Measurement in information science:
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
San Diego [u.a.]
Acad. Press
1994
|
| Series: | Library and information science
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XVII, 283 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0121214508 |
Staff View
MARC
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| 264 | 1 | |a San Diego [u.a.] |b Acad. Press |c 1994 | |
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Record in the Search Index
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Preface xv
One
Introduction to Measurement
1
Quantitative and Qualitative Aspects of Measurement
1.1 The Nature of Measurement 3
1.2 Information Systems 5
1.3 Reasons for Measurement 8
1.4 Composite Measures 9
1.5 Measurement and Human Behavior 10
1.5.1 Relative Measures 11
1.5.2 Measuring Quality 12
1.5.3 The Measurement of Human Behavior
and Skills 15
1.5.4 The Measurement of Values 16
1.6 Summary 19
References 20
2 ___
Methods of Measurement
2.1 Direct Observation 21
2.2 Indirect Observation 22
2.3 Opinion Measurement 23
2.3.1 Surveys and Questionnaires 24
vii
2.3.2 Comparison to Standards and Norms 27
2.4 Summary 28
References 28
3
Accuracy and Reliability of Measures
31 Measurement of Measurement Devices 29
3.1.1 Resolution 30
3.1.2 Precision 31
3.1.3 Accuracy 31
3.1.4 Calibradon 31
3.2 Tolerance 32
3.3 Summary: What, Me Measure? 33
References 33
4
Sets and Scales
4.1 Sets 35
4.1.1 Set Definitions 35
4.1.2 Basic Set Operations 36
4.1.3 Characteristics of Set Operations 36
4.2 The Concept of Scale 37
4.3 Nominal Scales 38
4.4 Ordinal Scales 39
4.4.1 The Concept ofOrdering 39
4.4.2 Equivalence Relations 40
4.4.3 A Basis for Ordering 41
4.5 Interval Scales 42
4.6 Ratio Scales 42
4.7 Summary 44
References 44
Two
Mathematical and Statistical Concepts
5
Statistical Measures—Description by Reduction
5.1 Introduction 47
5.2 Sample Spaces 48
5.2.1 Probabilities of Events 49
5.2.2 Statistical Samples 51
5.3 Frequency Measures 52
5.3.1 Frequency Distributions 53
5.3.2 Graphical Portrayais 55
5.3.3 Measures of Central Tendency 58
5.3.4 Dispersion Measures 61
5.3.5 Using the Standard Deviation as a Measure 63
5.3.6 The Law of Large Numbers 63
5.3.7 The Poisson Distribution 64
5.3.8 The z Score 65
5.4 Summary 66
References 66
6
Statistical Tests and Correlation
6.1 Errors and Confidence 67
6.2 Testing of Hypotheses 69
6.3 Measures of Association 72
6.3.1 Measures of Correlation 73
6.3.2 Regression 76
6.3.3 Correlation and Regression in
Information Science 77
6.4 Summary 78
References 79
7
Clustering, Similarity, and Set Membership Measures
7.1 Classification 80
7.2 Data Aggregation 81
7.2.1 Discriminant Analysis 82
7.2.2 Factor Analysis 83
7.2.3 Clustering 85
7.3 Multidimensional Scaling 90
7.4 Matching Functions 92
jj Contents
7.5 Fuzzy Set Theory 93
7.6 Summary 95
References 96
Three
Measures of Information Phenomena
8
Measures of Language and Text
8.1 Informetrics 99
8.2 The Measurement of Language 100
8.2.1 The Measurement of Meamng 101
8.2.2 Indexing 102
8.2.3 Word Association and Vocabulary Control 105
8.2.4 Characteristics of Text 108
8.3 Summary 110
References 110
9 __
Measures of Bibliographie Phenomena
9.1 Bibliometrics 112
9.2 Citations 112
9.3 Growth 114
9.4 Obsolescence 116
9.5 Scattering 117
9.6 Laws of Source Yield 118
9.6.1 Bradford s Law 119
9.6.2 Lotka s Law 120
9.7 Information Theory 121
9.8 Application to Information Systems 123
9.8.1 Journal Selection 124
9.8.2 Personnel Evaluation 125
9.8.3 Collection Maintenance 125
9.9 Data Collection Issues 125
9.10 Summary 126
References 127
Contents XI
Four
Measures of Databases and Information Retrieval
10
Introduction to Measurement in Information Retrieval
10.1 Models of Information Retrieval Systems 131
10.1.1 Structural Definitions 132
10.1.2 Logical Definitions 135
10.2 Types and Goals of Measures 138
10.2.1 Database Measures 139
10.2.2 User Measures 140
10.2.3 Query Language Measures 141
10.2.4 The IRSYS Software 141
10.2.5 Operation ofthe Service 141
10.3 Issues in Information Retrieval Measurement 142
10.4 Summary 144
References 144
11
Measurement of Databases
11.1 Introduction 146
11.2 Database Characteristics 147
11.3 Survey of Database Measures 149
11.4 Definitions and Terminology 151
11.4.1 Measures of Occurrence of Values 152
WA.2 Additional Measures of Value Co-occurrence 153
11.5 Database Measures 154
11.5.1 Scope 154
11.5.2 Attributes Represented 155
11.5.3 Selection ofEntities 156
11.5.4 Magnitude 158
11.5.5 Timeliness 158
11.5.6 Selectivity 159
11.5.7 Reliability 161
11.5.8 Cost 163
11.5.9 Comparability with Other Databases 164
11.6 Summary 166
References 167
X1J Contents
12
Measmes of the Retrieval Process
12.1 Introduction 168
12.2 Cost and Resources Used 170
12-3 Time and Command Rate 172
12.4 Errors 173
12.5 Summary 174
References 174
13
Measiirement of Retrieval Outcome
13.1 Introduction 176
13.1.1 Concepts of Relevance and Utility 177
13.1.2 Uncertainties in Relevance Measurement 179
13.2 Measures Derived from Relevance 180
13.3 Measuring Relevance 183
13.3.1 Goals, Objectives, and Standards 183
13.3.2 Measurement Scale 184
13.3.3 The Meaning of Relevance Being Used 185
13.3.4 Relevance as a Relative and a
Variable Measure 186
13.4 System-Computed Relevance, Ranking,
and Feedback 187
13.4.1 Ranking 188
13.4.2 Computing the Quantity of
Relevance Retrieved 189
13.4.3 Relevance Feedback 190
13.5 Measuring the Question 191
13.6 General Measures of Outcome 192
13.6.1 Definition of the System to Be Measured 192
13.6.2 The Relationship between Precision
and Recall 193
13.6.3 Overall Measures 196
13.6.4 The Case of No Retneved Relevance 198
13.7 Summary 199
References 200
Contents XlÜ
14
Mcasurement of Users
14.1 Introduction 202
14.2 User Charactenstics 202
14.2.1 Biological and Psychological Measures 203
14.2.2 Education and Aptitude 204
14.2.3 Experience and Knowledge 204
14.2.4 Organizational Factors 207
14.2.5 Users Mental Models 208
14.3 User Performance Measures 209
14.3.1 User Process Measures 209
14.3.2 Error Measures 211
14.3.3 Language Use Measures 213
14.4 Search Termination Measures 216
14.5 Outcome Measures 217
14.5.1 Set Size 217
14.5.2 Precision and Recall 218
14.6 Summary 218
References 219
Five
Information Systems Measures
15
Software Metrics
15.1 Relation to Information Systems Measurement 223
15.2 Software Physics and Measures 223
15.3 Logical Complexity 226
15.4 Algorithmic Complexity 229
15.4.1 Worst and Average Case Analysis 232
15.5 Applications 233
15.5.1 Query Complexity 233
15.5.2 File Structures and Search Algorithms 234
15.5.3 Algorithm Comparisons 236
15.6 Summary 239
References 240
XIV Contents
16
Measures of Information Services
16.1 Output Services versus Inputs versus
Intermediate Outputs 241
16.2 Values and Utilities 243
16.3 Costs 244
16.4 Service Statistics 246
16.5 Data Collection, Analysis, and Standards 246
16.6 Decision Making 248
16.7 Conclusion 249
References 250
Appendix: Measurement Index 253
Recommended Reading 271
Index 273
|
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| spelling | Boyce, Bert R. Verfasser aut Measurement in information science Bert R. Boyce ; Charles T. Meadow ; Donald H. Kraft San Diego [u.a.] Acad. Press 1994 XVII, 283 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Library and information science Informatiewetenschap gtt Sciences de l'information - Méthodes statistiques ram Wetenschappelijke technieken gtt Wissenschaftliches Arbeiten Information science Statistical methods Statistik (DE-588)4056995-0 gnd rswk-swf Information und Dokumentation (DE-588)4026901-2 gnd rswk-swf Informatik (DE-588)4026894-9 gnd rswk-swf Informetrie (DE-588)4325952-2 gnd rswk-swf Informatik (DE-588)4026894-9 s Statistik (DE-588)4056995-0 s DE-604 Informetrie (DE-588)4325952-2 s Information und Dokumentation (DE-588)4026901-2 s DE-188 Meadow, Charles T. Verfasser aut Kraft, Donald H. Verfasser aut HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006742873&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Boyce, Bert R. Meadow, Charles T. Kraft, Donald H. Measurement in information science Informatiewetenschap gtt Sciences de l'information - Méthodes statistiques ram Wetenschappelijke technieken gtt Wissenschaftliches Arbeiten Information science Statistical methods Statistik (DE-588)4056995-0 gnd Information und Dokumentation (DE-588)4026901-2 gnd Informatik (DE-588)4026894-9 gnd Informetrie (DE-588)4325952-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4056995-0 (DE-588)4026901-2 (DE-588)4026894-9 (DE-588)4325952-2 |
| title | Measurement in information science |
| title_auth | Measurement in information science |
| title_exact_search | Measurement in information science |
| title_full | Measurement in information science Bert R. Boyce ; Charles T. Meadow ; Donald H. Kraft |
| title_fullStr | Measurement in information science Bert R. Boyce ; Charles T. Meadow ; Donald H. Kraft |
| title_full_unstemmed | Measurement in information science Bert R. Boyce ; Charles T. Meadow ; Donald H. Kraft |
| title_short | Measurement in information science |
| title_sort | measurement in information science |
| topic | Informatiewetenschap gtt Sciences de l'information - Méthodes statistiques ram Wetenschappelijke technieken gtt Wissenschaftliches Arbeiten Information science Statistical methods Statistik (DE-588)4056995-0 gnd Information und Dokumentation (DE-588)4026901-2 gnd Informatik (DE-588)4026894-9 gnd Informetrie (DE-588)4325952-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Informatiewetenschap Sciences de l'information - Méthodes statistiques Wetenschappelijke technieken Wissenschaftliches Arbeiten Information science Statistical methods Statistik Information und Dokumentation Informatik Informetrie |
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