Jewish law: history, sources, principles 3 [The literary sources of Jewish law]
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| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English Hebrew |
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Philadelphia u.a.
Jewish Publ. Soc.
1994
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| Edition: | 1. Engl. ed. |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XXXIX S., S. 1017 - 1572, 16 S. |
| ISBN: | 0827603878 |
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| adam_text | CONTENTS BIBLIOGRAPHICAL ABBREVIATIONS OF BOOKS AND ARTICLES FREQUENTLY CITED xxv ABBREVIATIONS USED IN CITING RABBINIC WORKS AND SCHOLARLY LITERATURE xxix ABBREVIATIONS USED IN CITING MODERN LEGAL MATERIALS xxxi ACRONYMS AND APPELLATIONS OF HALAKHIC AUTHORITIES xxxiii TRANSLITERATION GUIDE xxxvii VOLUME Ш PART THREE The Literary Sources of Jewish Law Chapter 25 THE LITERARY SOURCES OF JEWISH LAW: NATURE AND DEFINITION 1017 I. The Literary Sources of Law, 1017 A. In General, 1017 B. Official Publications, 1017 C. Legal Literature and General Literature, 1018 II. The Literary Sources of Jewish Law, 1019 Chapter 26 THE LITERARY SOURCES FROM THE SINAITIC REVELATION UNTIL THE TANNAIM 1020 I. The Written Law, 1020 II. The Prophets and the Hagiographa, 1021 A. The Laws of the Sabbath, 1021 B. Modes of Acquisition, 1022 C. The King s Law, 1024 D. A Person Shall Be Put to Death Only for His Own Crime , 1025 E. The Law of Suretyship, 1026 xiii
xiv Contents III. Legal and General Literature, 1027 A. Introduction, 1027 B. The Papyri, 1028 C. The Septuagint, 1029 D. Philo of Alexandria, 1030 E. Flavius Josephus, 1031 F. The Apocrypha, 1033 IV. Summary, 1037 Chapter 27 THE LITERARY SOURCES FROM THE TANNAITIC PERIOD TO THE REDACTION OF THE TALMUD: INTRODUCTION 1038 I. Form and Substance of Talmudic Halakhic Literature, 1038 II. The Types of Literary Sources, 1039 Chapter 28 THE LITERARY SOURCES IN THE TANNAITIC PERIOD I. II. III. IV. 1041 The Term Tanna, 1042 The Generations of the Zugot and the Major Tannaim, 1043 Aramaic Translations of Scripture, 1045 Compilations of Halakhic Midrashim, 1047 A. From the School of R. Ishmael, 1048 B. From the School of R. Akiva, 1048 V. The Mishnah—in General, 1049 A. The Literary Form of the Halakhah in the Mishnah as Compared with That in the Halakhic Midrashim, 1049 B. The Development and Redaction of the Mishnah, 1050 VI. The Literary Structure of the Mishnah, 1052 A. Etymology of the Term Mishnah, 1052 B. The Divisions of the Mishnah and Their Contents, 1053 C. The Arrangement of the Laws in the Mishnah, 1055 VII. The Codificatory Nature of the Mishnah, 1057 A. The Content of the Mishnah, 1057 1. Comparison Between the Law as Set Forth in the Mishnah and the Law in Cognate Sources, 1058 2. Statement of the Law without Attribution to a Source, or by Attribution to the Sages , 1060 3. The Amoraic View of the Authoritative Character of the Mishnah, 1061 4. Diversity and Uniformity in Jewish Law, 1061 5. Multiplicity of Opinions in the Mishnah, 1070 B. The Legal Style of the
Mishnah, 1072 1. The Casuistic Style, 1073 2. The Hybrid Casuistic-Normative Style, 1074 a. Possession of Real Property for Three Years as Proof of Ownership, 1075 h Division of Property Owned in Common, 1075 J. The Normative Style, 1076 vm ъ ^ ^terarY StYie of the Mishnah, 1078 VIII. The Tosefla, 1078 IX. Summary, Ю82
Contents Chapter 29 THE LITERARY SOURCES IN THE AMORAIC PERIOD XV 1083 I. Introduction, 1083 A. The Two Talmuds, 1083 B. Some Preliminary Definitions, 1083 1. Amora, 1083 2. Talmud, 1084 3. Gemara, 1084 II. The Leading Amoraim Listed by Generations, 1085 III. The Babylonian Talmud, 1087 A. The Babylonian Diaspora, 1087 B. The Teachings of the Babylonian Amoraim and the Contents of the Babylonian Talmud, 1088 C. The Redaction and Completion of the Babylonian Talmud, 1091 D. The Savoraim, 1093 E. Compilation of the Talmud on Only Part of the Mishnah, 1094 IV. The Jerusalem Talmud, 1095 A. Contents of the Jerusalem Talmud; Differences from the Babylonian Talmud, 1095 B. The Redaction of the Jerusalem Talmud, 1097 V. The Literary-Legal Nature of the Talmud and the Place of the Talmud in the Jewish Legal System, 1098 Chapter 30 THE LITERARY SOURCES AND OTHER HALAKHIC LITERATURE IN THE POST-TALMUDIC PERIOD: INTRODUCTION 1101 I. Geonim, Rishonim, and Aharonim, 1101 II. The Three Major Types of Literary Sources of the Halakhah; the Various Kinds of Other Halakhic Legal Literature, 1102 Chapter 31 COMMENTAMES AND NOVELLAE I. The Nature of Commentaries and Novellae, 1105 II. Commentaries and Novellae on the Mishnah, 1106 A. The Geonic Period, 1106 B. Maimonides Commentary, 1106 C. Obadiah of Bertinoro s Commentary, 1108 D. Tosafot Yom Tov by Yom Tov Lipmann Heller, 1108 E. Melekhet Shelomo by Solomon Adeni, 1109 R Tiferet Yisra el by Israel Lipschutz, 1109 G. Hanokh Albeck s Commentary, 1110 III. Commentaries and Novellae on Halakhic Midrashim and the Tosefta, 1110 A. Halakhic
Midrashim, 1110 1. Rabad s Commentary on the Sifra, 1110 2. Rabbenu Hillel s Commentary on the Sifra and the Sifrei, 1111 B. The Tosefta, 1111 1. Hasdei David by David Pardo, 1112 2. Tosefta ki-Feshutah by Saul Lieberman, 1112 1104
xvi Contents iv. Commentaries on the Babylonian Tatamd, 1113 A. The Geonic Period, ШЗ B. Rabbenu Hananel s Commentary, 11 C. Rabbenu Gershom Me or Ha-Golah and His Students, Ш5 D Rashi s Commentary on the Talmud, 1 ! 16 V. NoveUae on the Babylonian Talmud, 1118 a тһа лсѴ»ь*пя7ігNovelláé; theTosafists, lilo 1. In General, 1118 , 111Q 2. How the Novellae of the Tosafists Were Created, 1119 3. The Leading Tosafists, 1120 a. Samuel b. Meir (Rashbam), 1120 b. Jacob b. Meir (Rabbenu Tam), 1120 c. Isaac b. Samuel (Ri), 1120 d. Samson b. Abraham (Rash) of Sens, 1121 e. Meirb. Baruch (Maharam) of Rothenburg, 1121 4. Decisions and Responsa in the Tosafot, 1122 B. The Sephardic Novellae/Commentaries, 1123 1. Joseph ibn Migash (Ri Migash), 1123 2. Abraham b. David (Rabad) of Posquières, 1123 3. Meir Abulafia (Ramah), 1124 4. Nahmaniđes (Ramban), 1124 5. Solomon b. Abraham Adret (Rashba), 1124 6. YomTovIshbili (Ritba), 1125 7. Nissim Gerondi (Ran), П25 8. Menahem Mehi, 1126 9. Bezahl Ashkenazi, 1126 C. Novellae in the Period of the Aharonim, 1127 1. Hiddushei Halakhot by Samuel Eliezer Edels (Maharsha), 1128 2. Penei Yehoshu a by Jacob Joshua Falk, 1129 VI. Commentaries and Novellae on the Jerusalem Talmud, 1130 A. The Jerusalem Talmud—Its Study and Use as a Basis for Legal Decisions, 1130 B. Solomon Sirillo s Commentary, 1132 C. Sedeh Yehoshu a by Joshua Benveniste, 1134 D. Elijah of Fulda s Commentary and Novellae, 1134 E. David Fraenkel’s Commentary and Novellae, 1135 F. Moses Margoliot s Commentary and Novellae, 1135 G. The Gaon of Vilna s Commentary, 1136 Chapter )2 THE
CODIFICATORY LITERATURE: NATURE AND STRUCTURE; THE PROBLEM OF CODIFICATION 1138 1. The Relationship of Codificatory Literature to Commentaries, Novellae, and the Responsa Literature 1138 It. The Two Basic Types of Codes, 1139 Ш· Codification in Other Legal Systems, 1140 A. The Term Codification , 1140 B. Codification in Continental Europe, 1141 C. Codification in Common-Law Countries, 1142 ГѴ. The Nature and Problem of Codification in Jewish Law, 1144
Contents Chapter 33 Chapter 34 THE CODIFICATORY LITERATURE FROM THE GEONIC PERIOD UNTIL MAIMONIDES MISHNEH TORAH I. Codificatory Works in the Geonic Period, 1150 A. Sefer ha-She iltot by Aha of Shabha, 1150 B. Halakhot Pesukot by Yehudai Gaon, 1153 C. Halakhot Gedolot, 1155 D. Motivating Factors for and against Codification in the Geonic Period, 1156 E. Halakhic Monographs, 1158 1. Saadiah Gaon, 1159 2. Samuel b. Hophni Gaon, 1161 3. Hai Gaon, 1164 4. The Objectives of Halakhic Monographs, 1166 II. Sefer ha-Halakhot by Isaac Alfasi (Rif), 1167 A. The Nature and Content of Sefer ha-Halakhot, 1167 B. Commentaries on Sefer ha-Halakhot, 1173 1. Zerahiah ha-Levi Gerondi (Rezah), 1173 2. Abraham b. David (Rabad) of Posquières, 1173 3. Nahmanides (Ramban), 1174 4. Jonathan of Lunel, 1175 5. Nissim Gerondi (Ran), 1175 6. Joseph Habiba, 1176 7. Joshua Boaz b. Simon Baruch, 1176 8. Other Commentators, 1176 III. Codificatory Works from Alfasi to Maimonides, 1177 A. Spain, 1177 1. Isaac ibn Ghayyat (Rizag), 1177 2. Judah al-Bargeloni, 1177 B. France and Germany, 1178 1. The School of Rashi, 1178 2. Eliezerb. Nathan (Raban), 1179 xvii 1149 THE CODIFICATORY LITERATURE: MAIMONIDES MISHNEH TORAH 1180 I. Strengthening of the Tendency toward Codification at the Beginning of the Rabbinic Period, 1181 II. Maimonides and his Codificatory Work, 1184 A. Goals, 1184 B. Compiling and Reworking the Halakhic Material, 1186 C. Topical Arrangement and Classification, 1195 D. Categorical Statement of Legal Rules with No Reference to Sources or Contrary Opinions, 1203 E. Style and Draftsmanship of the
Mishneh Torah, 1206 F. Factual-Casuistic Formulation, 1211 G. A Legal Code for the People, 1214 HI. Critical Reaction to Maimonides Codificatory Methodology, 1215 A. Correspondence with Dayyan (Judge) Phinehas b. Meshullam of Alexandria, 1216 B. Correspondence with Joseph ibn Aknin; Rendering Decisions on the Basis of the Mishneh Torah, 1222
xviii Contents C. Rabaďs Critical Glosses, 1223 D. Asheri s Reaction, 1226 E. Interim Summary of the Stages of Codification of Jewish Law, 1229 IV. Commentaries on üıeMishneh Torah, 1231 A. Migdal Oz by Shem Tov ibn Gaon, 1232 B. Maggid Mishneh by Vidal of Tolosa, 1232 C. KesefMishneh by Joseph Caro, 1233 D. Yekar Tiferet by David ibn Zimra (Radbaz), 1233 E. Lehem Mishneh by Abraham di Boton, 1233 F. Mishneh Ια-Melekh by Judah Rosanes, 1234 G. Haggahot Maimuniyyot by Meir ha-Kohen of Rothenburg, 1234 V. The Ultimate Achievement of the Mishneh Torah, 1235 Chapter 35 THE CODIFICATORY LITERATURE: FROM MAIMONIDES UNTIL THE SHULHAN ARUKH; THE SEFER HA-TURIM 1236 I. Codificatory Literature Until the Sefer ha֊Turim, 1237 A. Books Following the Order of the Talmud, and/or Organized in Whole or in Part According to Topic, 1238 1. Sefer Avi ha-Ezrì and Sefer Avi’asaf by Eliezer b. Joel haLevi (Raviah), 1238 2. Sefer ha-Roke ah by Eleazar b. Judah, 1239 3. Sefer ha-Terumah by Baruch b. Isaac, 1239 4. Sefer ha-Manhig by Abraham b. Nathan ha-Yarhi, 1240 5. Or Zaru a by Isaac b. Moses (Riaz), 1241 6. Codificatory Works by Nahmanides (Ramban), 1242 7. Sefer ha-Hashlamah by Meshullam b. Moses of Beziers, 1243 8. Sefer ha-Terumot by Samuel Sardi, 1244 9. Sefer Shibbolet Һа-Leket by Zedekiah b. Abraham haRofe, ! 247 10. Sefer Һа-Тапуа, 1248 11. Sefer ha-Neyar, 1248 12. Sha arei Dura by Isaac b. Meir of Düren, 1248 13. Sefer ha-Mordekhai by Mordecai b. Hillel haKohen, 1249 14. Piskei ha-Rosh by Asheri, and Its Commentaries, 1251 a. Púkei ha-Rosh, 1251 b. Commentaries on Piskei ha-Rosh, 1253
...... -rj VI lULUUf L¿. J J (2) Peri Megadim et al. by Yom Tov Lipmann Heller, 1254 (3) Korban Netanelby Nethane! Wei!, 1255 15. Sefer ha-Tashbez by Samson b. Zadok and Sefer haPamas by Moses Pamas of Rothenburg, 1255 16. Sefer Ez Hayyim by Jacob b. Judah Hazzan, 1255 17. Sefer Օրհօէ Hayyim by Aaron b. Jacob ha-Kohen, 1257 18. Sefer Kol Во, 1258 В. Books Organized on the Basis of an Enumeration of the Biblical Commandments, !259 1. Sefer Yere’im by Eliezerb. Samuel (Re em), 1259
Contents xix 2. Sefer Mizvot Gadol (Semag) by Moses of Coucy, 1261 3. Sefer Mizvot Katan (Semak) by Isaac of Corbeil, 1263 4. Sefer ha-Hinnukh, 1265 C. Books Organized According to Idiosyncratic Criteria, 1267 1. Sefer ha-lttur by Isaac of Marseilles, 1267 2. Sefer Meisharim and Toledot Adam ve-Hawah by Rabbenu Jeroham b. Meshullam, 1269 D. The Codificatory Methodology of Solomon b. Abraham Adret (Rashba), 1273 1. Torat ha-Bayit ha-Arokh, Torah ha-Bayit ha-Kazer, and Other Codificatory Works by Ŕashba, 1273 2. Bedek ha-Bayit and Mishmeret ha-Bayit, 1276 II. Sefer Һа-Turim by Jacob b. Asher, 1277 A. Jacob b. Asher s Codificatory Methodology, 1277 B. The Structure and Organization of Sefer ha-Turim, 1287 III. Commentaries on Sefer ha-Turim, 1302 A. Bet Yosef by Joseph Caro and Darkhei Moshe by Moses Isserles (Rema), 1303 B. Bet Yisra el by Joshua Falk, 1303 C. BayitHadash (Bah) by Joel Sirkes, 1303 D. Compilations of Responsa Arranged According to the Organization of Sefer ha-Turim, 1304 IV. Codificatory Literature from Sefer ha-Turim to the Shulhan Arukh, 1304 Chapter 36 THE CODIFICATORY LITERATURE: THE WORKS OF JOSEPH CARO AND MOSES ISSERLES I. Joseph Caro and His Codificatory Achievement, 1309 A. Historical and Halakhic Circumstances, 1309 B. A Two-Part Code: A Book of Halakhot and a Book of Pesakim, 1312 C. Bet Yosef, 1313 1. Compendious Presentation of All the Halakhic Material, 1313 2. Methodology of Determining the Law, 1316 D. The Shulhan Arukh, 1319 1. Codificatory Approach, 1319 2. Structure and Arrangement, 1323 3. Language and Style As Compared to the Turim and
the Mishneh Torah, 1327 E. The Crystallization of the Methodology for Codifying Jewish Law, 1341 П. Moses Isserles (Rema) and His Contribution to the Codificatory Literature, 1345 A. The Polish Jewish Community, 1345 B. Jacob Pollack and Shalom Shakhna, and Their Attitude toward Codification, 1345 C. Moses Isserles (Rema), 1349 D. Darkhei Moshe: Its Purpose and Methodology, 1350 E. Torat Hattat and Its Methodology, 1357 F. Glosses to the Shulhan Arukh: The Mappah—Its Objectives and Methodology, 1359 1309
XX Contents G. The Shulhan Arukh as the Authoritative Code of Jewish Law, 1365 THE CODÏFICATORY LITERATURE: REACTIONS TO THE Chapter 37 SHULHAN ARUKH, AND ITS FINAL ACCERTANO 1367 I. Introduction, 1368 II. The Eastern Countries, 1368 A. Joseph ibn Lev (Maharibal), 1368 , . . B. The Agreement of Two Hundred Rabbis to Caro s Principle of Decision Making, 1369 C. Critiques of Specific Laws in the Shulhan Arukh, 1370 1. Jacob Castro (Maharikash), 1371 2. Samuel Aboab, 1371 3. Yom Tov Zahalon (Maharitaz), 1372 Тһа A aaantanrp ոք tl·lp Shulhan АГикҺ ^ III. The Western Countries, 1374 A. Opposition to the Shulhan Arukh without Proposing Any Alternative Type of Code, 1375 1. Hayyim b. Bezale!, 1375 2. Judah Loew b. Bezalel (Mahara! of Prague), 1379 3. Samuel Eliezer Edels (Maharsha) and Meir b. Gedaliah (Maharam of Lublin), 1383 B. Opposition to the Shulhan Arukh as Manifested by the Composition of Alternative Types of Codes, 1385 1. Solomon Luria (Maharshal), 1385 2. Mordecai Jaffe, 1394 3. Yom Tov Lipmann Heiler, 1403 C. Opposition to the Shulhan Arukh as the Sole Basis for Legal Decisions; Commentaries on the Shulķan Arukh, 1407 1. Joshua Falk, 1408 2. Joel Sirkes, 1415 IV. The Acceptance of the Shulhan Arukh as the Definitive and Authoritative Code of Jewish Law, 1417 A. The Completion of the Codificatory Structure of the Shulhan Arukh by Its Commentaries, 1417 B. Historical Circumstances as a Factor in the Acceptance of the Shulhan Arukh, 1419 Chapter 38 THE CODIFICATORY LITERATURE: COMMENTAMES ON AND CODIFICATION AFTER THE SHULHAN ARUKH I. Introduction, 1424 II. Commentaries
on Hoshen Mishpat, 1424 A. Sefer Me trat Einayim {Sema) by Joshua Falk, 1424 B. Turei Zahav (Taz) by David b. Samuel ha-Levi, !425 C. Sifiei Kohen {Shakh) by Shabbetai b. Meir ha-Kohen, 1425 D. Be er ha-Golah by Moses Rivkes, 1426 E. Urim ve-Thummim by Jonathan Eybeschütz, 1426 F. Be ur ha-Gra by Elijah, Gaon of Vilna, 1427 G. Knot ha-Hoshen by Aryeh Leib Heller, 1428 H. Netim ha-Mishpat by Jacob Lorbeerbaum, 1429
Contents xxi III. Commentaries on Even ha-Ezer, 1429 A. Turei Zahav (Taz) by David b. Samuel ha-Levi, 1429 B. Helkat Меһокек by Moses Lima, 1429 C. Bet Shemu ’el by Samuel Phoebus, 1430 D. Be er ha-Golah by Moses Rivkes, 1430 E. Be’ur ha-Gra by Elijah, Gaon of Vilna, 1430 F. Amei Miilu im by Aryeh Leib Heller, 1431 IV. Commentaries on Orah l·layyim and Yoreh De՛ah, 1431 V. Responsa Compilations Arranged in the Topical Sequence of the Shulhan Arukh, 1432 A. Pánim Hadashot by Isaac Jesurun, 1433 B. Keneset ha-Gedolah by Hayyim Benveniste, 1434 C. Be er Heitev by Judah Ashkenazi and Zechariah Mendel b. Aryeh Leib, 1437 D. Leket ha-Kemah by Moses Hagiz, 1437 E. Yad Aharon by Aaron Alfandari, 1438 F. Birkei Yosef by Hayyim Joseph David Azulai (Hida), 1439 G. Matteh Shim on by Simon Mordecai Bekemoharar, 1439 H. Sha՛arei Teshuvah by Hayyim Mordecai Margolioth, 1440 I. Pithei Teshuvah by Abraham Eisenstadt, 1441 J. Orah Mishpat by Rahamim Elijah Hazzan, 1442 K. Darkhei Teshuvah by Zevi Hirsch Shapira and His Son Hayyim Eleazar Shapira, 1442 L. Ozar ha-Posekim, 1442 M. Halakhah Pesukah, 1443 VI. Codificatory Literature after the Shulhan Arukh, 1443 A. In General, 1443 B. Compilations of Tax Laws, 1444 1. Massa Melekh by Joseph ibn Ezra, 1445 2. Avodat Massa by Joshua Abraham Judah, 1446 3. Massa Hayyim by Hayyim Palache, 1447 C. Codificatory Literature Devoted Mainly to Religious Law, 1447 D. Arukh ha-Shulhan by Jehiel Michal Epstein, 1448 E. Causes of the Decline of Codificatory Authority and Activity, 1450 F. The Problem of Codification at the Present Time, 1451 Chapter 39 THE
RESPONSA LITERATURE I. Introduction, 1454 II. Responsa in the Talmudic Literature, 1454 HI. The Nature and Content of the Responsa Literature, 1456 A. The Distinctiveness of the Responsa Literature as Compared with the Other Types of PostTalmudic Halakhic Literature, 1456 B. The Special Significance and Weight of the Rulings in the Responsa, 1457 C. The Respondent as a Supreme Judicial Tribunal, 1460 D. Responsa and the Development of Jewish Law, 1461 E. Matters of Mishpat Ivri as the Major Subjects of the Responsa, 1461 F. The Magnitude of the Responsa Literature, 1462 G. Responsa as a Source for Knowledge of Enactments, 1453
xxii Contents Customs, Lega! Documents, and Non-Jewish Law, 1463 H. Responsa on Questions of Textual Interpretation, Philosophy, and Religious Beliefs, 1464 I. Responsa as a Source for the History of Halakhic Literature, 1464 J. Responsa as a Historical Source, 1465 K. Responsa and Parallels in Other Legal Systems, 1466 IV. The Different Periods of the Responsa Literature, 1468 A. The Geoide Period, 1468 B. The Period of the Rishonim (Early Authorities), 1473 1. The Nature and Content of the Responsa in the Period of the Rishonim, 1473 2. The Twelfth to Fourteenth Centuries, 1477 3. The Fifteenth Century, 1479 4. Summary, 1480 C. The Period of the Aharonim (Later Authorities) up to the End of the Eighteenth Century, 1482 1 TV. ,, Ы.Һ,™ an А Γηntont nf tVlf íífxnnnv.l ІП the Period of the Aharonim, 1482 2. The Sixteenth Century, 1486 3. The Seventeenth Century, 1488 4. The Eighteenth Century, 1489 D. The Period of the Emancipation—the Nineteenth Century, 1491 1. Nature and Content of the Responsa of the Nineteenth Century and Thereafter, 1491 2. The Responsa in Different Jewish Centers, 1495 E. The Period of National Awakening, the Holocaust, and the Establishment of the Jewish State—the Twentieth Century, 1496 1. The Responsa Literature until the 1940s, 1496 2. The Responsa Literature in the 1940s and Thereafter, 1497 F. Summary, 1499 V. General Overview of the Methodology, Structure, and Form of the Responsa, 1501 A. The Questioners; Submission of Questions, 1501 B. The Structure, Form, Style, Transmittal, and Copying of the Question and Response, 1507 C. Fictitious Names
of Persons and Places in the Responsa, 1512 D. Hypothetical Responsa; Terumat ha-Deshen, 1516 VI. Compilations of Responsa—Redaction and Organization, 1517 ѴП. Research in the Responsa; Digest of the Responsa Literature, 1523 Chapter 40 UTERATURE FACILITATING RESEARCH IN JEWISH LAW: COMPILATIONS OF LEGAL DOCUMENTS REFERENCE WORKS I. Introduction, 1530 Π. Compilations of Legal Documents, 1531 1529
Contents A. Enactments, 1531 B. Legal Instruments (Shetarot), 1533 1. Sefer ha-Shetarot [The Book of Legal Instmments] by Saadiah Gaon, 1535 2. Sefer ha-Shetarot by Hai Gaon, 1536 3. Sefer ha-Shetarot of Lucena, Spain, 1536 4. Sefer ha-Shetarot by Judah al-Bargeloni, 1536 5. Compilation of Legal Instmments in Mahzor Vitry, 1537 6. Compilations in Sefer ha-Ittur and Yad Ramah, 1537 7. Compilations of Legal Instmments Used by English Jews in the Eleventh to Thirteenth Centuries, 1537 8. Legal Instmments Used in Christian Spain in the Twelfth to Fifteenth Centuries, 1538 9. Tikkun Šoferim [The Scribe s Handbook] by Solomon b. Simeon Duran (Rashbash), 1538 10. Tikkun Šoferim by Moses Almosnino and Samuel Jaffe, 1538 11. Tikkun Shetarot by Eliezer Milli, 1538 12. The Compilation in Nahalat Shiv ah by Samuel haLevi, 1539 13. Et Sofer [The Scribe s Quill] by Jacob ibn Zur, 1539 14. Ozar ha-Shetarot [A Treasury of Legal Instmments] by Asher Gulak, 1539 15. Legal Instmments Used in Spain and North Africa in the Eleventh to Fifteenth Centuries, 1540 III. Reference Works, 1540 A. Guidebooks, 1541 1. Seder Tannaim va-Amoraim [Chronicles of the Tannaim and Amoraim], 1541 2. Iggeret Rav Sherira Gaon [The Epistle of Rabbi Sherira Gaon], 1542 3. Mevo ha-Talmud [Introduction to the Talmud] by Samuel ha-Nagid of Egypt, Attributed to Samuel ha-Nagid of Spain, 1543 4. Maimonides Introduction to His Commentary on the Mishnah; The Introductions of Menahem Meiri to Bet ha-Behirah, 1543 5. Sefer Keritut by Samson of Chinon, 1544 6. Halikhot Olam by Joshua ha-Levi, 1545 7. She erit Yosef by
Joseph ibn Verga, 1545 8. Kelalei ha-Gemara [Principles of the Gemara] by Joseph Caro, 1545 9. Kelalei ha-Talmud [Principles of the Talmud] by Bezalel Ashkenazi, 1547 10. Yavin Shemu ah by Solomon Algazi, 1547 11. Yad Malakhi by Malachi ha-Kohen, 1547 12. Guidebooks from the Nineteenth Century and Thereafter, 1548 B. Encyclopedias, 1551 1. Pahad Yizhak by Isaac Lampronti, 1551 2. Sedei Herned by Ңаууһп Hezekiah Medini, 1552 3. Die Exegetische Terminologie der Jüdischen
XXIV Contents C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. Traditionsliteratur [The Exegetical Terminology of the Literature of the Jewish Tradition] by Wilhelm Bacher, 1553 4. Mafte ah ha-Talmud [Key to the Talmud] by Jehiel Michal Guttmann, 1553 5. Enziklopedyah Talmudit [Talmudic Encyclopedia], 1554 6. Haiakhic Works Arranged Alphabetically, 1554 7. Mishpat Ivri Alphabetically Arranged by Subject, 1554 Biographies of Haiakhic Authorities, 1556 1. Biographies According to Historical Periods, 1557 2. Biographies According to Geographical Areas, 1558 3. Biographies of Individual Authorities, 1559 4. Encyclopedias with Biographical Articles, 1560 Bibliographies, 1560 1. General Bibliographies, 1561 2. Bibliographies According to Type of Haiakhic Literature, 1562 3. Bibliographies of Scholarly Literature on Mishpat Ivri, 1562 Lexicons, 1564 Books Explaining Abbreviations, 1566 Textual Variants, 1567 Concordances, 1568 Source References, Sayings, and Aphorisms, 1568 Scholarly Research in Mishpat Ivri, 1569 Journals and Periodicals on Mishpat Ivri, 1570 GLOSSARY G»1
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL ABBREVIATIONS OF BOOKS AND ARTICLES FREQUENTLY CITED H. Albeck, Mavo la֊Mishnah [Introduction to the Mishnah], Jerusalem, 1959 = Albeck, Ma vo. G. Aion (or Allon), Mehkarim be-Toledot Yisra el bi-Меі Bayit Sheni u-vi-Tekufat ha-Mishnah ve-ha-Talmud [Studies in Jewish History in the Days of the Second Temple and in the Mishnaic and Talmudic Period], 2 vols., Tel-Aviv, 1957-1958 = Aion, Mehkarim. (For an English version, see Jews, Judaism and the Classical World: Studies in Jewish History in the Times of the Second Temple and Talmud, I. Abrahams and A. Oshery trans., Jerusalem, 1977.) --------- Toledot ha-Yehudim be-Erez Yisra el bi-Tekufat ha-Mishnah ve-ha-Talmud [History of the Jews in the Land of Israel in the Mishnaic and Talmudic Period], 3rd ed., Tel-Aviv, 1959 = Aion, Toledot. (For an English version, see The Jews in Their Land in the Talmudic Age, G. Levi trans, and ed., Jerusalem, 1 vol., Magnes Press, 1980-1984; reprinted, Harvard University Press, 1989.) S. Assaf, Battei Һа-Din ve-Sidreihem Aharei Hatimat ha-Talmud [Jewish Courts and Their Procedures after the Completion of the Talmud], Je rusalem, 1924 = Assaf, Battei Din. --------- Ha-Onshin Aharei Hatimat ha-Talmud [Penal Law After the Comple tion of the Talmud], Jerusalem, 1922 = Assaf, Onshin. --------- Tekufat ha-Geonim ve-Sifrutah [The Geonic Period and Its Literature], Jerusalem, 1956 = Assaf, Geonim. Y. Baer, Toledot Ha-Yehudim bi-Sefarad ha-Nozrit [A History of the Jews of Christian Spain], 2nd ed., Tel Aviv, 1965. An English translation, A History of the Jews in Christian Spain, JPS, 2
vols., 1961-1966 = Baer, Spain. S.W. Baron, A Social and Religious History of the Jews, JPS-Columbia, 18 vols. 1952-1983 = Baron, History. M.A. Bloch, Sha arei Torat ha-Takkanot [On Legislative Enactments], Vienna etai, 7 vols., 1879-1906 = Bloch, Sha arei.
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