A theory of the striatum:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Oxford u.a.
Pergamon Press
1993
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. ed. |
| Schriftenreihe: | Pergamon studies in neuroscience
7 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XI, 182 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0080422780 |
Internformat
MARC
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | A Theory of the Striatum
J WICKENS
PERGAMON PRESS
OXFORD • NEW YORK • SEOUL • TOKYO
Contents
1 Introduction 1
1 1 Statement of the problem 1
1 2 The need for a theory 1
1 3 The potential of a modelling approach 3
1 4 Why model the striatum? 5
1 5 Executive functions of the striatum 5
1 6 Brain models and psychological theory 6
1 7 Overall organization of the arguments 7
2 The functions of the striatum 9
2 1 Introduction 9
2 2 Older ideas about striatal function 10
221 Inhibitory functions of the neostriatum 11
222 Turning behaviour 12
223 Slow ramp movements 13
224 Postural regulation 13
225 Movement-related striatal activity 13
226 Higher-level functions 14
2 3 The striatum in the preparation for a preprogrammed action IS
231 Striatal unit activity preceding movement 16
232 Effects of striatal dopamine depletion on preparation 18
233 Striatal lesions impair open-loop control 20
2 4 Striatal involvement in selection and exclusion 21
241 The striatum in control of antagonists and synergists 22
242 Striatal involvement in selection/choice behaviour 24
2 3 The striatum in learning from knowledge of results 25
251 Learning in the striatum: behavioural evidence 25
252 Synaptic plasticity in the striatum: electrophysiology 26
2 6 Summary 27
3 The striatal skeleton 29
3 1 Introduction 29
3 2 The striatum as a field of inhibitory domains 31
321 Striatal output neurons are mutually inhibitory 31
322 The formal definition of an inhibitory domain 32
3 3 The corticostriatal afferents 32
331 The terminal distribution of corticostriatal axons 33
332 Convergence and divergence in cortical afferents 34
V
vi Contents
333 Distribution of corticostriatal afferents in relation to inhibitory
domains 35
3 4 Striatal output 35
341 The internal organization of the globus pallidus 36
342 Interpretation of striofugal anatomy in relation to domains 36
343 Summary 39
3 5 Output from the basal ganglia to the cortex 39
351 Specificity in striatal outflow 40
352 The striatum activates the cortex 40
353 Summary 41
3 6 An estimate of the size of an inhibitory domain 41
3 7 Implications of domains for information processing 42
3 8 Conclusions 42
4 Learning: basis in synaptic modification 44
4 1 Introduction 44
4 2 Two types of learning and synaptic modification 46
421 Dissociation of LTP and striatal mechanisms in learning 47
4 3 Biophysical mechanisms in LTP induction 48
431 The mechanism for cooperativity in LTP 48
432 The temporal contiguity requirements for LTP 49
433 The role of dendritic spines and calcium in LTP 50
434 Calcium channels in LTP 51
435 Long-term depression 52
436 Summary 53
4 4 Learning and synaptic modification in the striatum 54
441 Dopamine as a reward signal 55
442 Where dopamine acts 56
j443 What dopamine does 58
444 Activity-dependence ofdopamine-mediated synaptic modification 60
445 Temporal requirements for reward-mediated learning 61
446 Dendritic spine calcium: possible role in synaptic modification
in the striatum 62
447 Sources of striatal spine calcium influx 62
448A mechanism for synaptic modification in the striatum 64
449 Dopamine D-l and D-2 receptors in motor activation 66
4 5 Summary 68
5 Formalization of the model 70
5 1 Introduction 70
5 2 Definition of the striatal model 71
521 General organization 71
522 Corticostriatal afferents 71
523 Striatal efferents and collaterals 72
524 Dopaminergic afferents 73
525 Cholinergic interneurons 73
Contents vii
526 Neuronalequations 73
527 Dendritic spines: Multicompartment model 76
528 Dendritic spine calcium levels 78
529 The effects of reward 80
5 2 10 Action potential output of striatal neurons 80
5 3 Choice of parameter values 80
531 G£ : the conductance of excitatory synapses 80
532 C*E: the time constant for excitatory synapses •:• 81
533 a/: the time constant for inhibitory synapses 82
534 G1: the conductance of inhibitory synapses 82
535 V : the inhibitory equilibrium potential 83
536 R: the input resistance and C: the membrane capacitance 83
537 VL: the leak equilibrium potential 84
538 0: the action potential threshold 84
539 GK: the potassium conductances 84
5 3 10 Rneek the spine neck resistance 85
5 3 11 The synaptic modification parameters 85
5 3 12 The spine calcium buffers 86
5 4 Simulation techniques 86
541 Single neurons 86
542 Networks 86
6 Simulations 89
6 1 Introduction 89
6 2 Striatal neurodynamics: Short-term activity patterns 89
621 Dopamine and Parkinsonian rigidity: What is the link? 90
622 Effects of G* on a single neuron 91
623 Effects of GK on a single domain 93
624 Sensitivity of G* effect to variations in inhibitory synapses 94
625 Sensitivity of GK effect to variations in excitatory synapses 94
626 Interpretation of GE effects : 95
627 The spatial distribution of activity 97
628 Predictions of the model 100
6281 G* increased by muscarinic overactivity 100
6282 Depolarizing IPSPs in high GK 100
6283 Movement-related neural activity in the striatum 100
6284 Spatial distribution of activity 101
6 3 Learning in the striatal model: Structural evolution 101
631 Dendritic spines and calcium in the state of readiness 101
632 Reward-mediated learning in the striatal model 104
633 Learning from differential reinforcement of responses 105
6331 Learning trials 107
634 Learning to discriminate between two stimuli 110
635 Learning over time 112
636 Reversal learning 115
6 4 Summary 118
viii Contents
7 Discussion 119
7 1 Inhibition in the striatum 120
711 Effects of inhibitory dynamics on learning 122
7 2 Reinforcement learning in neural nets 123
7 3 The striatum and reward-mediated learning: Limitations 125
731 Abrupt changes in strength of stimulus-response connections 126
732 Dopamine effects on motor activation and performance 127
733 Selective effects of drives 128
734 Striatal activity and the meaning of a response 129
7341 Letter-level responses 130
7342 Word-level responses 130
735 Problems with letter-level response representations 130
736 Problems with word-level response representations 133
737 Connection strength, response intensity and force of habit 134
7371 Encoding response intensity in striatal output 135
738 Alternative interpretations of corticostriatal synaptic efficacy 135
74A theory of the striatum 137
741 Motor pre-activation 137
742 Response selection 139
743 Learning from results 140
744 Implications for regional specialization in the striatum 145
745 Implications for Parkinson s disease 146
7 5 Summary 147
Bibliography 149
Index 177
|
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| discipline | Biologie Medizin |
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| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T17:31:13Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0080422780 |
| language | English |
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| physical | XI, 182 S. graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 1993 |
| publishDateSearch | 1993 |
| publishDateSort | 1993 |
| publisher | Pergamon Press |
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| series | Pergamon studies in neuroscience |
| series2 | Pergamon studies in neuroscience |
| spelling | Wickens, Jeff Verfasser aut A theory of the striatum J. Wickens 1. ed. Oxford u.a. Pergamon Press 1993 XI, 182 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Pergamon studies in neuroscience 7 Computer Simulation Corpus Striatum physiology Corpus striatum Physiology Models, Neurological Corpus striatum (DE-588)4224192-3 gnd rswk-swf Corpus striatum (DE-588)4224192-3 s DE-604 Pergamon studies in neuroscience 7 (DE-604)BV005845827 7 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006041877&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Wickens, Jeff A theory of the striatum Pergamon studies in neuroscience Computer Simulation Corpus Striatum physiology Corpus striatum Physiology Models, Neurological Corpus striatum (DE-588)4224192-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4224192-3 |
| title | A theory of the striatum |
| title_auth | A theory of the striatum |
| title_exact_search | A theory of the striatum |
| title_full | A theory of the striatum J. Wickens |
| title_fullStr | A theory of the striatum J. Wickens |
| title_full_unstemmed | A theory of the striatum J. Wickens |
| title_short | A theory of the striatum |
| title_sort | a theory of the striatum |
| topic | Computer Simulation Corpus Striatum physiology Corpus striatum Physiology Models, Neurological Corpus striatum (DE-588)4224192-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Computer Simulation Corpus Striatum physiology Corpus striatum Physiology Models, Neurological Corpus striatum |
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