Statistics:
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
New York
Norton
[1978]
|
| Edition: | First edition |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | xv, 506 Seiten, Index A-1 bis A-83 Seiten Illustrationen |
| ISBN: | 0393090760 0393951405 |
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MARC
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| 250 | |a First edition | ||
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Contents
Preface xiii
PART I. DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS
chapter 1. Controlled Experiments 3
1. The Salk Vaccine Field Trial 3
2. Gastric Freezing 7
3. The Portacaval Shunt 8
4. Summary 9
chapter 2. Observational Studies 10
1. Introduction 10
2. The Baltimore Housing Study 11
3. Sex Bias in Graduate Admissions 12
4. The INCAP Study 15
5. Review Exercises 19
6. Summary 21
PART II. DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
chapter 3. The Histogram 25
1. Introduction 25
2. Drawing a Histogram 29
viii CONTENTS
3. The Density Scale 33
4. Variables 36
5. Controlling for a Variable 38
6. Cross tabulation 40
7. Selective Breeding 41
8. Review Exercises 43
9. Summary 47
chapter 4. The Average and the Standard Deviation 48
1. Introduction 48
2. The Average 49
3. The Average and the Histogram 53
4. The Root Mean Square 57
5. The Standard Deviation 59
6. Computing the Standard Deviation 63
7. Using a Statistical Calculator 65
8. Review Exercises 66
9. Summary 67
chapter 5. The Normal Approximation for Data 69
1. The Normal Curve 69
2. Standard Units 73
3. Finding Areas under the Normal Curve 75
4. The Normal Approximation for Data 78
5. Percentiles 81
6. Percentiles for the Normal Curve 83
7. Review Exercises 84
8. Summary 86
chapter 6. Measurement Error 88
1. Introduction 88
2. Chance Error 89
3. Outliers 93
4. Bias 95
5. Review Exercises 96
6. Summary 98
chapter 7. Plotting Points and Lines 99
1. Reading Points off a Graph 99
2. Plotting Points 100
3. Slope and Intercept 101
4. Plotting Lines 103
5. The Algebraic Equation for a Line 104
PART IH. CORRELATION AND REGRESSION
chapter 8. Correlation 109
1. The Scatter Diagram 109
2. The Correlation Coefficient 116
3. The SD Line 122
CONTENTS ix
4. Some Exceptional Cases 123
5. Computing the Correlation Coefficient 124
6. Changing SDs 127
7. Review Exercises 130
8. Summary 134
chapter 9. More about Correlation 136
1. Association Is Not Causation 136
2. The Skeels Skodak Study 139
3. Ecological Correlations 141
4. Review Exercises 143
5. Summary 145
chapter 10. Regression 146
1. Introduction 146
2. The Graph of Averages 151
3. Estimates for Individuals 154
4. The Regression Fallacy 158
5. Review Exercises 164
6. Summary 166
chapter 11. The R.M.S. Error for Regression 168
1. Introduction 168
2. Computing the R.M.S. Error 171
3. Plotting the Residuals 174
4. Looking at Vertical Strips 176
5. Using the Normal Curve 180
6. Review Exercises 183
7. Summary 185
chapter 12. The Regression Line 186
1. Slope and Intercept 186
2. The Method of Least Squares 192
3. Does the Regression Make Sense? 195
4. Review Exercises 198
5. Summary 200
PART IV. PROBABILITY
chapter 13. What Are the Chances? 203
1. Introduction 203
2. Using the Long Run Argument 206
3. Adding Chances 209
4. Independence 212
5. Review Exercises 216
6. Summary 218
chapter 14. More about Chance 219
1. Listing the Ways 219
2. Are Real Dice Fair? 223
x CONTENTS
3. The Paradox of the Chevalier de Mere 223
4. The Collins Case 227
5. Review Exercises 228
6. Summary 230
chapter 15. The Binomial Coefficients 231
1. Introduction 231
2. The Binomial Formula 234
3. Review Exercises 235
4. Summary 236
PART V. CHANCE VARIABILITY
chapter 16. The Law of Averages 239
1. What Does the Law of Averages Say? 239
2. Chance Processes 244
3. The Sum of the Draws 245
4. Making a Box Model 247
5. Review Exercises 252
6. Summary 253
chapter 17. The Expected Value and Standard Error 255
1. The Expected Value 255
2. The Standard Error 257
3. Using the Normal Curve 260
4. Classifying and Counting 264
5. Review Exercises 270
6. Postscript 273
7. Summary 274
chapter 18. The Normal Approximation for Probability Histograms 275
1. Introduction 275
2. Probability Histograms 277
3. Probability Histograms and the Normal Curve 284
4. The Normal Approximation 289
5. The Scope of the Normal Approximation 291
6. Conclusion 294
7. Review Exercises 296
8. Summary 298
PART VI. SAMPLING
chapter 19. Sample Surveys 301
1. Introduction 301
2. The Literary Digest Poll 302
3. The Year the Polls Elected Dewey 305
4. Using Chance in Survey Work 307
5. How Well Do Probability Methods Work? 310
6. A Closer Look at the Gallup Poll 311
7. Chance Error 315
8. Review Exercises 316
9. Summary 318
CONTENTS xi
chapter 20. Chance Errors in Sampling 320
1. Introduction 320
2. The Standard Error 324
3. The Correction Factor 329
4. Review Exercises 336
5. Summary 339
chapter 21. The Accuracy of Percentages 340
1. Introduction 340
2. Confidence Intervals 344
3. Interpreting a Confidence Interval 347
4. Caveat Emptor 350
5. The Gallup Poll 351
6. Review Exercises 352
7. Summary 355
chapter 22. Measuring Employment and Unemployment 356
1. Introduction 356
2. The Design of the Current Population Survey 357
3. Carrying Out the Survey 360
4. Analyzing the Data 363
5. Standard Errors 364
6. The Quality of the Data 367
7. Bias 367
8. Review Exercises 368
9. Summary 370
chapter 23. The Accuracy of Averages 372
1. Introduction 372
2. The Sample Average 376
3. A Reminder 382
4. Review Exercises 383
5. Summary 385
PART VII. CHANCE MODELS
chapter 24. A Model for Measurement Error 389
1. Introduction 389
2. Estimating the Accuracy of an Average 392
3. The Model 395
4. Confidence Intervals 401
5. The Role of the Model 404
6. Student's / Curve 409
7. Review Exercises 416
8. Summary 418
chapter 25. Chance Models in Genetics 420
1. How Mendel Discovered Genes 420
2. Did Mendel's Facts Fit His Model? 425
3. The Law of Regression 428
4. An Appreciation of the Model 430
xii CONTENTS
5. Review Exercises 432
6. Summary 434
PART VIII. TESTS OF SIGNIFICANCE
chapter 26. Tests of Significance 437
1. Introduction 437
2. The Null and the Alternative 439
3. Test Statistics and Significance Levels 441
4. Making a Test of Significance 444
5. Zero One Boxes 445
6. Review Exercises 449
7. Summary 453
chapter 27. More Tests for Averages 454
1. The Standard Error for a Difference 454
2. Comparing Two Samples 456
3. The/ Test 463
4. Review Exercises 466
5. Summary 469
chapter 28. The x" Test 470
1. Introduction 470
2. The Structure of the ^ Test 475
3. How Fisher Used the x Test 478
4. Testing Independence 479
5. Review Exercises 484
6. Summary 486
chapter 29. A Closer Look at Tests of Significance 487
1. Was the Result Important? 487
2. Does the Difference Prove the Point? 491
3. Fixed Level Testing 493
4. Testing Many Hypotheses 494
5. The Role of the Model 497
6. Conclusion 502
7. Review Exercises 503
8. Summary 506
A Review of Terms and Equations A l
Notes A 5
Answers to Exercises A 25
Tables A 68
Index A 73 |
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| spelling | Freedman, David 1938-2008 (DE-588)132210819 aut Statistics David Freedman ; Robert Pisani ; Roger Purves First edition New York Norton [1978] © 1978 xv, 506 Seiten, Index A-1 bis A-83 Seiten Illustrationen txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Statistiek gtt Statistique mathématique Statistik Mathematical statistics Statistics Statistik (DE-588)4056995-0 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4151278-9 Einführung gnd-content (DE-588)4123623-3 Lehrbuch gnd-content Statistik (DE-588)4056995-0 s DE-604 Pisani, Robert (DE-588)1299060102 aut Purves, Roger (DE-588)1299060722 aut Ergänzung Freedman, David: Instructor's manual for statistics (DE-604)BV024539206 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=003726849&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Freedman, David 1938-2008 Pisani, Robert Purves, Roger Statistics Statistiek gtt Statistique mathématique Statistik Mathematical statistics Statistics Statistik (DE-588)4056995-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4056995-0 (DE-588)4151278-9 (DE-588)4123623-3 |
| title | Statistics |
| title_auth | Statistics |
| title_exact_search | Statistics |
| title_full | Statistics David Freedman ; Robert Pisani ; Roger Purves |
| title_fullStr | Statistics David Freedman ; Robert Pisani ; Roger Purves |
| title_full_unstemmed | Statistics David Freedman ; Robert Pisani ; Roger Purves |
| title_short | Statistics |
| title_sort | statistics |
| topic | Statistiek gtt Statistique mathématique Statistik Mathematical statistics Statistics Statistik (DE-588)4056995-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Statistiek Statistique mathématique Statistik Mathematical statistics Statistics Einführung Lehrbuch |
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