Theories of comparative analysis:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge, Mass. u.a.
MIT Pr.
1990
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XII, 184 S. |
| ISBN: | 0262231522 |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nam a2200000 c 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV004165743 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 20030716 | ||
| 007 | t | ||
| 008 | 901206s1990 |||| 00||| eng d | ||
| 020 | |a 0262231522 |9 0-262-23152-2 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)21078375 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV004165743 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rakwb | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 049 | |a DE-12 |a DE-91G |a DE-473 |a DE-739 |a DE-355 | ||
| 050 | 0 | |a Q335 | |
| 082 | 0 | |a 006.3 |2 20 | |
| 084 | |a ST 285 |0 (DE-625)143648: |2 rvk | ||
| 084 | |a DAT 708f |2 stub | ||
| 084 | |a DAT 716f |2 stub | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Weld, Daniel S. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Theories of comparative analysis |c Daniel S. Weld |
| 264 | 1 | |a Cambridge, Mass. u.a. |b MIT Pr. |c 1990 | |
| 300 | |a XII, 184 S. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Intelligence artificielle | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Raisonnement | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Künstliche Intelligenz | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Artificial intelligence | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Reasoning | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Physikalisches System |0 (DE-588)4174610-7 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Künstliche Intelligenz |0 (DE-588)4033447-8 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Qualitative Methode |0 (DE-588)4137346-7 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Analyse |0 (DE-588)4122795-5 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Qualitative Methode |0 (DE-588)4137346-7 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Künstliche Intelligenz |0 (DE-588)4033447-8 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 689 | 1 | 0 | |a Physikalisches System |0 (DE-588)4174610-7 |D s |
| 689 | 1 | 1 | |a Analyse |0 (DE-588)4122795-5 |D s |
| 689 | 1 | 2 | |a Künstliche Intelligenz |0 (DE-588)4033447-8 |D s |
| 689 | 1 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m HEBIS Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002597682&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-002597682 | ||
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804118376950267904 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Theories of Comparative Analysis
Daniel S Weld
The MIT Press
Cambridge, Massachusetts
London, England
Contents
List of Figures xi
Series Foreword xiii
Acknowledgments xv
Preface xvii
1 Introduction 1
1 1 Reader s Guide 3
1 2 Motivation 4
121 Why Qualitative Physics? 4
122 Why Comparative Analysis? 7
1 3 Context 8
131 Qualitative Values 8
132 Ontologies for Modeling Change 10
133 Qualitative Simulation 12
134 Types of Comparative Analysis 14
1 4 Differential Qualitative Analysis 15
141 Perspectives 15
142 Changes in Behavioral Topology 19
1 5 Exaggeration 20
151 Transform, Simulate, and Scale Phases 20
152 Qualitative Hyperreal Representation 23
153 Persistence and Arrival Filtering 25
1 6 Conclusions 27
2 Differential Qualitative Analysis 29
2 1 Preliminaries 29
211 Qualitative Behavior 30
212 Comparing Two Behaviors 31
213 Comparing Two Behaviors over Intervals 33
214 Time as a Perspective 35
2 2 DQ Inference Rules 35
221 Duration Rule 36
222 Derivative Rules 39
223 Perspective Rules 42
224 Constants 43
225 Rules with Time as a Perspective 44
226 Rules from Qualitative Arithmetic 44
2 3 Implementation 45
2 4 Extensions for Diagnosis 48
2 5 Changes in Behavioral Topology 49
251 Initial Behavior Inconsistent 52
252 Finding Other Consistent Behaviors 58
2 6 Summary 60
3 Exaggeration 61
3 1 Qualitative Representation Extensions 62
3 2 Transform Phase 67
3 3 Simulate Phase 72
3 4 Scale Phase 98
341 Scaling Durations 99
v342 Multiple Behaviors 102
3 5 Summary 103
vm
ualitative epresentation xtensions
The Hyperreal Numbers
The Qualitative Hyperreals
Behaviors over Hyperreal Time
Choice of Parameter
Choice of Direction
Choice of Distance
How QSIM Works
Transition Tables
Constraint Filters
Predecessor-Persistence Filter
Successor-Arrival Filter
Improving the Temporal Filters
Irrelevant-Transition Filter
Summary
4 Analysis of Techniques 105
4 1 Similarities and Shared Problems 105
411 Ambiguous Questions 105
412 Qualitative Arithmetic is Ambiguous 105
413 Linearity is not Represented 107
4 2 Theoretical Difference 109
421 Predicting Partial Derivatives 109
422 Predicting Asymptotes 111
4 3 Competence Difference 112
431 Weaknesses of Exaggeration 112
432 Weaknesses of DQ Analysis 113
4 4 Performance Difference 116
441 DQ Analysis is Polynomial 117
442 Exaggeration is Exponential 118
4 5 Explanation Difference 119
451 What Makes a Good Explanation? 120
452 Exaggeration can Produce Simpler Answers 122
453 Unnatural Explanations 123
4 6 Combining the Techniques 125
5 Related Work 127
5 1 Sensitivity Analysis 127
5 2 Williams Temporal Representation 128
5 3 de Kleer s IQ Analysis 129
5 4 Forbus DQ Analysis 130
5 5 Raiman s FOG 130
5 6 Kuipers Time Scale Abstraction 132
5 7 Davis CHEPACHET 133
6 Conclusions 137
6 1 Summary 137
ix
6 2 Future Work 137
621 Augmenting DQ Analysis 138
622 Other Uses for Exaggeration 138
623 Reasoning about Discontinuous Systems 139
624 Reasoning with Multiple Models 140
625 Mixed Qualitative Quantitative Reasoning 142
6 3 Conclusions 142
A Glossary 145
B A Useful Example 151
C Readings in Nonstandard Analysis 153
D HR-QSIM Transition Tables 155
E Program Output for the Spring and Block 159
F List of Examples Implemented 167
Bibliography 179
Index 183
List of Figures
1 1 Ideal Spring Attached to Block on Frictionless Table 2
1 2 Appropriate Plate Model Depends on Context 6
1 3 Overview of the DQ Analysis Algorithm 16
1 4 QSIM Behavior for Stable Spring Oscillation 17
1 5 Actual Plot of Force versus Time 18
1 6 Hot Oil Flows Through Heat Exchanger 20
1 7 Initial Behavior of Heat Exchanger 21
1 8 Perturbed Behavior of Heat Exchanger 22
1 9 Overview of the Exaggeration Algorithm 23
1 10 Some Values in the Heat Hyperreal Quantity Space 24
2-1 Fftfti) yetP [0il} andP^0 1) 39
2 2 Propositions Are Encoded Directly Into ARK Rules 46
2 3 CA Generated Explanation for Increasing the Mass in
the Spring/Block System 48
2 4 Overview of the DQ Analysis Algorithm 50
2 5 QSIM State Tree Generates Possible Behaviors 52
2 6 The Initial Behavior Corresponds to the Path (QS1,
QS2, QS3) 53
2 7 The Behavior Corresponding to the Path (QS1, QS2,
QS5, QS6, QS7) 55
3 1 Overview of the Exaggeration Algorithm 62
3 2 Regular and Counter Flow Heat Exchangers 68
3 3 Transform Phase Output 71
34A Boiler 72
3 5 Transitions among Standard (QSIM) Qualitative Values 76
3 6 QSIM Transition for (/,-,« *) 77
3 7 Transitions among Qualitative Hyperreal Values 79
3 8 Hyperreal Transitions from (/ , std) 80
3 9 Hyperreal Transitions from ((HALO 0 +), (inc negl)) 80
3 10 The Difference Between Peristence and Arrival Times 85
3 11 The Distance-Rate-Time Table 87
3 12 Behavior of a Standard Heat Exchanger 99
3 13 Behavior of an Infinite Flow Rate Heat Exchanger 100
3 14 Temporal Addition 101
4 1 Exaggeration Approximates a Curve with a Line through
an Asymptote 111
4 2 Nonmonotonic Systems can Fool Exaggeration 113
4 3 Equilibrium State for Pumped Containers 115
44A Sample Rule 118
xn
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Weld, Daniel S. |
| author_facet | Weld, Daniel S. |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Weld, Daniel S. |
| author_variant | d s w ds dsw |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV004165743 |
| callnumber-first | Q - Science |
| callnumber-label | Q335 |
| callnumber-raw | Q335 |
| callnumber-search | Q335 |
| callnumber-sort | Q 3335 |
| callnumber-subject | Q - General Science |
| classification_rvk | ST 285 |
| classification_tum | DAT 708f DAT 716f |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)21078375 (DE-599)BVBBV004165743 |
| dewey-full | 006.3 |
| dewey-hundreds | 000 - Computer science, information, general works |
| dewey-ones | 006 - Special computer methods |
| dewey-raw | 006.3 |
| dewey-search | 006.3 |
| dewey-sort | 16.3 |
| dewey-tens | 000 - Computer science, information, general works |
| discipline | Informatik |
| format | Book |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01911nam a2200517 c 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV004165743</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20030716 </controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">901206s1990 |||| 00||| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">0262231522</subfield><subfield code="9">0-262-23152-2</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)21078375</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV004165743</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-91G</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-473</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-739</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-355</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Q335</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">006.3</subfield><subfield code="2">20</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ST 285</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)143648:</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DAT 708f</subfield><subfield code="2">stub</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DAT 716f</subfield><subfield code="2">stub</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Weld, Daniel S.</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Theories of comparative analysis</subfield><subfield code="c">Daniel S. Weld</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Cambridge, Mass. u.a.</subfield><subfield code="b">MIT Pr.</subfield><subfield code="c">1990</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">XII, 184 S.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Intelligence artificielle</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Raisonnement</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Künstliche Intelligenz</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Artificial intelligence</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Reasoning</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Physikalisches System</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4174610-7</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Künstliche Intelligenz</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4033447-8</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Qualitative Methode</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4137346-7</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Analyse</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4122795-5</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Qualitative Methode</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4137346-7</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Künstliche Intelligenz</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4033447-8</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Physikalisches System</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4174610-7</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Analyse</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4122795-5</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Künstliche Intelligenz</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4033447-8</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">HEBIS Datenaustausch</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002597682&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-002597682</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| id | DE-604.BV004165743 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T16:09:19Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0262231522 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-002597682 |
| oclc_num | 21078375 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-91G DE-BY-TUM DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-739 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-91G DE-BY-TUM DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-739 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
| physical | XII, 184 S. |
| publishDate | 1990 |
| publishDateSearch | 1990 |
| publishDateSort | 1990 |
| publisher | MIT Pr. |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Weld, Daniel S. Verfasser aut Theories of comparative analysis Daniel S. Weld Cambridge, Mass. u.a. MIT Pr. 1990 XII, 184 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Intelligence artificielle Raisonnement Künstliche Intelligenz Artificial intelligence Reasoning Physikalisches System (DE-588)4174610-7 gnd rswk-swf Künstliche Intelligenz (DE-588)4033447-8 gnd rswk-swf Qualitative Methode (DE-588)4137346-7 gnd rswk-swf Analyse (DE-588)4122795-5 gnd rswk-swf Qualitative Methode (DE-588)4137346-7 s Künstliche Intelligenz (DE-588)4033447-8 s DE-604 Physikalisches System (DE-588)4174610-7 s Analyse (DE-588)4122795-5 s HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002597682&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Weld, Daniel S. Theories of comparative analysis Intelligence artificielle Raisonnement Künstliche Intelligenz Artificial intelligence Reasoning Physikalisches System (DE-588)4174610-7 gnd Künstliche Intelligenz (DE-588)4033447-8 gnd Qualitative Methode (DE-588)4137346-7 gnd Analyse (DE-588)4122795-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4174610-7 (DE-588)4033447-8 (DE-588)4137346-7 (DE-588)4122795-5 |
| title | Theories of comparative analysis |
| title_auth | Theories of comparative analysis |
| title_exact_search | Theories of comparative analysis |
| title_full | Theories of comparative analysis Daniel S. Weld |
| title_fullStr | Theories of comparative analysis Daniel S. Weld |
| title_full_unstemmed | Theories of comparative analysis Daniel S. Weld |
| title_short | Theories of comparative analysis |
| title_sort | theories of comparative analysis |
| topic | Intelligence artificielle Raisonnement Künstliche Intelligenz Artificial intelligence Reasoning Physikalisches System (DE-588)4174610-7 gnd Künstliche Intelligenz (DE-588)4033447-8 gnd Qualitative Methode (DE-588)4137346-7 gnd Analyse (DE-588)4122795-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Intelligence artificielle Raisonnement Künstliche Intelligenz Artificial intelligence Reasoning Physikalisches System Qualitative Methode Analyse |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002597682&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT welddaniels theoriesofcomparativeanalysis |