Acid rain: its causes and its effects on inland waters
The causes and consequences of acid rain are subjects of considerable concern, controversy, and confusion. The effects of acid deposition on the chemistry of lakes and streams, and on the survival of fish and other aquatic life, have been greatly clarified by the results of the recent Anglo-Scandina...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Oxford
Clarendon Press
1992
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Science, technology, and society series
8 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | The causes and consequences of acid rain are subjects of considerable concern, controversy, and confusion. The effects of acid deposition on the chemistry of lakes and streams, and on the survival of fish and other aquatic life, have been greatly clarified by the results of the recent Anglo-Scandinavian research programme. A concise, nonspecialist account of the results, their interpretation, and implications is here presented by the Director of the programme. The book includes chapters on emissions, transport, and deposition of acid pollution; hydrochemical studies in catchments; catchment process studies; catchment manipulation experiments; the role of hydrology and soil chemistry; palaeolimnological studies; the toxic effects of acidification on fish and other aquatic life; and catchment modelling studies. The highly interdisciplinary nature of the research should make the book appeal to a wide range of scientists and to policy-makers interested in acid rain and its consequences. It is also aimed at postgraduates and third-year undergraduate students in the environmental sciences. |
| Beschreibung: | IX, 126 S. graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 0198583443 |
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| 520 | 3 | |a The causes and consequences of acid rain are subjects of considerable concern, controversy, and confusion. The effects of acid deposition on the chemistry of lakes and streams, and on the survival of fish and other aquatic life, have been greatly clarified by the results of the recent Anglo-Scandinavian research programme. A concise, nonspecialist account of the results, their interpretation, and implications is here presented by the Director of the programme. The book includes chapters on emissions, transport, and deposition of acid pollution; hydrochemical studies in catchments; catchment process studies; catchment manipulation experiments; the role of hydrology and soil chemistry; palaeolimnological studies; the toxic effects of acidification on fish and other aquatic life; and catchment modelling studies. The highly interdisciplinary nature of the research should make the book appeal to a wide range of scientists and to policy-makers interested in acid rain and its consequences. It is also aimed at postgraduates and third-year undergraduate students in the environmental sciences. | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Dépôts acides - Aspect de l'environnement - Europe | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Contents List of plates x 1; 1 1 1 2 6 The search for answers to key questions 1.1 Introduction ’ 1.2 The nature of the problem - λ ■ · 1.3 The Surface Waters Acidification Programme ; 1.4 References 2. The emission, transport, and chemical transformation - of acid pollutants in the atmosphere 2.1 Introduction . 2.2 Emissions 2.3 Transport and chemical transformation öf acidifying ՛ gases ՛ 2.4 References 3. 4. Acid deposition in the UK and Europe 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Acid deposition in the UK 3.2.1 Wet deposition ՝ 3.2.2 Dry deposition ,,■/ 3.2.3 Total deposition ; 3.2.4 The episodic character of depositions 3.3 Modelling and measurement of acid deposition over : Europe. ··;■.,:· · . ՝֊ : ·;·:.· ■: 3.4 Critical loads and target levels for acid deposition ; 3.5 References The role of hydrology in determining the chemistry of surface waters 4.1 Mechanisms of water transport through soils ; : 4.2 Hydrochemical changes in experimental catchments : 4.2.1 Introduction - 4.2.2 Hydrochemical changes in the Alit a’Mharcaidh catchment 4.2.3 The Birkenes catchment 4.2.4 The Svartberget catchment 4.2.5 Loch Ard catchments 4.2.6 Conclusions ՜ 4.3 References 7 7 7 13 17 18 18 18 19 21 22 23 24 26 28 29 29 30 30 30 35 36 38 38 38
viii 5. 6. ; Ί. 8. 9. CONTENTS The role of soils in the acidification of surface waters 5.1 Some notes on soil structure and chemistry 5.2 Soil formation by weathering of rocks and minerals 5.3 Measurements of weathering rates 5.4 Soil-water interactions 5.4.1 Introduction — some basic concepts 5.4.2 Role of weathering and cation exchange in the acidification of soil and soil water 5.4.3 Other mechanisms involved in the acidification of soil and soil water , 5.4.4 Processes tending to neutralize soil acidification 5.4.5 The effects of forests, vegetation, and land use 5.4.6 Evidence for soil acidification 5.4.7 Aluminium chemistry in acid soils and waters 5.5 References ՝ ■ ■: 40 40 43 45 47 47 Comparative catchment studies 6.1 The measurements and their interpretation 6.2 Main conclusions for each catchment 6.3 References 59 59 67 68 The history of lake acidification as reconstructed from palaeolimnological evidence 7.1 Introduction and overview 7.2 The research strategy 7.3 Long-term acidification · .՛ ՛·■ 7.4 Changes post ad 1800 at sites with high and low acid deposition 7.5 The causes of lake acidification 7.6 Evidence of recent recovery in lake-water chemistry 7.7 References The effects of acidification on fish and other aquatic life 8.1 Fishery status of lakes and streams in relation to water chemistry 8.2 The effect of acidic episodes on fish mortalities 8.3 Studies of fish mortalities in laboratory experiments 8.4 Effects on other aquatic biota 8.5 The physiology of ion regulation and salt balance in fishes 8.6 References Models of acidification of surface waters
9.1 Introduction 9.2 The MAGIC model 49 51 52 53 54 55 58 69 69 72 73 75 77 80 82 84 84 89 92 95 97 99 100 100 100
CONTENTS 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 10. ix 9.2.1 Model structure 9.2.2 Inorganic carbon reactions in soil water 9.2.3 Solid and aqueous phase aluminium reactions 9.2.4 Cation exchange between soil and soil water 9.2.5 Calculations of soil and soil-water chemistry 9.2.6 Calculation of stream-water chemistry 9.2.7 Some applications of the MAGIC model The Birkenes model The Imperial College model General conclusions References Manipulation experiments on catchments . 10.1 Introduction 10.2 The Sogndal acidification experiment 10.3 The Risdalsheia acid exclusion experiment 10.4 The Loch Fleet liming project 10.5 References 100 101 102 102 103 104 104 107 109 111 112 ^ , 114 114 114 115 116 118 Appendix: Main conclusions of the Surface Waters Acidification Programme 119 Index 123
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| indexdate | 2024-07-09T16:49:42Z |
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| spelling | Mason, Basil J. 1923-2015 Verfasser (DE-588)142412325 aut Acid rain its causes and its effects on inland waters B. J. Mason Oxford Clarendon Press 1992 IX, 126 S. graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Science, technology, and society series 8 The causes and consequences of acid rain are subjects of considerable concern, controversy, and confusion. The effects of acid deposition on the chemistry of lakes and streams, and on the survival of fish and other aquatic life, have been greatly clarified by the results of the recent Anglo-Scandinavian research programme. A concise, nonspecialist account of the results, their interpretation, and implications is here presented by the Director of the programme. The book includes chapters on emissions, transport, and deposition of acid pollution; hydrochemical studies in catchments; catchment process studies; catchment manipulation experiments; the role of hydrology and soil chemistry; palaeolimnological studies; the toxic effects of acidification on fish and other aquatic life; and catchment modelling studies. The highly interdisciplinary nature of the research should make the book appeal to a wide range of scientists and to policy-makers interested in acid rain and its consequences. It is also aimed at postgraduates and third-year undergraduate students in the environmental sciences. ACID RAIN unbist ACIDIFICATION unbist Acidification des cours d'eau, lacs, etc Dépôts acides - Aspect de l'environnement - Europe INLAND WATERS unbist Oppervlaktewater gtt Pluies acides Zure regen gtt Umwelt Acid deposition Environmental aspects Europe Acid pollution of rivers, lakes, etc Acid rain Saurer Regen (DE-588)4179239-7 gnd rswk-swf Binnengewässer (DE-588)4006758-0 gnd rswk-swf Europa Saurer Regen (DE-588)4179239-7 s DE-604 Binnengewässer (DE-588)4006758-0 s Science, technology, and society series 8 (DE-604)BV004364636 8 Digitalisierung UB Bamberg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=004244511&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Mason, Basil J. 1923-2015 Acid rain its causes and its effects on inland waters Science, technology, and society series ACID RAIN unbist ACIDIFICATION unbist Acidification des cours d'eau, lacs, etc Dépôts acides - Aspect de l'environnement - Europe INLAND WATERS unbist Oppervlaktewater gtt Pluies acides Zure regen gtt Umwelt Acid deposition Environmental aspects Europe Acid pollution of rivers, lakes, etc Acid rain Saurer Regen (DE-588)4179239-7 gnd Binnengewässer (DE-588)4006758-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4179239-7 (DE-588)4006758-0 |
| title | Acid rain its causes and its effects on inland waters |
| title_auth | Acid rain its causes and its effects on inland waters |
| title_exact_search | Acid rain its causes and its effects on inland waters |
| title_full | Acid rain its causes and its effects on inland waters B. J. Mason |
| title_fullStr | Acid rain its causes and its effects on inland waters B. J. Mason |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acid rain its causes and its effects on inland waters B. J. Mason |
| title_short | Acid rain |
| title_sort | acid rain its causes and its effects on inland waters |
| title_sub | its causes and its effects on inland waters |
| topic | ACID RAIN unbist ACIDIFICATION unbist Acidification des cours d'eau, lacs, etc Dépôts acides - Aspect de l'environnement - Europe INLAND WATERS unbist Oppervlaktewater gtt Pluies acides Zure regen gtt Umwelt Acid deposition Environmental aspects Europe Acid pollution of rivers, lakes, etc Acid rain Saurer Regen (DE-588)4179239-7 gnd Binnengewässer (DE-588)4006758-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | ACID RAIN ACIDIFICATION Acidification des cours d'eau, lacs, etc Dépôts acides - Aspect de l'environnement - Europe INLAND WATERS Oppervlaktewater Pluies acides Zure regen Umwelt Acid deposition Environmental aspects Europe Acid pollution of rivers, lakes, etc Acid rain Saurer Regen Binnengewässer Europa |
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