Experimental psychology: methods of research
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
London u.a.
Prentice-Hall Internat.
1990
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| Edition: | 5. ed. |
| Series: | Prentice-Hall international editions
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XII, 387 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0132958090 |
Staff View
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text | Titel: Experimental psychology
Autor: MacGuigan, Frank J.
Jahr: 1990
Contents
PREFACE xi
1 AN OVERVIEW OF EXPERIMENTATION 1
The Nature of Science, 1
Psychological Experimentation: An Application of the Scientific Method, 4
An Example of a Psychological Experiment, 12
Chapter Summary, 13
Critical Review for the Student, 14
2 THE PROBLEM 16
What Is a Problem? 16
Ways in Which a Problem Is Manifested, 16
The Solvable Problem, 21
Degree of Probability, 22
A Working Principle for the Experimenter, 23
Unsolvable Problems, 25
Vicious Circularity, 29
Some Additional Considerations of Problems, 30
Chapter Summary, 32
Critical Review for the Student, 33
3 THE HYPOTHESIS 34
The Nature of a Hypothesis, 34
Analytic, Contradictory, and Synthetic Statements, 35
The Manner of Statins Hypotheses, 37
Types of Hypotheses, 40
Arriving at a Hypothesis, 41
Criteria of Hypotheses, 43
On Accident, Serendipity, and Hypotheses, 45
Chapter Summary, 47
Critical Review for the Student, 48
4 THE EXPERIMENTAL VARIABLES AND HOW TO CONTROL THEM 49
The Independent Variable, 49
The Dependent Variable, 50
Types of Empirical Relationships in Psychology, 56
The Nature of Experimental Control, 57
Chapter Summary, 76
A Critical Review for the Student—Some Control Problems, 76
5 THE RESEARCH PLAN 79
The Evidence Report, 79
Methods of Obtaining an Evidence Report, 79
Types of Experiments, 84
Planning an Experiment, 85
A Summary and Preview, 97
Conducting an Experiment: An Example, 98
Chapter Summary, 101
Critical Review for the Student, 101
6 EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: THE CASE OF TWO INDEPENDENT
GROUPS 102
A General Orientation, 102
Ensuring Equality of Groups through Randomization, 103
Statistical Analysis of the Two-Independent-Groups Design, 105
Steps in Testing an Empirical Hypothesis, 114
Borderline Reliability, 115
The Standard Deviation and Variance, 116
Assumptions Underlying the Use of Statistical Tests, 119
Your Data Analysis Must Be Accurate, 121
Number of Participants per Group, 123
Summary of the Computation of t for a Two-Independent-Groups Design, 125
Chapter Summary, 126
Critical Review for the Student, 126
APPENDIX 130
The Meaning of Degrees of Freedom, 130
7 EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: THE CASE OF MORE THAN TWO
INDEPENDENT GROUPS 132
The Value of More than Two Groups, 132
Rationale for a Multigroup Design, 133
Limitations of a Two-Group Design, 137
Statistical Analysis of a Design with More than Two Independent Groups, 139
Chapter Summary, 152
Statistical Summary, 152
Critical Review for the Student, 155
8 EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: THE FACTORIAL DESIGN 157
The Two Independent Variables, 159
The Concept of Interaction, 160
Statistical Analysis of Factorial Designs, 164
The Importance of Interactions, 175
Interactions, Extraneous Variables, and Conflicting Results, 176
Value of the Factorial Design, 178
Types of Factorial Designs, 179
Chapter Summary, 182
Summary of an Analysis of Variance and the Computation of an F-Test for a 2 x 2
Factorial Design, 182
Critical Review for the Student, 185
9 CORRELATIONAL RESEARCH 187
The Meaning of Correlation, 187
The Computation of Correlational Coefficients, 194
Statistical Reliability of Correlational Coefficients, 197
Chapter Summary, 199
Summary of the Computation of a Pearson Product Moment Coefficient of Correlation, 200
Summary of the Computation for a Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient, 201
Critical Review for the Student, 202
10 EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: THE CASE OF TWO MATCHED GROUPS 204
A Simplified Example of a Two-Matched-Groups Design, 204
Statistical Analysis of a Two-Matched-Groups Design, 206
Selecting the Matching Variable, 207
A More Realistic Example, 209
Which Design to Use: Randomized Groups or Matched Groups? 212
Reducing Error Variance, 213
Replication, 219
Chapter Summary, 220
Summary of the Computation of t for a Two-Matched-Groups Design, 220
Critical Review for the Student, 222
11 EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: REPEATED TREATMENTS FOR
GROUPS 224
Two Conditions, 225
Several Conditions, 226
Statistical Analysis for More than Two Repeated Treatments, 227
Chapter Summary, 237
Summary of Statistical Analysis for Repeated Treatments, 237
More than Two Repeated Treatments, 238
Critical Review for the Student, 240
12 EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: SINGLE-SUBJECT (N = 1) RESEARCH 241
The Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 242
Paradigms for N = 1 Experimental Designs, 247
Chapter Summary, 267
Critical Review for the Student, 268
13 QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS: SEEKING SOLUTIONS TO SOCIETY S
PROBLEMS 270
Applied versus Pure Science, 270
Quasi-Experimental Designs, 272
Conclusion, 283
Chapter Summary, 283
Critical Review for the Student, 284
14 GENERALIZATION, EXPLANATION, AND PREDICTION IN
PSYCHOLOGY 286
The Inductive Schema, 287
Forming the Evidence Report, 297
Inferences from the Evidence Report to the Hypothesis, 299
The Mechanics of Generalization, 303
A Look to the Future, 315
Chapter Summary, 316
Critical Review for the Student, 317
APPENDIX A: STATISTICAL TABLES 318
APPENDIX B: WRITING UP YOUR EXPERIMENT 326
APPENDIX C: THE USE OF COMPUTERS IN RESEARCH 346
APPENDIX D: ETHICAL PRINCIPLES IN THE CONDUCT
OF PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 356
APPENDIX E: ANSWERS TO PROBLEMS 362
GLOSSARY OF TERMS, STATISTICAL SYMBOLS, AND STATISTICAL
EQUATIONS 368
REFERENCES 379
INDEX 383
|
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| discipline | Psychologie |
| edition | 5. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| spelling | McGuigan, Frank J. 1924-1998 Verfasser (DE-588)172244412 aut Experimental psychology methods of research F. J. McGuigan 5. ed. London u.a. Prentice-Hall Internat. 1990 XII, 387 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Prentice-Hall international editions Psychology - Experimental techniques Psychology Experiments Experimentelle Psychologie (DE-588)4016005-1 gnd rswk-swf Methode (DE-588)4038971-6 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4151278-9 Einführung gnd-content Experimentelle Psychologie (DE-588)4016005-1 s Methode (DE-588)4038971-6 s 1\p DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006061719&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
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| title | Experimental psychology methods of research |
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| title_short | Experimental psychology |
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