Employment and development: a new review of evidence
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Paris
OECD
1993
|
| Series: | Development Centre studies
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Item Description: | Franz. Parallelausg. u.d.T.: Emploi et développement |
| Physical Description: | 276 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9264138420 |
Staff View
MARC
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| 100 | 1 | |a Turnham, David |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Employment and development |b a new review of evidence |c by David Turnham |
| 264 | 1 | |a Paris |b OECD |c 1993 | |
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| 490 | 0 | |a Development Centre studies | |
| 500 | |a Franz. Parallelausg. u.d.T.: Emploi et développement | ||
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1970-1993 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Desarrollo económico | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Werkgelegenheid |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Entwicklungsländer | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Wirtschaftsentwicklung | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Economic development | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Labor supply |z Developing countries | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Manpower policy |z Developing countries | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Unemployment |z Developing countries | |
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text | Table of Contents
Preface 9
Acknowledgements 11
Executive Summary 13
Chapter 1. The Expanding Labour Force A Continuing Challenge 23
Labour Force Projections 23
Factors Influencing Participation Rates 24
Are There Advantages in Fast Growth of the Labour Force? 28
What Do We Mean by the Employment Problem? 30
Notes 41
Annex on Measurement Issues 43
Chapter 2. Unemployment in Developing Countries 49
Measured Unemployment: The Legacy of the 1970s 49
Unemployment in the 1980s 55
The Problem of Unemployed Youth 61
Educated Unemployment and Youth Unemployment 64
Unemployment Among Older Workers 67
Unemployment by Type of Worker 68
Rural Unemployment 70
Disguised Unemployment 72
A Summary of the Discussion 74
Notes 87
Annex on Labour Force Surveys 91
Chapter 3. Labour Absorption in the 1970s and 1980s 95
Structural Transformation: An Overview 95
Income Distribution, Labour Earnings and Structural Transformation 101
Labour Absorption in the Rural Areas 103
Farm Systems and Technical Change 105
Other Features Influencing Rural Employment and Earnings Ill
Non farm Rural Employment 114
Urban Employment: the Informal Sector 118
Urban Employment: the Formal Sector 123
Earnings and Human Resource Development 130
Summary 133
Notes 155
Chapter 4. Strategies and Policies I: Comprehensive Approaches 159
Early Models of Development Strategy 159
Developments in the 1970s 160
The OECD Industrialisation Studies 160
The East Asian Development Model 163
The Agricultural Development Model 168
The Socialist Model 173
The World Employment Programme Studies 174
The Basic Needs Strategy 188
Further Consideration of Employment Intensive Development Strategy 192
Notes 196
Annex A. The Recent Experience of Economic Growth 200
Annex B. A Bibliographic Note on the ILO/WEP Country Strategy Missions 207
Chapter 5. Strategies and Policies II: Piecemeal Approaches to Reform 209
The Assault on World Poverty 209
Lending for Rural Development 211
Public Works Programmes 218
Micro Enterprise Development 222
Human Resource Development 227
Conclusions on Piecemeal Reforms 231
Notes 239
Chapter 6. Policies to Promote Labour Intensive Growth 241
The Employment Challenge of the Next 20 Years 241
Why Should We Worry About Employment? 242
What Can Be Done About the Employment Problem? 245
The International Dimension 250
The Politics of Reform 251
Concluding Remarks 253
Bibliography 255
List of Tables and Figures
Table 1.1. Economically Active Population in the World, 1955 2015 33
Table 1.2. Size of the Youth Labour Force: Projections for 1985 2015 34
Table 1.3. Labour Force Participation Rates in 1985 by Region, Sex and Age Group.... 36
Table 1.4. Female Participation: Regional and Cultural Impacts 37
Table 2.1. Urban Unemployment Rates, 1970 1990. 76
Table 2.2. Regional Rates of Unemployment; Various Countries 79
Table 2.3. Age specific Urban Unemployment Rates 80
Table 2.4. Youth Participation Rates; Recent Years 81
Table 2.5. Employment Categories and Unemployment: Abidjan and Lima
1985/86 81
Table 2.6. India: Unemployment by Household Type, 1983 81
Table 2.7. Concentration of Urban Unemployment According
to Educational Attainment 82
Table 2.8. Unemployment and Family Income Distribution in Five Latin American
Countries, 1985 83
Table 2.9. Distribution of Usual Labour Force Status by Current Status
in Urban India, 1983 84
Table 2.10. Distribution of Weekly Labour Force Status by Daily Status
in Urban India, 1983 85
Table 2.11. A Comparison of Rural and Urban Male Unemployment Rates in Selected
Developing Countries 86
Table 3.1. Urban Population and Population Growth by Region, 1965 1989 136
Table 3.2. Latin America: Evolution of Average Real Earnings by Type of Economic
Activity and Labour Market Segment, 1980 89 137
Table 3.3. Agricultural Labour Force and Agricultural Income: Growth Rates, 1965 88 . 138
Table 3.4. Arable and Permanent Crop Land 139
Table 3.5. Landholding and Farm Size, ca. 1970 140
Table 3.6. Increase in Irrigated Land, 1970 88 141
Table 3.7. Share of Rural Non Farm Employment in Developing Countries 142
Table 3.8. Extent of Rural Non Farm Activities, Thailand, 1975 76 144
Table 3.9. Sources of Income by Farm Size: Rural India, 1970/71 145
Table 3.10. Industrial Structure of Urban Employment 146
Table 3.11. Rough Estimates of the Informal and Formal Sectors in Urban Areas 147
Table 3.12. Informal/Formal Sector Labour Mobility in Costa Rica 148
Table 3.13. Education and the Labour Force 149
Table 3.14. Village Outmigration by Educational Status, C6te d lvoire, 1968 150
Table 4.1. Direct, Indirect and Total Nominal Protection Rates for Agriculture 194
Table 4.2. Economic Performance of ILO Case Study Countries, ca. 1970 90 195
Table 5.1. World Bank Lending for Rural Development and Other Agricultural Projects . 233
Table 5.2. Success and Failure Among World Bank Audited Rural Development
and Other Agricultural Projects 234
Table 5.3. Relative Significance of Works Programmes in Creating Employment 235
Table 5.4. Characteristics of USAID Supported Microenterprise Projects 237
Table 5.5. Enrolment Ratios by Education Level and by Quintile of Household Income,
Malaysia and Colombia, 1974 238
Figure 1.1. Labour Force in Major Groups of Countries, 1955 2015 38
Figure 1.2. Female Participation Rates at Various Levels of Per Capita Income, 1985 .... 39
Figure 1.3. Trends in Fertility and in Contraceptive Prevalence in the Developing World,
by Region 40
Figure 3.1. Per Capita Income and Sectoral Distribution of Labour Force 151
Figure 3.2. Percentage Change 1970 1980 in the Share of the Male Labour Force
Active in Agriculture 152
Figure 3.3. A Schematic View of Growth and the Distribution of Earnings 153
Figure 3.4. The Urban Labour Market and Its Main Subdivisions 154
Annex Table 1.1. Alternative Criteria for Labour Force Membership:
Women in Rural Egypt 48
Annex Table 4.1. Trends in Per Capita GDP Growth Rates, 1980/89 and 1965/68 204
Annex Table 4.2. The Share of Manufactures in Exports, 1965 and 1989,
Selected Countries 205
Annex Table 4.3. A Comparison of Per Capita Agricultural and GDP Growth Rates,
1980 89 206
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| spelling | Turnham, David Verfasser aut Employment and development a new review of evidence by David Turnham Paris OECD 1993 276 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Development Centre studies Franz. Parallelausg. u.d.T.: Emploi et développement Geschichte 1970-1993 gnd rswk-swf Desarrollo económico Werkgelegenheid gtt Entwicklungsländer Wirtschaftsentwicklung Economic development Labor supply Developing countries Manpower policy Developing countries Unemployment Developing countries Beschäftigungspolitik (DE-588)4005982-0 gnd rswk-swf Países subdesarrollados - Renta, Distribución de la Entwicklungsländer (DE-588)4014954-7 gnd rswk-swf Beschäftigungspolitik (DE-588)4005982-0 s Entwicklungsländer (DE-588)4014954-7 g DE-604 Geschichte 1970-1993 z Parallele Sprachausgabe französisch Turnham, David Emploi etdéveloppement HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=005235343&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Turnham, David Employment and development a new review of evidence Desarrollo económico Werkgelegenheid gtt Entwicklungsländer Wirtschaftsentwicklung Economic development Labor supply Developing countries Manpower policy Developing countries Unemployment Developing countries Beschäftigungspolitik (DE-588)4005982-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4005982-0 (DE-588)4014954-7 |
| title | Employment and development a new review of evidence |
| title_auth | Employment and development a new review of evidence |
| title_exact_search | Employment and development a new review of evidence |
| title_full | Employment and development a new review of evidence by David Turnham |
| title_fullStr | Employment and development a new review of evidence by David Turnham |
| title_full_unstemmed | Employment and development a new review of evidence by David Turnham |
| title_short | Employment and development |
| title_sort | employment and development a new review of evidence |
| title_sub | a new review of evidence |
| topic | Desarrollo económico Werkgelegenheid gtt Entwicklungsländer Wirtschaftsentwicklung Economic development Labor supply Developing countries Manpower policy Developing countries Unemployment Developing countries Beschäftigungspolitik (DE-588)4005982-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Desarrollo económico Werkgelegenheid Entwicklungsländer Wirtschaftsentwicklung Economic development Labor supply Developing countries Manpower policy Developing countries Unemployment Developing countries Beschäftigungspolitik Países subdesarrollados - Renta, Distribución de la |
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