Bus deregulation in the metropolitan areas:
Saved in:
| Format: | Book |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Aldershot u.a.
Avebury
1991
|
| Series: | Oxford studies in transport
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XII, 264 S. Kt. |
| ISBN: | 1856281981 |
Staff View
MARC
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text | Contents
PREFACE ix
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS xi
1. INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Bus Deregulation a Radical Change 1
1.2 Public Transport Organisation in the Metropolitan Areas 2
1.3 The Terms of Reference for the Study 5
1.4 The Range of Research Hypotheses 5
1.5 The Approach Taken 7
1.6 Liaison with Other Studies 9
1.7 Anticipated Research Problems 10
PART ONE
BACKGROUND
2. THE BUS INDUSTRY PRIOR TO THE
DEREGULATION DEBATE 13
2.1 First Stage Growth : 1900 to 1950 13
2.2 Second Stage Decline : 1950 to 1970 15
2.3 The Bus Industry in the 1970s and 1980s 18
2.4 Summary 27
3. THE ROAD TO DEREGULATION 29
3.1 The Proposed Changes 30
3.2 The Case for Deregulation 33
3.3 The Case against Deregulation 33
3.4 The Predicted effects of Competition 34
3.5 Summary 41
v
PART TWO
THE EFFECTS ON THE INDUSTRY
4. THE STRUCTURE OF THE BUS INDUSTRY 45
4.1 Changes to the Structure of the Bus Industry 45
4.2 Predictions Concerning the New Structure of the Bus Industry 46
4.3 The Size and Nature of Bus Companies after Deregulation 46
4.4 Private Bus Companies 53
4.5 Organisational Changes to the Industry 58
4.6 Summary 4
5. THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPETITION 67
5.1 Case Study: Competition in Greater Manchester 67
5.2 Competition in Other Metropolitan Areas _ 74
5.3 Competition with Rail 76
5.4 Summary 78
6. THE COMPETITIVE STRATEGIES OF
BUS OPERATORS 81
6.1 Market Entry by the New Private Sector 81
6.2 The Commercial Services Operated by Private Operators 83
6.3 Other Policies of Small Operators 89
6.4 End Note: The Future of Private Operators 95
6.5 The Metropolitan Passenger Transport Companies (ptcs) 96
6.6 The National Bus Companies (NBC) and the Scottish Bus Group (SBG) 102
6.7 Advertising as a Competitive Strategy 104
6.8 The Regulation of Deregulation 106
6.9 Summary 109
7. COMPETITION FOR TENDERED SERVICES Ill
7.1 Case Study Tendering in the West Midlands Ill
7.2 Summary 123
8. CONTESTABILITY OF THE LOCAL BUS
INDUSTRY 125
8.1 Introduction 125
8.2 Case Study A Test of Contestability of the Local Bus Industry: Fare
Levels in the Strathclyde Region 126
8.3 Evidence from the Analysis of Private Operators 127
8.4 Contestability of the Tendered Services Market 132
8.5 Summary 135
vi
PART THREE
THE EFFECTS ON PASSENGERS
9. CHANGES TO THE QUALITY OF BUS
SERVICES 137
9.1 Introduction 137
9.2 Changes in Vehicle Miles 137
9.3 Changes in Journey Times 142
9.4 The Reliability and Bunching of Services 145
9.5 The Level of Instability in the Bus Network 148
9.6 The Role of Tendered Services 149
9.7 Summary 153
10. FARE LEVELS 155
10.1 General Trends in Fare Levels 155
10.2 Changes in Cash Fares in the Metropolitan Areas 157
10.3 Tendered Fares 164
10.4 Concessionary Fares 164
10.5 Summary 165
11. THE INTEGRATION OF SERVICES 167
11.1 Network Tickets 167
11.2 Co ordination of Services 172
11.3 Summary 174
12. CHANGES TO PATRONAGE LEVELS 175
12.1 Introduction 175
12.2 Overall Patronage Changes 176
12.3 Patronage Changes in the Individual Metropolitan Areas 178
12.4 Changes to Rail Patronage 193
12.5 Summary 194
13. OPINIONS OF PASSENGERS 195
13.1 Introduction 195
13.2 The TRRL Attitude Survey, March 1987 195
13.3 The Greater Manchester Attitude Survey 200
13.4 The West Yorkshire Panel Survey 200
13.5 The Buswatch Survey 201
13.6 Effects on Different Sections of the Community 201
13.7 Summary 205
vii
PART FOUR
THE WIDER EFFECTS
14. THE EFFECTS OF DEREGULATION
ON BUSWORKERS 207
14.1 Deregulation The Arguments Affecting Labour 207
14.2 Changes in Staff Levels Following Deregulation 207
14.3 Changes in the Role of Trade Unions Following Deregulation 213
14.4 Changes to Wages and Conditions of Recruitment 213
14.5 Changes in the Pattern of Hours Worked 219
14.6 Sickness and Holiday Pay 219
14.7 Summary 220
15. COSTS AND EFFICIENCY 223
15.1 Introduction 223
15.2 Changes to the Costs of Operation 223
15.3 Changes to Worker Productivity 225
15.4 Changes in the Costs to Users 226
15.5 Changes in Public Subsidy 227
15.6 Costs of Tendered Operations 230
15.7 System Efficiency 230
15.8 Summary 232
16. THE EFFECTS OF DEREGULATION
ON TRANSPORT PLANNING 233
16.1 Traffic Congestion and the Emergence of a New Consensus 233
16.2 The Role for Buses in the New Orthodoxy 235
17. CONCLUSIONS 237
17.1 Summary of Key Findings 237
17.2 Future Prospects 239
References 243
Glossary 253
viii
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| isbn | 1856281981 |
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| spelling | Bus deregulation in the metropolitan areas Laurie Pickup ... Aldershot u.a. Avebury 1991 XII, 264 S. Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Oxford studies in transport Politik Bus lines Deregulation Great Britain Local transit Government policy Great Britain Transportation and state Great Britain Öffentlicher Personennahverkehr (DE-588)4043176-9 gnd rswk-swf Deregulierung (DE-588)4201191-7 gnd rswk-swf Omnibusverkehr (DE-588)4043541-6 gnd rswk-swf Großbritannien Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 gnd rswk-swf Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 g Omnibusverkehr (DE-588)4043541-6 s Öffentlicher Personennahverkehr (DE-588)4043176-9 s Deregulierung (DE-588)4201191-7 s DE-604 Pickup, Laurie Sonstige oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002832696&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Bus deregulation in the metropolitan areas Politik Bus lines Deregulation Great Britain Local transit Government policy Great Britain Transportation and state Great Britain Öffentlicher Personennahverkehr (DE-588)4043176-9 gnd Deregulierung (DE-588)4201191-7 gnd Omnibusverkehr (DE-588)4043541-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4043176-9 (DE-588)4201191-7 (DE-588)4043541-6 (DE-588)4022153-2 |
| title | Bus deregulation in the metropolitan areas |
| title_auth | Bus deregulation in the metropolitan areas |
| title_exact_search | Bus deregulation in the metropolitan areas |
| title_full | Bus deregulation in the metropolitan areas Laurie Pickup ... |
| title_fullStr | Bus deregulation in the metropolitan areas Laurie Pickup ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bus deregulation in the metropolitan areas Laurie Pickup ... |
| title_short | Bus deregulation in the metropolitan areas |
| title_sort | bus deregulation in the metropolitan areas |
| topic | Politik Bus lines Deregulation Great Britain Local transit Government policy Great Britain Transportation and state Great Britain Öffentlicher Personennahverkehr (DE-588)4043176-9 gnd Deregulierung (DE-588)4201191-7 gnd Omnibusverkehr (DE-588)4043541-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Politik Bus lines Deregulation Great Britain Local transit Government policy Great Britain Transportation and state Great Britain Öffentlicher Personennahverkehr Deregulierung Omnibusverkehr Großbritannien |
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