Environmental science:
Saved in:
| Format: | Book |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Philadelphia
Saunders
1978
|
| Edition: | 2. ed. |
| Series: | Saunders golden sunburst series in envionmental studies
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XIII, 597 S. zahlr. Ill. (z. T. farb.) |
| ISBN: | 0721689272 |
Staff View
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Environmental science |c Mitarb.: Amos Turk* |
| 250 | |a 2. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Philadelphia |b Saunders |c 1978 | |
| 300 | |a XIII, 597 S. |b zahlr. Ill. (z. T. farb.) | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 0 | |a Saunders golden sunburst series in envionmental studies | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Environnement - Protection | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Pollution | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Écologie | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Umweltschutz | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Ökologie | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Ecology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Environmental protection | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Environmental sciences | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Pollution | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Turk, Amos |e Sonstige |4 oth | |
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| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-002286703 | ||
Record in the Search Index
| _version_ | 1804117941340340224 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: Environmental science
Autor: Turk, Amos
Jahr: 1978
CONTENTS
Unit 1 Introduction—The Social
Background
1
THE ENVIRONMENT-ECONOMICS,
POLICY, AND THE LAW.................................... 3
1.1 The Nature of Environmental
Degradation..................................... 3
1.2 The Economic Costs of Environmental
Pollution.......................................... 7
1.3 The Economic Impact of Pollution
Control............................................ 9
1.4 Pollution Control: Altruism, Legisla-
tion, and Enforcement........................ 12
1.5 Incentives for Pollution Control.............. 15
1.6 Ultimate Prospects for Environ-
mental Improvement.......................... 17
2
THE AUTOMOBILE: A CASE HISTORY IN
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE............................. 21
2.1 The Automobile and the Environment..... 21
2.2 The Automobile Cycle.......................... 24
2.3 Preventing Pollution from Automobiles:
Two Approaches............................... 24
2.4 Other Engines, Other Fuels................... 28
Unit 2 The Biological Background
3
THE ECOLOGY OF NATURAL SYSTEMS.......... 35
3.1 Introduction........................................ 35
3.2 Energy ............................................... 37
3.3 Relationships within an Ecosystem.......... 39
3.4 Nutrient Cycles................................... 44
3.5 Major Ecosystems of the Earth............... 53
3.6 Ecosystems and Natural Balance............ 61
3.7 Case History: Westhampton Beach —
A Coastal Ecosystem......................... 63
4
NATURAL GROWTH AND REGULATION
OF POPULATIONS.............................................. 70
4.1 Population Growth and Carrying
Capacity.......................................... 70
4.2 Environmental Resistance...................... 76
4.3 The Ecological Niche............................ 78
4.4 Interactions Among Species................... 79
4.5 Community Interactions........................ 88
4.6 Global Interactions Among Ecosystems... 91
4.7 Natural Succession............................... 93
4.8 The Role of People............................... 98
4.9 Case History: The Pine Beetle
Epidemic on the Eastern Slope of
the Colorado Rockies......................... 100
5
THE EXTINCTION OF SPECIES......................... 106
5.1 What Is a Species?................................ 106
5.2 Evolution of Species............................. 107
5.3 The Extinction of Species...................... 110
5.4 Factors Leading to the Destruction
of Species in Modern Times................ 113
5.5 Current Trends in Species Extinction...... 121
5.6 How Species Become Extinct—The
Critical Level................................... 123
5.7 The Nature of the Loss......................... 125
5.8 Case History: The Blue Whale............... 128
Unit 3 Human Population
6
THE GROWTH AND CONTROL OF
HUMAN POPULATIONS..................................... 135
6.1 Introduction........................................ 135
6.2 Extrapolation of Population Growth
Curves............................................ 139
6.3 An Introduction to Demography............. 141
6.4 Measurements of Growth...................... 143
6.5 Summary Measures of Mortality and
Natality: Expectation of Life and
Total Fertility Rate............................ 149
6.6 Accuracy of the Data............................ 151
6.7 The Demographic Transition.................. 153
6.8 Laws and Public Policy Concerning
Population Growth............................ 155
6.9 Techniques of Population Control........... 157
6.10 Case History: Taiwan........................... 160
7
THE SOCIOLOGY OF HUMAN
POPULATIONS.................................................... 166
7.1 Scope of the Problem............................ 166
7.2 Population Change at the Family Level ... 168
7.3 Land Use, Urbanization and
Realization...................................... 173
7.4 Consequences of Population Density....... 181
7.5 Effects of Population Change in the
Developing Countries........................ 184
7.6 Demographic Trends in the United
States.............................................. 186
7.7 Current Worldwide Population Trends..... 189
7.8 Case History: Pakistan.......................... 191
Unit 4 Resources and Energy
8
OUR GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT................. 199
8.1 The Formation of Mineral and Fuel
Deposits.......................................... 199
8.2 Materials and Energy............................ 204
8.3 The First Law of Thermodynamics
(Or You Can t Win )....................... 205
8.4 Heat Engines and the Second Law of
Thermodynamics (Or You Can t
Break Even )................................... 206
8.5 Our Fossil Fuel Supply......................... 209
8.6 Nuclear Fuels...................................... 215
8.7 Renewable Energy Sources.................... 217
8.8 Ores and Fertilizers.............................. 217
8.9 Case History: The Alaska Pipeline.......... 224
9
ENERGY: CONSUMPTION AND
POLLUTION ........................................................ 233
9.1 Energy............................................... 233
9.2 Environmental Problems Caused by
Mining and Drilling for Fuel............... 234
9.3 Energy Consumption and Pollution
— An Overview................................. 238
9.4 Use of Solar Energy............................. 239
9.5 Other Renewable Energy Sources........... 244
9.6 Energy Consumption and Conservation
for Transportation............................. 247
9.7 Energy Consumption and Conservation
for Industry...................................... 251
9.8 Energy Consumption and Conservation
for Household and Commercial Use..... 252
9.9 Electricity........................................... 256
9.10 Thermal Pollution................................. 259
9.11 Case History: How to Conserve
Energy in Home Heating.................... 266
10
NUCLEAR ENERGY AND THE
ENVIRONMENT.................................................. 273
10.1 The Nuclear Controversy...................... 273
10.2 Atoms................................................ 274
10.3 Radioactivity....................................... 275
10.4 Biological Effects of Radiation................ 277
10.5 Nuclear Chain Reactions....................... 285
10.6 Nuclear Fission Reactors...................... 287
10.7 The Nuclear Fuel Cycles....................... 293
10.8 The Practice of Safety in Nuclear
Plants.............................................. 295
10.9 Environmental Hazards from Fission
Reactors.......................................... 298
10.10 Nuclear Fusion.................................... 305
10.11 The Nuclear Controversy and the
Oklo Phenomenon............................. 308
10.12 Case History: The Incident at
Browns Ferry................................... 309
Unit 5 Rural Land Use
11
AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS................................ 319
11.1 Introduction........................................ 319
11.2 Agricultural Disruptions........................ 320
11.3 The Flow of Energy in Industrial
Agriculture....................................... 3 24
11.4 Chemical Fertilization........................... 330
11.5 Mechanization of Agriculture................. 335
11.6 Irrigation............................................ 336
11.7 Agriculture and Rural Land Use............. 337
11.8 World Food Supply.............................. 339
11.9 Increases in Crop Yields and the
Green Revolution.............................. 343
11.10 Other Approaches to Increasing Food
Production....................................... 347
11.11 Four Comparative Case Histories:
Family Farming in India. Japan,
China, and the United States............... 351
12
CONTROL OF PESTS AND WEEDS.................... 357
12.1 Competition for Human Food................ 357
12.2 Insecticides —Introduction and
General Survey................................. 358
12.3 The Action of Chemical Pesticides—
Broad-Spectrum Poisoning..................360
12.4 The Action of Chemical Pesticides-
Persistence in the Environment............ 364
12.5 Physical Dispersal of Insecticides...........364
12.6 Biological Concentration of Organo-
chloride Insecticides—Effects on
Non-Target Species...........................366
12.7 Effects of Insecticides on Human
Health............................................. 370
12.8 Pesticide Legislation.............................372
12.9 Other Methods of Pest Control...............374
12.10 Herbicides.......................................... 383
12.11 Economic Factors in Pest Control...........385
12.12 Other Chemical Pollutants: PCB s..........386
12.13 Case History: The Boll Weevil...............387
Unit 6 Pollution
13
AIR POLLUTION................................................. 395
13.1 Sensations........................................... 395
13.2 Gases and Smokes............................... 396
13.3 The Atmosphere.................................. 398
13.4 Sources of Air Pollutants.......................402
13.5 The Meteorology of Air Pollution...........405
13.6 The Effects of Air Pollution -
Introduction.....................................409
13.7 Effects of Air Pollution on the
Atmosphere and on Climate................410
13.8 Effects of Air Pollution on Human
Health.............................................416
13.9 Damage to Vegetation...........................420
13.10 Injury to Animals.................................421
13.11 Deterioration of Materials......................421
13.12 Aesthetic Insults..................................421
13.13 Air Pollution Standards and Indices........423
13.14 Control of Air Pollution Emissions..........426
13.15 Legislation, Public Policy, and
Strategies in Air Pollution Control.......429
13.16 Case History: The Donora Smog
Episode...........................................434
14
WATER POLLUTION...........................................444
14.1 The Nature of Water Pollution...............444
14.2 Water.................................................446
14.3 The Hydrological Cycle (Water
Cycle).............................................446
14.4 Types of Impurities in Water..................448
14.5 Nutrients, Microorganisms, and
Oxygen............................................450
14.6 The Pollution of Inland Waters by
Nutrients.........................................455
14.7 Algae and Detergents-And How to
Wash Your Clothes...........................458
14.8 Industrial Wastes in Water.....................462
14.9 The Pollution of the Oceans...................464
14.10 The Effects of Water Pollution on
Human Health..................................471
14.11 Water Purification................................473
14.12 Economics, Social Choices, and
Strategy in Water Pollution Control......483
14.13 Case History: Mercury.........................485
15
SOLID WASTES...................................................493
15.1 Solid Waste Cycles...............................493
15.2 Sources and Quantities..........................494
15.3 The Nature of the Solid Waste Problem... 496
15.4 Land and Ocean Disposal......................498
15.5 Energy from Refuse..............................501
15.6 Recycling —An Introduction................... 502
15.7 Recycling —Techniques and Technology... 504
15.8 The Future of Recycling........................ 513
15.9 Case History I: Recycling of
Beverage Containers........................... 516
15.10 Case History II: Junk Automobiles.........518
16
NOISE.................................................................. 524
16.1 Hearing.............................................. 524
16.2 Sound and Noise.................................. 526
16.3 Loudness and the Decibel Scale............. 530
16.4 Tone and the Decibel Scale................... 535
16.5 The Effects of Noise............................. 538
16.6 Noise Control...................................... 542
16.7 Legislation and Public Policy Con-
cerning Noise Control........................ 547
16.8 Case History: Supersonic Transport
(SST).............................................. 550
EPILOGUE-ADAPTATION TO
ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE............................. 559
APPENDIX
A The Metric System (International
System of Units).................................... 573
B Chemical Symbols. Formulas, and
Equations.............................................. 575
C Supplements to Chapters............................ 576
D Table of Relative Atomic Weights................ 583
GLOSSARY.......................................................... 585
INDEX................................................................. 593
|
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| discipline | Biologie Soziologie |
| edition | 2. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV003591409 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T16:02:24Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0721689272 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-002286703 |
| oclc_num | 3396633 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-473 DE-BY-UBG |
| owner_facet | DE-473 DE-BY-UBG |
| physical | XIII, 597 S. zahlr. Ill. (z. T. farb.) |
| publishDate | 1978 |
| publishDateSearch | 1978 |
| publishDateSort | 1978 |
| publisher | Saunders |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Saunders golden sunburst series in envionmental studies |
| spelling | Environmental science Mitarb.: Amos Turk* 2. ed. Philadelphia Saunders 1978 XIII, 597 S. zahlr. Ill. (z. T. farb.) txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Saunders golden sunburst series in envionmental studies Environnement - Protection Pollution Écologie Umweltschutz Ökologie Ecology Environmental protection Environmental sciences Turk, Amos Sonstige oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002286703&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Environmental science Environnement - Protection Pollution Écologie Umweltschutz Ökologie Ecology Environmental protection Environmental sciences |
| title | Environmental science |
| title_auth | Environmental science |
| title_exact_search | Environmental science |
| title_full | Environmental science Mitarb.: Amos Turk* |
| title_fullStr | Environmental science Mitarb.: Amos Turk* |
| title_full_unstemmed | Environmental science Mitarb.: Amos Turk* |
| title_short | Environmental science |
| title_sort | environmental science |
| topic | Environnement - Protection Pollution Écologie Umweltschutz Ökologie Ecology Environmental protection Environmental sciences |
| topic_facet | Environnement - Protection Pollution Écologie Umweltschutz Ökologie Ecology Environmental protection Environmental sciences |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002286703&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT turkamos environmentalscience |