplant
patient has two components—an immunosuppressive component
to prevent and treat rejection and an antimicrobial component,
which is linked to the intensity of the immunosuppressive ther¬
apy required, to make this safe. This reflects the recognition that
the two major barriers to successful transplantation, rejection and
infection, are closely tied together by the current requirement for
lifelong immunosuppressive therapy. Progress in one area will
have beneficial effects on the other.
Infection in the Bone Marrow Transplant Recipient 823
Elizabeth A. Walter and Raleigh A. Bovvden
Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is widely used in the treat¬
ment of myelodysplastie disorders and leukemia. Despite im¬
provements in patient management, infection as a consequence
of the immunodeficiency states that follow BMT remains a sig¬
nificant cause of morbidity and mortality. This article provides
an overview of the major infections after BMT with an emphasis
on new developments in diagnosis, treatment, and prophylaxes
that have occurred in recent years.
INFECTIOUS DISEASE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
VOLUME i • LAtBER 4 • DECEMBER TO5 Vli
Prevention of Bacterial Infection in the Transplant Recipient:
The Role of Selective Bowel Decontamination 849
Paul M. Arnow
Bacterial infections are a common complication of orthotopic liver
transplantation. The conventional approach to prevention is to
administer potent, systemic, broad spectrum antibiotics perioper
atively. At some centers this approach has been supplemented by
prolonged administration of oral nonabsorbable antibiotics for
selective bowel decontamination (SBD). This article summarizes
information concerning the rationale, efficacy, and potential com¬
plications of SBD in liver transplantation and identifies key issues
for future study.
Cytomegalovirus Infection in Organ Transplant Recipients 863
Patricia L. Hibberd and David R. Snydman
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) continues to be responsible for a sub¬
stantial fraction of the morbidity and mortality that follows organ
transplantation. The three major consequences of CMV infection
are CMV disease (encompassing a range of clinical illness), super
infection with opportunistic pathogens, and injury to the trans¬
planted organ. In the last decade, considerable progress has been
made in elucidating risk factors for CMV disease, in rapid detec¬
tion of CMV in clinical specimens, and in the use of antiviral
chemotherapy and immunoglobulin to prevent and treat CMV
disease after transplantation. This article discusses the impact of
these advances on patient outcome following transplantation and
the challenges for the next decade.
Cytomegalovirus Infection in the Bone Marrow
Transplant Recipient 879
John A. Zaia and Stephen J. Forman
Over the past 5 years, with the introduction of preventive gan
ciclovir therapy and a better understanding of the immunology
of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in bone marrow transplant (BMT)
recipients, there has been a significant change in the management
of CMV infection. As the field of BMT has moved into this era of
prophylaxis, there are new problems posed by CMV infection
that require additional attention. The natural course of CMV
associated disease is undergoing a change, with a frame shifting
of disease onset to later times after BMT. Yet, the success of
this antiviral prophylaxis has been of central importance to new
developments in marrow transplantation. At the same time that
these new antiviral approaches have developed, there has been
intensive interest in reducing the cost of BMT. With this, there
is a concern for use of the available antiviral strategies in the
most efficient manner. This article reviews the various manage¬
ment options relating to control of CMV and discusses certain
areas relating to new research strategies that promise to provide
even better approaches to the problem of CMV in this population.
viii CONTENTS
Post Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder 901
Nesli Basgoz and Jutta K. Preiksaitis
This article discusses the virology of Epstein Barr virus (EBV)
and provides an overview of the disease states associated with
the virus, describes how the immunology of EBV infection pro¬
vides for control in the normal host, and reviews what is cur¬
rently known about post transplant lymphoproliferative disorder
(PTLD), including evidence for EBV in the pathogenesis of PTLD,
risk factors for its development, clinical presentation, methods
for diagnosis, pathology, treatment, and current and future pre¬
ventive strategies.
Hepatitis B and Transplantation 925
Connie L. Davis, David R. Gretch, and
Robert L. Carithers, Jr
Hepatitis B infection can add significantly to the morbidity and
mortality of transplantation. Patients with hepatitis B can have
severe recurrent disease following liver transplantation. Reactiva¬
tion of occult disease can occur during chemotherapy or imrnuno
suppression. Hepatitis B also can be acquired at the time of
transplantation. Intensive study of transplant patients with hepa¬
titis B has led to a new understanding of the immunobiology of
hepatitis B virus.
Hepatitis C Infection in the Transplant Recipient 943
Norah A. Terrault, Teresa L. Wright, and Brian J. G. Pereira
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has become increasingly important in
organ transplantation for several reasons. First, as a cause of end
stage liver disease, HCV can be a common indication for liver
transplantation. Second, recurrent HCV infection is nearly univer¬
sal after transplantation in those with HCV infection pretrans
plant, and HCV infection may affect short term and long term
morbidity and mortality. Third, because of previous parenteral
exposures, kidney, heart, and bone marrow transplant recipients
are at risk of HCV infection pretransplant. The use of immuno
suppression may modify the course of HCV infection after trans¬
plantation. Finally, transplantation can be a risk factor for acquir¬
ing HCV infection from either infected donor organs or blood
products. The prevalence, diagnosis, natural history, and manage¬
ment of transplant recipients with HCV infection are reviewed in
this article.
Management of the Transplant Recipient with
Pulmonary Infection 965
Sally H. Houston and John T. Sinnott
Pulmonary infections are a frequent and potentially devastating
complication of bone marrow and solid organ transplantation.
CONTENTS x
Physicians caring for transplant recipients must familiarize them¬
selves with the diverse presentation and differential diagnosis
of pulmonary infiltrates. Available laboratory tests for unusual
pathogens, imaging modalities, diagnostic procedures, treatment
strategies, and prevention of infection are reviewed in this article.
Orthomyxoviral and Paramyxoviral Infections in
Transplant Patients 987
Carole A. Sable and Frederick G. Hayden
Orthomyxoviruses and paramyxoviruses can cause life threaten¬
ing infections in bone marrow and solid organ transplant recipi¬
ents. This article reviews published information regarding the
clinical spectrum of infections, diagnostic methods, and potential
treatments. Uncertainties regarding the optimal management of
these patients still exist.
Pneumocystis carinii and Parasitic Infections
in Transplantation 1005
Jay Alan Fishman
Pneumocystis carinii remains an important pathogen in organ
transplantation. New therapeutic options have been developed
for the prevention and treatment of P. carinii pneumonia. Parasitic
infections are recognized more frequently in potential organ do¬
nors or recipients as travel and technology for transplantation
extend into endemic regions. Parasites important to transplanta¬
tion are largely those that can replicate in humans and that
cause infection, the intensity of which is regulated by immune
mechanisms in the normal host. The spectrum of parasitic infec¬
tions is likely to increase with improved diagnostic methods,
expansion of intestinal transplantation, and xenotransplantation.
Fungal Infections in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients 1045
Susan Hadley and A. W. Karchmer
Invasive fungal infections occur in 5% to 45% of solid organ
transplant recipients, and are a major cause of morbidity and
mortality in the immunocompromised population. The net de¬
pression of host defenses and environmental factors, such as
preoperative exposures to endemic mycoses or nosocomial and
specific surgery associated exposures, affect the development of
invasive infection. Most fungal infections in solid organ trans¬
plant recipients occur within the first 2 months after transplanta¬
tion. The most common pathogens in the majority of solid organ
transplant recipients are Candida spp, followed by Atpirgillus sp.
Diagnosis is best made by a high index of suspicion and aggres¬
sive acquisition of specimens for culture; serologic tests are useful
for infections due to Cryptncoccus ncofimnans and Histoplasnm cap
sulatum. Amphotericin B is the drug of choice for life threatening
infections. The triazoles, fluconazole and itraconazole, may be
x CONTENTS
effective alternatives for less serious infections due to susceptible
organisms. Prophylactic and preemptive treatment strategies re¬
quire further study.
Cumulative Index 1995 1075
Subscription Information Inside back cover
CONTENTS X*
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| spelling | Infection in transplantation Robert H. Rubin, guest ed. Philadelphia [u.a.] Saunders 1995 XI S., S. 811 - 1092 Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Infectious disease clinics of North America 9,4 Infection Transplantation - effets indésirables Transplantation moelle osseuse - effets indésirables Bone Marrow Transplantation adverse effects Organ Transplantation adverse effects Infektion (DE-588)4161650-9 gnd rswk-swf Transplantation (DE-588)4060675-2 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Transplantation (DE-588)4060675-2 s Infektion (DE-588)4161650-9 s DE-604 Rubin, Robert H. Sonstige oth Infectious disease clinics of North America 9,4 (DE-604)BV000841738 9,4 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007062616&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Infection in transplantation Infectious disease clinics of North America Infection Transplantation - effets indésirables Transplantation moelle osseuse - effets indésirables Bone Marrow Transplantation adverse effects Organ Transplantation adverse effects Infektion (DE-588)4161650-9 gnd Transplantation (DE-588)4060675-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4161650-9 (DE-588)4060675-2 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Infection in transplantation |
| title_auth | Infection in transplantation |
| title_exact_search | Infection in transplantation |
| title_full | Infection in transplantation Robert H. Rubin, guest ed. |
| title_fullStr | Infection in transplantation Robert H. Rubin, guest ed. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Infection in transplantation Robert H. Rubin, guest ed. |
| title_short | Infection in transplantation |
| title_sort | infection in transplantation |
| topic | Infection Transplantation - effets indésirables Transplantation moelle osseuse - effets indésirables Bone Marrow Transplantation adverse effects Organ Transplantation adverse effects Infektion (DE-588)4161650-9 gnd Transplantation (DE-588)4060675-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Infection Transplantation - effets indésirables Transplantation moelle osseuse - effets indésirables Bone Marrow Transplantation adverse effects Organ Transplantation adverse effects Infektion Transplantation Aufsatzsammlung |
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