Out of necessity: women working in Berlin at the height of industrialization ; 1874 - 1913
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
New York u.a.
Garland
1991
|
| Series: | Modern European history / Germany and Austria
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XX, 259 S. Kt. |
| ISBN: | 0815306709 |
Staff View
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text | V
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES vii
LIST OF FIGURES ix
PREFACE TO THE GARLAND EDITION xi
PREFACE xvii
Chapter
I. WOMEN, WORK, AND FAMILY IN THE WEST:
A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE 1
Impact of Industrialization on
Separation of Work and Home 3
Independence for Women 4
Removal of Married Women from the Labor Force 11
Impact of Ideas 14
Women as Consumers 18
Women and the Family Economy 20
Statement of Purpose and Scope 22
Notes 25
II. THE SETTING: MIGRATION AND GROWTH IN
i IMPERIAL BERLIN 33
Migration and Population Structure 38
Migration and Socioeconomic Conditions 43
Industrial Development 45
Social Structure 57
Housing 59
Urban Agglomeration 65
Conclusion 73
Notes 74
III. WOMEN S WORK IN THE GREATER BERLIN
AREA 81
Trends in Labor Force Participation in the Greater
Berlin Area 84
Women s Work in Berlin and Environs 92
Clothing Trades 93
I
vi Out of Necessity
Decline of Textiles and Rise of Food Industries . 99
Mechanization and Female Advances into Light
Industry 100
Trade, Services, and Professions 105
Taking in Lodgers and Night Lodgers 107
Conclusion 109
Notes 110
IV. LIFE COURSE, FAMILY, AND WOMEN S WORK . 117
Female Labor Force Participation and the Life Course 118
Work versus Family Commitments 135
Life Course and Particular Job Choices 141
Conclusion 158
Notes 162
V. SOCIETY AND THE IMPLICATIONS OF WOMEN S
WORK 169
Contemporary Attitudes Toward Women Working . 170
The Reality of Women Working for Remuneration . 177
Expenditure Patterns of Unmarried Female Factory
Workers 181
Wives and Supplementary Household Income ... 196
Conclusion 211
Notes 214
VI. CONCLUSIONS 221
SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY 229
Archival Collections 229
Published Statistical Sources 229
Historical Literature 232
Recent Literature 237
Reference Works 248
INDEX 251
vii
LIST OF TABLES
1. Population of the Four Major European Cities, 1860/1 1920/1 34
2. Natural Increase as a Variable in Berlin s Population Growth,
1875 1910 36
3. Migration to and from Berlin, 1875 1910 37
4. Components of Berlin s Population Growth Broken Down by
Sex, 1875 1910 40
5. Age Specific Net Migration Rates by Sex in Berlin (1880, 1895,
1910) 42
6. Proportion of Migrants and Residents with Occupations in Ber¬
lin, 1880 1910 49
7. Labor Force Participation Rates of Men and Women in Berlin,
1875 1907 50
8. Wage Rates (in Marks) in Selected Industrial Occupations: Ber¬
lin and Surrounding Areas, 1885 1907 56
9. Proportion of Households with Lodgers and Night Lodgers in
Berlin, 1875 1910 63
10. Population and Rate of Growth in Berlin and Selected Suburban
Areas, 1875 1910 66
11. Migration between Berlin and its Suburbs, 1900 10 .... 71
12. Female Labor Force Participation in Factories and Workshops
by Industrial Branch, Greater Berlin (1902) 85
13. Labor Force Participation Rates of Men and Women in Berlin,
! Charlottenburg, Schoeneberg, and Rixdorf (1882, 1895, 1907) 86
14. Proportional Distribution of the Female Labor Force in Cities of
100,000 or More in the Greater Berlin Area by Major Industrial
Group (1882, 1895, 1907) 90
15. Proportional Distribution of the Female Labor Force in Berlin
by Occupational Branch (1882, 1895, 1907) 94
16. Age Specific Labor Force Participation Rates of Single/Divorced
and Widowed Women in Berlin, 1882 120
17. General Illegitimate and Marital Fertility Rates for Berlin, Prus¬
sia, and the German Reich, 1875 1905 122
18. Age Specific Labor Force Participation Rates of Married and
Unmarried Women in Berlin (1875, 1880, 1882, 1885, 1900) 123
19. General Labor Force Participation Rates of Married and All
Women, Ages 20 59, in Berlin, 1875 1907 125
viii Out of Necessity
20. Age Specific Female Labor Force Participation Rates in Berlin,
1875 1907 128
21. Age Specific Labor Force Participation Rates of Women in Se¬
lect Occupational Branches in Berlin (1875 and 1907) ... 129
22. Female Labor Force by Occupation, Age, and Date of Migration
to Berlin: Selected Statistics for 1885 132
23. Proportional Distribution of Widows by Age in Berlin, 1875
1910 138
24. Proportion of Unmarried Women in the Productive Ages Living
on Private Means, State and Private Pensions, and Poor Relief
in Berlin (1875, 1880, 1885, 1900) 140
25. Proportional Distribution of the Female Factory Labor Force by
Crude Age Category in Greater Berlin, 1892 1912 .... 146
26. Age Structure of the Female Labor Force in Factories and Work¬
shops, Greater Berlin, 1902 148
27. Age Structure by Housing Category, Unmarried Female Workers
in Factories and Workshops, Greater Berlin, 1902 .... 150
28. Rate of Taking in Lodgers and Night Lodgers by Household
Head and Presence of Children in Berlin, 1875 1905 ... 157
29. Daily Male Wage Rates (in Marks) in Selected Industrial Occu¬
pations in Berlin, 1880 1907 159
30. Proportional Distribution of Weekly Earnings by Housing Cat¬
egory, Unmarried Female Workers in Factories and Workshops,
Greater Berlin, 1902 183
31. Average Weekly Earnings of Unmarried Female Workers in Fac¬
tories and Workshops, by Age and Housing Category, Greater
Berlin, 1902 184
32. Necessary Expenses as Percent of Earnings by Housing Cate¬
gory, Unmarried Female Workers in Factories and Workshops,
Greater Berlin, 1902 186
33. Proportional Distribution of Weekly Food Expenditures byHous
ing Category, Unmarried Female Workers in Factories and Work¬
shops, Greater Berlin, 1902 189
34. Total Fixed Expenses as Percent of Income by Housing Cate¬
gory, Unmarried Female Workers in Factories and Workshops,
Greater Berlin, 1902 192
35. Characteristics of Households in the Berlin Budget Studies of
1896, 1899/1900, 1900, 1903, and 1907 200
36. Sources of Supplementary Household Income by Primary In¬
come of the Head of the Household, Berlin, 1900 and 1907 . 204
ix
LIST OF FIGURES
1. German Railways, 1835 65 47
2. The German Empire, 1871 1918 54
3. Berlin and Environs, 1841 1920 69
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| geographic | Berlin fes Deutschland Berlin (DE-588)4005728-8 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Berlin Deutschland |
| id | DE-604.BV004836568 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T16:18:26Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0815306709 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-002977710 |
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| physical | XX, 259 S. Kt. |
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| publishDate | 1991 |
| publishDateSearch | 1991 |
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| publisher | Garland |
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| series2 | Modern European history / Germany and Austria |
| spelling | Orthmann, Rosemary Verfasser aut Out of necessity women working in Berlin at the height of industrialization ; 1874 - 1913 Rosemary Orthmann New York u.a. Garland 1991 XX, 259 S. Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Modern European history / Germany and Austria Geschichte 1874-1913 gnd rswk-swf Arbeiterfamilie fes Arbeitsmigration fes Frauenarbeit fes Frau Geschichte Women -- Employment -- Germany -- Berlin -- History Frau (DE-588)4018202-2 gnd rswk-swf Frauenarbeit (DE-588)4018210-1 gnd rswk-swf Industrialisierung (DE-588)4026776-3 gnd rswk-swf Arbeiterin (DE-588)4002587-1 gnd rswk-swf Berlin fes Deutschland Berlin (DE-588)4005728-8 gnd rswk-swf Berlin (DE-588)4005728-8 g Arbeiterin (DE-588)4002587-1 s Geschichte 1874-1913 z DE-604 Industrialisierung (DE-588)4026776-3 s Frauenarbeit (DE-588)4018210-1 s DE-188 Frau (DE-588)4018202-2 s HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002977710&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Orthmann, Rosemary Out of necessity women working in Berlin at the height of industrialization ; 1874 - 1913 Arbeiterfamilie fes Arbeitsmigration fes Frauenarbeit fes Frau Geschichte Women -- Employment -- Germany -- Berlin -- History Frau (DE-588)4018202-2 gnd Frauenarbeit (DE-588)4018210-1 gnd Industrialisierung (DE-588)4026776-3 gnd Arbeiterin (DE-588)4002587-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4018202-2 (DE-588)4018210-1 (DE-588)4026776-3 (DE-588)4002587-1 (DE-588)4005728-8 |
| title | Out of necessity women working in Berlin at the height of industrialization ; 1874 - 1913 |
| title_auth | Out of necessity women working in Berlin at the height of industrialization ; 1874 - 1913 |
| title_exact_search | Out of necessity women working in Berlin at the height of industrialization ; 1874 - 1913 |
| title_full | Out of necessity women working in Berlin at the height of industrialization ; 1874 - 1913 Rosemary Orthmann |
| title_fullStr | Out of necessity women working in Berlin at the height of industrialization ; 1874 - 1913 Rosemary Orthmann |
| title_full_unstemmed | Out of necessity women working in Berlin at the height of industrialization ; 1874 - 1913 Rosemary Orthmann |
| title_short | Out of necessity |
| title_sort | out of necessity women working in berlin at the height of industrialization 1874 1913 |
| title_sub | women working in Berlin at the height of industrialization ; 1874 - 1913 |
| topic | Arbeiterfamilie fes Arbeitsmigration fes Frauenarbeit fes Frau Geschichte Women -- Employment -- Germany -- Berlin -- History Frau (DE-588)4018202-2 gnd Frauenarbeit (DE-588)4018210-1 gnd Industrialisierung (DE-588)4026776-3 gnd Arbeiterin (DE-588)4002587-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Arbeiterfamilie Arbeitsmigration Frauenarbeit Frau Geschichte Women -- Employment -- Germany -- Berlin -- History Industrialisierung Arbeiterin Berlin Deutschland |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002977710&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT orthmannrosemary outofnecessitywomenworkinginberlinattheheightofindustrialization18741913 |