Acoustic systems in biology:
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
New York u.a.
Oxford Univ. Press
1992
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XIII, 333 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0195069404 |
Staff View
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Acoustic systems in biology |c Neville H. Fletcher |
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Record in the Search Index
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ACOUSTIC SYSTEMS
IN BIOLOGY
Neville H ^ etcher
CSIRO Australia
and Australian National University
New York Oxford
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
CONTENTS
Common symbols xi
1 PHYSICS, BIOLOGY, AND MATHEMATICS 3
1 1 Physics and Biology 3
1 2 Building Blocks and Models 4
1 3 Appropriately Complex Models 6
1 4 Mathematics 6
2 SIMPLE VIBRATORS 8
2 1 The One-Dimensional Simple Oscillator 9
2 2 Choice of Units 11
2 3 Complex Notation 11
2 4 Damping 14
2 5 The Sinusoidally Driven Oscillator 16
2 6 Impedance and Admittance 20
2 7 Linearity and Superposition 23
2 8 Transient Response 24
2 9 Nonlinearity 26
3 VIBRATION OF STRINGS AND BARS 30
3 1 Extended Systems 31
3 2 The Wave Equation 31
3 3 Normal Modes of a String 33
3 4 Normal Modes and Eigenfunctions 35
3 5 Damping 37
3 6 The Sinusoidally Driven String 38
3 7 String Excitation by a Distributed Force 39
3 8 Point Admittance and Transfer Admittance 39
3 9 Bars and Rods 42
3 10 Sinusoidally Driven Bars - 46
3 11 Imperfectly Clamped Bars—Sensory Hairs 46
3 12 End-Loaded Bars—Otoliths 47
4 SENSORY HAIRS AND OTOLITHS 53
4 1 Sensory Hairs 53
4 2 Viscosity and Boundary Layers 54
4 3 Viscous Force on a Hair 56
4 4 Sensory Hairs 57
4 5 Sensory Thresholds 61
4 6 Otoliths 63
4 7 Nonlinearity 67
5 VIBRATION OF MEMBRANES, PLATES, AND SHELLS 70
5 1 Extended Surfaces 71
5 2 Vibration of Rectangular Membranes 71
viii CONTENTS
5 3 Vibration of Circular Membranes 73
5 4 Tapered Membranes 76
53 Sinusoidally Driven Membranes 78
5 6 Elastically Braced Membranes 79
5 7 Loaded Membranes 81
5 8 Slack Membranes 83
5 9 Vibration of Plates 83
5 10 Vibration of Shells 85
5 11 Buckling of Shells 86
6 ACOUSTIC WAVES 89
6 1 Waves 90
6 2 Plane Waves 90
6 3 Sound Pressure and Intensity 94
6 4 Reflection and Transmission at a Boundary 97
6 5 Wave Attenuation 99
6 6 Spherical Waves 100
6 7 Surface Waves on Water 103
6 8 Surface Waves in Solids 104
6 9 Scattering by Solid Objects 105
6 10 Scattering by Bubbles 107
7 ACOUSTIC SOURCES AND RADIATION 110
7 1 Sound Generation 111
7 2 Simple Spherical Source 111
7 3 Mechanical and Acoustic Impedance 112
7 4 Source near a Reflector 114
7 5 Radiation from a Vibrating Disc 116
7 6 Radiation from a Vibrating Panel 117
7 7 Radiation from an Open Pipe 119
7 8 The Near Field 122
7 9 The Reciprocity Theorem 124
7 10 Acoustic Sources and Power 125
7 11 Underwater Sources 125
8 LOW-FREQUENCY NETWORK ANALOGS 128
8 1 Electric Analogs 129
8 2 Analogs for Mechanical Components 130
8 3 Levers 134
8 4 Analogs for Acoustic Components 137
8 5 End Correction for a Pipe and an Aperture 141
8 6 The Helmholtz Resonator 142
8 7 The Tympanum 143
8 8 Solution of Networks 147
8 9 Computer Solutions 149
9 LOW-FREQUENCY AUDITORY MODELS 152
9 1 Constructing Models 153
9 2 The Incident Sound Field—Diffraction 154
9 3 Response and Sensory Threshold 156
9 4 Baffled Diaphragm 157
CONTENTS
Simple Cavity-Backed Ear
Neural Transducer Matching
Cavity-Coupled Ears
A More Elaborate Model
Laboratory Studies
An Aquatic Auditory System
Conclusions
IX
10 PIPES AND HORNS 178
10 1 Acoustic Elements 179
10 2 Pipes and Tubes 179
10 3 Wall Losses 182
10 4 Helmholtz Resonator 183
10 5 Simple Horns 186
10 6 Directionality of a Horn 194'
10 7 Obliquely Truncated Horns 195
10 8 Higher Modes in Horns 196
10 9 Shallow Asymmetric Horns 198
10 10 Hybrid Reflector Horns 201
11 HIGH-FREQUENCY AUDITORY MODELS 204
11 1 High Frequencies 204
11 2 Horn-Loaded Simple Ear 204
11 3 Pipe-Coupled Ears 208
11 4 Complex Systems 212
12 THE INNER EAR 215
12 1 Neural Transducers 215
12 2 The Transduction Problem 216
12 3 A Frequency-Dispersive Membrane 217
12 4 Cochlear Mechanics 219
12 5 The Middle Ear 225
12 6 Active Cochlear Response 228
13 MECHANICALLY EXCITED SOUND GENERATORS 230
13 1 Sound Production 231
13 2 Impulsive Excitation 232
13 3 Frictional Excitation 234
13 4 Harmonics, Mode Locking, and Chaos 238
13 5 Pick and File Excitation 240
13 6 Buckling Tymbals 242
13 7 Conclusions 243
14 PNEUMATICALLY EXCITED SOUND GENERATORS 245
14 1 Air-Driven Systems 246
14 2 Larynx and Syrinx 247
14 3 Vocal Systems 254
14 4 An Avian Vocal System 258
14 5 Other Vocal Systems 264
14 6 Aerodynamic Systems 265
X
15 SIGNALS, NOISE, AND INFORMATION
15 1 Communication
15 2 Time and Frequency
15 3 Signals and Noise
15 4 Information and Coding
15 5 Animal Sonar
15 6 Neural Processing
15 7 Conclusion
APPENDIXES
A Mathematical Appendix
B Pipe and Horn Impedance Coefficients
C Physical Quantities and Units
Glossary
Bibliography
Index
CONTENTS |
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| discipline | Physik Biologie |
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| indexdate | 2024-07-20T07:50:51Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0195069404 |
| language | English |
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| physical | XIII, 333 S. graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 1992 |
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| spelling | Fletcher, Neville H. Verfasser aut Acoustic systems in biology Neville H. Fletcher New York u.a. Oxford Univ. Press 1992 XIII, 333 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Bioacoustics Bioakustik (DE-588)4125205-6 gnd rswk-swf Hören (DE-588)4025405-7 gnd rswk-swf Bioakustik (DE-588)4125205-6 s DE-604 Hören (DE-588)4025405-7 s HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=004033466&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Fletcher, Neville H. Acoustic systems in biology Bioacoustics Bioakustik (DE-588)4125205-6 gnd Hören (DE-588)4025405-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4125205-6 (DE-588)4025405-7 |
| title | Acoustic systems in biology |
| title_auth | Acoustic systems in biology |
| title_exact_search | Acoustic systems in biology |
| title_full | Acoustic systems in biology Neville H. Fletcher |
| title_fullStr | Acoustic systems in biology Neville H. Fletcher |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acoustic systems in biology Neville H. Fletcher |
| title_short | Acoustic systems in biology |
| title_sort | acoustic systems in biology |
| topic | Bioacoustics Bioakustik (DE-588)4125205-6 gnd Hören (DE-588)4025405-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Bioacoustics Bioakustik Hören |
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