The politics of language in socialist Albania:
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
New York
Columbia Univ. Pr.
1989
|
| Series: | East European monographs
271 |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XVI, 283 S. |
Staff View
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text |
THE POLITICS OF LANGUAGE
IN SOCIALIST ALBANIA
ARSHI PIPA
EAST EUROPEAN MONOGRAPHS, BOULDER
DISTRIBUTED BY COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, NEW YORK
CONTENTS
Preface ix
Prolegomena 1
Gheg and Tosk Literary Traditions 1
The Unification of the Script: the 1908 Monastir Congress 2
Guidelines for the Rapprochement of the Two Dialects:
The Shkoder Literary Committee 2
The 'Unified Literary Albanian' [ULA] Language 4
Kostallari's Directive Role in the ULA Process 5
Statement of Purpose 6
I Structural Differences Between Gheg [G] and Tosk [T] 8
Prosody 8
Phonology: Vowels 9
Phonology: Consonants 13
Morphology 14
Syntax 17
Gheg and Tosk Orthographic Systems Konitza's Contribution 19
II The Gheg Ingredient in ULA's Grammar 21
Description of the Gheg Elements 21
Prosthetic-Cosmetic Function of the Gheg Elements 23
Statistical Count 25
ULA, a Tosk 'Unified' Variant 28
Two Dialects, or Two Languages? 30
Kostallarian Dialectics 33
What Any Anthropology Student Knows 34
v
vi THE POLITICS OF LANGUAGE
III ULA's 'Cleansing' of the Gheg Lexicon 36
The 'Ideo-Scientific' Inspiration 36
Class vs Nation 38
'Cleansing' ULA of Class Enemy Language: the Case of Fishta 40
Other Cases of 'Cleansing' 44
The Nationalistic Bias: Nonacknowledgement of Loans 47
The Dialectal Bias: Nonidentiflcation of Gheg Words
Comparison with the Kristoforidhi Dictionary 49
The Cipo Dictionary: a Muffled Attempt
at Tosk-Gheg Parallelism 52
Gheg Richer Than Tosk in Cipo's Tosk-Based Dictionary 55
IV ULA's 'Enrichment' of Its Vocabulary and Phraseology Through
Assimilation of Gheg Vocabulary and Phraseology 58
Comparison of Three Quasi-Homographs in Four Dictionaries 58
Albanian vs International Entries in the ULA Dictionary 60
Ostentatiousness of -ues and -ueshem Gheg Forms 65
Cases of Confiscation of Gheg Vocabulary and Folklore 67
'Enriching' the ULA Dictionary with Gheg Words 70
Toskicizing the Gheg Lexicon 71
Gheg Phraseology Entirely Toskicized 74
V What Statistics Show 80
Gheg Richer Than Tosk in the ULA Tosk-Based Dictionary 80
The Internalbanian Nature of the Dictionary 83
Inflational Character of the Kostallarian
Supradialectal System 85
'Adding Flour and Water Makes a Larger Loaf 89
Gheg Vocabulary and Grammar Richer Than
Their Tosk Counterparts 91
The Case for the Gheg Infinitive 92
Domestic Linguistic Colonial Imperialism 93
ULA an Instrument of the Tosk Monopoly of Power 94
Cuius Regio Huius Idioma Tosk Crushing Hegemony
in the Party's Politburo 99
Contents vii
VI Gramsci on the Question of the 'Unitary' Language 103
The Questione delta lingua and Italian Writers in Dialect 103
Gramsci's 'National-Popular' Concept Applied to Language 104
Language = History, not Language = Arbitrium 107
Normative Grammar Must Be Both Historical and
Comparative (ULA Is Neither) 108
The Albanian Politics of Language in the Light of Gramsci's
Thesis That the Question of Language is Related to
Political Hegemony 111
A Unitary Language Will Obtain When There
Is a Necessity For It 114
Other Conditions for Governmental Intervention:
'Molecular Processes,' 'Tying in with Tradition,'
'Accelerating, Not Determining' (None Met by ULA) 117
ULA's Politics Diametrically Opposed to Gramsci's
Democratic Theory of 'Unitary Language' 118
VII ULA's Concoction 120
Marr and His School: Superstructural and Class
Character of Language 120
Stalin on National Languages 123
The Toskicization of Albanian Patterened After the
Russification of the National Languages in the USSR 125
The Aggression Against the Gheg Dialect: The Case of Jakova 126
Chronology of the ULA Process 128
Stalin's Indifference to the Class Character of Language
vs ULA's Marrist Class-Inspired Drive 134
Stalin's Amateurish and Non-Marxist Theory of Language 137
Kostallari Praising Stalin for His Rejection of Marr's Theory
of Revolutionary Language Change (What ULA Is) 143
ULA's Application of Stalin's Thesis of the 'Victorious
Language' to the Albanian Situation 146
Marr's Thesis of 'Ideological Morphology Preceding Formal
Morphology' a ULA Guideline 147
Marr's Concept of Dialect as a 'Relic' Language Operating
Silently in ULA's Conception 149
viii THE POLITICS OF LANGUAGE
Vni Theories on the Origin of the Albanian Language 152
Marr's Concept of Albanian as a Mixed Japhetic and
Indo-European Language 152
Albanian 'Bigenetic' Like Armenian? 154
Pelasgian Origin of Albanian (De Rada) 155
Illyrian Origin of Albanian (fabej) 156
Thracian Origin of Albanian (Weigand, Barid)
Rejected by fabej 158
Illyro-Thracian Origin of Albanian (Jokl) 160
Albanian a Centum or a Satem Language? 161
Archeological Finds Substantiating the Illyrian Origin
of Albanian for the Greco-Roman Period 162
ULA's Position on the Origin of Albanian 164
Definition of the Albanian Language Missing
from the ULA Dictionary 167
IX Definition of Balkan Languages in the ULA Dictionary 169
From Aromanian to Vlah 169
Criteria for Drawing a Table of Names of Ethnic Groups
and Their Languages in the Balkans 170
The Illyrian Language Missing from the 1984 Edition
of the ULA Dictionary 171
'Vlahs and Albanians Brothers'(Weigand) 175
Macedo-Rumanians and the Albanian-Macedonian Kinship 178
Byzantine Orthodoxy vs Roman Catholicism
The 'Christ-Language' 180
West Balkan Illyrism vs East Balkan Byzantinism 181
Definition of 'Lale': a Case of Interplay of Religion,
Cultural Geography, and Class 183
More Marrist Topoi 185
X Ghegs and Tosks 188
From 'Arben' to 'Shqiptar' 188
Catholics, Orthodox, Moslems 191
The Pagan Core 194
Religion vs Ethnos 195
The First Embryonic Albanian State 199
Contents ix
Cultural Differences Between Ghegs and Tosks 200
Rhotacism, the Main Dialectal Difference 202
XI Summary and Conclusions 205
Byzantine Roots 205
ULA, a Marrist Mixture Prepared According to a Stalin Recipe 207
Domestic Linguistic Colonial Imperialism 209
The ULA Revolution, Integral Part of the Albanian
Cultural Revolution 210
ULA Compared to Gramsci's 'Unitary Language' 213
ULA's 'Inspirer and Contriver' 216
The Albanian Language Situation Compared to the Language
Situation in Balkan and Scandinavian Countries 219
The Tosk/Gheg Membership Ratio in the Politburo 223
Possible Consequences 224
Notes 229
Works Cited 258
Index 270 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Pipa, Arshi 1920-1997 |
| author_GND | (DE-588)109328051 |
| author_facet | Pipa, Arshi 1920-1997 |
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| callnumber-first | P - Language and Literature |
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| callnumber-subject | PG - Slavic, Baltic, Abanian Languages |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)20815363 (DE-599)BVBBV003488551 |
| era | Geschichte 1945-1989 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1945-1989 |
| format | Book |
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| geographic_facet | Albanien |
| id | DE-604.BV003488551 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-08-10T00:22:29Z |
| institution | BVB |
| language | English |
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| physical | XVI, 283 S. |
| publishDate | 1989 |
| publishDateSearch | 1989 |
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| publisher | Columbia Univ. Pr. |
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| series | East European monographs |
| series2 | East European monographs |
| spelling | Pipa, Arshi 1920-1997 Verfasser (DE-588)109328051 aut The politics of language in socialist Albania New York Columbia Univ. Pr. 1989 XVI, 283 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier East European monographs 271 Geschichte 1945-1989 gnd rswk-swf Politik Albanian language Political aspects Kommunismus (DE-588)4031892-8 gnd rswk-swf Toskisch (DE-588)7845514-5 gnd rswk-swf Albanisch (DE-588)4112482-0 gnd rswk-swf Sprachpurismus (DE-588)4132677-5 gnd rswk-swf Gegisch (DE-588)4019725-6 gnd rswk-swf Sprachpolitik (DE-588)4077732-7 gnd rswk-swf Diktatur (DE-588)4149920-7 gnd rswk-swf Sprachnorm (DE-588)4056483-6 gnd rswk-swf Albanien (DE-588)4001028-4 gnd rswk-swf Albanien (DE-588)4001028-4 g Kommunismus (DE-588)4031892-8 s Diktatur (DE-588)4149920-7 s Sprachpolitik (DE-588)4077732-7 s Sprachpurismus (DE-588)4132677-5 s Geschichte 1945-1989 z DE-604 Albanisch (DE-588)4112482-0 s Sprachnorm (DE-588)4056483-6 s Gegisch (DE-588)4019725-6 s Toskisch (DE-588)7845514-5 s East European monographs 271 (DE-604)BV000894244 271 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002210676&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Pipa, Arshi 1920-1997 The politics of language in socialist Albania East European monographs Politik Albanian language Political aspects Kommunismus (DE-588)4031892-8 gnd Toskisch (DE-588)7845514-5 gnd Albanisch (DE-588)4112482-0 gnd Sprachpurismus (DE-588)4132677-5 gnd Gegisch (DE-588)4019725-6 gnd Sprachpolitik (DE-588)4077732-7 gnd Diktatur (DE-588)4149920-7 gnd Sprachnorm (DE-588)4056483-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4031892-8 (DE-588)7845514-5 (DE-588)4112482-0 (DE-588)4132677-5 (DE-588)4019725-6 (DE-588)4077732-7 (DE-588)4149920-7 (DE-588)4056483-6 (DE-588)4001028-4 |
| title | The politics of language in socialist Albania |
| title_auth | The politics of language in socialist Albania |
| title_exact_search | The politics of language in socialist Albania |
| title_full | The politics of language in socialist Albania |
| title_fullStr | The politics of language in socialist Albania |
| title_full_unstemmed | The politics of language in socialist Albania |
| title_short | The politics of language in socialist Albania |
| title_sort | the politics of language in socialist albania |
| topic | Politik Albanian language Political aspects Kommunismus (DE-588)4031892-8 gnd Toskisch (DE-588)7845514-5 gnd Albanisch (DE-588)4112482-0 gnd Sprachpurismus (DE-588)4132677-5 gnd Gegisch (DE-588)4019725-6 gnd Sprachpolitik (DE-588)4077732-7 gnd Diktatur (DE-588)4149920-7 gnd Sprachnorm (DE-588)4056483-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Politik Albanian language Political aspects Kommunismus Toskisch Albanisch Sprachpurismus Gegisch Sprachpolitik Diktatur Sprachnorm Albanien |
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