The biology and utilization of grasses:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York [u.a.]
Acad. Press
1972
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Physiological ecology
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XX, 426 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0127747508 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a The biology and utilization of grasses |c ed. by V. B. Youngner ... |
| 264 | 1 | |a New York [u.a.] |b Acad. Press |c 1972 | |
| 300 | |a XX, 426 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 0 | |a Physiological ecology | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Youngner, Victor B. |e Sonstige |4 oth | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1809947045426888704 |
|---|---|
| adam_text |
Titel: The biology and utilization of grasses
Autor: Youngner, Victor B
Jahr: 1972
Contents
List of Contributors . xiii
Foreword .xvii
Preface .xiv
Chapter 1. The Evolution of the Grass Family
G. Ledyard Stebbins
Origin and Relationships of the Grasses .1
What Were the Oldest Grasses Like? .2
Adaptive Radiation within the Grass Family .4
Evolution at the Species Level .6
Polyploidy as a Factor in Grass Evolution .8
Polyploidy and Apomixis in Grasses .12
Synthetic Evolution in Grasses .13
References .14
Chapter 2. Polyploidy as a Factor in the Evolution and
Distribution of Grasses
B. Lennart Johnson
Factors Determining the Evolutionary Advantage of Polyploidy .19
Evolution of the Alloploid Series in the Stipeae .23
References .34
Chapter 3. Breeding of Grasses
A. A. Hanson
Genetic Diversity .
Germplasm Pools .
Breeding Methods .
Cytogenetics and Breeding Behavior . .
Apomixis .
Induced Polyploids .
Interpecific and Intergeneric Hybridization
Induced Mutations .
The Consequences of Selection .
References .
Chapter 4. Developing Superior Turf Varieties
J. A. Long
Turf Variety Improvement Goals . 54
Species and Breeding Progress . 56
References . 64
Chapter 5. Selection and Breeding of Grasses for Forage and
Other Uses
R. Merton Love
Text . 66
References . 72
Chapter 6. Seedling Vigor and Seedling Establishment
C. M. McKell
Seedling Vigor .76
Characteristics Important in Seedling Vigor .78
Possibilities for Increasing Seedling Vigor .83
Seedling Establishment .85
References .87
Chapter 7. Breeding for Seedling Vigor
William R. Kneebone
Pathways to Seedling Vigor . 91
Breeding Procedures . 95
References . 9g
Chapter 8. Environmental Modification for Seedling
Establishment
Carlton H. Herbei
Natural Mulchcs .101
Artificial Mulch .103
Land-Forming Procedures .103
Seedling Establishment Research at the Jornada Experimental Range .104
References .113
Chapter 9. The Growth of Leaves and Tillers in Oryzopsis
Miliacea
D. Koller and J. Kigel
Shoot Growth .116
Leaf Growth .122
References .133
Chapter 10. Chemical Regulation of Growth in Leaves and
Tillers
J. R. Goo din
Anatomy and Morphology .135
Regulation of Growth .138
Apical Dominance in Grasses .138
Growth Regulators .139
References .144
Chapter 11. External Factors Affecting Tiller Development
Horton M. Laude
Temperature as the Principal Variable .147
Light as the Principal Variable .148
Mineral Nutrition or Water Supply as the Principal Variable .149
Interaction of Factors .150
Stage of Plant Development and Tiller Senescence .150
Management .151
References .152
Chapter 12. The Microclimate of Grass Communities
O. T. Denmead
Transfer Processes in the Air within the Canopy .157
Transfers at Leaf Surfaces .163
Energy Exchange at the Ground Surface .168
Modeling the Microclimate .169
References .170
Chapter 13. The Turfgrass Community as an Environment for
the Development of Facultative Fungal Parasites
R. M. Endo
Erratic Occurrence of Some Turfgrass Diseases .172
Competitive Saprophytic Ability (CSA) .173
Turfgrass Diseases That Spread by Aerial Hyphae .174
Probable Sources of Exogenous Nutrients .175
Factors Affecting Fungal Activity .177
Factors Affecting Host Resistance .188
Factors Affecting Fungal Survival .194
Conclusions .196
References .197
Chapter 14. Effects on Turfgrass of Cultural Practices in
Relation to Microclimate
James R. Watson
Climate .203
Soil .205
Cultural Practices .205
Mowing . . . .206
Irrigation .207
Cultivation .209
Cultural Practices of Value in Counteracting Adversity of Climate and Use . . . 209
References .210
Chapter 15. Population Interactions, Diversity, and
Community Structure
S. K. Jain
General Background .213
Models of Community Structure .214
Patterns of Diversity .217
Genetic Variability in Related Species .219
Population Interactions .224
Population Regulation .224
References .226
Chapter 16. Competition within the Grass Community
Raymond A. Evans and James A. Young
Introduction and Dominance of Species in the Community .230
Fertilizer Studies .235
Weed Control and Revegetation Studies .238
Summary and Conclusions .243
References . 243
Chapter 17. Soil Aeration and Gas Exchange in Relation to
Grasses
Lewis H. Stolzy
Soil Aeration .250
Plant Aeration .252
Soil-Plant Aeration .253
References .256
Chapter 18. Soil Moisture Control for Maximum Grass
Response
Daniel Hillel
The Field Water Balance .260
"Efficiency" of Water Use .262
Infiltration Management .262
Runoff Inducement and Utilization .263
Evapotranspiration .264
Limiting Bare Soil Evaporation .265
Specific Aspects of Soil Water Conservation during Germination and
Seedling Establishment .267
References .269
Chapter 19. Problems in Nutrient Availability and Toxicity
O. R. Lunt
Mineral Toxicities .272
Salinity Tolerance .274
Nutrient Availability .275
References .276
Chapter 20. Nutrient Uptake and Assimilation for Quality
Turf versus Maximum Vegetative Growth
Roy L. Goss
Nutrient Availability and Uptake .278
Nutrients for Quality versus Growth in Turfgrass .280
Nutrient Uptake and Their Effect on Turfgrass Diseases .285
Conclusions .289
References .290
Chapter 21. Physiology of Defoliation and Regrowth
V. B. Youngner
Clipping Effects on Top and Root Growth .292
Tillering Rates .294
Carbohydrate Reserves .296
Interaction of Clipping with Environmental Factors .296
Selection of Ecotypes .297
Relationship of Carbohydrate Reserves to Regrowth .297
Leaf Area, Light, and Regrowth Relationships .299
References .301
Chapter 22. Defoliation in Relation to Vegetative Growth
D. N. Hyder
Adaptational Variation in Morphological Types .305
Culmless Vegetative Shoots .306
Culmed Vegetative Shoots .308
Reproductive Shoots .308
Resistance to Grazing .311
The Grass Phytomer .312
Tiller Dynamics .315
References .316
Chapter 23. Carbohydrate Reserves of Grasses
Dale Smith
Carbohydrate Changes in the Stem Bases with Advance in Maturity .318
Starch Accumulators .320
Fructosan Accumulators .321
Differential Solubility of Levans .322
Separation of Fructosans from the Total Sugars .323
Molecular-Size Distribution of Fructosans in Stem Bases at Various Growth
Stages .324
Molecular-Size Distribution of Fructosans in Various Plant Parts .326
Carbohydrate Reserves in Relation to Taxonomy .328
Analyzing for Total Nonstructural Carbohydrates .330
References .331
Chapter 24. Grass Reproduction
Arthur R. Berg
Vegetative Reproduction .335
Rhizomes, Bulbs, and Corms as Storage Organs .340
Floral Reproduction .340
References .345
Chapter 25. Inflorescence Induction and Initiation
Roy M. Sachs
Control of Reproductive Development .351
Induction and Hormonal Synthesis .355
Light Intensity, Moisture Stress, and Carbohydrate Levels in Meristematic
Tissues .35g
Contents
xi
Conclusion . 360
References . 361
Chapter 26. Differentiation in the Grass Inflorescence
June Lotting
Systematics .366
Inflorescence Development .368
Measurement of Flowering .369
Types of Apices .371
Morphology .375
Overwintering of Initiated Inflorescences .379
Floral Inhibition .382
Rate of Inflorescence Development .388
Vivipary .389
Conclusion .395
References .395
Chapter 27. Seed Production and Cultural Treatments
I. J. Johnson
Text . 400
Reference . 403
Chapter 28. Future Needs in Grass Research
Future Needs in Range Research
Wesley Keller
Text . 404
Research Needs in the Forage Grasses
A.A. Hanson
Text . 405
Future Needs in Turfgrass Research
J. R. Watson
Text . 407
Author Index . 409
Subject Index . 422 |
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| isbn | 0127747508 |
| language | English |
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| physical | XX, 426 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
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| series2 | Physiological ecology |
| spelling | The biology and utilization of grasses ed. by V. B. Youngner ... New York [u.a.] Acad. Press 1972 XX, 426 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Physiological ecology Gräser (DE-588)4021764-4 gnd rswk-swf Gräser (DE-588)4021764-4 s DE-604 Youngner, Victor B. Sonstige oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=001475440&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | The biology and utilization of grasses Gräser (DE-588)4021764-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4021764-4 |
| title | The biology and utilization of grasses |
| title_auth | The biology and utilization of grasses |
| title_exact_search | The biology and utilization of grasses |
| title_full | The biology and utilization of grasses ed. by V. B. Youngner ... |
| title_fullStr | The biology and utilization of grasses ed. by V. B. Youngner ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | The biology and utilization of grasses ed. by V. B. Youngner ... |
| title_short | The biology and utilization of grasses |
| title_sort | the biology and utilization of grasses |
| topic | Gräser (DE-588)4021764-4 gnd |
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