al- Maktabāt wa-'l-maʿlūmāt fi 'd-duwal al-mutaqaddima wa-'n-nāmiya al-ittigahat, al-ʿalāqāt, al-mu'assasāt, al-intāǧ al-fikrī - Maḥmūd, Usāma A. (Dirāsāt fi 'l-kutub wa-'l-maʿ lūmāt, 1987)