Handbook of air pollution analysis:
Saved in:
| Format: | Book |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
London u. a.
Chapman and Hall
1986
|
| Edition: | 2. ed. |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XXII, 634 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0412244101 |
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MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Handbook of air pollution analysis |c ed. by Roy M. Harrison ... |
| 250 | |a 2. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a London u. a. |b Chapman and Hall |c 1986 | |
| 300 | |a XXII, 634 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 650 | 7 | |a Atmosphère - Pollution - Mesure - Manuels d'enseignement |2 ram | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Chimie de l'environnement - Manuels d'enseignement |2 ram | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Air Pollution |x analysis | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Air |x Pollution |x Measurement |v Handbooks, manuals, etc | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Environmental Monitoring | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Environmental chemistry |v Handbooks, manuals, etc | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Luftverschmutzung |0 (DE-588)4074381-0 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Chemische Analyse |0 (DE-588)4009840-0 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Harrison, Roy M. |d 1948- |e Sonstige |0 (DE-588)137761821 |4 oth | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m HBZ Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=003849595&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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| _version_ | 1804120319643877376 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: Handbook of air pollution analysis
Autor: Harrison, Roy M.
Jahr: 1986
Contents
Preface to second edition page xix
Contributors xxi
1 General sampling techniques 1
C. A. Pio
1.1 Sampling goals and requirements 1
1.1.1 Ambient sampling 1
1.1.1.1 General objectives 1
1.1.1.2 Meteorological considerations 2
1.1.1.3 Sampling site criteria 4
1.1.1.4 Sample scheduling 5
1.1.2 Source sampling 8
1.1.2.1 General objectives 8
1.1.2.2 Stationary source sampling 8
1.1.2.3 Mobile source sampling 18
1.2 Sampling methods 21
1.2.1 General sampling system considerations 21
1.2.1.1 Intake and transfer component 21
1.2.1.2 Collection component 22
1.2.1.3 Flow measurement component 23
1.2.1.4 Air moving component 25
1.2.2 Aerosols 25
1.2.2.1 Aerosol sampling considerations 25
1.2.2.2 Aerosol sampling collection components 34
1.2.2.3 Ambient aerosol sampling applications 41
1.2.2.4 Emission source aerosol sampling applications 55
1.2.3 Gases 65
1.2.3.1 Gas sampling considerations 65
1.2.3.2 Gas sampling collection components 66
1.2.3.3 Ambient gas sampling applications 71
1.2.3.4 Emission source gas sampling applications 78
1.2.4 Sampling of rainwater and fog 82
References 85
y i Contents
2 Air pollution meteorology 95
D. J. Moore
2.1 Introduction 95
2.1.1 Wind and the turbulent mixing layer 95
2.1.2 The effect of source height 97
2.1.3 Plant design to achieve maximum atmospheric
dispersion 99
2.1.4 Factors affecting long-range transport of pollutants 100
2.2 Meteorological measurements 100
2.2.1 Parameters affecting transport and dispersion of
pollutants 100
2.2.2 Wind velocity measurements 101
2.2.3 Measurements to determine the atmospheric stability 102
2.2.3.1 Parameterizing the stability 102
2.2.3.2 Measurements of temperature at a fixed height 102
2.2.3.3 Measurements of vertical temperature gradient 103
2.2.3.4 Measurements of thermal radiation 103
2.2.4 Turbulence measurements 105
2.2.4.1 Turbulent energy 105
2.2.4.2 Turbulence spectra 105
2.2.4.3 Turbulent fluxes 105
2.2.5 Measurements of mixing depth 106
2.2.6 Precipitation measurements 107
2.3 Outline of the more important features of the atmospheric
transport and dispersion of pollutants 107
2.3.1 Transport and dispersion in different types of air mass or
air stream 107
2.3.1.1 Air stream characteristics 107
2.3.1.2 Air mass origins 108
2.3.2 Diurnal variations in air stream characteristics 108
2.3.2.1 Settled anticyclonic 108
2.3.2.2 Warm advection 111
2.3.2.3 Cold advection 112
2.3.2.4 Unsettled cyclonic 112
2.3.3 Frequency of occurrence of different air streams 112
2.3.4 Land and sea breezes 113
2.3.5 Upslope and downslope winds 114
2.3.6 Urban areas and elevated sources 114
2.4 Calculation of the atmospheric transmission of pollutants 115
2.4.1 Introduction 115
2.4.2 Calculation of plume rise 115
2.4.2.1 Selection of equation 115
2.4.2.2 Plume rise formulae 116
2.4.3 The effect of particle fall velocity on plume height 118
2.4.4 Calculation of dispersion 119
Contents vii
2.4.4.1 Eddy diffusivity (or K-type) models 120
2.4.4.2 Gaussian models 120
2.4.4.3 Second and higher order closure models 121
2.4.5 Box and cell models 121
2.4.6 Calculation of trajectories 124
2.4.7 The effects of deposition 124
2.4.7.1 General 124
2.4.7.2 Dry deposition 125
2.4.7.3 Wet deposition 125
2.4.7.4 Occult deposition 125
2.5 Examples of calculations using Gaussian models 127
References 131
3 Air pollution chemistry 133
A. M. Winer
3.1 Introduction 133
3.2 Inorganic reactions 134
3.2.1 The NO-NO2O3 cycle 134
3.2.2 Formation of radical intermediates 135
3.2.2.1 Hydroxyl and hydroperoxyl radicals 135
3.2.2.2 The NO3 radical 136
3.2.3 Termination reactions 137
3.2.4 Other important inorganic reactions 137
3.2.4.1 HONO 137
3.2.4.2 HN03, N2O5 and acid deposition 138
3.2.5 Peak concentrations of selected inorganic pollutants
observed or expected in polluted atmospheres 139
3.3 Reactions involving organic compounds 140
3.3.1 Reactions of OH radicals with organics 140
3.3.1.1 Alkanes 140
3.3.1.2 Alheñes 141
3.3.1.3 Aromatics 142
3.3.1.4 Aldehydes 144
3.3.2 Reactions of O3 with organics 144
3.3.3 Reactions of NO3 radicals with organics 145
3.3.3.1 Alkanes 147
3.3.3.2 Alkenes 147
3.3.3.3 Aldehydes 147
3.3.3.4 Aromatics 148
3.4 Gas-to-particle conversion 149
3.4.1 SO2 photo-oxidation and formation of sulphate
particulate 149
3.4.2 Formation of secondary nitrate and organic particulate 149
3.5 Conclusion 150
References 150
viti Contents
4 Analysis of paniculate pollutants 155
R. M. Harrison
4.1 Introduction 155
4.1.1 Emission of particulate matter 157
4.1.2 Emission factors for particulate matter 157
4.1.3 Dispersion of atmospheric pollutants from a point
source 157
4.1.3.1 Problems of short-term sampling 161
4.2 Suspended material 162
4.2.1 Sampling techniques 162
4.2.1.1 Filter paper techniques 162
4.2.2 Determination of total particulate pollutant
concentrations 166
4.2.2.1 Light reflectance method 166
4.2.2.2 Gravimetric techniques 168
4.2.2.3 Other filter paper devices 169
4.2.2.4 Piezoelectric mass monitors 171
4.2.3 Cascade impactors 172
4.2.4 Light scattering techniques 175
4.2.4.1 The integrating nephelometer 175
4.2.4.2 Aerosol particle counters 176
4.2.5 The directional sampler 177
4.3 Dustfall sampling 179
4.3.1 Introduction 179
4.3.2 Designs of national deposit gauges 180
4.3.2.1 The British Standard deposit gauge 181
4.3.2.2 French Standard deposit gauge (Ref. NF, X43-006
(1972)) 182
4.3.2.3 Norwegian NILU deposit gauge 183
4.3.3 Short-term surveys 183
4.3.3.1 Single bowl surveys 185
4.3.3.2 Larger surveys 185
4.3.4 British Standard directional deposit gauge 187
4.4 Physical techniques for classification of particulates 189
4.4.1 Density gradient separation 189
4.4.1.1 Density gradient liquids 189
4.4.1.2 Recovery and cleaning of liquids 190
4.4.1.3 Preparation of the gradient 191
4.4.2 Dispersion staining 195
4.4.3 Microscopic techniques 197
4.4.3.1 Mounting samples 198
4.4.3.2 Identification of dusts and reference library 199
4.4.3.3 Description of dusts from different combustion and
industrial sources 199
4.4.3.4 oust identification table 203
Contents ¡X
4.4.4 Determination of asbestos 205
4.4.4.1 Membrane filter method 205
4.4.4.2 Infrared technique for ambient atmospheres 206
4.4.4.3 Transmission electron microscope methods for ambient
atmospheres 207
4.4.5 Determination of particle size distribution 207
4:4.5.1 Sieve techniques 208
4.4.5.2 Microscope techniques 208
References 212
5 Metal analysis 215
R. M. Harrison
5.1 Introduction 215
5.2 Analysis of particulate matter 216
5.2.1 General sampling considerations 216
5.2.2 Analytical methods involving no pretreatment of the
sample 219
5.2.2.1 X-ray emission analysis 219
5.2.2.2 Radioactivation methods 223
5.2.3 Methods involving pretreatment of the samples 228
5.2.3.1 Emission spectrography 228
5.2.3.2 Ring oven methods 231
5.2.3.3 Polarography 235
5.2.3.4 Anodic stripping voltammetry 237
5.2.3.5 Spark source mass spectrometry 239
5.2.3.6 Spectrophotometry and fluorometry 241
5.2.3.7 Atomic spectroscopy 246
5.2.3.8 Other analytical methods 258
5.3 Gases and vapours 260
5.3.1 General sampling considerations 260
5.3.2.1 Metal carbonyls 261
5.3.2.2 Hg and its compounds 264
5.3.2.3 Volatile Pb compounds 267
References 271
6 Nitrogen and sulphur compounds 279
R. M. Harrison
6.1 Introduction 279
6.2 Basic analytical techniques 282
6.2.1 Sampling techniques 282
6.2.2 Analytical methods - chemical 284
6.2.2.1 Acidimétrie methods 284
6.2.2.2 Colorimetrie methods 284
6.2.2.3 Coulometric methods 286
x Contents
6.2.2.4 Miscellaneous chemical methods 287
6.2.3 Physical methods 288
6.2.3.1 Chemiluminescence 288
6.2.3.2 Fluorescence 290
6.2.3.3 Absorption spectroscopy 290
6.2.3.4 Gas chromatography 292
6.2.3.5 Other physical methods 292
6.3 Experimental section 293
6.3.1 Analysis of SO2 293
6.3.1.1 Chemical methods 293
6.3.1.2 Physical analysis ofSO2 302
6.3.2 Analysis of SO3 305
6.3.3 Analysis of H2S 306
6.3.3.1 Chemical methods 306
6.3.3.2 Physical methods 309
6.3.4 Analysis of organic S compounds 310
6.3.4.1 Chemical methods 310
6.3.4.2 Physical methods 312
6.3.5 Analysis of oxides of nitrogen - NO and NO2 313
6.3.5.1 Chemical methods 313
6.3.5.2 Physical methods 321
6.3.6 Analysis of NH3 324
6.3.6.1 Chemical methods 324
6.3.6.2 Physical methods 327
6.3.7 Miscellaneous N2 compounds 328
6.3.8 Preparation of standard gas mixtures for calibration 329
6.3.8.1 Preparation of standard mixtures by static methods 329
6.3.8.2 Preparation of standard mixtures by dynamic methods 330
6.4 Particulate compounds of S and N 333
6.4.1 Analysis of SO£~ 333
6.4.1.1 Experimental procedure for SO l~ (turbidimetric) 334
6.4.2 Analysis of particulate NO3 335
6.4.2.1 Experimental procedure for nitrate ( colorimetrie) 335
6.4.3 Analysis of NH + salts 337
6.4.3.1 Experimental procedure for NH¿ (colorimetrie) 337
References 338
7 Secondary pollutants 343
R. M. Harrison
7.1 Introduction 343
7.2 Basic analytical techniques for the analysis of gaseous
secondary pollutants 347
7.2.1 Sampling methods 347
7.2.2 Analytical techniques 348
7.2.2.1 Chemical methods 348
Contents xi
7.2.2.2 Physical methods 349
7.3 Experimental section 353
7.3.1 Analysis of total oxidants 353
7.3.1.1 Discussion of analytical methods 353
7.3.1.2 Neutral KI method for manual analyses of total
oxidants 355
7.3.1.3 Instruments for measurements of total oxidants 357
7.3.2 Analysis of O3 359
7.3.2.1 Chemical methods 359
7.3.2.2 Physical methods 361
7.3.2.3 Measurement of O3 by the C2H4-chemiluminescence
method 364
7.3.2.4 Preparation of O3/air mixtures for calibration purposes 367
7.3.3 Analysis of H2O2 369
7.3.3.1 Chemical methods 369
7.3.3.2 Physical methods 370
7.3.4 Analysis of aliphatic aldehydes and oxygenated
compounds 370
7.3.4.1 Chemical methods 370
7.3.4.2 A colorimetrie analysis of total aliphatic aldehydes in air
(MBTH method) 371
7.3.4.3 Colorimetrie analysis of HCHO (chromotropic acid
method) 373
7.3.4.4 Physical methods 375
7.3.5 Analysis of PAN and related compounds 375
7.3.5.1 Chemical methods 375
7.3.5.2 Physical methods 376
7.3.5.3 Analysis of PAN by electron capture GC 378
7.3.6 Analysis of oxyacids of N 381
7.3.6.1 Chemical methods 382
7.3.6.2 Physical methods 383
References 383
8 Hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide 387
A. E. Mclntyre and J. N. Lester
8.1 Introduction 387
8.2 Volatile hydrocarbons 391
8.2.1 Sampling procedures 391
8.2.1.1 Cryogenic systems 392
8.2.1.2 Solid adsorption systems 394
8.2.1.3 Gas sampling systems 395
8.2.2 Analytical methods 396
8.2.2.1 Continuous instrumental analysers 396
8.2.2.2 Gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) 399
x/7 Contents
8.2.2.3 Mass spectrometry and gas chromatography/mass
spectrometry 407
8.2.2.4 Calibration methods 409
8.2.3 Methods for specific compounds 410
8.2.3.1 C2-C5 hydrocarbons 410
8.2.3.2 Q-C9 hydrocarbons 411
8.3 Hydrocarbon fraction of airborne paniculate matter 413
8.3.1 Sampling procedures 413
8.3.2 Extraction and clean-up procedures 414
8.3.3 Analytical methods 415
8.3.3.1 Thin-layer chromatography 415
8.3.3.2 High-performance liquid chromatography 416
8.3.3.3 Gas-liquid chromatography 417
8.3.3.4 Gas-liquid chromatography I mass spectrometry 418
8.4 Carbon monoxide 418
References 419
9 Halogen compounds 425
P. W. W. Kirk and J. N. Lester
9.1 Fluorides 425
9.1.1 Sampling procedures 426
9.1.2 Analytical procedures 429
9.1.2.1 Pretreatment for particulates 429
9.1.2.2 Ion-selective electrode determination 430
9.1.2.3 Colorimetrie determination 432
9.1.3 Recommended experimental procedures 433
9.1.3.1 Sampling 433
9.1.3.2 Pretreatment and clean-up 434
9.1.3.3 Analytical methods 437
9.2 Chlorine 441
9.2.1 Sampling procedures 443
9.2.2 Analytical procedures 443
9.2.3 Recommended experimental procedure 444
9.3 HC1 and particulate chloride 445
9.3.1 Sampling procedures 445
9.3.2 Analytical procedures 446
9.3.3 Recommended experimental procedures 449
9.4 Bromides 450
9.4.1 Sampling procedures 451
9.4.2 Analytical procedures 451
9.5 Halogenated hydrocarbons 452
9.5.1 Fluorocarbons 453
9.5.2 Chlorinated hydrocarbons 455
9.5.3 Brominated hydrocarbons 456
References 457
Contents xiii
10 Remote monitoring techniques 463
R. H. Varey
10.1 Introduction 463
10.2 Correlation spectroscopy 465
10.2.1 Mode of operation 465
10.2.2 Baseline drift, sensitivity and multiple scattering 467
10.3 Single wavelength lidar 469
10.3.1 Principles of lidar 469
10.3.2 Essentials of a practical system 471
10.3.3 Signal processing 473
10.4 Differential lidar 478
10.4.1 Basic methods 478
10.4.2 Examples of practical systems 480
10.5 Laser safety 488
10.6 Long pathlength absorption spectroscopy (this section by A. M.
Winer) 489
10.6.1 Differential ultraviolet and visible absorption
spectroscopy 489
10.6.2 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy 494
10.7 Meteorological measurements 495
10.7.1 Meteorological measurements for pollution surveys 495
10.7.2 Sodar 498
10.7.3 Lidar measurements of the mixing layer 502
10.7.4 Temperature profiles 503
10.8 The use of remote sensing in field studies 505
10.8.1 Plume rise and dispersion 505
10.8.2 Measurement of emission fluxes from point sources 510
10.8.3 Multisource monitoring in an industrial area 515
10.9 Conclusions 518
Acknowledgements 519
References 519
I1 Physico-chemical speciation techniques for atmospheric
particles 523
R. M. Harrison
III Introduction 523
11.2 Speciation methods 524
11.2.1 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 524
11.2.1.1 Phases identified in air by XRD 525
11.2.2 Method for sampling and XRD analysis of atmospheric
particles 526
11.2.3 Single particle techniques 529
11.2.3.1 Transmission electron microscope method for
atmospheric particles 529
? ¡? Contents
11.2.4 Speciation of sulphuric acid and other partícula te
sulphates 530
11.2.4.1 Solvent extraction method for speciation of H2SO4,
NH^HSOt and (NHJ2SOil in ambient air 531
References 532
12 Analysis of precipitation 535
J. R. Kramer
12.1 Introduction 535
12.2 Sampling 536
12.2.1 Siting 537
12.2.2 Samplers 538
12.2.2.1 Container material 541
12.2.2.2 Sample preservatives 543
12.2.3 Field procedures 544
12.3 Analysis 545
12.3.1 Filtration 545
12.3.2 Major ions 546
12.3.2.1 pH and other protolytes 547
12.3.2.2 Calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium 549
12.3.2.3 Ammonia 549
12.3.2.4 Sulphate 550
12.3.2.5 Nitrate 550
12.3.2.6 Chloride 551
2.?.2.1 Specific conductance 551
12.3.2.8 Consistency checks for major ions 552
12.3.3 Trace metals 553
12.3.3.1 Atomic absorption analysis 555
12.3.3.2 Instrumental neutron activation analyses 556
12.3.4 Organics 557
12.3.5 Other analyses 557
12.4 Concluding comment 557
References 558
13 Low-cost methods for air pollution analysis 563
H. W. de Koning
13.1 Introduction 563
13.2 General considerations 564
13.2.1 An air monitoring network 564
13.2.2 Operating conditions 564
13.2.3 What to look for when selecting a method 566
13.2.3.1 Sensitivity 566
13.2.3.2 Specificity 566
13.2.3.3 Precision 566
13.2.3.4 Stability of reagents 566
Contents xv
13.2.3.5 Calibration 567
13.2.4 Sampling train 567
13.2.5 Total volume of air to be measured 569
13.3 Selected methods for measuring air pollutants 570
13.3.1 Sulphur dioxide 570
13.3.1.1 Lead sulphation candle or plate 570
13.3.1.2 Acidimétrie method 570
13.3.2 Nitrogen dioxide 571
13.3.2.1 Sodium arsenite method 571
13.3.3 Carbon monoxide 571
13.3.3.1 Detector tube method 571
13.3.3.2 Instrumental method 572
13.3.4 Oxidant 572
13.3.4.1 Neutral buffered potassium iodide method 572
13.3.5 Suspended particulate matter 573
13.3.5.1 Dustfall 573
13.3.5.2 High-volume (High-Vol) sampling method 574
13.4 Additional considerations for selecting a low-cost air pollution
measurement method 575
13.4.1 Equipment requirement 575
13.4.2 Calibration 576
13.4.3 Record keeping 577
References 578
14 Planning and execution of an air pollution study 579
D. J. Moore
14.1 Introduction 579
14.2 Objectives of the monitoring programme 581
14.2.1 General 581
14.2.2 Pollutant identification 581
14.2.3 Source identification 581
14.2.4 Economic assessment of damage versus control 582
14.2.5 On-line plant control 582
14.2.6 Control of future developments 582
14.2.7 Receptor protection 583
14.2.8 Detection of long-term trends 583
14.2.9 Monitoring control 583
14.3 Effluent history from source to receptor 584
14.3.1 General 584
14.3.2 Source network 584
14.3.3 Effluent control processes 584
14.3.4 Effluent transport control procedures 585
14.3.5 Atmospheric transmission 585
14.3.6 The receptor/sink network 585
xvi Contents
14.4 The monitoring network 586
14.4.1 General 586
14.4.2 Function monitoring 586
14.4.3 Emission monitoring 587
14.4.4 Plume monitoring 587
14.4.5 Meteorological monitoring 588
14.4.6 Damage monitoring 588
14.4.7 Dose monitoring 589
14.4.8 Monitoring ground-level concentration (GLC) 589
14.4.9 Optical effects of pollutants 590
14.4.10 Monitoring wet deposition 590
14.5 The design of pollution monitoring systems 591
14.5.1 General 591
14.5.2 Choice of minimum averaging period 591
14.5.3 Choice of instruments 592
14.5.4 Choice of mobile, fixed, transportable or combined
sampling system 593
14.5.5 How many pollutants should be monitored? 594
14.5.6 Height and exposure of samplers 594
14.5.7 Layout and spacing of instruments in fixed surveys 595
14.5.7.1 General 595
14.5.7.2 Discrete source surveys - verification of dispersion
models 596
14.5.7.3 Discrete source surveys - statistics of incidence of
various levels of pollution 597
14.5.7.4 Area surveys (i.e. sites within the source area) 597
14.5.7.5 Distant source surveys 599
14.5.7.6 Global effects surveys 599
14.5.7.7 Multi-purpose surveys 599
14.5.8 Mobile monitoring 600
14.5.8.1 Surface systems 600
14.5.8.2 Airborne systems 600
14.6 Data handling 602
14.6.1 Data transmission 602
14.6.2 Data storage 603
14.6.3 On-line alarm/display systems 604
14.6.4 On-line recognition of defective readings 604
14.7 Analysis of results 604
14.7.1 General 604
14.7.2 Availability of historical data 605
14.7.2.1 Source inventories and characteristics 605
14.7.2.2 Climatological data 605
14.7.2.3 Topographical information 605
14.7.2.4 Experience of similar source networks or other
information (e.g. epidemiological) on damage/dosage
relations for the pollutants under investigation 606
Contents xv¡¡
14.7.3 Elimination of erroneous readings 606
14.7.4 Statistics 606
14.7.4.1 General 606
14.7.4.2 Mean values over specified averaging periods 607
14.7.4.3 Frequency distributions 607
14.7.4.4 Diurnal or annual variations 607
14.7.4.5 Mean values in different weather situations and/or wind
directions 608
14.7.4.6 Correlations and regression analysis 608
14.7.5 Evaluation of physical models 609
14.7.5.1 General 609
14.7.5.2 Near field (up to 25 km) 609
14.7.5.3 Medium range (20-250 km) 610
14.7.5.4 Long range ( 250 km) 610
14.8 Examples of monitoring networks and data presentations 611
14.8.1 General 611
14.8.2 Discrete source surveys 611
14.8.2.1 US power plant studies 611
14.8.2.2 CEGB Midlands Region studies ofSO2 around power
stations 611
14.8.3 Area surveys 615
14.8.3.1 Urban surveys 615
14.8.3.2 Regional surveys 615
14.8.4 Distant sources and global effects 617
Acknowledgements 619
References 619
15 Quality assurance in air pollution monitoring 621
A. Apling
15.1 Quality and quality assurance 621
15.2 Definitions 621
15.3 Elements of the monitoring chain 622
15.4 Site location and character 622
15.5 Sampling line integrity 623
15.6 Instrument performance 623
15.7 Calibration 624
15.8 Discussion and further checks 625
References 626
Index 628
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| dewey-search | 363.7/39264 628.5/3 |
| dewey-sort | 3363.7 539264 |
| dewey-tens | 360 - Social problems and services; associations 620 - Engineering and allied operations |
| discipline | Allgemeines Biologie Soziologie Bauingenieurwesen |
| edition | 2. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV006095376 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T16:40:12Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0412244101 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-003849595 |
| oclc_num | 12804278 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-703 DE-29 DE-83 |
| owner_facet | DE-703 DE-29 DE-83 |
| physical | XXII, 634 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 1986 |
| publishDateSearch | 1986 |
| publishDateSort | 1986 |
| publisher | Chapman and Hall |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Handbook of air pollution analysis ed. by Roy M. Harrison ... 2. ed. London u. a. Chapman and Hall 1986 XXII, 634 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Atmosphère - Pollution - Mesure - Manuels d'enseignement ram Chimie de l'environnement - Manuels d'enseignement ram Air Pollution analysis Air Pollution Measurement Handbooks, manuals, etc Environmental Monitoring Environmental chemistry Handbooks, manuals, etc Luftverschmutzung (DE-588)4074381-0 gnd rswk-swf Chemische Analyse (DE-588)4009840-0 gnd rswk-swf Luftverschmutzung (DE-588)4074381-0 s Chemische Analyse (DE-588)4009840-0 s DE-604 Harrison, Roy M. 1948- Sonstige (DE-588)137761821 oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=003849595&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Handbook of air pollution analysis Atmosphère - Pollution - Mesure - Manuels d'enseignement ram Chimie de l'environnement - Manuels d'enseignement ram Air Pollution analysis Air Pollution Measurement Handbooks, manuals, etc Environmental Monitoring Environmental chemistry Handbooks, manuals, etc Luftverschmutzung (DE-588)4074381-0 gnd Chemische Analyse (DE-588)4009840-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4074381-0 (DE-588)4009840-0 |
| title | Handbook of air pollution analysis |
| title_auth | Handbook of air pollution analysis |
| title_exact_search | Handbook of air pollution analysis |
| title_full | Handbook of air pollution analysis ed. by Roy M. Harrison ... |
| title_fullStr | Handbook of air pollution analysis ed. by Roy M. Harrison ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Handbook of air pollution analysis ed. by Roy M. Harrison ... |
| title_short | Handbook of air pollution analysis |
| title_sort | handbook of air pollution analysis |
| topic | Atmosphère - Pollution - Mesure - Manuels d'enseignement ram Chimie de l'environnement - Manuels d'enseignement ram Air Pollution analysis Air Pollution Measurement Handbooks, manuals, etc Environmental Monitoring Environmental chemistry Handbooks, manuals, etc Luftverschmutzung (DE-588)4074381-0 gnd Chemische Analyse (DE-588)4009840-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Atmosphère - Pollution - Mesure - Manuels d'enseignement Chimie de l'environnement - Manuels d'enseignement Air Pollution analysis Air Pollution Measurement Handbooks, manuals, etc Environmental Monitoring Environmental chemistry Handbooks, manuals, etc Luftverschmutzung Chemische Analyse |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=003849595&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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