Criteria for scientific development: public policy and national goals: a selection of articles from Minerva
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| Format: | Book |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Cambridge, Mass. u.a.
MIT Press
1969
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| Edition: | 1. M.I.T. Pr. paperback ed. |
| Series: | M.I.T.
121 |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XVI,207 S. |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Criteria for scientific development: public policy and national goals |b a selection of articles from Minerva |c ed. by Edward Shils |
| 250 | |a 1. M.I.T. Pr. paperback ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Cambridge, Mass. u.a. |b MIT Press |c 1969 | |
| 300 | |a XVI,207 S. | ||
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| 650 | 4 | |a Politique scientifique et technique | |
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Record in the Search Index
| _version_ | 1804119145981149184 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | INDEX Administrators, training of, xiii, 168, 169 Advisory Council on Scientific Policy, 35, 54, 56, 58, 69, 76, 77 AID (Agency for International Develop ment), 176 Anderson, N. G., 114 Argonne National Laboratory, 112 Argonne Zero Gradient Synchrotron, 30 Arthur D. Little, Inc., 132 Association of Scientific Workers, Britain, 9 Atomic Energy Authority (AEA), 75, 76, 78 Atomic Energy Centres, 203 Atomic Energy Commission, 112-114, 117 Australia, 97, 100, 106 Authority, rejection of, 14, 15 Autonomy doctrine, 124 Bacon, Francis, 14, 119 Basic Research and National Goals, 120, 121 Behavioural sciences, assessed, 29, 31 Bentham, Jeremy, 17 Benzer, Seymour, 116 Berlin, Isaiah, 17 Biological Research Committee (Royal Society), 54-57, 66, 71 Bhabha, Homi J., 169 Biomedical science research in, 109-117 and scientific choice, 107-118 Biruni, aí-, 200 Blackett, Patrick M. S., 11 Bloch, Felix, 32 Bragg, W. L., 11 Britain, economic growth in, 95, 96 British Association for the Advancement of Science, 8 Brookhaven, 53 Brozen, Yale, 104 Buchanan inquiry, 72, 73 Burke, Edmund, 17, 19 Canada, 97 Carter, C. F., 64, 67-69, 73, 130 CERN (Geneva), 53, 69 Chalk-and-Cheese Principle, 74, 76 Cherwell, Baron (F. A. Lindemann), 77n. Choice cardinal, 69 institutional, 21 scientific, see Scientific choice and the scientific community, 44-62 Cole, Kenneth, 116 Colombo Plan, 176 205 Committee on Science and Public Policy, 107, 108 Copernicus, 14, 16 Council for Atomic Age Studies, Columbia University, 64 Crick, Francis, 116 Criteria external, 25, 26, 32, 33, 80, 109 internal, 25, 33, 80, 81, 83 need
for, 45, 47 Culture, role of, 119-133 Darwin, Sir Charles, proposal for coordina tion of planning, 10-12 Darwin’s theory of natural selection, 73 Delphi method, 71 Denison, Edward F., 129 Descartes, René, 14, 17 Developing countries, see Underdeveloped countries Discussion, need for open, 56-58, 60, 61, 71 Doty, Paul, 116 Economic analysis, 135-139 Economic growth and scientific research, 92-106 Economics as a criterion, 37, 38, 49, 67-69, 73 role of, vii, 39, 40, 42 Eddington, Sir Arthur S., 192 Education, 34, 41, 42, 164, 165, 166 postgraduate work, 178-182 Egerton, Sir Alfred, 10, 11 Einstein, Albert, 9, 24, 47, 126 European Organisation for Nuclear Re search, Geneva, 204 Ewell, R. A., 94, 95, 97, 104 Experts, role of, 164, 177 Faraday, Michael, 44 Feasibility, role of, 51, 73 Freeman, Christopher, 130 and Evely, Richard W„ analysis of British growth, 95 Fulbright programme, 164, 176 Galbraith, J. K., 130 Galen, 14 Grazia, Alfred de, 188-190 Green Bank, W. Va., 133 Hahn, Otto, 5, 32, 191 Haldane Report of 1918, 77 Handler, Philip, 107, 108 Heckscher, August, 87
206 INDEX “High civilisation” doctrine, 125, 126 High-energy physics, assessed, 29-32, 67 Hoyle, F., 14 Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Madras, 203 International Centre of Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy, 183, 203, 204 International cooperation, 28, 29 need for, 202 Ireland, 41, 42 Isolation, intellectual, 1, 155, 162, 163, 182— 184, 200-204 Jansky, K. G., 124 Japan, 97, 106 Johnson, Harry G., 126, 127, 128, 134, 138, 140 Jones, Aubrey, 77 Kant, Immanuel, 17 Kaysen, Carl, 134, 138, 140, 141 Kelmers, A. D., 114 Kepler, Johannes, 16 Keynes, John Maynard, 127, 129, 133 Kistiakowsky, George, 108, 123 Lewin, K., 4 Liebig, Justus von, 44, 194 Little, Arthur D., Inc., 132 Lovell, Sir Bernard, 14 Lysenko, T. D., 195 Maddox, John, 64-66, 69-71 Manhattan Project, 50 Manned-space exploration, assessed, 29, 31, 33, 67 Manpower, see Scientific personnel Menlo Park, Calif., 133 Mill, John Stuart, 17 Minasion, J. R., 92—95 Minerva, aims of, xiv, 64 Molecular biology, assessed, 29, 30, 67 Nagel, Ernest, 187 National Academy of Sciences, 107, 120123, 126, 134 National Aeronautics and Space Admin istration (NASA), 75, 76, 78, 117, 128, 131 National Cancer Institute, 114 National decisions, 54, 143, 144 National Economic Development Council, 39, 40, 73 National Institutes of Health, 116, 124 National Science Foundation, 90, 176 Neumann, John von, 27 Newton, Isaac, 16, 47, 119, 126, 188 Nierenberg, M., 29 Novelli, G. D., 114 Nuclear energy, assessed, 29, 31 Nuclear research, 112 Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 112-114 116, 133 Ochoa, Severo, 29 Olfice of Naval Research (U.S.A.), 119
Office of Science and Technology, 76 Originality as a criterion, 5, 16, 17, 19 safeguarded, 196 Overheads, 89—91, 119-133 Overlapping neighbourhoods, principle of, 6, 28, 197, 198 Paine, Thomas, 17, 19 Pakistani Atomic Energy Commission, 177, 178, 202 Atomic Energy Centre Training Program, 178, 179, 203 Panel system, 23-25, 84 Pasteur, Louis, 194 Physical sciences, financial support of, 117 Planck, Max K. E. L., 16, 44 Plausibility, as a criterion, 4, 190, 191, 193 Point Four, 176 Polanyi, Michael, 14, 64-74 passim, 86 Popper, Karl, 46 Practical value, as a criterion, xi President’s Science Advisory Committee, 23, 24, 54, 76, 108 Price, Derek J. de S., 44 Price, Don K., 123 Primary industries, 127, 128, 130 Priority, notion of, see Scientific choice Purcell, E. M., 32 RAND Corporation, 71, 78 Rayleigh, Lord, 4, 5, 191 Republic of science, ix-xi, 65, 68, 70, 71, 74, 86 defined, 18, 19 theory of, 1-20 see also Scientific community Research applied, xii, 36, 37, 41, 46, 84 choice in, 49—52 demands of, 45 in underdeveloped countries, 165-170 basic, see Research, pure budgetary control of, vii, 81-84 as consumption good, 139-142 cooperative, 167, 184 and economic growth, 92—106 financial support of, vi, 45 national expenditures on, 143, 144 problem-oriented, 72 product-oriented, 72 pure, xii, 36, 37, 41, 42, 46, 72 cultural aspects of, 84—89 demands of, 45 as investment or consumption good, xi, 134, 135 as overhead, 89—91 in underdeveloped countries, 165—170 warrants for, 134-142 and social aims, 18 types of, 72 Research centres, regional, 183 Research contract system, 78, 79
Research grants, distribution of, 7, 8, 12 Research institutes, role of, 52, 53, 57, 58, 78, 115, 116, 203
INDEX Resources, 21, 22, 38 Royal Society, London, 12, 15, 54, 71, 119 Russell, Bertrand, 17 Russell, W. L., 113 Rutherford, Ernest, 11, 191 Ryle, Martin, 14 Saif-ud-din Salman, 200 Salam, Abdus, 170 Sayre, Wallace S., 70 Schuster, Arthur, 11 Science applied, see Research, applied character of, 46-49 financial support of, 80, 81 growth of, 119, 187-199 planning of, see Republic of science popular interest in, 14, 44 public support of, 50, 61 pure, see Research, pure social goals of, 81 in underdeveloped countries, 143-163 Science policy, v—xiv Scientific activities, 1-3, 18, 45 Scientific authority, 6, 7, 14-16, 196 Scientific choice, vii, xii_xiv, 21 and biomedical science, 107—118 complexity of, xi, 63-79, 119-133 criteria for, xi, xii, 21-33, 80-91 Minerva, debate in, 64-68, 72, 107-109 problems of, 22, 23 Scientific community, 70, 195-199 and choice, 44-62 international, 35 organised, 1-20 see also Republic of science Scientific effort, distribution of, 34-43 Scientific inquiry and public welfare, 8, 13 Scientific judgement components of, 187-193 consensual ground of, 193, 194 Scientific literature, importance of, 24, 25, 52, 183, 184 Scientific merit, as an external criterion, xii, 26-28, 32, 65-67, 69, 109 Scientific personnel, v, vi, xiii, 22, 35, 100102, 104, 173 effective use of, 36, 38 in production and sales, 42, 43 Scientific progress, autonomy of, 8, 9, 10-12 Scientific standards, 4-8, 15 Scientific value, as a criterion, xi, 5, 196, 197 Seaborg (Glenn) panel, 120, 125, 141 Secondary industries, 127, 128, 130, 133 Self-determination versus tradition, 17, 18
Semenov, N. N., 87 Sesbchar, B. R., 204 Shils, Edward, 64 Sloan-Kettering Institute, 116 Smith-Mundt programmes, 164, 176 Snow, C. P., 69n., 77n. Social merit, as an external criterion, xii, 26, 28-32, 66, 109 Soddy, Frederick, 191 207 Soviet Russia, 35, 74, 104, 188, 195 scientific research in, 9, 13, 168 Specialisation, 35 Sprat, Thomas, 119 Stanford Research Institute, 78 Strassmann, Friedrich, 32 Stulberg, M. P., 114 Syndicalism, 67 Tata Institute, Bombay, 203 Taube, Mortimer, 24, 25 Technical assistance programme, 171-176 Technical developments decisions in, 58-61 reassessments of, 58, 59, 61, 62 Technological merit, as an external criterion, xii, 26, 30-32, 66, 69, 109 Technological unemployment, 127 Technology development pattern of, 51, 52 and economic growth, 92—95 speculative, 72 Teller, Edward, 82, 83 Tertiary industries, 135 emergence of, 126-129, 130 social patterns of, 131-133 Thomson, George P., 50 Toplmin, Stephen, 81, 82n., 134, 135, 141 Townes, Charles H., 124 Tradition, xiii, xiv, 16, 17, 19, 157, 168 Trend Report, 64, 77, 78 Tusi, Nasír Al-Din, 200 Underdeveloped countries basic research in, 164—176 isolation in, 200-204 research policy in, 145-159 science in, vi, vii, 143-163, 177-186 scientific education in, 170, 171, 178-180, 201 scientific personnel in, xiv, 159, 160, 162, 170, 171, 173, 185 technical assistance in, 164—176 visitors’ programmes for, 174-176, 183, 184 United States, science budget in, 21, 22 Universities, role of, 53, 204 University Grants Committee, 10, 11, 13 Unpredictability, argument from, 124, 125 Usmáni, I. H., 169 Velikovsky
Affair, 187—199 Vesalius, Andreas, 14 Watson-Crick development, 116 Weinberg, Alvin M., xii, 64, 66, 67, 69, 120— 122, 125, 133 Wiesner, Jerome, 76n., 119 Wigner, Eugene. 89 Williams, B. R., 130 Woehler, Friedrich, 194 World Health Organization, 116 Worlds in Collision, 188 Un/v.-ВіЫ. Bamberg
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| indexdate | 2024-07-09T16:21:33Z |
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| language | English |
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| spelling | Criteria for scientific development: public policy and national goals a selection of articles from Minerva ed. by Edward Shils 1. M.I.T. Pr. paperback ed. Cambridge, Mass. u.a. MIT Press 1969 XVI,207 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier M.I.T. 121 Maatstaven gtt Overheidsbeleid gtt Politique scientifique et technique Wetenschapsbeleid gtt Politik Research Science and civilization Science and state Shils, Edward 1910-1995 Sonstige (DE-588)120484528 oth Digitalisierung UB Bamberg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=003085007&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Criteria for scientific development: public policy and national goals a selection of articles from Minerva Maatstaven gtt Overheidsbeleid gtt Politique scientifique et technique Wetenschapsbeleid gtt Politik Research Science and civilization Science and state |
| title | Criteria for scientific development: public policy and national goals a selection of articles from Minerva |
| title_auth | Criteria for scientific development: public policy and national goals a selection of articles from Minerva |
| title_exact_search | Criteria for scientific development: public policy and national goals a selection of articles from Minerva |
| title_full | Criteria for scientific development: public policy and national goals a selection of articles from Minerva ed. by Edward Shils |
| title_fullStr | Criteria for scientific development: public policy and national goals a selection of articles from Minerva ed. by Edward Shils |
| title_full_unstemmed | Criteria for scientific development: public policy and national goals a selection of articles from Minerva ed. by Edward Shils |
| title_short | Criteria for scientific development: public policy and national goals |
| title_sort | criteria for scientific development public policy and national goals a selection of articles from minerva |
| title_sub | a selection of articles from Minerva |
| topic | Maatstaven gtt Overheidsbeleid gtt Politique scientifique et technique Wetenschapsbeleid gtt Politik Research Science and civilization Science and state |
| topic_facet | Maatstaven Overheidsbeleid Politique scientifique et technique Wetenschapsbeleid Politik Research Science and civilization Science and state |
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