Toscanelli and Columbus: the letter and chart of Toscanelli on the route to the Indies by way of the West, sent in 1474 to the Portuguese Fernam Martins, and later on to Christopher Columbus ; a critical study on the authenticity and value of these documents and the sources of the cosmographical ideas of Columbus, followed by the various texts of the letter, with translations, annotations, several facsimiles and also a map
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| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Freeport, NY
Books for Libraries Pr.
1971
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| Edition: | Repr. |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XIX, 365 S. |
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| 240 | 1 | 0 | |a La lettre et la carte de Toscanelli sur la route des Indes par l'ouest |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Toscanelli and Columbus |b the letter and chart of Toscanelli on the route to the Indies by way of the West, sent in 1474 to the Portuguese Fernam Martins, and later on to Christopher Columbus ; a critical study on the authenticity and value of these documents and the sources of the cosmographical ideas of Columbus, followed by the various texts of the letter, with translations, annotations, several facsimiles and also a map |c by Henry Vignaud |
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text | CONTENTS
PAGE
Introduction
FIRST PART: THE LETTER
SOURCES OF INFORMATION
I.
I. The Original Latin Text
a. Facsimile Reproductions
b. Copies and Reproductions
II. The Italian Text
III. The Spanish Version of
IV. Spanish Version in the City Archives of Seville
V. Spanish Version of
VI. English Translations
VII.
II.—Other Sources of Information
III.
CHAPTER I
Advice attributed to Toscanelli as to the Route to
the Indies by the West
I. Canon Martins Request
II. Toscanelli s Reply
Notes.—
Great Khan.
Mangi.
xii CONTENTS
PAO!
III. Importance of this Correspondence if Authentic
Note.
bus.
IV. Whence came the Correspondence
V. Supposed Relations between Columbus and Toscanelli
Notes.
supposed relations with Toscanelli.
CHAPTER II
Reasons for doubting the Genuineness of the alleged
Correspondence of Toscanelli with Martins and
Columbus.
I. The Texts have disappeared
II. The Letter to Martins is unknown to the Portuguese
III. Martins is an absolutely unknown Person
Notes.
and Roriz.
IV. Toscanelli s Plan is unknown in Italy
Notes.
of Toscanelli.
V. The Publication in the
(Г571)
VI. Forged Statement of Egnatio
Notes.
from the same.
Peragallo s conclusions.
VII.
Notes.
Historie.
letter.
CHAPTER III
Reasons for doubting that the Letter to Martins was
written in
I. The Question of the Route to the Indies was not yet
raised in
CONTENTS xiii
PAOS
II. Before Joao II the Portuguese only sought the India of
Prester
Notes.
Beazley.
III. Proof from Prince Henry s Acts
Note.
IV. Proof by the Bull of
Note.
by the Bull.
V. Proof by the Treaty of
Notes.—
VI. Error respecting the Spice Trade
VII.
VIII.
Note.
IX. Origin of the Hypothesis as to the possibility of a
Passage to India by the West
Notes.
Posidonius, Seneca.
measurements.
lations.
X. The Letter to Martins is based on the System of
Marinus of Tyre
Notes.
and the Italian Cartographers.
CHAPTER IV
Columbus Cosmographical Ideas are identical with
those expressed in the letter attributed to
toscanelli.
I. Columbus Measurement of the Earth
Notes.—
Joseph.
Alfragan s Mile and Measurement of the Globe.
93.
II. The Unknown Maritime Space
Notes.
Esdras, d Ailly, and Columbus on the small extent of
the Sea.
xiv CONTENTS
PAGE
III. Extension of Asia Eastward
Notes.
to Marinus of Tyre and Columbus.
IV. Origin of the Cosmographical Ideas of Columbus
Toscanelli s Correspondence had nothing to do with it.
Notes.
come from the Imago
Notions come from Marco Polo.
V. The Cosmography of the Letter to Martins is borrowed
from Columbus
VI. Columbus Cosmographical System is Posterior to his
Discovery
Notes.
VII. A Résumé
Ideas of Columbus, is subsequent to the discovery of
the New World, since, at that period, Columbus had no
scientific theory
CHAPTER V
Possible Motives for the Fraud.
I. Necessity of a Motive for the Suspected Fraud
11. The Pilot who may have informed Columbus
III. The Story of the Pilot, so far as we know it
Notes.
Gomara.
Date.
IV. Examination of the Sources of the Story
Notes.
126-128.
Portuguese Writers.
V.
VI.
Notes.
VII.
Notes.
Marchena.
CONTENTS xv
PAGE
VIII. Garcilaso
IX. Ferdinand Columbus
X. The Story of the
XI. The Council of the Indies knew the Story of the
Pilot
CHAPTER VI
Possible Authors and Probable Author of the
Fraud
I. The Letters of Toscanelli come from
the
II. Papers and Documents in
III. The Source of
Note.
IV. The Forger was not Columbus
Note.
Martins
V. It was not Ferdinand Columbus
VI. The Forger is probably Bartholomew Columbus
VII.
VIII.
IX. The Giving of the Documents to
X.
XI. Don
Casas
Notes.
scripts.
Historie.
SECOND PART: THE MAP
SOURCES OF INFORMATION
I.—Sources
II.—Attempts at Reconstruction
III.
xvi CONTENTS
CHAPTER I
Attempt to Reconstruct Toscanelli s Map
PAGE
I. Cartographic Sources of the Map
II. Behaim s Globe
Note.—
III. The Map of
IV. The Catalan Map
V. The Projection of the Map
VI. The Division into Spaces
VII.
VIII.
IX. The Standard of 66§ miles to the Degree
X. The Standard of
XI. The Standard of
XII.
XIII.
XIV.
called Toscanelli Map belonged to Marinus of
Tyre
XV. Toscanelli s Islands
Note.
XVI.
Notes.
identified with Cuba and Hayti.
XVII.
XVIII.
Notes.
Bartholomew Columbus.
XIX.
XX.
nothing to the Portuguese
CHAPTER II
Columbus Road-Map
I. A Map existed which
canelli s
CONTENTS xvii
PAGE
II.
Columbus
III. Columbus does not say his Road-Map was Tosca-
nelli s
Note.
IV. The Road-Map of Columbus denoted Islands which
could not be known to Toscanelli
Note.
V. The Road-Map of Columbus was based on information
he had received from a Pilot
VI.
as Columbus
VII.
Columbus
VIII.
Martins, Apocryphal
IX. The Road-Map of Columbus showed the Discoveries
of the Anonymous Pilot and represented the Cosmo-
graphical Ideas of Columbus
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
I. Summing up
I. Facts on which rests the belief in the authenticity
of the Documents
II. Facts which tend to show that the Correspondence
attributed to Toscanelli is apocryphal
III. Facts which may explain the Fraud
IV. Unlikelihood of the Correspondence attributed to
Toscanelli
V. Various objections
II. Columbus Share in the Deceit
I. Columbus could not be ignorant of the Fraud, yet he
never mentioned the Spurious Documents
xviii
PAOS
II. Possible Explanation of his Attitude
III. Unexplained Points
IV. Columbus is not blameless in the matter
V. Columbus Tergiversations
VI. The True Beginnings of Columbus
VII.
Scheme
Viti.
IX. The Documents attributed to Toscanelli
III. Conclusions Suggested
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
TOSCANELLI S LETTER TO
Notes.
spices.
straight lines marked lengthwise and transversely.
22.
is alleged to have informed Toscanelli.
scriptum.
Quinsay.
Mangi.
APPENDIX
The Same Letter. Latin Text from the
corrected Text and Notes
APPENDIX
The Same Letter. Spanish Version of
English Translation
APPENDIX
Same Letter. Italian Version, with English Translation
APPENDIX
Toscanelli s Letters to Columbus, Texts and Translations.
First Letter
Second Letter
CONTENTS xix
APPENDIX
Some Primary Considerations on the Nature, Origin, and Mean¬
ing of the So-called Second Letter of Toscanelli. Letter
from Mr John B. Shipley
APPENDIX
Enlarged Facsimile of the Latin Text of the Letter of
Transcription of this Letter as Deciphered by
APPENDIX
Enlarged Facsimile of Specimens of Writing of Christopher
and Bartholomew Columbus
APPENDIX I
Table for Understanding the Hypotheses on the Measurement
of the Earth attributed to Toscanelli
APPENDIX
Attempt to Explain, after the Letter to Martins, and the Notions
of Columbus, the Map attributed to Toscanelli
Index
Facsimile of the Letter (Appendix G).
Transcription of the Letter (Appendix G).
Facsimile of Writing of Christopher and Bartholo¬
mew Columbus (Appendix H).
Table for the Understanding of Measurements
(Appendix I).
Map.
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| indexdate | 2024-07-09T16:25:17Z |
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| language | English |
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| physical | XIX, 365 S. |
| publishDate | 1971 |
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| spelling | Vignaud, Henry Verfasser aut La lettre et la carte de Toscanelli sur la route des Indes par l'ouest Toscanelli and Columbus the letter and chart of Toscanelli on the route to the Indies by way of the West, sent in 1474 to the Portuguese Fernam Martins, and later on to Christopher Columbus ; a critical study on the authenticity and value of these documents and the sources of the cosmographical ideas of Columbus, followed by the various texts of the letter, with translations, annotations, several facsimiles and also a map by Henry Vignaud Repr. Freeport, NY Books for Libraries Pr. 1971 XIX, 365 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Colombo, Cristoforo 1451-1506 (DE-588)118564994 gnd rswk-swf Toscanelli, Paolo dal Pozzo 1397-1482 (DE-588)119163586 gnd rswk-swf Toscanelli, Paolo dal Pozzo 1397-1482 (DE-588)119163586 p Colombo, Cristoforo 1451-1506 (DE-588)118564994 p DE-604 Toscanelli, Paolo dal Pozzo 1397-1482 Sonstige (DE-588)119163586 oth Digitalisierung UB Bamberg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=003231520&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Vignaud, Henry Toscanelli and Columbus the letter and chart of Toscanelli on the route to the Indies by way of the West, sent in 1474 to the Portuguese Fernam Martins, and later on to Christopher Columbus ; a critical study on the authenticity and value of these documents and the sources of the cosmographical ideas of Columbus, followed by the various texts of the letter, with translations, annotations, several facsimiles and also a map Colombo, Cristoforo 1451-1506 (DE-588)118564994 gnd Toscanelli, Paolo dal Pozzo 1397-1482 (DE-588)119163586 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)118564994 (DE-588)119163586 |
| title | Toscanelli and Columbus the letter and chart of Toscanelli on the route to the Indies by way of the West, sent in 1474 to the Portuguese Fernam Martins, and later on to Christopher Columbus ; a critical study on the authenticity and value of these documents and the sources of the cosmographical ideas of Columbus, followed by the various texts of the letter, with translations, annotations, several facsimiles and also a map |
| title_alt | La lettre et la carte de Toscanelli sur la route des Indes par l'ouest |
| title_auth | Toscanelli and Columbus the letter and chart of Toscanelli on the route to the Indies by way of the West, sent in 1474 to the Portuguese Fernam Martins, and later on to Christopher Columbus ; a critical study on the authenticity and value of these documents and the sources of the cosmographical ideas of Columbus, followed by the various texts of the letter, with translations, annotations, several facsimiles and also a map |
| title_exact_search | Toscanelli and Columbus the letter and chart of Toscanelli on the route to the Indies by way of the West, sent in 1474 to the Portuguese Fernam Martins, and later on to Christopher Columbus ; a critical study on the authenticity and value of these documents and the sources of the cosmographical ideas of Columbus, followed by the various texts of the letter, with translations, annotations, several facsimiles and also a map |
| title_full | Toscanelli and Columbus the letter and chart of Toscanelli on the route to the Indies by way of the West, sent in 1474 to the Portuguese Fernam Martins, and later on to Christopher Columbus ; a critical study on the authenticity and value of these documents and the sources of the cosmographical ideas of Columbus, followed by the various texts of the letter, with translations, annotations, several facsimiles and also a map by Henry Vignaud |
| title_fullStr | Toscanelli and Columbus the letter and chart of Toscanelli on the route to the Indies by way of the West, sent in 1474 to the Portuguese Fernam Martins, and later on to Christopher Columbus ; a critical study on the authenticity and value of these documents and the sources of the cosmographical ideas of Columbus, followed by the various texts of the letter, with translations, annotations, several facsimiles and also a map by Henry Vignaud |
| title_full_unstemmed | Toscanelli and Columbus the letter and chart of Toscanelli on the route to the Indies by way of the West, sent in 1474 to the Portuguese Fernam Martins, and later on to Christopher Columbus ; a critical study on the authenticity and value of these documents and the sources of the cosmographical ideas of Columbus, followed by the various texts of the letter, with translations, annotations, several facsimiles and also a map by Henry Vignaud |
| title_short | Toscanelli and Columbus |
| title_sort | toscanelli and columbus the letter and chart of toscanelli on the route to the indies by way of the west sent in 1474 to the portuguese fernam martins and later on to christopher columbus a critical study on the authenticity and value of these documents and the sources of the cosmographical ideas of columbus followed by the various texts of the letter with translations annotations several facsimiles and also a map |
| title_sub | the letter and chart of Toscanelli on the route to the Indies by way of the West, sent in 1474 to the Portuguese Fernam Martins, and later on to Christopher Columbus ; a critical study on the authenticity and value of these documents and the sources of the cosmographical ideas of Columbus, followed by the various texts of the letter, with translations, annotations, several facsimiles and also a map |
| topic | Colombo, Cristoforo 1451-1506 (DE-588)118564994 gnd Toscanelli, Paolo dal Pozzo 1397-1482 (DE-588)119163586 gnd |
| topic_facet | Colombo, Cristoforo 1451-1506 Toscanelli, Paolo dal Pozzo 1397-1482 |
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