Statistical methods for planners:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge, Mass.
MIT Pr.
1980
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XV, 304 S. graph.Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0262231018 |
Internformat
MARC
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Titel: Statistical methods for planners
Autor: Willemain, Thomas R
Jahr: 1980
Contents I 1 Preface xi Acknowledgments xvii USEFUL BACKGROUND Random Variables and Probability Distributions: Formalizing Uncertainty 3 Summary 11 References and Readings 11 Problems 12 Conditional Probability Distributions: Using Additional Information to Refine Predictions 15 Crosstabulation and Conditional Probabilities Bayes’ Rule for Conditional Probabilities 17 Independence 23 Continuous Random Variables 25 Summary 26 References and Readings 26 Problems 27 16 Descriptive Statistics: Portable Summaries of Probability Distributions 31 Levels of Measurement 31 Measures of Central Tendency Measures of Dispersion 38 Coefficient of Variation 42 Standardized Random Variables Summary 44 References and Readings 44 Problems 46 33 42
Contents vii Some Probability Distributions of Special Interest to Planners 49 The Hypergeometric Distribution 49 The Binomial Distribution 53 The Beta Distribution 57 The Poisson Distribution 59 The Gaussian Distribution 61 Summary 66 References and Readings 66 Problems 68 II MAKING ESTIMATES 5 Estimating the Composition of a Finite Population by Sampling 73 Drawing a Simple Random Sample from a Finite Population 73 Bayes’ Rule and the Prediction 75 The Likelihood Function 77 The Prior Probability 77 The Posterior Probability 79 Summary 86 References and Readings 87 Problems 88 6 Estimating a Probability 91 The Bayesian Estimate 92 The Likelihood Function 93 The Prior Distribution 94 The Posterior Distribution 95 Highest Density Regions 100 Summary 101 References and Readings 102 Problems 103
Contents viii Estimating a Mean 105 The Sample Mean as an Estimate of the Population Mean 105 An Approximation to the Likelihood Function for Large Samples 106 The Likelihood Function for Small Samples 110 Highest Density Regions for the Population Mean 112 Choosing the Sample Size 114 Sampling Experiments 115 Testing the Gaussian Assumption 120 Alternatives to the Sample Mean 121 Summary 123 References and Readings 124 Problems 125 III MAKING PREDICTIONS 8 Multivariate Analysis for Discrete Random Variables: Crosstabulations 129 Measures of Strength of Association 129 Proportional Reduction in Error 129 Proportional Reduction in Uncertainty 133 Assessing the Credibility of Apparent Associations in Samples 136 The Statistical Significance of an Association in a Sample 137 The Chi-Square Test for Lack of Independence 141 A Word about Sample Size and Statistical Significance 147 Making Predictions from Two or More Attributes 149 Using Associations to Search for Causality 154 Summary 159 References and Readings 160 Problems 162 9 Bivariate Regression Analysis: Conditional Prediction of a Continuous Variable from a Single Attribute 165 Regression as Curve Fitting 165 Measures of the Predictive Power of the Regression Line 166 Choosing the Best-Fitting Straight Line 170
Contents ix The Correlation Coefficient 171 Data Transformations 172 Highest Density Regions for Predictions 178 Crossvalidation 181 Summary 182 1 References and Readings 183 Problems 184 Multivariate Regression Analysis: Conditional Prediction of a Continuous Variable from Several Attributes 189 Multivariate Regression as the Sequential Analysis of Residuals 189 Dummy Variables 205 T ransformations 209 Testing Whether the Regression Equation Predicts Better than the Sample Mean 212 Checking the Assumptions for Inference in Regression Analysis 215 Regression and Causality 220 Multicollinearity 223 Errors in Measurement 226 Outliers 227 Summary 229 References and Readings 231 Problems 233 IV MAKING COMPARISONS 11 Experimentsand Quasi-Experiments 241 Internal Validity 241 External Validity 246 Structures for Comparisons 247 The Demonstration 249 The Before-and-After Design 250 The With-and-Without Design 251 The Nonequivalent Control Group Design (Jack Sprat) 251 Randomization and Matching 255 Monte Carlo Simulations 257
Contents x The Time-Series Design 263 Statistical Inference in the Analysis of Comparisons 264 The Mann-Whitney Test 265 Summary 276 References and Readings 277 Problems 279 Appendixes A Table of the Binomial Distribution 283 B Table of the Standard Gaussian Distribution 290 C Table of Percentiles of Student’s t Distribution 293 D Table of 95th percentiles of the F Distribution 294 Problem Sources 297 Index 301
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| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T15:59:09Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0262231018 |
| language | English |
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| physical | XV, 304 S. graph.Darst. |
| psigel | TUB-nveb |
| publishDate | 1980 |
| publishDateSearch | 1980 |
| publishDateSort | 1980 |
| publisher | MIT Pr. |
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| spelling | Willemain, Thomas R. Verfasser (DE-588)170844803 aut Statistical methods for planners Cambridge, Mass. MIT Pr. 1980 XV, 304 S. graph.Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Urbanisme - Méthodes statistiques Stadtplanung City planning Statistical methods Statistik (DE-588)4056995-0 gnd rswk-swf Stadtplanung (DE-588)4056754-0 gnd rswk-swf Stadtplanung (DE-588)4056754-0 s Statistik (DE-588)4056995-0 s DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002141548&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Willemain, Thomas R. Statistical methods for planners Urbanisme - Méthodes statistiques Stadtplanung City planning Statistical methods Statistik (DE-588)4056995-0 gnd Stadtplanung (DE-588)4056754-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4056995-0 (DE-588)4056754-0 |
| title | Statistical methods for planners |
| title_auth | Statistical methods for planners |
| title_exact_search | Statistical methods for planners |
| title_full | Statistical methods for planners |
| title_fullStr | Statistical methods for planners |
| title_full_unstemmed | Statistical methods for planners |
| title_short | Statistical methods for planners |
| title_sort | statistical methods for planners |
| topic | Urbanisme - Méthodes statistiques Stadtplanung City planning Statistical methods Statistik (DE-588)4056995-0 gnd Stadtplanung (DE-588)4056754-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Urbanisme - Méthodes statistiques Stadtplanung City planning Statistical methods Statistik |
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