Holdings: Diuretics :: THWS Bibkatalog

Diuretics: [with 32 tables]

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Bibliographic Details
Format:	Book
Language:	English
Published:	Berlin [u.a.] Springer 1995
Series:	Handbook of experimental pharmacology 117
Subjects:	Diuretica Diuretics Diuretikum
Online Access:	Inhaltsverzeichnis
Physical Description:	XXI, 517 S. Ill., graph. Darst.
ISBN:	3540589651 0387589651

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MARC


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245	1	0	\|a Diuretics \|b [with 32 tables] \|c contributors O. S. Better ... Ed. R. F. Greger ...
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Record in the Search Index

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adam_text	2 - P J: - A - C? 0 0 2^3 F-OS-F 9 DIURETIC S CONTRIBUTORS O.S. BETTER, A . BUSCH, J. D0RUP , H . ENDOU , R. GREGER W.G. GUDER, M. HOSOYAMADA, M. HROPOT , B . KAISSLING T.R. KLEYMAN, H . KNAUF, F . LANG, H.-J. LANG, W. MOHRKE E. MUTSCHLER, T. NETZER, L.G . PALMER, J.B . PUSCHETT I. RUBINSTEIN, M. SCHMOLKE, F . ULLRICH, KJ . ULLRICH H. VELAZQUEZ, J. WINAVER EDITORS R.F . GREGER , H . KNAUF AND E . MUTSCHLER SPRINGE R -YY CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF THE KIDNEY B . KAISSLING AND J. DORUP. WITH 20 FIGURES 1 A . STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE KIDNEY 1 I. MICROANATOMY OF THE KIDNEY 1 1. NEPHRON 1 2. CORTEX 4 3. MEDULLA 4 4. KIDNEY SIZE 6 II . RENAL VASCULATURE 6 1. ARTERIES AND ARTERIOLES 6 2. CORTICAL AND MEDULLARY CAPILLARY PLEXUS 6 3. VENOUS DRAINAGE OF CORTEX AND MEDULLA 7 4. WALL STRUCTURE OF RENAL VESSELS 8 III. INTERSTITIUM, LYMPHATICS AND RENAL NERVES 8 1. PERIARTERIAL INTERSTITIUM 10 2. PERITUBULAR INTERSTITIUM 10 IV. RENAL CORPUSCLE 11 1. ORGANIZATION 11 2. MESANGIUM 12 3. GLOMERULAR CAPILLARIES 12 4. FILTRATION BARRIER 15 V. JUXTAGLOMERULAR APPARATUS 15 1. GRANULAR CELLS 16 2. EXTRAGLOMERULAR MESANGIUM 16 3. MACULA DENSA 16 B. GENERAL ORGANIZATION OF RENAL EPITHELIA AND CORRELATION WITH TRANSPORT 17 I. POLARITY OF EPITHELIA 17 1. TRANSPORT PATHWAYS 17 II . ORGANIZATION OF EPITHELIAL SURFACES 19 1. BASOLATERAL DOMAIN 19 2. APICAL DOMAIN 20 III. CORRELATION OF STRUCTURE WITH NA + TRANSPORT RATES 21 XV CONTENT S C. NEPHRON AND COLLECTING DUCT STRUCTURE 23 I. PROXIMAL TUBULE 23 II . LOOP OF HENLE 26 1. ORGANIZATION AND HISTOTOPOGRAPHY 26 2. INTERMEDIATE TUBULE 26 3. THICK ASCENDING LIMB (STRAIGHT DISTAL TUBULE) 28 4. MACULA DENSA 30 III. CORTICAL DISTAL SEGMENTS 32 1. STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION 32 2. DISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE 35 3. CONNECTING TUBULE 37 IV. COLLECTING DUCTS 40 1. ORGANIZATION 40 2. CORTICAL COLLECTING DUCT CELLS 40 3 . INNER MEDULLARY COLLECTING DUCT CELLS 42 4. INTERCALATED CELLS 43 D . ALTERATIONS OF MORPHOLOGY IN ELECTROLYTE DISTURBANCES 44 I. ACUTE CHANGES IN TRANSPORT RATES 45 1. MECHANISM 45 2. MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH ACUTE CHANGES IN TRANSPORT RATES 45 II . CHRONIC ALTERATION OF NA + TRANSPORT RATES 46 1. MECHANISM 46 2. TIME COURSE OF STRUCTURAL CHANGES 46 III . ADAPTATION OF PROXIMAL TUBULE 47 1. CHANGES IN.GFR 47 2. DIABETES MELLITUS 47 3. REDUCTION OF RENAL CELL MASS 47 IV. ADAPTATION OF THICK ASCENDING LIMB OF HENLE S LOOP 47 1. VARIATION OF AD H PLASMA LEVELS 48 2. VARIATION OF PROTEIN INTAKE 48 V. ADAPTATION OF DISTAL SEGMENTS AND COLLECTING DUCT 48 1. ROLE OF TUBULAR NA + LOAD 49 2. ROLE OF STEROID HORMONES 51 3 . ROLE OF POTASSIUM INTAKE 51 4. STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN INTERCALATED CELLS 52 REFERENCES 55 CHAPTER 2 BASIC CONCEPTS OF RENAL PHYSIOLOGY F . LANG AND A . BUSCH. WITH 17 FIGURES 67 A. INTRODUCTION 67 B . RENAL BLOOD FLOW AND GLOMERULAR FILTRATION 67 I. PRESSURES AND RESISTANCES IN RENAL VASCULAR SEGMENTS 68 CONTENTS XI II . INTRARENAL BLOOD FLOW DISTRIBUTION 69 III . PERMEABILITY-SELECTIVITY OF THE GLOMERULAR FILTER 70 IV. DETERMINANTS OF RENAL GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE 71 V. AUTOREGULATION OF RENAL BLOOD FLOW AND GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE 74 VI. HORMONAL REGULATION OF RENAL BLOOD FLOW AND GLOMERULAR FILTRATION 75 C. RENAL TUBULAR TRANSPORT 76 I. DRIVING FORCES FOR EPITHELIAL TRANSPORT 76 1. WATER TRANSPORT 76 2. SOLVENT DRAG 77 3. DIFFUSION 77 4. ACTIVE TRANSPORT 78 II . SATURABILITY OF EPITHELIAL TRANSPORT PROCESSES 79 1. MICHEALIS-MENTEN KINETICS 79 2. TRANSPORT KINETICS OF WHOLE KIDNEY 80 III . SEGMENTAL ORGANIZATION OF RENAL EPITHELIAL TRANSPORT 82 1. PROXIMAL TUBULE 84 2. LOOP OF HENLE 87 3. DISTAL TUBULE AND COLLECTING DUCT 89 IV. URINARY CONCENTRATING MECHANISM 91 D . REGULATION OF RENAL WATER AND ELECTROLYTE EXCRETION 93 I. WATER 93 II . NA + 95 III . BICARBONATE AND HYDROGEN IONS 96 IV. K + 98 V. MG 2 + 100 VI. CALCIUM PHOSPHATE 101 REFERENCES 104 CHAPTER 3 RENAL ENERGY METABOLISM W.G. GUDER AND M. SCHMOLKE. WITH 7 FIGURES 115 A . INTRODUCTION 115 B. MECHANISMS OF RENAL ATP FORMATION 115 I. SUBSTRATE-LINKED ATP FORMATION 117 1. GLYCOLYSIS 117 2. OTHER MECHANISMS 117 II . OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION 119 1. COUPLING TO OXYGEN CONSUMPTION 119 2. CITRIC ACID CYCLE 120 C. METABOLIC SUBSTRATES OF RENAL ENERGY METABOLISM 123 I. GLUCOSE AND LACTATE 123 II. FATTY ACIDS 124 XII CONTENTS III . KETONE BODIES 127 IV. AMINO ACIDS 129 V. SUBSTRATE INTERACTIONS 130 VI. CONTRIBUTION OF INDIVIDUAL SUBSTRATES TO WHOLE KIDNEY ENERGY TURNOVER 130 D . REGULATION OF ATP IN TUBULE CELLS 131 I. COMPARTMENTATION 131 II . ATP TURNOVER 131 III . ENERGY-CONSUMING MECHANISMS 132 1. TRANSPORT ATPASES 132 2. METABOLIC PROCESSES 134 E . INTERACTION OF DIURETIC SUBSTANCES WITH RENAL ENERGY METABOLISM 134 I. PROXIMAL TUBULE 134 II . THICK ASCENDING LIMB OF HENLE S LOOP 135 III . COLLECTING TUBULE 135 REFERENCES 135 CHAPTE R 4 DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT OF DIURETIC AGENTS H.-J. LANG AND M. HROPOT. WITH 23 FIGURES 141 A . INTRODUCTION 141 B . XANTHINE DERIVATIVES 141 C. OSMOTIC DIURETICS 143 D . MERCURIAL DIURETICS 144 E . CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS 145 F. SULFONAMIDE DIURETICS 146 I. BENZOTHIADIAZINES AND RELATED COMPOUNDS 146 II . SULFAMOYLBENZOIC ACID DERIVATIVES 148 G. NONSULFONAMIDE DIURETICS 151 I. PHENOXYACETIC ACID DERIVATIVES 151 II . POTASSIUM-RETAINING DIURETICS 151 1. ALDOSTERONE ANTAGONISTS 151 2. PTERIDINES AND PYRAZINE DERIVATIVES 152 H . SO-CALLED POLYVALENT DIURETICS 153 I. LOOP DIURETICS WITH PROLONGED DURATION OF ACTION 153 II . SALURETICS WITH EUKALEMIC PROPERTIES 155 III . DIURETICS IMPROVING RENAL FUNCTION: DOPAMINE AGONISTS .. . 157 IV. DIURETICS WITH URICOSURIC ACTIVITY 157 V. AVOIDANCE OF ADVERSE EFFECTS ON SERUM LIPIDS AND BLOOD GLUCOSE 159 VI. DIURETICS WITH PREDOMINANT CARDIOVASCULAR ACTIVITY 161 I. AQUARETICS 163 CONTENTS XIII J. NEW ASPECTS: ION TRANSPORT MODULATORS 166 REFERENCES 168 CHAPTE R 5 METABOLISM OF DIURETICS W. MOHRKE AND F . ULLRICH. WITH 19 FIGURES 173 A . INTRODUCTION 173 B . BIOTRANSFORMATION 173 C. PATTERNS OF BIOTRANSFORMATION 175 D . BIOTRANSFORMATION OF DIURETICS 177 I. CARBOANHYDRASE INHIBITORS 177 1. ACETAZOLAMIDE 177 II . LOOP DIURETICS 177 1. FUROSEMIDE 177 2. BUMETANIDE 179 3. PIRETANIDE 181 4. AZOSEMIDE 181 5. ETOZOLIN 182 6. TORASEMIDE 184 7. ETHACRYNIC ACID 185 III. THIAZIDE AND THIAZIDE-TYPE DIURETICS 187 1. BENDROFLUAZIDE 187 2. CHLOROTHIAZIDE 187 3. CHLORTHALIDONE 188 4. HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE 188 5. HYDROFLUMETHIAZIDE 188 6. INDAPAMIDE 189 7. MEFRUSIDE 190 8. XIPAMIDE 191 IV. POTASSIUM-SPARING DIURETICS 191 1. AMILORIDE 191 2. TRIAMTERENE 192 3. SPIRONOLACTONE AND POTASSIUM CANRENOATE 193 REFERENCES 196 CHAPTE R 6 INTERACTION OF DIURETICS WITH TRANSPORT SYSTEMS IN THE PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULE K.J. ULLRICH. WITH 2 FIGURES 201 A . INTRODUCTION 201 B . TRANSPORT SYSTEM FOR HYDROPHOBIC ORGANIC ANIONS (/WA-AMINOHIPPURATE ) 202 XIV CONTENTS C. TRANSPORT SYSTEMS FOR ORGANIC CATIONS 204 D . TRANSPORT SYSTEMS FOR SULFATE 205 E . TRANSPORT SYSTEMS FOR DICARBOXYLATES 206 F . INTERACTION OF DIURETICS WITH THE DIFFERENT PROXIMAL TRANSPORT SYSTEMS 206 I. SULFONAMIDE/THIAZIDE DERIVATIVES 207 II . THIAZOLIDINE, AMINOPYRAZOL AND PYRAZOLIDINE DERIVATIVES 212 III. ARYLAMINE-PYRIDINECARBOXYLATE AND ARYLAMINE-PYRIDINE SULFONYLUREA DERIVATIVES 213 IV. PHENOXYACETIC ACID DERIVATIVES 213 V. PYRAZINOYL-GUANIDINE DERIVATIVES, PYRAZINOYL-AMINOMETHYLPHENOL DERIVATIVES 214 VI. PTERIDINE DERIVATIVES 214 VII. ALDOSTERONE ANTAGONISTS 215 G. HOW DOES METABOLIC TRANSFORMATION CHANGE THE INTERACTION WITH THE TRANSPORT SYSTEMS FOR ORGANIC ANIONS AND CATIONS? 215 REFERENCES 216 CHAPTER 7 LOOP DIURETICS R. GREGER. WITH 23 FIGURES 221 A . INTRODUCTION ; 221 B . THE HETEROGENEOUS GROUP OF LOOP DIURETICS 222 C. ORGANOTROPY OF LOOP DIURETICS 223 D . SALURETIC AND DIURETIC EFFECTS OF LOOP DIURETICS AND CELLULAR MECHANISMS 225 I. LUMINAL K + CONDUCTANCE 228 II . FUROSEMIDE-SENSITIVE NA + 2C1~K + COTRANSPORTER 230 III. ROLE OF THE BASOLATERALLY LOCALIZED (NA + + K + )-ATPASE 232 IV. METABOLIC CONTROL OF NACL REABSORPTION IN THE TAL 234 V. CL CHANNEL AND ITS INHIBITION 236 VI. LOOP DIURETICS RELATED TO FUROSEMIDE 238 VII. LOOP DIURETICS NOT RELATED TO FUROSEMIDE 241 E . EFFECTS OF LOOP DIURETICS IN THE INTACT KIDNEY 241 I. MACULA DENSA SEGMENT 244 II . EXCRETION OF K + 246 III. EXCRETION OF NH 4 + 248 IV. EXCRETION OF H + AND HCO 3 ~ 248 V. EXCRETION OF CA 2 + AND MG 2 + 249 VI. EXCRETION OF LI + 249 VII. EXCRETION OF URATE 250 VIII. PHOSPHATURIC EFFECT 250 CONTENTS XV F. EFFECT OF LOOP DIURETICS ON OTHER ORGANS 251 I. OTOTOXIC EFFECTS 251 II . ASTHMA 251 III. PRELOAD TO THE HEART 252 IV. GLUCOSE METABOLISM 252 G. PHARMACOKINETICS 253 I. ETHACRYNIC ACID 253 II. INDACRINONE 254 III. FUROSEMIDE 254 IV. PIRETANIDE 254 V. BUMETANIDE 255 VI. TORASEMIDE 255 VII. AZOSEMIDE 256 VIII. ETOZOLIN AND MUZOLIMINE 256 H . PHARMACOKINETICS AND PHARMACODYNAMICS 257 I. CLINICAL USES 260 I. HYPERTENSION 260 II . CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE AND LUNG EDEMA 261 III. ASCITES 261 IV. EDEMATOUS STATES IN NEPHROTIC SYNDROME 262 V. CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE 262 VI. OTHER INDICATIONS 263 J. ADVERSE EFFECTS 264 I. HYPOKALEMIA 264 II . HYPONATREMIA 264 III. HYPOCALCEMIA 265 IV. HYPOMAGNESEMIA 265 V. METABOLIC ALKALOSIS 265 VI. HYPERLIPIDEMIA 265 VII. HYPERGLYCEMIA AND DIABETOGENIC EFFECTS 266 VIII. HYPERURICEMIA 266 IX. MALE IMPOTENCE 266 X. OTOTOXICITY 267 REFERENCES 267 CHAPTER 8 THIAZIDE DIURETICS H. VELAZQUEZ, H . KNAUF, AND E . MUTSCHLER. WITH 13 FIGURES 275 A. INTRODUCTION 275 B. CHEMICAL STRUCTURES 275 C. PHARMACOKINETICS 277 I. PROTEIN BINDING 279 II . RENAL EXCRETION 279 XVI CONTENTS D . PHARMACODYNAMICS 280 I. THIAZIDE-SENSITIVE SYSTEMS 280 1. NA + CL ~ COTRANSPORT 280 2. CR/HCO 3 EXCHANGE 283 3 . OTHER MECHANISMS 284 II . THIAZIDE BINDING T O TRANSPORTER PROTEINS 285 III. CLONING THE THIAZIDE DIURETIC RECEPTOR 287 IV. RENAL ACTIONS 287 1. PROXIMAL EFFECTS 288 2. DISTAL EFFECTS 289 3. EFFECTS ON RENAL SALT AND WATER EXCRETION 298 4. EFFECTS ON RENAL K + EXCRETION 300 5. EFFECTS ON RENAL CA 2 + EXCRETION 301 E . PHARMACOKINETICS IN DISEASE STATES 301 I. CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE 302 II . LIVER DISEASE 304 F . SALURETIC EFFECTS OF THIAZIDES 307 I. EFFECTS IN HEALTHY CONTROLS : 307 II . RESPONSES IN RENAL FAILURE 309 III . COADMINISTRATION WITH LOOP DIURETICS IN RENAL FAILURE 309 IV. COADMINISTRATION WITH OTHER DIURETICS IN EDEMATOUS STATES WITH NORMAL KIDNEY FUNCTION 313 G. DIURETICS IN NONEDEMATOUS STATES 314 I. HYPERTENSION 314 II . DIABETES INSIPIDUS 317 III . NEPHROLITHIASIS 318 H . SIDE EFFECTS OF DIURETIC THERAPY 318 I. HYPOKALEMIA 318 II . MG 2 + DEPLETION 318 III . HYPONATREMIA 319 IV. HYPERURICEMIA 319 V. HYPERGLYCEMIA 319 VI. HYPERLIPIDEMIA 319 VII. ALLERGY 320 VIII . ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION 320 I. DRUG COMBINATIONS 320 REFERENCES 321 CHAPTER 9 POTASSIUM-RETAINING DIURETICS: ALDOSTERONE ANTAGONISTS H . ENDOU AND M. HOSOYAMADA. WITH 4 FIGURES 335 A . CHEMICAL STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES, STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS OF ALDOSTERONE ANTAGONISTS 335 CONTENTS XVII I. INTRODUCTION 335 II. CHEMICAL STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES 337 1. MODIFICATIONS OF 17A SIDE CHAIN: SC COMPOUNDS 337 2. STRUCTURAL MODIFICATION OF RING B : RU26752 AND RU28318 339 3. STRUCTURAL MODIFICATION OF RING C: MESPIRENONE (ZK94679) AND ZK91587 339 4. RECENT STRUCTURAL MODIFICATIONS 339 III. STEROIDOGENESIS INHIBITORS AND SECRETION INHIBITORS 339 B. PHARMACODYNAMICS 340 I. RENAL EFFECTS 340 1. INCREASE IN URINARY SODIUM-POTASSIUM RATIO 340 2. TARGET NEPHRON SEGMENTS: CCT AND OMCT, AND OTHER SEGMENTS 340 3. INTRACELLULAR MECHANISM OF ALDOSTERONE ANTAGONISTS 341 II . EXTRARENAL EFFECTS 342 1. TISSUE DISTRIBUTION OF TYPE I RECEPTORS 342 2. CROSS-REACTIVITY WITH THE GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTORS 342 3. EPITHELIA 342 4. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 343 5. CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM 343 6. STEROIDOGENESIS INHIBITION 344 7. ANTIANDROGEN EFFECTS 344 C. PHARMACOKINETICS 345 I. ABSORPTION 345 II . PLASMA CONCENTRATIONS 345 III. METABOLISM 345 1. SPIRONOLACTONE AND CANRENOATE 345 2. SPIRONOLACTONE AND CYTOCHROME P450 DESTRUCTION 347 IV. EXCRETION 347 D . THERAPEUTIC USE (INDICATIONS, DOSAGE, CONTRAINDICATIONS) 347 I. INDICATIONS 347 1. CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE 348 2. LIVER CIRRHOSIS 348 3. NEPHROTIC SYNDROME 348 4. HYPERTENSION 349 5. ENDOCRINE DISORDERS 349 6. OTHER DISORDERS 349 II . DOSAGE 350 III. CONTRAINDICATIONS 350 E . SIDE EFFECTS AND TOXICOLOGY 350 I. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS 350 II . MAIN SIDE EFFECTS 351 1. HYPONATREMIA, HYPERKALEMIA AND ACID-BASE DISTURBANCES 351 XVIII CONTENTS 2. SEXUAL FUNCTIONS AND ENDOCRINE DISORDERS 351 3. CARCINOGENICITY 351 4. ALLERGY 352 5. CALCIUM CHANNEL ANTAGONISM 352 F . DRUG INTERACTIONS 352 I. ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS 352 II . AMMONIUM CHLORIDE 352 III. ASPIRIN 352 IV. CYCLOSPORIN A 353 V. DIGITOXIN 353 VI. DIGOXIN 353 VII. FLUDROCORTISONE 354 VIII. MERCURIALS 354 IX. MITOTANE 354 X. ANALGESICS 355 XI. WARFARIN 355 REFERENCES 355 CHAPTER 10 POTASSIUM-RETAINING DIURETICS: AMILORIDE L.G. PALMER AND T.R. KLEYMAN. WITH 7 FIGURES 363 A . INTRODUCTION 363 B . STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RELATIONSHIPS 364 I. GUANIDINIUM SUBSTITUTIONS 365 II . 6-POSITION RING SUBSTITUTIONS 366 III. 5-POSITION RING SUBSTITUTIONS 367 C. PHARMACODYNAMICS 367 I. SITES OF ACTION: NA + TRANSPORT 367 1. GENERAL 367 2. WITHIN THE KIDNEY 369 3 . OTHER EPITHELIA 371 II. EFFECTS ON TRANSPORT OF K + AND OTHER IONS 372 III. EFFECTS ON OTHER CELLULAR PROCESSES 374 IV. INTERACTIONS WITH THE EPITHELIAL NA + CHANNELS 375 1. STOICHIOMETRY 375 2. RATE CONSTANTS 376 3. COMPETITION WITH NA + 378 4. FEEDBACK RESPONSE TO AMILORIDE 380 5. DIVALENT CATION REQUIREMENTS 380 6. MODEL FOR AMILORIDE BLOCK 381 D . PHARMACOKINETICS 383 E . THERAPEUTIC USE 385 F . SIDE EFFECTS AND TOXICITY 387 CONTENTS XIX G. DRUG INTERACTIONS 388 REFERENCES 388 CHAPTER 11 POTASSIUM-RETAINING DIURETICS: TRIAMTERENE T. NETZER, F . ULLRICH, H. KNAUF, AND E. MUTSCHLER. WITH 13 FIGURES 395 A . CHEMICAL STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES 395 B . PHARMACODYNAMICS 395 I. RENAL EFFECTS 395 1. STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS OF PTERIDINE DERIVATIVES 395 2. TRIAMTERENE 402 II . CARDIAC EFFECTS 405 1. STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS 405 2. TRIAMTERENE 408 III. EFFECTS ON DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE 409 C. PHARMACOKINETICS 409 I . METABOLISM IN MAN 409 II . PHARMACOKINETICS IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS 409 III. PHARMACOKINETICS IN PATIENTS WITH LIVER DISEASE 411 IV. PHARMACOKINETICS IN PATIENTS WITH RENAL DISEASE 412 V. PHARMACOKINETICS IN THE ELDERLY 413 D . THERAPEUTIC USE 414 I. INDICATIONS 414 II . DOSAGE 415 III. SIDE EFFECTS 415 IV. CONTRAINDICATIONS 416 V. DRUG INTERACTIONS 416 E . TOXICITY 417 REFERENCES 417 CHAPTER 12 OSMOTIC DIURETICS: MANNITOL O.S. BETTER, I. RUBINSTEIN, AND J. WINAVER. WITH 3 FIGURES 423 A. INTRODUCTION 423 B . RENAL EFFECTS 424 I. RENAL HEMODYNAMIC ACTIONS 425 II . GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE 426 III. TUBULAR SALT AND WATER REABSORPTION 428 1. PROXIMAL NEPHRON 429 XX.. CONTENTS 2. LOOP OF HENLE 429 3. DISTAL TUBULE AND COLLECTING DUCT 431 IV. TRANSPORT OF OTHER IONS 431 V. URINARY CONCENTRATION AND DILUTION 432 VI. MISCELLANEOUS EFFECTS 433 C. BENEFICIAL EXTRARENAL EFFECTS OF HYPERTONIC MANNITOL 434 D . EFFECTS ON THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 436 E . CLINICAL USE 437 I. CLINICAL APPLICATIONS 437 II . PHARMACOKINETICS 437 III. DOSAGE 438 IV. PRECAUTIONS 438 V. ADVERSE REACTIONS 438 VI. CONTRAINDICATIONS 438 REFERENCES 439 CHAPTER 13 CLINICAL USES OF DIURETICS J.B . PUSCHETT. WITH 13 FIGURES 443 A . INTRODUCTION 443 B . PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF DIURETIC ACTION AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS OF PHYSIOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES 443 I. PROXIMAL TUBULE 447 II . LOOP OF HENLE 451 III . EARLY PORTION OF THE DISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE 452 IV. LATE PORTION OF THE DISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE AND THE COLLECTING DUCT 453 C. DIURETICS IN THE TREATMENT OF EDEMATOUS STATES AND DISORDERS ASSOCIATED WITH ABNORMALITIES OF RENAL FUNCTION 455 I. GENERAL PRINCIPLES 455 II. CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE 457 III. NEPHROTIC SYNDROME 467 IV. LIVER DISEASE 470 V. IDIOPATHIC EDEMA 471 VI. PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME 472 VII. ACUTE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS 473 VIII. ACUTE RENAL FAILURE 473 IX. CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE 474 X. RESISTANT EDEMA 475 D . DIURETICS IN THE TREATMENT OF NONEDEMATOUS DISORDERS 479 I. HYPERTENSION 479 II . TOXEMIA OF PREGNANCY 485 III . HYPERCALCEMIA 486 CONTENTS XXI IV. RENAL STONE DISEASE 487 V. DIABETES INSIPIDUS 487 VI. HYPERKALEMIA 488 E. DIURETIC SIDE EFFECTS AND ADVERSE REACTIONS 489 I. VOLUME CONTRACTION 489 II. HYPONATREMIA 489 III. HYPOKALEMIA 490 IV. HYPOMAGNESEMIA 491 V. ACID-BASE DISORDERS 491 1. METABOLIC ALKALOSIS 491 2. METABOLIC ACIDOSIS 492 VI. HYPERGLYCEMIA 492 VII. HYPERLIPIDEMIA 494 VIII. HYPERURICEMIA 494 IX. OTOTOXICITY 495 X. NEPHROTOXICITY 495 XI. HYPERKALEMIA 495 REFERENCES 496 SUBJECT INDEX 507
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id	DE-604.BV010229509
illustrated	Illustrated
indexdate	2024-07-09T17:48:53Z
institution	BVB
isbn	3540589651 0387589651
language	English
oai_aleph_id	oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-006799892
oclc_num	31866912
open_access_boolean
owner	DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-12 DE-20 DE-11
owner_facet	DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-12 DE-20 DE-11
physical	XXI, 517 S. Ill., graph. Darst.
publishDate	1995
publishDateSearch	1995
publishDateSort	1995
publisher	Springer
record_format	marc
series	Handbook of experimental pharmacology
series2	Handbook of experimental pharmacology
spelling	Diuretics [with 32 tables] contributors O. S. Better ... Ed. R. F. Greger ... Berlin [u.a.] Springer 1995 XXI, 517 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Handbook of experimental pharmacology 117 Diuretica gtt Diuretics Diuretikum (DE-588)4012536-1 gnd rswk-swf Diuretikum (DE-588)4012536-1 s DE-604 Greger, Rainer 1946-2007 Sonstige (DE-588)109804155 oth Better, O. S. Sonstige oth Handbook of experimental pharmacology 117 (DE-604)BV002390716 117 DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006799892&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis
spellingShingle	Diuretics [with 32 tables] Handbook of experimental pharmacology Diuretica gtt Diuretics Diuretikum (DE-588)4012536-1 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)4012536-1
title	Diuretics [with 32 tables]
title_auth	Diuretics [with 32 tables]
title_exact_search	Diuretics [with 32 tables]
title_full	Diuretics [with 32 tables] contributors O. S. Better ... Ed. R. F. Greger ...
title_fullStr	Diuretics [with 32 tables] contributors O. S. Better ... Ed. R. F. Greger ...
title_full_unstemmed	Diuretics [with 32 tables] contributors O. S. Better ... Ed. R. F. Greger ...
title_short	Diuretics
title_sort	diuretics with 32 tables
title_sub	[with 32 tables]
topic	Diuretica gtt Diuretics Diuretikum (DE-588)4012536-1 gnd
topic_facet	Diuretica Diuretics Diuretikum
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006799892&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
volume_link	(DE-604)BV002390716
work_keys_str_mv	AT gregerrainer diureticswith32tables AT betteros diureticswith32tables

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