Planning and conducting needs assessments: a practical guide
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Thousand Oaks u.a.
Sage
1995
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XX, 302 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0803958099 0803958102 |
Staff View
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Planning and conducting needs assessments |b a practical guide |c Belle Ruth Witkin ; James W. Altschuld |
| 264 | 1 | |a Thousand Oaks u.a. |b Sage |c 1995 | |
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| 650 | 7 | |a Onderzoeksontwerp |2 gtt | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Evaluation Studies |x methods | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Management Audit | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Needs assessment | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Organization and Administration | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Planning | |
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Record in the Search Index
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Foreword / xiii • :
Preface / xv
PART I: Planning and Managing the Needs Assessment / 1
1. A Three Phase Model of Needs Assessment / 3
Some Background on Needs Assessment / 4
Point of View of the Book / 7
STRENGTHS OF THIS BOOK / 8
HOW TO USE THIS BOOK / 8
Needs—Core Concepts / 9
DEFINITIONS OF NEED / 9
DEFINITION OF NA / 9
TARGET GROUPS AND LEVELS OF NEED / 10
THE IDEA OF A SYSTEM / 13
A Three Phase Plan for Assessing Needs / 14
Contexts of Needs Assessments / 16
Planning and Conducting the NA / 16
KEY FACTORS IN CONDUCTING NAs / 17
A CAUTION BEFORE BEGINNING / 17
Summary / 18
2. Phase 1—Preassessment / 20
Purpose of the Preassessment Phase / 20
4. Phase 3—Postassessment / 75 ;
Major Tasks for Phase 3/76 . ,;
1.0 SET PRIORITIES ON NEEDS / 76 .,. . .
2.0 SELECT SOLUTION STRATEGIES / 83
3.0 PROPOSE AN ACTION PLAN / 87
4.0 EVALUATE THE QUALITY OF THE
NEEDS ASSESSMENT / 87
5.0 PREPARE REPORTS AND BRIEFINGS / 88
Techniques for Phase 3 / 89
RISK ASSESSMENT / 89
A GENERIC PROCESS FOR DETERMINING PRIORITIES / 90
A GROUP PROCESS FOR PHASE 3 DECISION MAKING / 92
FORCE FIELD ANALYSIS / 94
A NEEDS ASSESSMENT USING FORCE FIELD ANALYSIS / 96
Summary / 99
PART II: Methods for Conducting a Needs Assessment / 101
5. Records and Social Indicators / 103
„ Social Indicators / 104 . ... .
SOURCES OF SOCIAL INDICATORS / 105
KEY QUESTIONS TO ASK BEFORE USING
RECORDS AND SOCIAL INDICATORS / 106
Unobtrusive Measures and Observations / 107
DESCRIPTION OF THE MEASURES / 107
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
I OF UNOBTRUSIVE MEASURES / 108
I Use of Existing Agency or Institution Records / 109
I SOURCES OF RECORDS / 109
f USING EXISTING RECORDS / 110
I CAVEATS REGARDING EXISTING RECORDS / 111
SOME APPLICATIONS TO NA / 113
Using Records in Cyclical Needs Assessments and
Management Information Systems / 116
Modification or Creation of Record Keeping Systems / 117
Rates Under Treatment (RUT) / 118
Using Existing Databases / 119
THE CENSUS AND OTHER LARGE DATABASES / 119
Mapping and Indirect Estimation / 124
MAPPING / 124
INDIRECT ESTIMATION / 125
Considerations for the Needs Assessor / 126
Summary / 127
6. Surveys, Interviews, and the Critical
Incident Technique / 128 t
Questionnaires / 128 ;
ADVANTAGES / 129
DISADVANTAGES / 129
APPROPRIATE USES OF SURVEYS FOR NA / 130
Planning the Survey Questionnaire / 131
SELECTING TARGET POPULATION AND LEVEL OF NEED / 131
SELECTING THE SAMPLE / 131
DETERMINING APPROPRIATE CONTENT
AND TYPES OF ITEMS / 132
DETERMINING METHODS OF DISTRIBUTION / 133
DESIGNING THE QUESTIONNAIRE / 134
DESIGNING ITEM FORMATS AND SCALES / 135
BUDGET ALLOCATION METHOD / 136
Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales / 138
Determining the Method of Data Processing
and Analysis / 142
The Interview / 145
PLANNING FOR THE INTERVIEW / 146
CONDUCTING THE INTERVIEW / 148 •
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
OF THE FACE TO FACE INTERVIEW / 149
: ;¦:.. TELEPHONE INTERVIEWS / 150
Critical Incident Technique / 150
General Issues for All Types of Surveys / 151
Summary / 152
7. Basic Group Processes / 153
Purposes of Group Processes in Needs Assessment / 154
General Features of Effective Group Processes:
The Needs Assessment Committee as a Task Group / 155
STRUCTURING THE PROCESS / 155
LEADERSHIP / 156
INVOLVEMENT OF PARTICIPANTS / 157
ACHIEVING CONSENSUS / 158 ¦:
RECORDING GROUP IDEAS / 158
FOLLOW UP PROCEDURES / 159
Three Group Processes Frequently Used in
Needs Assessment / 159
The Community Forum / 161
PLANNING / 161
CONDUCTING THE FORUM / 164
FOLLOW UP / 165
The Nominal Group Technique / 167
PLANNING / 167 ; ...
CONDUCTING THE NGT / 169 r
FOLLOW UP / 170
The Focus Group Interview / 171 ¦ ,
PLANNING / 172 .
CONDUCTING THE INTERVIEW / 175
FOLLOW UP / 176
EXAMPLES OF FGI USE / 177
Combining Group Techniques / 179 ¦
Issues in Using Group Processes and
Some Tips for Maximizing Success / 180
ADEQUATE PLANNING / 180
SELECTION OF THE GROUP LEADER / 181
SELECTION OF PARTICIPANTS / 182
WORKING WITH DIFFERENT PERSONALITY TYPES / 183
PREMATURE CLOSURE OF DISCUSSION / 184
| DEALING WITH HIDDEN AGENDAS,
f GRIEVANCES, AND BIAS / 184
Summary / 185 . ¦ ..
8. Specialized Survey and Group Techniques
for Data Gathering and Analysis / 186
DACUM / 189
THE DACUM PROCESS / 190
AN EXAMPLE OF DACUM / 192
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF DACUM / 192
The Mailed Delphi Survey / 193
THE PROCESS / 194
SOME EXAMPLES OF THE MAILED DELPHI SURVEY / 199
The Group or Modified Delphi Process / 202
AN EXAMPLE OF THE MODIFIED DELPHI / 202
; Electronic Groups / 203
Concept Mapping / 205
Summary / 208
9. Future Oriented Needs Assessment Procedures / 210
Strategic Planning / 211
EXAMPLES OF STRATEGIC PLANNING / 216
Scenarios / 217
AN EXAMPLE OF A SCENARIO / 219
Cross Impact Analysis / 224
j Future Wheels / 226
AN EXAMPLE OF A FUTURE WHEEL / 228
Trend Analysis / 230
Summary / 237
10. Causal Analysis / 239
Uses of Causal Analysis in Needs Assessment / 239
METHODS OF CAUSAL ANALYSIS FOR NA / 243
Fishboning / 243
PROCEDURE / 244
USES OF THE DATA / 246
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF FISHBONING / 248
Cause and Consequence Analysis / 249
PROCEDURE / 249
USES OF THE DATA—SETTING PRIORITIES / 250
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF CCA / 251
Fault Tree Analysis / 252
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE OF FTA / 252
FTA METHODOLOGY—GENERAL PRINCIPLES / 253
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS—CONSTRUCTION
OF THE TREE / 254
PRINCIPLES OF FAULT TREE CONSTRUCTION / 255
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS / 266
USING FTA TO ENHANCE THE LIKELIHOOD
OF SUCCESS IN MEETING NEEDS / 267
Applications of Causal Analysis / 269
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF FTA / 270
Use of Causal Analysis in Managing and
Evaluating the Needs Assessment / 271
Application of Success and Failure Analysis
to a Complex Project / 272
Summary / 273
Postscript / 275
Highlights and Insights / 275
BALANCE: WALKING THE NA TIGHTROPE / 275
LEVEL 1 NEEDS ARE IT! / 276
VALUES, VALUES EVERYWHERE / 276
THE PLANNING GRIDLOCK (INERTIA) AND
THE P WORD—POLITICS / 277
THE LONELY, ISOLATED NA / 278
MULTIPLE DATA SOURCES—HELP OR HINDRANCE? / 279
RIGID RULES DON T WORK; A GENERAL NA
MODEL DOES / 279
What Does the Future Hold for Needs Assessment? / 280
SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION / 280
1 TECHNOLOGY TO THE FOREFRONT / 281
HELP! MORE RESEARCH IS NEEDED / 282
TRAINING IN NA—THE OPPORTUNITY / 282
COLLABORATIVE NAs—THE WAVE OF THE FUTURE? / 283
A FINAL NOTE / 283
References / 285
Recommended Reading / 291
Index / 293
About the Authors / 301
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| spelling | Witkin, Belle R. Verfasser aut Planning and conducting needs assessments a practical guide Belle Ruth Witkin ; James W. Altschuld Thousand Oaks u.a. Sage 1995 XX, 302 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Analyse des besoins Behoeften gtt Onderzoeksmethoden gtt Onderzoeksontwerp gtt Planification Evaluation Studies methods Management Audit Needs assessment Organization and Administration Planning Bedarfsplanung (DE-588)4120983-7 gnd rswk-swf Methode (DE-588)4038971-6 gnd rswk-swf Bedarfsplanung (DE-588)4120983-7 s DE-604 Methode (DE-588)4038971-6 s Altschuld, James W. Verfasser aut HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006997966&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Witkin, Belle R. Altschuld, James W. Planning and conducting needs assessments a practical guide Analyse des besoins Behoeften gtt Onderzoeksmethoden gtt Onderzoeksontwerp gtt Planification Evaluation Studies methods Management Audit Needs assessment Organization and Administration Planning Bedarfsplanung (DE-588)4120983-7 gnd Methode (DE-588)4038971-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4120983-7 (DE-588)4038971-6 |
| title | Planning and conducting needs assessments a practical guide |
| title_auth | Planning and conducting needs assessments a practical guide |
| title_exact_search | Planning and conducting needs assessments a practical guide |
| title_full | Planning and conducting needs assessments a practical guide Belle Ruth Witkin ; James W. Altschuld |
| title_fullStr | Planning and conducting needs assessments a practical guide Belle Ruth Witkin ; James W. Altschuld |
| title_full_unstemmed | Planning and conducting needs assessments a practical guide Belle Ruth Witkin ; James W. Altschuld |
| title_short | Planning and conducting needs assessments |
| title_sort | planning and conducting needs assessments a practical guide |
| title_sub | a practical guide |
| topic | Analyse des besoins Behoeften gtt Onderzoeksmethoden gtt Onderzoeksontwerp gtt Planification Evaluation Studies methods Management Audit Needs assessment Organization and Administration Planning Bedarfsplanung (DE-588)4120983-7 gnd Methode (DE-588)4038971-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Analyse des besoins Behoeften Onderzoeksmethoden Onderzoeksontwerp Planification Evaluation Studies methods Management Audit Needs assessment Organization and Administration Planning Bedarfsplanung Methode |
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