Social comparison: contemporary theory and research
Saved in:
| Format: | Book |
|---|---|
| Language: | Undetermined |
| Published: |
Hillsdale, N.J. u.a.
Erlbaum
1991
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XV, 431 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0805805494 0805805508 |
Staff View
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text | SOCIAL COMPARISON
Contemporary Theory and Research
Edited by
JERRY SULS
The University of Iowa
THOMAS ASHBY WILLS
Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, and
Albert Einstein College of Medicine
LAWRENCE
ERLBAUM ASSOCIATES, PUBLISHERS
1991 Hillsdale, New Jersey Hove and London
Contents
Contributors xi
Introduction xiii
PART I: GENERAL MODELS OF SOCIAL COMPARISON
1 A Brief History of Social Comparison Theory
Ladd Wheeler 3
Informal Social Communication 4
Social Comparison Theory 5
Criticisms 6
Schachter s Contributions 7
The Rank-Order Paradigm 8
The Case for Dissimilarity 11
Adaptive Versus Hedonic Forces 12
Attitude Versus Ability Similarity 13
General Versus Specific Similarity 14
Modeling as Social Comparison 14
Attribution and Social Comparison 16
Downward Comparison 18
In Memoriam 18
References 19
2 Serving Self-Relevant Goals Through Social Comparison
Joanne V Wood and Kathryn L Taylor 23
Serving Goals Through Social Comparison 24
When Do Self-Evaluation Versus Self-Enhancement Goals
Dominate Social Comparisons? 40
Conclusion 45
References 46
3 Similarity and Self-Esteem in Downward Comparison
Thomas Ashby Wills 51
Similarity and Self-Esteem in Downward Comparison 51
The Theory of Downward Comparison 52
•
VI CONTENTS
Comparison Differential and Subjective Well-Being 56
Level Effects and Dimensional Comparison 62
Effects of Downward Comparison 64
Downward Comparison and Self-Esteem 67
General Discussion 72
Acknowledgments 74
References 74
4 Changing Patterns of Comparative Behavior as Skills Are Acquired:
A Functional Model of Self-Evaluation
Diane N Ruble and Karin S Frey 79
Phases of Self-Related Skill and Knowledge Acquisition 81
Implications for Age-Related Predictions and Findings 92
Motivational Implications 100
Conclusions 104
Acknowledgments 107
References 107
5 Emotion in Social Comparison and Reflection Processes
Abraham Tesser 117
The Self-Evaluation Maintenance (SEM) Model 118
Emotion as a Marker of SEM Processes 125
The Emotional Experience of Comparison and
Reflection Processes 132
Emotion as a Mediator of SEM Behavior 137
Summary 143
Acknowledgment 144
References 144
PART II: SOCIAL COGNITION AND SOCIAL COMPARISON
6 The Uniqueness Bias: Studies of Constructive Social Comparison
George R Goethals, David M Messick, and Scott T Allison 149
Social Comparison Theory and Perceptions of Social Reality 150
Studies of Perceived Consensus: Overestimations
and Underestimations 157
The Uniqueness Bias: On Being Better Than Average 159
CONTENTS Vii
Reality-Constrained Self-Deception: The Role of
Behavioral Specificity in the Uniqueness Bias 162
The Uniqueness Bias in Other Populations 166
Gender and Uniqueness 168
The Link to Self-Esteem and Depression 169
Constructive Social Comparison and the Uniqueness Bias 171
Acknowledgments 173
References 173
7 Social Projection and Attitudinal Certainty
Norman Miller, Sharon Gross, and Rolf Holtz 177
An Unspoken Half of Social Comparison Theory: Social
Projection as a Source of Certainty 178
Research on the Effects of Social Projection 184
The Effects of Attitudinal Certainty on Projection 196
The Relation Between Projection and Social
Comparison Processes 199
Conclusion 204
Acknowledgments 205
References 205
8 Self-Esteem and Intergroup Comparisons: Toward a Theory of Col-
lective Self-Esteem
Riia Luhtanen and Jennifer Crocker 21-1
The Role of Self-Esteem in Prejudice and
Intergroup Comparisons: Review of Theories 212
A Paradox of Self-Esteem and Ingroup Bias 214
Personal or Collective Self-Esteem 221
Unresolved Issues 225
Campus Racism: The Role of Personal and Collective
Self-Esteem 231
Acknowledgments 232
References 232
PART III: SPECIFIC MODELS OF COMPARISON
9 Responses to Upward and Downward Social Comparisons: The
Impact of Esteem-relevance and Perceived Control
Brenda Major, Maria Testa, and Wayne H Bylsma 237
Esteem-Relevant Social Comparisons 241
Vlii CONTENTS
Perceived Control over Comparison Discrepancies 244
Review of Relevant Research 249
Summary and Conclusions 255
References 257
10 Social Comparison Processes in Envy and Jealousy
Peter Salovey 261
Envy and Jealousy as Dispositions, Feelings,
and Situations 262
Social Comparison and Self-Definition: The Antecedents
of Envy and Jealousy 268
Social Consequences of Envy and Jealousy 274
Social Comparison, Envy, and Jealousy in Sociocultural
Context 278
Conclusions 280
Acknowledgments 281
References 281
11 When Social Comparison Goes Awry: The Case of Pluralistic
Ignorance
Dale T Miller and Cathy McFarland 287
The Puzzle of Pluralistic Ignorance 288
Pluralistic Ignorance and the Social Comparison
Process 289
The Breeding Grounds for Pluralistic Ignorance 291
Toward a Theory of Pluralistic Ignorance 296
Empirical Evidence 298
Discussion 303
Acknowledgments 310
References 310
PART IV: APPLIED MODELS OF SOCIAL COMPARISON
12 Downward Comparison and Coping With Threat
Frederick X Gibbons and Meg Gerrard 317
Downward Comparison and Subjective Weil-Being 322
Downward Comparison and Coping Outcome 330
CONTENTS ix
Active Downward Comparison and Social
Distancing 335
Summary and Conclusions 340
Conclusion 341
Acknowledgment 342
References 342
13 Comparisons, Justice, and the Internment of Japanese-Americans
Donna Nagata and Faye Crosby 347
Denial of Personal Disadvantage 353
Lessons 362
Acknowledgment 364
References 365
14 Social Comparison and Coping With Major Medical Problems
Glenn Affleck and Howard Tennen 369
Social Comparisons in Rheumatoid Arthritis 370
Social Comparisons by Mothers of Medically Fragile
Infants 375
Social Comparisons Among Women With Impaired
Fertility 380
Summary and Conclusions 389
Acknowledgments 391
References 391
PARTV
15 Commentary: Neo-Social Comparison Theory and Beyond
Thomas Ashby Wills and Jerry Suls 395
Similarity and Social Comparison 395
How Do Comparison Goals Shift? 397
Consequences of Comparison 400
Do People Strive for Uniformity or Uniqueness? 402
To What Degree Is Comparison Motivated by
Uncertainty? 404
Do People Avoid Comparison? 406
X CONTENTS
New Directions 408
References 409
Author Index 413
Subject Index 429
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| spelling | Social comparison contemporary theory and research ed. by Jerry Suls ... Hillsdale, N.J. u.a. Erlbaum 1991 XV, 431 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Sozialer Vergleichsprozess (DE-588)4181944-5 gnd rswk-swf Sozialpsychologie (DE-588)4055891-5 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Sozialer Vergleichsprozess (DE-588)4181944-5 s DE-604 Sozialpsychologie (DE-588)4055891-5 s Suls, Jerry Sonstige oth HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002704077&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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| subject_GND | (DE-588)4181944-5 (DE-588)4055891-5 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Social comparison contemporary theory and research |
| title_auth | Social comparison contemporary theory and research |
| title_exact_search | Social comparison contemporary theory and research |
| title_full | Social comparison contemporary theory and research ed. by Jerry Suls ... |
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| title_full_unstemmed | Social comparison contemporary theory and research ed. by Jerry Suls ... |
| title_short | Social comparison |
| title_sort | social comparison contemporary theory and research |
| title_sub | contemporary theory and research |
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| topic_facet | Sozialer Vergleichsprozess Sozialpsychologie Aufsatzsammlung |
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