The foreign policy of Zimbabwe:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Hamburg
Inst. für Afrika-Kunde
1994
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| Schriftenreihe: | Hamburg African studies
5 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Zugl.: Hamburg, Univ., Diss., 1993 |
| Beschreibung: | VII, 478 S. |
| ISBN: | 3928049283 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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HAMBURG AFRICAN STUDIES
ETUDES AFRICAINES HAMBOURGEOISES
Ulf Engel
The Foreign Policy of Zimbabwe
Institut fur Afrika-Kunde
Institute of African Affairs
Institut d'Etudes Africaines
THE FOREIGN POLICY OF ZIMBABWE
- Contents -
List of diagrams IV
List of organograms IV
List of tables IV
List of abbreviations IV
Acknowledgements VI
1 Introduction I
1 1 State of research 3
1 2 Methodological considerations 9
121 Structural framework: The political economy approach and concepts of
interdependence and vulnerability 13
122 Agential framework: Decision-making in foreign policy 16
1 3 General outline 22
1 4 Comments on sources 26
THE FOREIGN POLICY INHERITANCE
2 Southern Rhodesia in the international system (1923-79):
In quest for an independent foreign policy - determinants and constraints 31
2 1 Limited international interactions: From a Crown Colony in the Commonwealth
(1923-S3) to the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland (1953-63) 31
2 2 Foreign policy under pressure: Unilateral Declaration of Independence and
international isolation (1965-79) 35
2 3 Regional conflict: Southern Rhodesia and the Southern African crisis 40
2 4 Growing economic dependence on South Africa 43
3 The liberation movements' heritage (1961/63-79) 49
3 1 External affairs in the struggle for independence 49
3 2 Origins of external support 55
ENTERING THE INTERNATIONAL STAGE AS AN INDEPENDENT ACTOR
4 Ideological base and formal preconditions of Zimbabwe's foreign policy 61
4 1 Non-alignment, anti-colonialism, anti-racism and socialism:
Ideological principles of Zimbabwe's foreign policy 62
4 2 Establishing diplomatic ties 70
421 Diplomatic recognition and representation in Zimbabwe 71
422 At the crossroads: Resolving relations with the USSR and South Africa 73
423 Diplomatic representation of Zimbabwe 82
424 Fostering bilateral relations 87
425 Zimbabwe's growing reputation in multilateral relations 96
DECISION-MAKING IN ZIMBABWE'S FOREIGN POLICY SYSTEM
5 The foreign policy system 103
5 1 Ministry of Foreign Affairs 104
511 Structure and size 104
512 Foreign service: Africanisation and recruitment 110
513 Training 115
514 Promotions, appointments and postings 119
515 Bugdetary aspects and financial management 125
5 2 Foreign affairs related departments in the President's Office 133
5 3 Assignment of functions 135
6 The making of Zimbabwe's foreign policy 143
6 1 Policy formation in the foreign-policy-making system 144
611 Information gathering 144
612 Access to decision-makers 145
613 Information processing 148
614 Participation in the decision-making process 154
6 2 The role of intra-state non-governmental actors 169
621 ZANU(PF) 169
622 Parliament 174
623 Industry and commerce 181
624 Print media 183
PRINCIPLE ISSUES OF ZIMBABWE'S FOREIGN POLICY
7 Facing South African destabilisation 191
7 1 The framework for relations between Zimbabwe and South Africa 191
7 2 National sovereignty under pressure 196
721 Railway diplomacy: Economic pressure vs political principles 196
722 The dissident problem: South Africa's exploitation of Zimbabwe's
internal conflict 203
723 Executing a selective military option: South African sponsored
8 Rebuilding alternative trade routes and regional security policy
in Mozambique 221
8 1 Sophisticated destabilisation: South Africa, RENAMO and the transport weapon 221
8 2 Rehabilitation and defence of the Beira Corridor 225
821 SADCC's priority programme and the Beira Corridor Group 225
822 From guarding the corridors to defending Mozambique's sovereignty: -
Zimbabwe's military response 234
823 Stability at last ? Zimbabwean mediation in the Mozambican war 247
9 Resisting South African aggression: The sanctions weapon 261
9 1 The fight for mandatory comprehensive sanctions 262
9 2 The internal debate on the imposition of sanctions 273
Ill
10 Regional economic co-operation and foreign trade 283
10 1 Participation in SADCC and PTA: Politics of disengagement and dominance 285
10 2 Bilateral trade conflicts - 294
10 3 Whither Zimbabwe's foreign trade policy ? 301
11 Foreign aid: The allocation of funds 307
11 1 Development co-operation: An overview 307
11 2 The political dimension of development co-operation - 317
11 2 1 Conditional support: IMF and World Bank 317
11 2 2 The high cost of principles: Zimbabwe and the USA 328
12 Zimbabwe in a changing Southern Africa 337
12 1 The settlement of the Namibia/Angola conflict 337
12 1 1 Namibia 337
12 1 2 Angola 346
12 2 Towards a new South Africa 351
12 2 1 Pressing for irreversible change and negotiations 351
12 2 2 Changing perceptions ? Relations between Zimbabwe and South Africa
at the beginning of the 1990s 365
ZIMBABWE'S FOREIGN POLICY - CONCLUSIONS
13 The foreign policy of Zimbabwe 387
13 1 Foreign policy formation and implementation 387
13 2 Zimbabwe in the international system: From vulnerability towards
sub-regional hegemony ? 397
14 Appendices 407
14 1 Foreign exchange ratios, 1980-92 407
14 2 List of major bilateral agreements, 1980-93 409
14 3 Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Civil service top and
Ambassadors/High Commissioners, 1980-93 413
14 4 Biographical notes on key foreign policy actors 417
15 Bibliography 431
15 1 Books and articles 431
15 2 Bibliographies 452
15 3 Sources 452
15 4 Interviews 460
15 5 List of newspapers, bulletins, magazines and information services
systematically used 461
15 5 1 Zimbabwean newspapers 461
15 5 2 Zimbabwean bulletins and journals 462
15 5 3 Other bulletins, magazines and information services 462
16 Index 465
16 1 Names 465
16 2 Subjects 471
IV
List of diagrams
1 1 Black box model for the analysis of decision-making 18
1 2 Enlarged black box model 21
List of organograms
5 1 Vertical administrative structure of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs 105
5 2 Horizontal administrative structure of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs 106
List of tables
2 1 Detailed establishment of Southern Rhodesia's Ministry of External Affairs/
Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1964/65-79/80 39
5 1 Authorised establishment in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1978/79-93/94 108
5 2 Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Vote accounts, 1978/79-91/92 126
8 1 traffic through the Beira Corridor, 1986-92 231
8 2 Zimbabwean containers in transit at Beira port, 1986-92 232
8 3 West and east bound transit traffic on the Beira railway, 1984-92 232
10 1 Zimbabwe's imports from and exports to neighbouring countries, 1981-90 291
10 2 Zimbabwe's imports from and exports to selected industrial countries, 1981-90 293
11 1 Financial flows to Zimbabwe, 1980-89 310
11 2 Main sources of official development assistance to Zimbabwe, 1980-89 311
11 3 Cumulative EC aid to Zimbabwe, 1980-89 315
11 4 Central government deficit and net borrowing, 1979/80-91/92 319
Abbreviations
AAPSO Afro-Asian People's Solidarity Organisation (Cairo)
-ACP African, Caribbean and Pacific member states of the Lome1 Conventions
ADB African Development Bank (Abidjan)
ADF African Development Fund (Abidjan)
ANC African National Congress (South Africa)
BCA Beira Corridor Authority (Beira)
BCG Beira Corridor Group
CAZ Conservative Alliance of Zimbabwe
CFM Caminhos de Ferro de Mozambique (Maputo)
CHOGM Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting
CIO Central Intelligence Organisation
CODESA Convention for a Democratic South Africa
COMESA Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa
CONSAS Constellation of Southern African States (South Africa)
CZI Confederation of Zimbabwe Industries
DAC Development Assistance Committee (of the OECD, Paris)
DMI [South African] Directorate of Military Intelligence (Pretoria)
EC European Communities (Brussels)
EIB European Investment Bank (Luxemburg)
ESAP Economic Structural Adjustment Programme
FRELIMO Frente de Libertacao de Mozambique (Mozambique)
GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (Geneva)
IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (Washington/D C )
IDA International Development Association (Washington/D C )
IFC International Finance Corporation (Washington/D C ) |
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| title | The foreign policy of Zimbabwe |
| title_auth | The foreign policy of Zimbabwe |
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