Evaluation of cellulose ethers for conservation:
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Marina del Rey, Calif.
Getty Conservation Institute
1990
|
| Series: | Research in conservation
3 |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Volltext Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | 161 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0892360992 |
Staff View
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| 100 | 1 | |a Feller, Robert L. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Evaluation of cellulose ethers for conservation |c R. L. Feller ; M. Wilt |
| 264 | 1 | |a Marina del Rey, Calif. |b Getty Conservation Institute |c 1990 | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Éteres | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Éthers cellulosiques | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Cellulose ethers | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Celluloseether |0 (DE-588)4349088-8 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
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Record in the Search Index
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Table of Contents
Foreword 1
Chapter 1 Introduction 3
Objectives 3
AATA Survey 4
Questionnaire to Conservators 4
Reported Aging Studies on Cellulose Ethers 5
Chapter 2 Properties of Cellulose Ethers 9
The Structure of Cellulose 9
Manufacture of Cellulose Ethers 11
Comparison of Cellulose Ethers with Cellulose 13
Specifications and Typical Properties of Cellulose Ethers 15
Solubility of Cellulose Ethers 20
Influence of Degree of Substitution (DS) 20
Solubility of Ethylhydroxyethylcellulose 21
Stability of Cellulose Ethers as Reported in Manufacturers Brochures 22
Effect of pH on Cellulose Ether Solutions 23
Degradation by Acid 24
Initial pH 25
Properties of Films 26
Mechanical Properties 26
Equilibrium Moisture Content 27
Solubility/Temperature Relationships 29
Effect of Carboxyl Groups (Carboxymethylcellulose) 32
Viscosity /Temperature Relationships 33
Rheological Behavior of Solutions 33
Properties Not Related to Hydrophilicity 34
Chapter 3 Standards of Stability 37
Resistance to Photochemically Induced Degradation 37
Resistance to Thermally Induced Degradation 38
Microbiological Resistance 38
Behavior of a Generic Chemical Class of Commercial Products 39
Upgrading 40
Standards of Thermal Stability 40
A Simple Test of Thermal Aging 42
Effect of Exposure to Light 43
Proposed Test of Thermal Stability 43
Controls 44
Objective Measurement of Discoloration 45
Weight Loss 45
Viscosity Loss 45
Chapter 4 Summary of Previous Investigation Supported by the National Museum Act 47
Introduction 47
Measurement of Reflectance at 500 nm 47
Principal Test Procedure 48
Results 50
Ethylcellulose (EC) 51
Hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) 51
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) 52
Hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) 54
Methylcellulose (MC) and Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) 54
Oxygen Uptake 54
Conclusions 54
Chapter 5 Description of Materials and Experimental Procedures 57
Materials 57
Experimental Procedures 57
Weight Loss and Color Change of Powders 57
Weight Loss and Color Change of Films on Glass 57
Color Changes of Cellulose Ethers Applied as Paper Size 59
Peroxide Determination 60
Viscosity Determination 60
Intrinsic Viscosity 60
Brookfield Viscosity Determination 61
Exposure to Light 62
Chapter 6 Results and Discussion 63
Discoloration and Weight Loss 63
Thermal Aging of Powders at 110 °C 63
Thermal Aging of Powders at 90 °C 63
Films on Glass After Aging at 90 °C 66
Microscopic Examination 66
Color Change 68
Color Change on Sized Paper 70
Conclusions 73
Peroxide Formation in Cellulose Ethers 73
Thermal Aging at 90 °C 73
Cellulose Ether Films Aged Under Fluorescent Lamps 75
Photochemical Aging of Cellulose Ether Powders at 90 °C
and 50% Relative Humidity 76
Peroxides in Old Samples of Cellulose Ether Powders 77
Decomposition of Peroxides at 90 °C 78
Conclusions Regarding Peroxide Formation 78
Fall in Intrinsic Viscosity of Cellulose Ethers During Accelerated Aging 79
Powders Thermally Aged at 90 °C 79
Exposed Under Fluorescent Lamps 81
Brookfield Viscosity of Shelf-Aged Cellulose Ethers 82
Brookfield Viscosity of Aged Cellulose Ethers 87
Relationship Between Intrinsic Viscosity, Brookfield Viscosity, and Degree of
Polymerization 87
The Brookfield Viscosity of Solutions of Cellulose Ether Powders Aged at 90 °C 87
Hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) 87
Hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) 87
Methylcellulose (MC) 88
Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) 88
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) 88
Relative Stability of Several Cellulose Ethers Commonly Used by Conservators 88
Fall in Viscosity 88
Change in Inverse of Viscosity 88
Photochemical Stability: Brookfield Viscosity Films Exposed Under Daylight
Fluorescent Lamps 89
Hydroxypropylcellulose 90
Methylcellulose 90
Carboxymethylcellulose 90
Chapter 7 Conclusions 93
Cellulose Ethers Considered Unsuitable for Long-Term Applications 93
Findings with Respect to Hydroxypropylcellulose 94
Cellulose Ethers of Intermediate Thermal Stability 94
Cellulose Ethers with Excellent Long-Term Stability 95
Need for Testing 95
Final Remarks 96
Appendices
A: Cellulose Ethers in AATA 97
B: Questionnaire on the Use of Cellulose Ethers by Conservators 101
C: Cellulose Ethers Available to Conservators 105
D: Technical Notes on Methylcellulose and Carboxymethylcellulose 107
E: Enzymatic Degradation of Cellulose Ethers 113
F: Peroxide Formation in Ethylcellulose 115
G: Complete Characterization of Cellulose Ethers: Distribution of Substituents 119
H: Analysis of Cellulose Ethers 125
I: The Relationship of Molecular Weight and Intrinsic Viscosity 135
References Cited 137
Supplementary References 145
Index 149
|
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| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T16:30:18Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0892360992 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-003431961 |
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| physical | 161 S. graph. Darst. |
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| publishDate | 1990 |
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| publisher | Getty Conservation Institute |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Research in conservation |
| series2 | Research in conservation |
| spelling | Feller, Robert L. Verfasser aut Evaluation of cellulose ethers for conservation R. L. Feller ; M. Wilt Marina del Rey, Calif. Getty Conservation Institute 1990 161 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Research in conservation 3 Éteres Éthers cellulosiques Cellulose ethers Celluloseether (DE-588)4349088-8 gnd rswk-swf Stabilität (DE-588)4056693-6 gnd rswk-swf Konservierung (DE-588)4114279-2 gnd rswk-swf Kunstwerk (DE-588)4123592-7 gnd rswk-swf Konservierung (DE-588)4114279-2 s Kunstwerk (DE-588)4123592-7 s Celluloseether (DE-588)4349088-8 s DE-604 Stabilität (DE-588)4056693-6 s Wilt, Myron Verfasser aut Research in conservation 3 (DE-604)BV000828417 3 http://www.getty.edu/publications/virtuallibrary/0892360992.html Verlag kostenfrei Volltext Digitalisierung UB Bamberg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=003431961&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Feller, Robert L. Wilt, Myron Evaluation of cellulose ethers for conservation Research in conservation Éteres Éthers cellulosiques Cellulose ethers Celluloseether (DE-588)4349088-8 gnd Stabilität (DE-588)4056693-6 gnd Konservierung (DE-588)4114279-2 gnd Kunstwerk (DE-588)4123592-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4349088-8 (DE-588)4056693-6 (DE-588)4114279-2 (DE-588)4123592-7 |
| title | Evaluation of cellulose ethers for conservation |
| title_auth | Evaluation of cellulose ethers for conservation |
| title_exact_search | Evaluation of cellulose ethers for conservation |
| title_full | Evaluation of cellulose ethers for conservation R. L. Feller ; M. Wilt |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of cellulose ethers for conservation R. L. Feller ; M. Wilt |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of cellulose ethers for conservation R. L. Feller ; M. Wilt |
| title_short | Evaluation of cellulose ethers for conservation |
| title_sort | evaluation of cellulose ethers for conservation |
| topic | Éteres Éthers cellulosiques Cellulose ethers Celluloseether (DE-588)4349088-8 gnd Stabilität (DE-588)4056693-6 gnd Konservierung (DE-588)4114279-2 gnd Kunstwerk (DE-588)4123592-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Éteres Éthers cellulosiques Cellulose ethers Celluloseether Stabilität Konservierung Kunstwerk |
| url | http://www.getty.edu/publications/virtuallibrary/0892360992.html http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=003431961&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV000828417 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT fellerrobertl evaluationofcelluloseethersforconservation AT wiltmyron evaluationofcelluloseethersforconservation |