The knowledge acquisition and representation language KARL:
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| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Thesis Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
1994
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | 311 S. graph. Darst. |
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MARC
| LEADER | 00000nam a2200000 c 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV009792248 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 19970506 | ||
| 007 | t | ||
| 008 | 940830s1994 gw d||| m||| 00||| eng d | ||
| 016 | 7 | |a 941673529 |2 DE-101 | |
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)61111298 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV009792248 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rakddb | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 044 | |a gw |c DE | ||
| 049 | |a DE-19 |a DE-N2 |a DE-355 |a DE-91 |a DE-83 |a DE-11 |a DE-188 | ||
| 084 | |a QH 500 |0 (DE-625)141607: |2 rvk | ||
| 084 | |a ST 250 |0 (DE-625)143626: |2 rvk | ||
| 084 | |a DAT 350f |2 stub | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Fensel, Dieter |d 1960- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)121025462 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a The knowledge acquisition and representation language KARL |c von Dieter Fensel |
| 264 | 1 | |c 1994 | |
| 300 | |a 311 S. |b graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 502 | |a Karlsruhe, Univ., Diss., 1993 | ||
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a KARL |g Programmiersprache |0 (DE-588)4276910-3 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 655 | 7 | |0 (DE-588)4113937-9 |a Hochschulschrift |2 gnd-content | |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a KARL |g Programmiersprache |0 (DE-588)4276910-3 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m DNB Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006478187&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 943 | 1 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-006478187 | |
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CONTENTS
ABSTRACT
11
INTRODUCTION
13
1.
1
THE
GENERAL
AIM
OF
KARL
13
1.2
A
MODEL
OF
EXPERTISE
IN
KARL
17
1.3
GRAPHICAL
REPRESENTATION
19
1.4
THE
FORMAL
LEVEL
20
1.5
THE
IMPLEMENTATIONAL
LEVEL
20
1.6
CASE
STUDIES
21
1.7
OVERVIEW
22
1.8
CONTENT
OF
THE
THESIS
23
1.9
WHAT
DISTINGUISHES
KARL
FROM
ALL
OTHER
LANGUAGES?
23
1
MODEL-BASED AND
INCREMENTAL
KNOWLEDGE
ACQUISITION
25
1.1
THE
RECONCILIATION
OF
SYMBOL
LEVEL
AND
KNOWLEDGE
LEVEL
25
1.1.1
THE
SEPARATION
OF
SYMBOL
LEVEL
AND
KNOWLEDGE
LEVEL
26
1.1.2
KNOWLEDGE
ACQUISITION
AS
A
MODELLING
PROCESS
30
1.1.3
THE
RECONCILIATION
OF
SYMBOL
LEVEL
AND
KNOWLEDGE
LEVEL
32
1.1.4
THE
NEGATION
OF
THE
NEGATION
36
1.1.5
"
HOW
"
AND
"
WHY
"
AND
THE
KNOWLEDGE
LEVEL
37
CONTENTS
4
1.1.6
THE
WRONG
CONTRADICTION
OF
SYMBOL
LEVEL
AND
KNOWLEDGE
LEVEL
38
1.1.7
CONCLUSION
38
1.2
THE
DIFFERENT
SUBTASKS
OF
KNOWLEDGE
ACQUISITION
39
2
KARL
AT
THE
FORMAL
LEVEL
43
2.1
L-KARL:
THE
LOGICAL
LANGUAGE
OF
KARL
44
2.1.1
SIGNIFICANT
IDEAS
OF
OTHER
APPROACHES
USED
FOR
L-KARL
45
2.1.2
SYNTAX
OF
L-KARL
47
2.1.3
INFORMAL
SEMANTICS
OF
L-KARL
53
2.1.3.1
ID-TERMS
54
2.1.3.2
CLASS
DEFINITIONS
55
2.1.3.3
F-TERMS
57
2.1.3.4
THE
DIFFERENCE
BETWEEN
OBJECTS
AND
VALUES
58
2.1.3.5
THE
WELL-TYPING
CONDITION
FOR
DATA
TERMS
58
2.1.3.6
PREDICATE
DEFINITIONS
AND
P-TERMS
59
2.1.3.7
FORMULAE
59
2.1.3.8
CONSTRAINTS
60
2.1.3.9
THE
GRAPHICAL
REPRESENTATION
OF
THE
WHOLE
EXAMPLE
60
2.1.4
GENERAL
FORMAL
SEMANTICS
OF
L-KARL
63
2.1.4.1
A
SEMANTICAL
STRUCTURE
63
2.1.4.2
FORMAL
SEMANTICS
FOR
ATTRIBUTE
INHERITANCE
AND
WELL-TAPING
69
2.1.4.3
VARIABLE
ASSIGNMENT
AND
TRUTH
VALUE
OF
FORMULAE
71
2.1.4.4
MODELS
AND
ENTAILMENT
77
2.1.4.5
EQUALITY
TERMS,
FUNCTIONAL
ATTRIBUTES
(I.E.,
SINGLE-VALUED
ATTRIBUTES),
AND
THE
UNIQUE-NAME
ASSUMPTION
78
2.1.5
HERBRAND
SEMANTICS
OF
L-KARL
79
2.1.5.1
HERBRAND
INTERPRETATIONS
79
2.1.5.2
HERBRAND
MODELS
84
2.1.5.3
HERBRAND
INTERPRETATIONS
AND
SEMANTICAL
STRUCTURES
85
2.1.6
MINIMAL
HERBRAND
MODEL
SEMANTICS
OF
L-KARL
87
2.1.6.1
EXTENSIONS
OF
ORDINARY
MINIMAL
HERBRAND
MODEL
SEMANTICS
91
2.1.7
PERFECT
HERBRAND
MODEL
SEMANTICS
OF
L-KARL
94
2.1.8
CONSTRAINTS
99
2.1.9
BUILT-IN
PREDICATES
101
2.1.10
A
COMPARISON
OF
L-KARL
WITH
F-LOGIC
AND
O-LOGIC
102
2.2
P-KARL:
THE
PROCEDURAL
LANGUAGE
OF
KARL
104
2.2.1
SIGNIFICANT
IDEAS
OF
OTHER
APPROACHES
USED
FOR
P-KARL
104
2.2.2
SYNTAX
OF
P-KARL
106
2.2.3
INFORMAL
SEMANTICS
OF
P-KARL
108
CONTENTS
5
2.2.4
SEMANTICS
OF
P-KARL
109
2.2.5
P-KARL
PROGRAMS ARE
DETERMINISTIC
112
2.3
KARL
=
P-KARL
INTERPRETED
BY
L-KARL
115
2.3.1
THE
SEMANTICS
OF
A
KARL
PROGRAM
115
2.3.1.1
THE
CARRIER
115
2.3.1.2
THE
DATAFLOW
VARIABLES
115
2.3.1.3
THE
FUNCTIONS
116
2.3.1.4
THE
RELATIONS
117
2.3.2
AN
EXAMPLE
117
3
KARL
AT
THE
EPISTEMOLOGICAL
LEVEL
121
3.0
THE
SISYPHUS
EXAMPLE
123
3.1
THE
DOMAIN
LAYER
LANGUAGE
124
3.1.1
TERMINOLOGICAL
KNOWLEDGE:
THE
DOMAIN
SCHEMA
125
3.1.2
INTENSIONAL
DESCRIPTIONS
128
3.1.3
FACTUAL
KNOWLEDGE
133
3.1.4
NECESSARY
DESCRIPTIONS
133
3.1.5
DATA
(INPUT-DATA
PART
AND
OUTPUT-DATA
PART)
134
3.1.6
SUMMARY:
ALL
PARTS
OF
A
DOMAIN
LAYER
135
3.1.7
AN
EXAMPLE
DEMONSTRATING
HOW
THE
DERIVATION
OF
NEW
OBJECTS
IS
MODELLED
IN
KARL
135
3.1.8
SEMANTICS
OF
THE
DOMAIN
LAYER
138
3.1.9
THE
MAIN
THEME
OF
THE
DOMAIN
LAYER
141
3.1.10
THE
DOMAIN
LAYER
OF
THE
SISYPHUS
EXAMPLE
141
3.1.10.1
DOMAIN
SCHEMA
"
L
"
AND
"
D
"
143
3.1.10.2
INTENSIONAL
DESCRIPTIONS
,,D
R
"
144
3.1.10.3
FACTUAL
KNOWLEDGE
"
F
"
144
3.1.10.4
NECESSARY
DESCRIPTIONS
(CONSTRAINTS
"
D
C
"
) 144
3.1.10.5
INPUT-DATA
PART
"
I
"
144
3.1.10.6
OUTPUT-DATA
PART
"
O
"
146
3.2
THE
INFERENCE
LAYER
LANGUAGE
147
3.2.1
AN
ALPHABET
OF
AN
INFERENCE
LAYER
147
3.2.2
ROLES
149
3.2.2.1
A
TYPOLOGY
OF
ROLES
149
3.2.2.2
VIEWS
151
3.2.2.3
STORES
152
3.2.2.4
TERMINATORS
153
3.2.2.5
ROLES
155
CONTENTS
6
3.2.3
ELEMENTARY
INFERENCE
ACTIONS
155
3.2.3.1
DESCRIPTION
OF
AN
ELEMENTARY
INFERENCE
ACTION
155
3.2.3.2
SEMANTICS
OF
AN
ELEMENTARY
INFERENCE
ACTION
157
3.2.4
INFERENCE
STRUCTURE
160
3.2.4.1
INFERENCE
STRUCTURE
160
3.2.4.2
HIERARCHICALLY
REFINED
INFERENCE
STRUCTURES
(HIS):
COMPOSED
INFERENCE
ACTIONS
161
3.2.4.3
THE
TOP-LEVEL
INFERENCE
ACTION
165
3.2.5
THE
INFERENCE
LAYER
OF
THE
SISYPHUS
EXAMPLE
165
3.2.5.1
ALPHABET
166
3.2.5.2
THE
TOP-LEVEL
INFERENCE
ACTION
"
ASSIGN
"
166
3.2.5.3
REFINEMENT
OF
"
ASSIGN
"
167
3.2.5.3.1
INTERNAL
STORES
167
3.2.5.3.2
INTERNAL
TERMINATORS
168
3.2.5.3.3
INTERNAL
DOMAIN
VIEWS
169
3.2.5.3.4
ELEMENTARY
INFERENCE
ACTIONS
171
3.3
THE
TASK
LAYER
LANGUAGE
176
3.3.1
LANGUAGE
PRIMITIVES
AT
THE
TASK
LAYER
176
3.3.2
SEMANTICS
179
3.3.2.1
THE
CARRIER
179
3.3.2.2
THE
DATAFLOW
VARIABLES
180
3.3.2.3
THE
FUNCTIONS
180
3.3.2.4
THE
RELATIONS
180
3.3.2.5
THE
SUBTASKS
181
3.3.3
THE
TASK
LAYER
OF
THE
SISYPHUS
EXAMPLE
181
3.3.3.1
ALPHABET
181
3.3.3.2
THE
TASK
"
ASSIGN
"
181
3.3.3.3
REFINEMENT
OF
"
ASSIGN
"
181
3.4
A
TRACE
OF
THE
SOLUTION
OF
THE
SISYPHUS
EXAMPLE
183
3.4.1
TRACE
WITHOUT
A
SOLUTION
183
3.4.1.1
INPUT-DATA
PART
LIL
183
3.4.1.2
CONTENTS
OF
THE
STORES
184
3.4.1.3
OUTPUT-DATA
PART
LOL
185
3.4.2
TRACE
WITH
A
SOLUTION
186
3.4.2.1
INPUT-DATA
PART
LIL
186
3.4.2.2
CONTENTS
OF
THE
STORES
187
3.4.2.3
OUTPUT-DATA
PART
LOL
190
3.5
A
STRATEGIC
LAYER
IN
KARL
OR
AN
ALTERNATIVE
VIEW
AT
THE
TASK
LAYER
191
3.6
MODEL
OF
COOPERATION
193
CONTENTS
7
3.6.1
DATA
194
3.6.1.1
THE
STORES
USER
194
3.6.1.2
OBTAIN
195
3.6.1.3
PRESENT
196
3.6.2
CONTROL
INFORMATION
197
4
KARL
AT
THE
GRAPHICAL
LEVEL
199
4.1
THE
DOMAIN
LAYER
200
4.2
THE
INFERENCE
LAYER
201
4.3
THE
TASK
LAYER
204
5
AN
EXAMPLE:
THE BOARD-GAME
METHOD
MODELLED
IN
KARL
205
5.1
CHRONOLOGICAL
BACKTRACKING
205
5.1.1
THE
TOP-LEVEL
INFERENCE
ACTION
CHRONOLOGICAL_BACKTRACKING,
I.E.
THE
TASK
CHRONOLOGICALBACKTRACKING
209
5.1.2
REFINEMENT
OF
CHRONOLOGICAL_BACKTRACKING
210
5.1.3
REFINEMENT
OF
BOOKKEEPING
213
5.1.4
REFINEMENT
OF
DERIVE_SUCCESSOR
215
5.1.5
REFINEMENT
OF
FINDSOLUTION
217
5.1.6
A
COMPARISON
OF
CHRONOLOGICAL
BACKTRACKING
AND
THE
SOLUTION
OF
THE
SISYPHUS
ROOM-ASSIGNMENT
PROBLEM
IN
CHAPTER
THREE
220
5.2
BOARD-GAME
METHOD
222
5.2.1
KNOWLEDGE
ABOUT
THE
TERMINOLOGICAL
STRUCTURE
OF
THE
TASK
222
5.2.2
KNOWLEDGE
ABOUT
THE
LOGICAL
DESCRIPTION
OF
INFERENCES
RELATED
TO
THE
TASK
224
5.2.3
THE
MAPPING
OF
THE
BOARD-GAME
METHOD
ON
THE
SISYPHUS
DOMAIN
227
5.3
CONCLUSIONS
FROM
THE
EXERCISE
230
5.3.1
CHARACTERIZATION
OF
PROBLEM-SOLVING
METHODS
AT
THE
EPISTEMOLOGICAL
LEVEL
BY
A
FORMAL
LANGUAGE
230
5.3.2
IS
KARL
MORE
SUITABLE
THAN
A
HIGH-LEVEL
PROGRAMMING
LANGUAGE
OR
A
VERY-HIGH-LEVEL
PROGRAMMING
LANGUAGE?
232
5.3.3
A
CONCLUDING
REMARK
233
CONTENTS
8
6
A
COMPARISON
OF
KARL
WITH
OTHER
APPROACHES
235
6.1
A
COMPARISON
WITH
OTHER
KADS-ORIENTED
SPECIFICATION
LANGUAGES
235
6.1.1
HOW
TO
COMPARE
THE
DIFFERENT
LANGUAGES
236
6.1.1.1
CRITERIA
AT
THE
EPISTEMOLOGICAL
LEVEL
237
6.1.1.2
CRITERIA
AT
THE
FORMAL
LEVEL
237
6.1.1.3
CRITERIA
AT
THE
OPERATIONAL
LEVEL
238
6.1.2
A
COMPARISON
WITH
MODEL-K
238
6.1.2.1
THE
EPISTEMOLOGICAL
LEVEL
239
6.1.2.2
THE
FORMAL
LEVEL
242
6.1.2.3
THE
OPERATIONAL
LEVEL
242
6.1.2.4
APPLICATIONS
242
6.1.2.5
DISCUSSION
242
6.1.3
A
COMPARISON
WITH
FORKADS
243
6.1.3.1
THE
EPISTEMOLOGICAL
LEVEL
243
6.1.3.2
THE
FORMAL
LEVEL
245
6.1.3.3
THE
OPERATIONAL
LEVEL
245
6.1.3.4
APPLICATIONS
245
6.1.3.5
DISCUSSION
245
6.1.4
A
COMPARISON
WITH
(ML)
2
246
6.1.4.1
THE
EPISTEMOLOGICAL
LEVEL
246
6.1.4.2
THE
FORMAL
LEVEL
249
6.1.4.3
THE
OPERATIONAL
LEVEL
249
6.1.4.4
APPLICATIONS
249
6.1.4.5
DISCUSSION
250
6.1.5
CONCLUSION
251
6.2
A
COMPARISON
WITH
SOFTWARE
ENGINEERING
AND
INFORMATION
SYSTEM
DEVELOPMENT
256
6.2.1
HOW
TO
MODEL
STRUCTURED
ANALYSIS
SPECIFICATIONS
WITH
KARL
258
6.2.1.1
THE
STATIC
SYSTEM
ASPECTS:
THE
DATA
MODEL
258
6.2.1.2
THE
FUNCTIONAL
BEHAVIOUR
OF
A
SYSTEM:
DATAFLOW
DIAGRAMS
AND
PROCESS
SPECIFICATION
259
6.2.1.3
THE
DYNAMIC
BEHAVIOUR
OF
A
SYSTEM:
THE
CONTROL
FLOW
260
6.2.1.4
AN
EXAMPLE
261
6.2.2
HOW
ARE
THE
DIFFERENT
LAYERS
OF
KARL
RELATED
TO
THE
DIFFERENT
TECHNIQUES
OF
STRUCTURED
ANALYSIS
264
6.2.2.1
TASK
LAYER
=
STATE-TRANSITION
DIAGRAMS?
264
6.2.2.2
INFERENCE
LAYER
=
FUNCTIONAL
SPECIFICATION
BY
DATAFLOW
DIAGRAMS?
264
6.2.2.3
DOMAIN
LAYER
=
DATA
MODEL?
266
CONTENTS
9
6.2.3
CONCLUSION:
WHAT
IS
THE
DIFFERENCE
BETWEEN
CONVENTIONAL
SOFTWARE
AND
KNOWLEDGE-BASED
SYSTEMS
266
CONCLUSION
269
C.L
THE
HIGHLIGHTS
OF
KARL
269
C.2
LIMITATIONS
OF
KARL
270
C.2.1
CURRENT
LIMITATIONS
OF
KARL
270
C.2.2
ACTUAL
LIMITATIONS
OF
KARL
272
C.3
KARL
AND
MACHINE
LEARNING
272
C.4
KARL
AND
SOFTWARE
REUSE
275
BIBLIOGRAPHY
281
LIST
OF
DEFINITIONS
297
LIST
OF
FIGURES
301
LIST
OF
SYMBOLS
303
LIST
OF
TABLES
311 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Fensel, Dieter 1960- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)121025462 |
| author_facet | Fensel, Dieter 1960- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Fensel, Dieter 1960- |
| author_variant | d f df |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV009792248 |
| classification_rvk | QH 500 ST 250 |
| classification_tum | DAT 350f |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)61111298 (DE-599)BVBBV009792248 |
| discipline | Informatik Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
| format | Thesis Book |
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| genre | (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Hochschulschrift |
| id | DE-604.BV009792248 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-08-19T00:36:50Z |
| institution | BVB |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-006478187 |
| oclc_num | 61111298 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-N2 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-91 DE-BY-TUM DE-83 DE-11 DE-188 |
| owner_facet | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-N2 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-91 DE-BY-TUM DE-83 DE-11 DE-188 |
| physical | 311 S. graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 1994 |
| publishDateSearch | 1994 |
| publishDateSort | 1994 |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Fensel, Dieter 1960- Verfasser (DE-588)121025462 aut The knowledge acquisition and representation language KARL von Dieter Fensel 1994 311 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Karlsruhe, Univ., Diss., 1993 KARL Programmiersprache (DE-588)4276910-3 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content KARL Programmiersprache (DE-588)4276910-3 s DE-604 DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006478187&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Fensel, Dieter 1960- The knowledge acquisition and representation language KARL KARL Programmiersprache (DE-588)4276910-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4276910-3 (DE-588)4113937-9 |
| title | The knowledge acquisition and representation language KARL |
| title_auth | The knowledge acquisition and representation language KARL |
| title_exact_search | The knowledge acquisition and representation language KARL |
| title_full | The knowledge acquisition and representation language KARL von Dieter Fensel |
| title_fullStr | The knowledge acquisition and representation language KARL von Dieter Fensel |
| title_full_unstemmed | The knowledge acquisition and representation language KARL von Dieter Fensel |
| title_short | The knowledge acquisition and representation language KARL |
| title_sort | the knowledge acquisition and representation language karl |
| topic | KARL Programmiersprache (DE-588)4276910-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | KARL Programmiersprache Hochschulschrift |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006478187&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT fenseldieter theknowledgeacquisitionandrepresentationlanguagekarl |