Landscape function and disturbance in arctic tundra: with 47 tables
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | German |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Berlin [u.a.]
Springer
1996
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Ecological studies
120 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XX, 437 S. . Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 3540592636 |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nam a2200000 cb4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV010483982 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 19960709 | ||
| 007 | t | ||
| 008 | 951113s1996 gw |||| 00||| ger d | ||
| 016 | 7 | |a 944786031 |2 DE-101 | |
| 020 | |a 3540592636 |c Pp. : DM 198.00 |9 3-540-59263-6 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)180344503 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV010483982 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rakddb | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a ger | |
| 044 | |a gw |c DE | ||
| 049 | |a DE-M49 |a DE-12 |a DE-703 |a DE-739 |a DE-20 |a DE-83 |a DE-11 |a DE-188 | ||
| 082 | 0 | |a 574.5/2644/097987 | |
| 084 | |a RU 60525 |0 (DE-625)142518:12763 |2 rvk | ||
| 084 | |a RY 24525 |0 (DE-625)142545:12763 |2 rvk | ||
| 084 | |a WI 1300 |0 (DE-625)148755: |2 rvk | ||
| 084 | |a GEO 038f |2 stub | ||
| 084 | |a UMW 012f |2 stub | ||
| 084 | |a GEO 282f |2 stub | ||
| 084 | |a BIO 144f |2 stub | ||
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Landscape function and disturbance in arctic tundra |b with 47 tables |c James F. Reynolds ... (eds.) |
| 264 | 1 | |a Berlin [u.a.] |b Springer |c 1996 | |
| 300 | |a XX, 437 S. . Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 1 | |a Ecological studies |v 120 | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Ökosystem |0 (DE-588)4043216-6 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Anthropogener Einfluss |0 (DE-588)4327906-5 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Tundra |0 (DE-588)4061205-3 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Landschaftsschaden |0 (DE-588)4130864-5 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 651 | 7 | |a Arctique |2 rero | |
| 651 | 7 | |a Arktis |0 (DE-588)4002924-4 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 651 | 7 | |a Alaska |z Nord |0 (DE-588)4311951-7 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Alaska |z Nord |0 (DE-588)4311951-7 |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Tundra |0 (DE-588)4061205-3 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 2 | |a Ökosystem |0 (DE-588)4043216-6 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 3 | |a Landschaftsschaden |0 (DE-588)4130864-5 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 689 | 1 | 0 | |a Arktis |0 (DE-588)4002924-4 |D g |
| 689 | 1 | 1 | |a Tundra |0 (DE-588)4061205-3 |D s |
| 689 | 1 | 2 | |a Ökosystem |0 (DE-588)4043216-6 |D s |
| 689 | 1 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 689 | 2 | 0 | |a Alaska |z Nord |0 (DE-588)4311951-7 |D g |
| 689 | 2 | 1 | |a Ökosystem |0 (DE-588)4043216-6 |D s |
| 689 | 2 | 2 | |a Anthropogener Einfluss |0 (DE-588)4327906-5 |D s |
| 689 | 2 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Reynolds, James F. |e Sonstige |4 oth | |
| 830 | 0 | |a Ecological studies |v 120 |w (DE-604)BV000004586 |9 120 | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m GBV Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006986782&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-006986782 | ||
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804124918131982336 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | JAMES F. REYNOLDS JOHN D. TENHUNEN (EDS.) LANDSCAPE FUNCTION AND
DISTURBANCE IN ARCTIC TUNDRA WITH 109 FIGURES, 11 IN COLOR AND 47 TABLES
SPRINGER CONTENTS I INTRODUCTION 1 1 ECOSYSTEM RESPONSE, RESISTANCE,
RESILIENCE, AND RECOVERY IN ARCTIC LANDSCAPES: INTRODUCTION J. F.
REYNOLDS AND J. D. TENHUNEN 3 1.1 INTRODUCTION 3 1.2 NRC COMMITTEE
REPORT 6 1.3 THE R4D PROGRAM 8 1.3.1 OBJECTIVES AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
8 1.3.2 PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION 9 1.3.3 LANDSCAPE FUNCTION 12 1.4 SUMMARY
14 REFERENCES 16 2 INTEGRATED ECOSYSTEM RESEARCH IN NORTHERN ALASKA,
1947-1994 G. R. SHAVER 19 2.1 INTRODUCTION 19 2.2 EARLY DAYS AT NARL 19
2.3 THE U. S. TUNDRA BIOME PROGRAM 21 2.4 THE MEADE RIVER RATE PROGRAM
22 2.5 EAGLE CREEK AND EAGLE SUMMIT . , 23 2.6 THE ARCTIC LTER PROGRAM
AT TOOLIK LAKE 25 2.7 OTHER STUDIES IN ALASKA AND ELSEWHERE 26 2.8
SUMMARY AND PROSPECTS 27 REFERENCES 29 3 DISTURBANCE AND RECOVERY OF
ARCTIC ALASKAN VEGETATION D. A. WALKER 35 3.1 INTRODUCTION 35 3.2
DISTURBANCE AND RECOVERY 35 3.3 TYPICAL DISTURBANCE AND RECOVERY
PATTERNS 39 3.3.1 SMALL DISTURBED PATCHES 39 3.3.2 CONTAMINANTS 43
3.3.2.1 HYDROCARBON SPILLS 43 VIII CONTENTS 3.3.2.2 SEAWATER AND
RESERVE-PIT SPILLS 45 3.3.3 FIRE 47 3.3.4 TRANSPORTATION CORRIDORS 48
3.3.4.1 BULLDOZED TUNDRA AND RELATED DISTURBANCES 48 3.3.4.2 OFF-ROAD
VEHICLE TRAILS - - 50 3.3.4.2.1 SUMMER TRAVEL 50 3.3.4.2.2 WINTER TRAVEL
52 3.3.4.3 PERMANENT ROADS AND PADS 54 3.3.4.4 GRAVEL MINES 55 3.3.4.5
NATIVE SPECIES IN REVEGETATION OF GRAVEL PADS AND MINES .. 56 3.3.4.6
ROAD DUST 58 3.3.4.7 ROADSIDE IMPOUNDMENTS 59 3.3.5 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS
61 3.4 CONCLUSIONS 62 REFERENCES 64 4 TERRAIN AND VEGETATION OF THE
IMNAVAIT CREEK WATERSHED D. A. WALKER AND M. D. WALKER 73 4.1
INTRODUCTION 73 4.2 TERRAIN 73 4.2.1 GLACIAL DEPOSITS 74 4.2.2
RETRANSPORTED HILLSLOPE DEPOSITS 75 4.2.3 COLLUVIAL BASIN DEPOSITS 79
4.2.4 FLOODPLAIN DEPOSITS 79 4.3 VEGETATION 79 4.3.1 FLORA 79 4.3.2
VEGETATION TYPES 80 4.3.2.1 LICHEN-COVERED ROCKS 85 4.3.2.2 DRY HEATH 85
4.3.2.2.1 EXPOSED SITES 88 4.3.2.2.2 SNOWBEDS 88 4.3.2.3 TUSSOCK TUNDRA
89 4.3.2.4 RIPARIAN AREAS 90 4.3.2.5 MIRES 92 4.3.2.6 BEADED PONDS 93
4.4 WEST-FACING TOPOSEQUENCE 93 4.5 TERRAIN SENSITIVITY TO DISTURBANCE
97 4.6 CONCLUSIONS 98 APPENDIX A. LIST OF PLANTS FOR IMNAVAIT CREEK,
ALASKA 99 REFERENCES 106 5 VEGETATION STRUCTURE AND ABOVEGROUND CARBON
AND NUTRIENT POOLS IN THE IMNAVAIT CREEK WATERSHED S. C. HAHN, S. F.
OBERBAUER, R. GEBAUER, N. E. GRULKE, O. L. LANGE, AND J. D. TENHUNEN 109
CONTENTS IX 5.1 INTRODUCTION 109 5.2 DESCRIPTION OF VEGETATION 109 5.3
SAMPLING METHODS 112 5.3.1 COVER 112 5.3.2 BIOMASS AND NUTRIENT POOLS
112 5.4 COVER 113 5.5 ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS 114 5.5.1 LIVE BIOMASS 114
5.5.2 PHOTOSYNTHETIC BIOMASS 116 5.5.3 LICHEN BIOMASS 117 5.5.4 ORGANIC
LITTER 117 5.5.5 WATERSHED PATTERNS 118 5.6 NUTRIENT POOLS 118 5.6.1 N
AND P IN HEATH CRYPTOGAMS 118 5.6.2 N AND P IN COMMUNITIES 121 5.7
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS 124 REFERENCES 126 II PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT,
HYDROLOGY, AND TRANSPORT 129 6 ENERGY BALANCE AND HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
IN AN ARCTIC WATERSHED L. HINZMAN, D. L. KANE, C. S. BENSON, AND K. R.
EVERETT 131 6.1 INTRODUCTION 131 6.2 RADIATION AND THERMAL REGIMES 131
6.2.1 SURFACE ENERGY BALANCE 133 6.2.2 SNOW COVER AND SOIL THERMAL
REGIME 137 6.3 HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES 140 6.3.1 SNOWMELT 141 6.3.2 PLOT
AND BASIN WATER BALANCE 142 6.3.3 RUNOFF AND BASIN DISCHARGE 143 6.3.4
PRECIPITATION, EVAPORATION, AND EVAPOTRANSPIRATION 145 6.4 ENERGY
BALANCE AND HYDROLOGY MODELS 146 6.4.1 SIMULATION OF THE THERMAL REGIME
146 6.4.2 SIMULATION OF SNOWMELT V 148 6.4.3 SIMULATION OF CATCHMENT
RUNOFF 150 6.5 CONCLUSIONS 152 REFERENCES 152 7 SHORTWAVE REFLECTANCE
PROPERTIES OF ARCTIC TUNDRA LANDSCAPES A. S. HOPE AND D. A. STOW 155 7.1
INTRODUCTION 155 7.2 SHORTWAVE REFLECTANCE STUDIES IN ARCTIC
ENVIRONMENTS .... 156 X CONTENTS 7.2.1 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS 156
7.2.2 RADIOMETRIC DATA 156 7.2.3 IMAGE DATA 156 7.3 SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE
. 157 7.3.1 ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS ,157 7.3.2 VEGETATION COMPOSITION 158
7.3.3 LANDSCAPE PATTERNS 158 7.3.4 EFFECTS OF DUST DEPOSITION 159 7.4
ALBEDO 160 7.4.1 UNDISTURBED TUSSOCK TUNDRA 160 7.4.2 EFFECTS OF DUST
DEPOSITION 161 7.5 CONCLUSIONS 162 REFERENCES 163 8 ISOTOPIC TRACERS FOR
INVESTIGATING HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES L. W. COOPER, I. L. LARSEN, C.
SOUS, J. M. GREBMEIER, C. R. OLSEN, D. K. SOLOMON, AND R. B. COOK 165
8.1 INTRODUCTION 165 8.1.1 UNITS 166 8.1.2 CONSERVATIVE VS
NONCONSERVATIVE ISOTOPES 166 8.2 NONCONSERVATIVE TRACERS 167 8.3
SULFUR-35 167 8.4 OXYGEN-18 168 8.4.1 OXYGEN-18 CONTENT OF SNOWPACK 169
8.4.2 OXYGEN-18 CONTENT OF IMNAVAIT CREEK 169 8.4.3 OXYGEN-18 CONTENT OF
SOIL MOISTURE 172 8.4.4 COVARIANCE OF OXYGEN-18 AND DEUTERIUM IN
WATERSHED COMPARTMENTS 172 8.4.5 COVARIANCE OF OXYGEN-18 AND DEUTERIUM
IN PLANT WATER ... 174 8.5 LONG-LIVED RADIOISOTOPES: LEAD-210 AND
CESIUM-137 174 8.5.1 DISTRIBUTION OF 137 CS ON TUNDRA AND IN LAKE
SEDIMENTS .... 175 8.5.2 CYCLING OF 137 CS IN ANNUAL BERRIES 176 8.5.3
DISTRIBUTION OF 210 PB IN TUNDRA 178 8.6 CONCLUSIONS 178 REFERENCES 179
III NUTRIENT AND CARBON FLUXES 183 9 SURFACE WATER CHEMISTRY AND
HYDROLOGY OF A SMALL ARCTIC DRAINAGE BASIN K. R. EVERETT, D. L. KANE,
AND L. D. HINZMAN 185 9.1 INTRODUCTION 185 9.2 WATERSHED INSTRUMENTATION
185 9.3 SNOWMELT PERIOD 187 9.3.1 SNOWMELT HYDROLOGY 187 CONTENTS XI
9.3.2 SNOWMELT CHEMISTRY 189 9.3.2.1 OVERLAND FLOW 189 9.3.2.2 WATER
TRACK FLOW 191 9.3.2.3 IMNAVAIT CREEK FLOW 192 9.4 POST SNOWMELT PERIOD
. 192 9.4.1 ATMOSPHERIC INPUTS 192 9.4.1.1 RAINFALL 193 9.4.1.2 DRY
DEPOSITION 194 9.4.1.3 RIME 195 9.4.2 WATER CHEMISTRY 195 9.4.2.1
OVERLAND FLOW 195 9.4.2.2 ACTIVE LAYER FLOW 196 9.4.2.3 IMNAVAIT CREEK
FLOW 196 9.5 CONCLUSIONS 198 REFERENCES* 200 10 NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY
AND UPTAKE BY TUNDRA PLANTS J. P. SCHIMEL, K. KIELLAND, AND F. S. CHAPIN
HI 203 10.1 INTRODUCTION 203 10.2 CONTROLS ON MINERALIZATION AND
NUTRIENT SUPPLY 203 10.2.1 PATTERNS OF NUTRIENT SUPPLY IN THE SOIL 203
10.2.2 PATTERNS OF MINERALIZATION 204 10.2.3 CONTROLS ON N AND P
MINERALIZATION 205 10.2.4 CONTROLS ON DECOMPOSITION AND MINERALIZATION
206 10.2.4.1 TEMPERATURE 206 10.2.4.1.1 ENZYME ACTIVITIES 206 10.2.4.1.2
MICROBIAL ACTIVITY AT LOW TEMPERATURES 206 10.2.4.1.3 FREEZE-THAW EVENTS
207 10.2.4.2 EFFECTS OF LOW OXYGEN ON MICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND
MINERALIZATION 207 10.2.4.3 SUBSTRATE QUALITY 208 10.3 FATE OF
AVAILABLE NUTRIENTS 208 10.3.1 MICROBIAL NUTRIENT UPTAKE AND COMPETITION
WITH PLANTS ... 209 10.3.2 PLANT UPTAKE 210 10.3.2.1 SOIL FACTORS
CONTROLLING NUTRIENT ABSORPTION 211 10.3.2.2 ROOTING STRATEGIES 212
10.3.2.3 UPTAKE CHARACTERISTICS OF TUNDRA PLANTS 213 10.3.2.4
RETRANSLOCATION VS CURRENT UPTAKE 214 10.4 DISTURBANCES 215 10.4.1
VEHICLE TRACKS 215 10.4.2 ROAD DUST 216 10.4.3 GRAY WATER 217 10.4.4
CLIMATE CHANGE 217 REFERENCES 218 XII CONTENTS 11 LANDSCAPE PATTERNS OF
CARBON DIOXIDE EXCHANGE IN TUNDRA ECOSYTEMS S. F. OBERBAUER, W. CHENG,
C. T. GILLESPIE, B. OSTENDORF, A. SALA, R. GEBAUER, R. A. VIRGINIA, AND
J. D. TENHUNEN 223 11.1 INTRODUCTION 223 11.2 METHODS 224 11.2.1
COMMUNITY TYPES 224 11.2.2 LEAF PHOTOSYNTHESIS 224 11.2.3 ECOSYSTEM
EFFLUX 225 11.2.4 ECOSYSTEM NET CO 2 EXCHANGE 225 11.3 CO 2 UPTAKE 225
11.3.1 FACTORS AFFECTING CO 2 UPTAKE 226 11.3.1.1 LIGHT 226 11.3.1.2
TEMPERATURE 226 11.3.1.3 PHENOLOGY 228 11.3.1.4 WATER AVAILABILITY 229
11.3.1.5 NUTRITION 229 11.3.2 LANDSCAPE PATTERNS IN LEAF PHOTOSYNTHESIS
230 11.4 CO 2 EFFLUX 233 11.4.1 FACTORS AFFECTING CO 2 EFFLUX 233
11.4.1.1 LIVE PLANT BIOMASS 234 11.4.1.2 SOIL QUALITY 234 11.4.1.3 THAW
DEPTH AND DEPTH TO WATER TABLE 236 11.4.1.4 SOIL MOISTURE 238 11.4.1.5
SOIL TEMPERATURE 239 11.4.2 LANDSCAPE PATTERNS OF CO 2 EFFLUX 240 11.4.3
DAILY AND SEASONAL PATTERNS OF CO 2 EFFLUX 244 11.4.4 DUST DEPOSITION
EFFECTS ON CO 2 EFFLUX 245 11.5 LANDSCAPE PATTERNS IN NET CO 2 EXCHANGE
247 11.6 CONCLUSIONS 250 REFERENCES 252 12 CONTROL OF TUNDRA METHANE
EMISSION BY MICROBIAL OXIDATION S. C. WHALEN, W. S. REEBURGH, AND C. E.
REIMERS .. 257 12.1 INTRODUCTION 257 12.2 SAMPLING PROCEDURE 258 12.3
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 260 12.3.1 METHANE FLUX AND ENVIRONMENTAL
VARIABLES IN TUNDRA AND TAIGA 260 12.3.2 PHYSIOLOGY, CONTROLS, AND
POTENTIAL FOR MICROBIAL CH 4 OXIDATION 265 CONTENTS , XIII 12.3.3
METHANE OXIDATION BY TUNDRA SOILS IN A WARMER CLIMATE 270 12.4
CONCLUSIONS 271 REFERENCES 272 13 DYNAMICS OF DISSOLVED AND PARTICULATE
CARBON IN AN ARCTIC STREAM M. W. OSWOOD, J. G. IRONS III, AND D. M.
SCHELL 275 13.1 INTRODUCTION 275 13.2 SITE DESCRIPTION 276 13.2.1
IMNAVAIT CREEK WATERSHED 276 13.2.2 DESCRIPTION OF IMNAVAIT CREEK 276
13.3 FIELD AND LABORATORY PROCEDURES 277 13.4 PHYSICAL REGIME 279 13.5
CARBON IN IMNAVAIT CREEK 280 13.5.1 CONCENTRATIONS 280 13.5.2 TRANSPORT
282 13.5.3 SPATIAL VARIABILITY 283 13.5.4 SEASONAL DYNAMICS 283 13.6
CONCLUSIONS 285 REFERENCES 287 IV MODELING LANDSCAPE FUNCTION 291 14
PATCH AND LANDSCAPE MODELS OF ARCTIC TUNDRA: POTENTIALS AND LIMITATIONS
J. F. REYNOLDS, J. D. TENHUNEN, P. W. LEADLEY, H. LI, D. L. MOORHEAD, B.
OSTENDORF, AND F. S. CHAPIN III ... 293 14.1 INTRODUCTION 293 14.2
MODELING FRAMEWORK ; _ 294 14.2.1 SPATIAL SIMULATION UNITS . 294
14.2.2 TYPES OF MODELS 296 14.3 BOTTOM-UP MODELS 298 14.3.1 ECOSYSTEM
GAS EXCHANGE 298 14.3.1.1 MOTIVATION 298 14.3.1.2 DESCRIPTION 298
14.3.1.3 POTENTIALS AND LIMITATIONS 301 14.3.2 PLANT GROWTH 302 14.3.2.1
MOTIVATION 302 14.3.2.2 DESCRIPTION 303 14.3.2.3 POTENTIALS AND
LIMITATIONS 304 14.3.3 NITROGEN UPTAKE 306 14.3.3.1 MOTIVATION 306
14.3.3.2 DESCRIPTION 306 XIV . . CONTENTS 14.3.3.3 POTENTIALS AND
LIMITATIONS 307 14.3.4 DECOMPOSITION 307 14.3.4.1 MOTIVATION 307
14.3.4.2 DESCRIPTION 308 14.3.4.3 POTENTIALS AND LIMITATIONS 309 14.4
TOP-DOWN MODELS 311 14.4.1 HYDROLOGIC TRANSPORT 311 14.4.1.1 MOTIVATION
311 14.4.1.2 DESCRIPTION 312 14.4.1.3 POTENTIALS AND LIMITATIONS 313
14.4.2 TOPOGRAPHICALLY DERIVED VEGETATION MODEL 315 14.4.2.1 MOTIVATION
315 14.4.2.2 DESCRIPTION 315 14.4.2.3 POTENTIALS AND LIMITATIONS 316
14.5 CONCLUSIONS 318 REFERENCES 319 15 MODELING DRY DEPOSITION OF DUST
ALONG THE DALTON HIGHWAY R. LAMPRECHT AND W. GRABER 325 15.1
INTRODUCTION 325 15.2 MODEL FUNDAMENTALS 325 15.3 MODELING HEAVY
PARTICLE DISPERSION 329 15.4 ESTIMATION OF ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY LAYER
PARAMETERS ... 330 15.5 DUST CHARACTERIZATION AND MASS TRANSFER THROUGH
THE ATMOSPHERE 333 15.6 THEORY OF PARTICLE DRY DEPOSITION INTO
VEGETATION 335 15.7 NUMERICAL RESULTS 339 15.8 CONCLUSIONS 343
REFERENCES 343 16 MODELING DECOMPOSITION IN ARCTIC ECOSYSTEMS D. L.
MOORHEAD AND J. F. REYNOLDS 347 16.1 INTRODUCTION 347 16.2 CONTROLS ON
DECOMPOSITION 347 16.3 ARCTIC DECOMPOSITION MODELS 350 16.3.1 ABISKO 351
16.3.2 ARTUS 352 16.3.3 BARK 353 16.3.4 GENDEC 354 16.3.4.1 GENERAL
DESCRIPTION 354 16.3.4.2 VALIDATION 355 16.4 MODEL COMPARISONS 357 16.5
EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES 359 CONTENTS . XV 16.5.1 CLIMATE CHANGE
359 16.5.2 EFFECTS OF ELEVATED CO 2 360 16.5.3 IMPACTS OF ROAD DUST
DEPOSITION 360 16.5.4 TUSSOCK PHOSPHORUS DYNAMICS 361 16.6 CONCLUSIONS
362 REFERENCES 363 17 HYDROLOGICAL CONTROLS ON ECOSYSTEM GAS EXCHANGE IN
AN ARCTIC LANDSCAPE B. OSTENDORF, P. QUINN, K. BEVEN, AND J. D. TENHUNEN
369 17.1 INTRODUCTION 369 17.2 DESCRIPTION OF MODELS 370 17.2.1
COMMUNITY GAS EXCHANGE 370 17.2.2 SPATIAL VARIATION IN WATER
AVAILABILITY 371 17.3 COUPLING OF HYDROLOGY AND ECOSYSTEM GAS EXCHANGE
374 17.3.1 VEGETATION DISTRIBUTION 374 17.3.2 SPATIAL VARIATION IN WATER
TABLE 375 17.4 WATER BALANCE AND SEASONAL CHANGES IN WATER FLUXES 376
17.4.1 EVAPOTRANSPIRATION 376 17.4.2 DISCHARGE 377 17.4.3 INTERCEPTION
AND SURFACE WATER RETENTION 379 17.5 CARBON BALANCE AND SEASONAL CHANGES
IN CARBON FLUXES ... 379 17.5.1 PREDICTED WATER TABLE AND SOIL
RESPIRATION 379 17.5.2 PREDICTED WATERSHED LEVEL NET CO 2 BALANCE 380
17.6 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS 382 REFERENCES 384 18 ROAD-RELATED
DISTURBANCES IN AN ARCTIC WATERSHED: ANALYSES BY A SPATIALLY EXPLICIT
MODEL OF VEGETATION AND ECOSYSTEM PROCESSES P. W. LEADLEY, H. LI, B.
OSTENDORF, AND J. F. REYNOLDS 387 18.1 INTRODUCTION 387 18.2
ENVIRONMENTAL GRADIENTS AND VEGETATION DISTRIBUTION 388 18.2.1
VEGETATION AND TOPOGRAPHY 388 18.2.2 ROLE OF WATER AND LIGHT 389 18.2.3
ROLE OF NUTRIENTS 389 18.3 DESCRIPTION OF MODEL 390 18.3.1 OVERVIEW 390
18.3.1.1 T-HYDRO 390 18.3.1.2 T-VEG 393 18.3.1.3 T-NUT 393 18.3.1.4
T-PLT 394 XVI CONTENTS 18.3.2 DISTURBANCE SCENARIOS 396 18.3.2.1 EFFECTS
OF ALTERING DISCHARGE 396 18.3.2.2 EFFECTS OF ROAD DUST 397 18.3.3 MODEL
VALIDATION AND LIMITATIONS 398 18.4 MODEL PREDICTIONS FOR UNDISTURBED
WATERSHED * 398 18.4.1 VEGETATION 398 18.4.2 DISCHARGE 400 18.4.3 N
AVAILABILITY AND NPP 400 18.4.4 MODEL EVALUATION 401 18.5 MODEL
PREDICTIONS FOR DISTURBED WATERSHED 402 18.5.1 DISCHARGE DISTURBANCE 402
18.5.1.1 ROAD#L 402 18.5.1.2 ROAD #2 404 18.5.1.3 ROADS #3 AND #4 406
18.5.2 DUST AND DISCHARGE DISTURBANCE 406 18.5.3 EFFECT OF DISTURBANCE
ON SPATIAL PATTERNS 407 18.6 DISCUSSION 408 18.6.1 MODEL COMPARISONS 408
18.6.2 PATTERNS OF N AVAILABILITY 409 18.6.3 EXTRAPOLATION POTENTIAL:
SOME CAUTIONARY NOTES 411 18.7 CONCLUSIONS 412 REFERENCES 413 V SUMMARY
417 19 ECOSYSTEM RESPONSE, RESISTANCE, RESILIENCE, AND RECOVERY IN
ARCTIC LANDSCAPES: PROGRESS AND PROSPECTS J. D. TENHUNEN AND }. F.
REYNOLDS 419 19.1 THE NRC TASKS AND R4D ACCOMPLISHMENTS 419 19.2
CONCLUSION 425 REFERENCES 426 SUBJECT INDEX : 429
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV010483982 |
| classification_rvk | RU 60525 RY 24525 WI 1300 |
| classification_tum | GEO 038f UMW 012f GEO 282f BIO 144f |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)180344503 (DE-599)BVBBV010483982 |
| dewey-full | 574.5/2644/097987 |
| dewey-hundreds | 500 - Natural sciences and mathematics |
| dewey-ones | 574 - [Unassigned] |
| dewey-raw | 574.5/2644/097987 |
| dewey-search | 574.5/2644/097987 |
| dewey-sort | 3574.5 42644 597987 |
| dewey-tens | 570 - Biology |
| discipline | Geowissenschaften Biologie Umwelt Geographie |
| format | Book |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>02533nam a2200649 cb4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV010483982</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">19960709 </controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">951113s1996 gw |||| 00||| ger d</controlfield><datafield tag="016" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">944786031</subfield><subfield code="2">DE-101</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">3540592636</subfield><subfield code="c">Pp. : DM 198.00</subfield><subfield code="9">3-540-59263-6</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)180344503</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV010483982</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rakddb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ger</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="044" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">gw</subfield><subfield code="c">DE</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-M49</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-703</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-739</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-20</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-83</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-11</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-188</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">574.5/2644/097987</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">RU 60525</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)142518:12763</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">RY 24525</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)142545:12763</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">WI 1300</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)148755:</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GEO 038f</subfield><subfield code="2">stub</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">UMW 012f</subfield><subfield code="2">stub</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GEO 282f</subfield><subfield code="2">stub</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">BIO 144f</subfield><subfield code="2">stub</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Landscape function and disturbance in arctic tundra</subfield><subfield code="b">with 47 tables</subfield><subfield code="c">James F. Reynolds ... (eds.)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Berlin [u.a.]</subfield><subfield code="b">Springer</subfield><subfield code="c">1996</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">XX, 437 S. . Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="490" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Ecological studies</subfield><subfield code="v">120</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Ökosystem</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4043216-6</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Anthropogener Einfluss</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4327906-5</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Tundra</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4061205-3</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Landschaftsschaden</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4130864-5</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Arctique</subfield><subfield code="2">rero</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Arktis</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4002924-4</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Alaska</subfield><subfield code="z">Nord</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4311951-7</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Alaska</subfield><subfield code="z">Nord</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4311951-7</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Tundra</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4061205-3</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Ökosystem</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4043216-6</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="3"><subfield code="a">Landschaftsschaden</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4130864-5</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Arktis</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4002924-4</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Tundra</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4061205-3</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Ökosystem</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4043216-6</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="2" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Alaska</subfield><subfield code="z">Nord</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4311951-7</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="2" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Ökosystem</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4043216-6</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="2" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Anthropogener Einfluss</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4327906-5</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="2" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Reynolds, James F.</subfield><subfield code="e">Sonstige</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="830" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Ecological studies</subfield><subfield code="v">120</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-604)BV000004586</subfield><subfield code="9">120</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">GBV Datenaustausch</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006986782&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-006986782</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| geographic | Arctique rero Arktis (DE-588)4002924-4 gnd Alaska Nord (DE-588)4311951-7 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Arctique Arktis Alaska Nord |
| id | DE-604.BV010483982 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T17:53:17Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 3540592636 |
| language | German |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-006986782 |
| oclc_num | 180344503 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-M49 DE-BY-TUM DE-12 DE-703 DE-739 DE-20 DE-83 DE-11 DE-188 |
| owner_facet | DE-M49 DE-BY-TUM DE-12 DE-703 DE-739 DE-20 DE-83 DE-11 DE-188 |
| physical | XX, 437 S. . Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| publishDate | 1996 |
| publishDateSearch | 1996 |
| publishDateSort | 1996 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Ecological studies |
| series2 | Ecological studies |
| spelling | Landscape function and disturbance in arctic tundra with 47 tables James F. Reynolds ... (eds.) Berlin [u.a.] Springer 1996 XX, 437 S. . Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Ecological studies 120 Ökosystem (DE-588)4043216-6 gnd rswk-swf Anthropogener Einfluss (DE-588)4327906-5 gnd rswk-swf Tundra (DE-588)4061205-3 gnd rswk-swf Landschaftsschaden (DE-588)4130864-5 gnd rswk-swf Arctique rero Arktis (DE-588)4002924-4 gnd rswk-swf Alaska Nord (DE-588)4311951-7 gnd rswk-swf Alaska Nord (DE-588)4311951-7 g Tundra (DE-588)4061205-3 s Ökosystem (DE-588)4043216-6 s Landschaftsschaden (DE-588)4130864-5 s DE-604 Arktis (DE-588)4002924-4 g Anthropogener Einfluss (DE-588)4327906-5 s Reynolds, James F. Sonstige oth Ecological studies 120 (DE-604)BV000004586 120 GBV Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006986782&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Landscape function and disturbance in arctic tundra with 47 tables Ecological studies Ökosystem (DE-588)4043216-6 gnd Anthropogener Einfluss (DE-588)4327906-5 gnd Tundra (DE-588)4061205-3 gnd Landschaftsschaden (DE-588)4130864-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4043216-6 (DE-588)4327906-5 (DE-588)4061205-3 (DE-588)4130864-5 (DE-588)4002924-4 (DE-588)4311951-7 |
| title | Landscape function and disturbance in arctic tundra with 47 tables |
| title_auth | Landscape function and disturbance in arctic tundra with 47 tables |
| title_exact_search | Landscape function and disturbance in arctic tundra with 47 tables |
| title_full | Landscape function and disturbance in arctic tundra with 47 tables James F. Reynolds ... (eds.) |
| title_fullStr | Landscape function and disturbance in arctic tundra with 47 tables James F. Reynolds ... (eds.) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Landscape function and disturbance in arctic tundra with 47 tables James F. Reynolds ... (eds.) |
| title_short | Landscape function and disturbance in arctic tundra |
| title_sort | landscape function and disturbance in arctic tundra with 47 tables |
| title_sub | with 47 tables |
| topic | Ökosystem (DE-588)4043216-6 gnd Anthropogener Einfluss (DE-588)4327906-5 gnd Tundra (DE-588)4061205-3 gnd Landschaftsschaden (DE-588)4130864-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Ökosystem Anthropogener Einfluss Tundra Landschaftsschaden Arctique Arktis Alaska Nord |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006986782&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV000004586 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT reynoldsjamesf landscapefunctionanddisturbanceinarctictundrawith47tables |