The control of eutrophication of lakes and reservoirs:
Saved in:
| Format: | Book |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Paris
UNESCO u.a.
1989
|
| Series: | Man and the biosphere series
1 |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XII, 314 S. |
| ISBN: | 9231025503 1850702578 |
Staff View
MARC
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text | Titel: The control of eutrophication of lakes and reservoirs
Autor: Ryding, Sven-Olof
Jahr: 1989
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION 1
The aging process of lakes and reservoirs 1
The need for concern in regard to eutrophication 3
2. PURPOSE OF BOOK AND HOW IT CAN BEST BE USED 5
Intended audience for the book 6
Focus of the book 7
3. A MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK FOR THE
POLICYMAKER 11
The role of the policymaker 11
The policymaker and environmental issues 11
Development of a eutrophication management framework 12
Identify eutrophication problems and establish
management goals 14
Why is eutrophication a problem? 14
Establishment of eutrophication management goals 15
Who should be involved in addressing the problem? 16
Assess the extent of information available about the waterbody 18
Identify available options for management of eutrophication 19
Should one treat the causes or the symptoms? 19
Consider full range of available control options 20
Analyze all costs and expected benefits of alternative
management strategies 22
Consider relative costs of control options 22
Compare management goals, available resources and
expected benefits 23
Cost-benefit analysis 25
ix
Control of eutrophication
Analyze adequacy of existing legislative and regulatory
framework for implementing eutrophication control programmes 30
Institutional concerns 30
Regulatory concerns 31
Select eutrophication control strategy and disseminate
summary to affected parties prior to implementation 32
Select and summarize desired control strategy 32
Other practical considerations 33
Provide periodic progress reports on the control programme to the
public and other interested parties 34
The role of public awareness 34
The value of public feedback 35
4. CHARACTERISTICS OF EUTROPHICATION 37
The concept of eutrophication as related to trophic status 37
Symptoms of eutrophication 38
General observations 38
Differences between lakes and reservoirs 42
Differences between temperate and tropical lake systems 46
The limiting nutrient concept 49
Some assumptions in using the limiting nutrient concept 51
The use of nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations and
ratios to assess nutrient limitation 54
The use of algal bioassays to assess nutrient limitation 58
The use of physiological indicators to assess nutrient
limitation 60
5. FACTORS AND PROCESSES AFFECTING THE DEGREE
OF EUTROPHICATION 65
Factors related to the drainage basin 65
Natural factors 65
Anthropogenic factors 71
Factors related to the waterbody 74
Morphology of the lake basin 74
In-lake nutrient sources 77
Flushing rate 79
Light intensity 80
Biological controls 80
Macrophyte growths 81
Cage fish farming 83
Contents
6. THE USE OF MODELS 85
General types of models 85
Watershed models 87
Empirical watershed models 88
Simulation watershed models 90
Waterbody models 94
Empirical waterbody models 94
Simulation waterbody models 107
7. ESTIMATING THE NUTRIENT LOAD TO A
WATERBODY 115
Major phosphorus and nitrogen sources 115
Point sources 115
Diffuse (non-point) external sources 116
Diffuse internal sources 118
Biological availability of nutrients 119
Quantifying the nutrient load 120
Point source loads 121
Diffuse (non-point) external loads 122
Diffuse internal loads 131
Summary comments on nutrient load quantification 135
A simplified approach for estimating the annual nutrient load
to a lake or reservoir 135
Specific steps in use of simple watershed model 138
Nutrient estimates for waterbodies with rapid flushing rates 143
Reliability of nutrient load estimates 146
8. GUIDELINES FOR SAMPLING A WATERBODY 147
What to sample 147
Necessary temporal and spatial resolution for data 150
Where to sample 150
When to sample 154
Sampling strategies in waterbodies with longitudinal water
quality gradients 155
Calculating the costs of sample collection 158
Compilation and presentation of data 164
xi
Control of eutrophication
9. AVAILABLE TECHNIQUES FOR TREATING
EUTROPHICATION 169
General considerations 169
Control of the external phosphorus load 169
Direct reduction of phosphorus at the source 170
Treatment of tributary influent waters 174
Canalization/diversion of wastewaters 179
In-lake eutrophication control methods 181
Control of non-point source nutrients in the drainage basin 191
Major non-point nutrient sources and possible
remedial measures 191
Assessment of costs of achieving phosphorus control goals 195
Relative costs of point and non-point source phosphorus
control measures 199
Use of optimization models in selection of phosphorus
control options for lakes and reservoirs 210
10. THE POSSIBILITIES FOR THE REUSE OF NUTRIENTS 213
Use of algae and macrophytes for nutrient removal 213
Phytoplankton 213
Harvesting of macrophytes and filamentous algae 215
Use of macrophyte biomass as animal food 216
Use of plant biomass as raw materials for commercial
purposes 217
Aquaculture for the production of fish and other aquatic food
organisms 218
Aquaculture for the control of nutrients 219
Estimation of fish yield 222
Considerations for the management of fish ponds and small
waterbodies 226
Other nutrient reuse possibilities 229
Eutrophication and acidification of lakes 230
11. SELECTION OF EFFECTIVE STRATEGIES FOR THE
MANAGEMENT OF EUTROPHICATION 231
General considerations 231
Water quality as related to desired water use 232
A simple approach for defining and selecting an effective
eutrophication control programme 234
General overview 234
Specific steps to follow 238
What if the waterbody does not respond as expected? 245
xii
Contents
Detailed scenario analysis as an aid in selecting eutrophication
control measures 251
Post-treatment monitoring 254
ANNEX 1: CLASSIFICATION OF WATERBODIES IN
RELATION TO THEIR DESIRED USES 257
A simple lake/reservoir classification system 257
A detailed classification system 262
Hydrographie and territorial criteria 264
Trophic criteria 268
Dissolved solids, special and hygienically-relevant criteria 269
Lake classification in regard to possible water uses 269
How to classify a waterbody 269
ANNEX 2: CASE STUDIES OF EUTROPHICATION
CONTROL MEASURES 277
LITERATURE CITED 283
INDEX 309
ÕØ
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| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T15:46:11Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9231025503 1850702578 |
| language | English |
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| owner | DE-12 DE-20 DE-83 DE-11 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-20 DE-83 DE-11 |
| physical | XII, 314 S. |
| publishDate | 1989 |
| publishDateSearch | 1989 |
| publishDateSort | 1989 |
| publisher | UNESCO u.a. |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Man and the biosphere series |
| series2 | Man and the biosphere series |
| spelling | The control of eutrophication of lakes and reservoirs ed. by Sven-Olof Ryding ... Paris UNESCO u.a. 1989 XII, 314 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Man and the biosphere series 1 Eutrophierung (DE-588)4015799-4 gnd rswk-swf Stausee (DE-588)4127590-1 gnd rswk-swf See (DE-588)4054084-4 gnd rswk-swf See (DE-588)4054084-4 s Eutrophierung (DE-588)4015799-4 s DE-604 Stausee (DE-588)4127590-1 s Ryding, Sven-Olof Sonstige oth Man and the biosphere series 1 (DE-604)BV008906784 1 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=001620155&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | The control of eutrophication of lakes and reservoirs Man and the biosphere series Eutrophierung (DE-588)4015799-4 gnd Stausee (DE-588)4127590-1 gnd See (DE-588)4054084-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4015799-4 (DE-588)4127590-1 (DE-588)4054084-4 |
| title | The control of eutrophication of lakes and reservoirs |
| title_auth | The control of eutrophication of lakes and reservoirs |
| title_exact_search | The control of eutrophication of lakes and reservoirs |
| title_full | The control of eutrophication of lakes and reservoirs ed. by Sven-Olof Ryding ... |
| title_fullStr | The control of eutrophication of lakes and reservoirs ed. by Sven-Olof Ryding ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | The control of eutrophication of lakes and reservoirs ed. by Sven-Olof Ryding ... |
| title_short | The control of eutrophication of lakes and reservoirs |
| title_sort | the control of eutrophication of lakes and reservoirs |
| topic | Eutrophierung (DE-588)4015799-4 gnd Stausee (DE-588)4127590-1 gnd See (DE-588)4054084-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Eutrophierung Stausee See |
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