Rock and soil mechanics:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English Polish |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Amsterdam u.a.
Elsevier u.a.
1989
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Developments in geotechnical engineering
48 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Literaturangaben |
| Beschreibung: | XVII, 719 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0444989501 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Rock and soil mechanics |c by Wlodzimierz Derski ... |
| 264 | 1 | |a Amsterdam u.a. |b Elsevier u.a. |c 1989 | |
| 300 | |a XVII, 719 S. |b graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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| 490 | 1 | |a Developments in geotechnical engineering |v 48 | |
| 500 | |a Literaturangaben | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Rocks & soils - Mechanics | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Roches, Mécanique des |2 ram | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Sols, Mécanique des |2 ram | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Rock mechanics | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Soil mechanics | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Derski, Włodzimierz |e Sonstige |4 oth | |
| 830 | 0 | |a Developments in geotechnical engineering |v 48 |w (DE-604)BV001890103 |9 48 | |
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| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-002364704 | ||
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804118059832573952 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | DEVELOPMENTS IN GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING VOL 48
ROCK AND SOIL
MECHANICS
by
WLODZIMIERZ DERSKI, RYSZARD IZBICKI, IGOR KISIEL, ZENON MR6Z
Institute of Fundamental Technological Research
Polish Academy of Sciences
Warsaw, Poland
Institute of Ceotechnics
Technical University
Wroclaw, Poland
ELSEVIER
Amsterdam — Oxford — New York — Tokyo
PWN — POLISH SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS
Warsaw
Contents
PREFACE, V
LIST OF FREQUENTLY USED SYMBOLS, VIII
CHAPTER 1 DEFINITION AND SUBJECT OF THE DISCIPLINE (/ Kisiel), 1
1 1 Nature of the discipline and interdisciplinary connections, 1
111 Introduction, 1
112 Problems of rock and soil mechanics, 2
113 Methods used in rock and soil mechanics, 2
1 2 Discontinuity and granularity, 3
121 General concepts, 3
122 Element size and shape, 3
123 Specific surface, 4
124 Content of the material in an element of the medium, 5
1 3 Multicomponent structure, 6
131 Skeleton, pores, and filler, 6
132 Porosity, 6
133 Porosity of rocks, 7
134 Water and gas contents, 8
References, 9
CHAPTER 2 MECHANICAL MODELS OF ROCKS AND SOILS (/ Kisiel), 1(
2 1 Description of the models, 10
2 2 The concepts of rheology of a continuum, 11
221 Space, time, configuration, 11
222 Deformation of a continuous body, 12
223 Infinitesimal strains, 13
224 Mass and its conservation, 14
225 The state of stress Equations of motion, IS
226 Constitutive equations, 17
2 3 The model of an elastic body, 17
231 The isotropic linearly elastic body, 17
232 The anisotropic elastic body, 19
CONTENTS XI
233 Transformation of the coordinate system, 22
2 4 Linear rheological models, 23
241 Symbols and fundamental concepts, 23
242 Rules of joining the elements, 23
243 Viscoelastic two-parameter models, 26
244 Boltzmann s heredity principle, 29
2 5 Piecewise linear models, 30
251 Two-parameter and three-parameter models, 30
252 The model of the M/V and the standard body, 33
253 The critical time of the M/V model, 36
254 Flow regions in the M/V body, 37
2 6 Terzaghi s hydrodynamic model, 39
261 Introductory remarks, 39
262 Consolidation and compressibility of soils, 40
263 Water movement in soil Darcy s law, 43
264 Neutral and effective pressure, 46
265 Terzaghi s theory of consolidation, 47
266 The effect of confined gas, 49
2 7 Discrete models for rocks and soils, 52
271 Introduction, 52
272 Theoretical foundations, 54
273 Distribution of vertical loads, 56
274 The equations of equilibrium, 59
2 8 Shear resistance of soils, 61
281 Internal friction and cohesion, 61
282 Limit shear resistance, 63
283 Relation between porosity and shear resistance, 69
References, 73
CHAPTER 3 PROPERTIES OF ROCKS AND SOILS (/ Kisiel), 75
3 1 Physical properties of rocks, 75
311 Mineral composition, 75
312 Microstructure of rocks, 76
313 Thermal properties of rocks, 80
314 Properties of rock strata, 83
3 2 Physical properties of soils, 84
321 Non-cohesive and cohesive soils, 84
322 The effect of the liquid component, 86
323 Surface tension, 86
324 Adsorbed water, 88
325 Unit weight and specific gravity, 89
3 3 Rheological properties of rocks, 90
XII CONTENTS
331 Rheological properties of rock strata, 90
332 Test methods for rocks, 90
333 Specimen size and mechanical features, 94
334 Contact friction in rocks and rock strata, 98
335 Rheological relations, 104
336 Plasticity and strength, 120
337 Physical properties and rheological parameters, 124
338 Water action in a rock stratum, 128
339 Permeability of rock strata, 131
3 4 Rheological parameters of soils, 132
341 Introduction, 132
342 Test methods, 133
343 Oedometer test, 136
344 Methods of investigating shear resistance, 141
345 Rheological phenomena in soils, 146
3 5 The properties of frozen soils, 159
351 Physical phenomena in frozen soils, 159
352 Rheological properties of frozen soils, 163
References, 171
CHAPTER 4 VISCOELASTICITY IN SOIL AND ROCK MECHANICS
(/ Kisiel), 174
4 1 Distribution of stresses in a substratum, 174
411 Introduction, 174
412 Loading of an isotropic elastic substratum, 175
413 Loads over an inhomogeneous and anisotropic substratum, 189
414 An elastic layer, 192
415 The problem of a heavy slope, 195
4 2 Deformations of the substratum and slopes, 197
421 Introduction, 197
422 Rheological parameters of soils, 200
423 Settlement calculation for buildings, 202
424 Rheological deformations of slopes, 206
4 3 The in situ state of a rock mass, 208
431 In situ stresses, 208
432 Tectonic stresses, 210
433 Formation of folds, 212
434 Local movements Faults, 217
435 Effects associated with stress release, 225
4 4 Excavations in a rock stratum, 227
441 Introduction, 227
CONTENTS
442 Pressure on the excavation support, 228
443 Drift within a stratum, 231
444A vertical shaft, 242
445 An excavation in a layered stratum, 250
446 Roofs of extended excavations, 254
4 5 Problems associated with drilling, 256
451 Introduction, 256
452 Stress concentrations at the borehole bottom, 257
453 Conditions during drilling, 259
4 6 Discrete models of rock strata, 260
461 Introduction, 260
462 The geometry of a blocky stratum, 263
463 Distribution of a concentrated load, 265
References, 269
CHAPTER 5 GROUNDWATER FLOW (/ Kisiel), 272
5 1 Equations of ground water movement, 272
511 Introductory remarks, 272
512 Displacements, stresses, and boundary conditions, 274
513 Equation of continuity and equation of motion, 275
514 Potential function and stream function, 278
5 2 Two-dimensional groundwater flow problem, 280
521 The essence of the two-dimensional problem, 280
522 Confined flow of water, 281
523 Unconfined flow of water, 282
5 3 Some practical problems, 283
531 The stream lines and flow nets, 283
532 Seepage forces in a soil, 286
533 Seepage under an impervious dam, 290
5 4 Seepage in scarps and slopes, 293
541 Seepage through a dam, 293
542 Additional loading of the slope, 296
5 5 Drainage of the ground and excavations, 298
551 Introduction, 298
552 Water pumping from a confined aquiferous layer, 299
553 Pumping water out of an unconfined aquifer, 305
554 Weber s solution, 307
555 Calculation of the constant m in Weber s formula, 310
556 The limit discharge of a well, 312
557 The partially penetrating well, 316
558 Supplementary remarks, 318
XIV CONTENTS
5 6 Water flow in rock strata, 319
561 Introduction, 319
562 Formulation of the problem of water flow in rocks, 320
References, 322
CHAPTER 6 THEORY OF CONSOLIDATION (W Derski), 324
6 1 Historical remarks, 324
6 2 Quasi-stationary problems, 331
621 Porosity, 331
622 Kinematics of the medium, 333
623 Forces, 334
624 Equations of internal equilibrium and the equation of liquid mo-
tion, 336
625 Constitutive relations, 337
626 Collective equations of the theory of consolidation and their solution
by the displacement function, 338
627 One-dimensional problem, 341
628 Plane problem of the theory of consolidation for a half-infinite
disk, 348
629 Axi-symmetric problem for a half-space loaded on the surface with
a concentrated force, 356
6 2 10 Reciprocal theorem for displacements, 362
6 2 11 Singular solutions, 365
6 2 12 Action of a forced source of liquid, 368
6 2 13 Survey of solutions of quasi-stationary problems, 370
6 3 Dynamic problems of the theory of consolidation, 371
631 Biot s equations of motion, 372
632 Equations of mass balance, 374
633 Principle of conservation of momentum and equations of motion, 376
634 Kinematic components and physical components of a medium, 379
635 Kinetic energy Lagrange equations Equations of motion, 381
636 Purely elastic waves, 385
637 Attenuated waves, 388
638 Review of published solutions of dynamic problems, 392
6 4 Thermoconsolidation, 398
641 Previous thermoconsolidation models, 399
642 First law of thermodynamics, 400
643 Second law of thermodynamics, 402
644 State functions and constitutive relations for the case of temperature
equality in the liquid and the skeleton, 405
645 System of equations of thermoconsolidation under the assumption
of equal temperature for the skeleton and liquid, 407
1 CONTENTS XV
|646 State functions in the case of the temperature difference between the
components of the medium, 409
if References, 412
[ CHAPTER 7 PLAST IQTY AND LIMIT STATES (R J Izbicki, Z Mr6z), A7i
71 Constitutive relations for elastic-plastic models of rocks and soils, 423
711 Introduction, 423
fr 712 The model of an elastic-perfectly plastic material, 425
%713 Soil as an elastic-plastic hardening (softening) material , 435
|; 714 Process of failure in rocks represented by the elastic-plastic model , 448
7 2 Th amp; limit state conditions, 453
721 General form of the limit state condition, 453
722 Mohr s condition, 456
723 Coulomb s condition, 461
724 Modified Coulomb s condition, 463
725 Other limit state conditions, 464
726 The limit state conditions for anisotropic materials, 466
7 3 Limit analysis, 470
731 Basic concepts — The limit state, 470
732 Exact and approximated solutions of the bearing capacity problem, 472
733 Limit theorems, 475
734 Stress and velocity discontinuity lines, 480
735 The dissipation functions for the Coulomb condit ions, 484
7 4 Examples of application of approximate methods, 487
741 Application of the limit equilibrium methods, 487
742 Application of the limit analysis methods, 524
7 5 The method of characteristics, 558
751 Introduction, 558
752 Plane plastic deformation, 561
753 Solutions for special cases of plane deformation, 584
754 Plane plastic deformation of an anisotropic body, 613
755 Axially-symmetric plastic deformation, 614
756 Solutions for special cases of axially-symmetric deformation, 624
References, 630
CHAPTER 8 MECHANICS OFTHE CLAY FRACT ION (/ Kisiel), 639
8 1 Data and assumptions, 639
811 Introduction, 639
812 Shape and size of clay particles, 639
813 Number and nature of interparticle contacts, 640
XVI CONTENTS
8 2 Physical fundamentals, 641
821 Basic concepts, 641
822 On the theory of rate processes, 643
8 3 Clay particles and groundwater, 647
831 Description of clay particles, 647
832 Water in clays, 648
833 Clay-water interaction, 648
834 Viscosity of absorbed water, 650
835 The effect of ions contained in groundwater, 652
836 Thixotropy, 652
8 4 The primary structure of the clay-water fluid, 653
841 Kinds of structure of a clay-water fluid, 653
842 Orientation degree, 655
843 Number of M-M contacts, 656
844 The direction of particle orientation, 658
845 Clay structure, 659
8 5 Movements of a structure element, 661
851 Specification of a structure element, 661
852 Shape changes of a structure element, 663
853 Immediate deformation, 663
854 Energy distribution in the vicinity of a clay particle, 664
855 Assumption on the dimensions of clay particles, 666
8 6 Action of isotropic pressure (consolidation), 667
861 Introduction, 667
862 Isotropic pressure, 667
863 Spontaneous breaking of M-M contacts, 669
864 Process of isotropic consolidation, 670
865 Instantaneous deformation during consolidation, 671
8 7 Action of the stress deviator, 672
871 Introduction, 672
872 Uniaxial instantaneous strain, 673
873 Friction in M-M contacts, 674
874 Flow of the W-M contacts, 675
875 Rheological relationships, 676
8 8 Rheological models of primary clay, 677
881 Introduction, 677
882 Previous experimental results, 677
883 Reversible strain, 679
884 Transient creep, 679
885 Accelerating creep, 680
8 9 Structural changes of a clay-water fluid, 680
891 Introduction, 680
CONTENTS XVII
892 The degree of orientation and the number of active particles, 681
893 Degree of orientation and rheological parameters, 682
894 Degree of orientation in respect to time, 683
895 Form of the function gr(t), 683
8 10 The oriented clay-water fluid, 684
8 10 1 Introduction, 684
8 10 2 Determination of the preconsolidating stress, 685
8 10 3 Reloading of an oriented clay, 686
8 10 4 The effect of changes in water content, 686
8 11 Clayey soils, 687
8 11 1 Introduction, 687
8 11 2 Cohesive soils Consistency, 688
8 11 3 Structure of clayey soils, 690
8 11 4 Creep process according to Ter-Stepanian, 692
8 11 5 Creep curve for clayey soils, 694
8 12 Creep in clayey soils, 696
8 12 1 Introduction, 696
8 12 2 Experimental determination of the parameters of the M/V model, 698
8 12 3 Variability of rheological parameters, 703
8 12 4 Final remarks, 706
References, 707
INDEX, 711
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| isbn | 0444989501 |
| language | English Polish |
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| publishDate | 1989 |
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| series | Developments in geotechnical engineering |
| series2 | Developments in geotechnical engineering |
| spelling | Mechanika skal i gruntow Rock and soil mechanics by Wlodzimierz Derski ... Amsterdam u.a. Elsevier u.a. 1989 XVII, 719 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Developments in geotechnical engineering 48 Literaturangaben Rocks & soils - Mechanics Roches, Mécanique des ram Sols, Mécanique des ram Rock mechanics Soil mechanics Derski, Włodzimierz Sonstige oth Developments in geotechnical engineering 48 (DE-604)BV001890103 48 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002364704&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Rock and soil mechanics Developments in geotechnical engineering Rocks & soils - Mechanics Roches, Mécanique des ram Sols, Mécanique des ram Rock mechanics Soil mechanics |
| title | Rock and soil mechanics |
| title_alt | Mechanika skal i gruntow |
| title_auth | Rock and soil mechanics |
| title_exact_search | Rock and soil mechanics |
| title_full | Rock and soil mechanics by Wlodzimierz Derski ... |
| title_fullStr | Rock and soil mechanics by Wlodzimierz Derski ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rock and soil mechanics by Wlodzimierz Derski ... |
| title_short | Rock and soil mechanics |
| title_sort | rock and soil mechanics |
| topic | Rocks & soils - Mechanics Roches, Mécanique des ram Sols, Mécanique des ram Rock mechanics Soil mechanics |
| topic_facet | Rocks & soils - Mechanics Roches, Mécanique des Sols, Mécanique des Rock mechanics Soil mechanics |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002364704&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV001890103 |
| work_keys_str_mv | UT mechanikaskaligruntow AT derskiwłodzimierz rockandsoilmechanics |