Fundamentals of communication:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Englewood Cliffs, NJ
Prentice Hall
1988
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| Ausgabe: | 2. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Literaturangaben |
| Beschreibung: | XII, 404 S. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 013335282X |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Titel: Fundamentals of communication
Autor: Bittner, John R
Jahr: 1988
CONTENTS PREFACE xi THE PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION An Overview 1 Our Communication Environment, 4 The Importance of Effective Oral Communication, 5 Early Forms of Human Communication, 7 Defining Communication, 8 Applying the Definition, 8 A Model of Communication, 10 Intrapersonal Communication, 11 Perception and Intrapersonal Communication, 18 Some Practical Applications of Intrapersonal Communication, 14 Interpersonal Communication, 17 Small-Group Communication, 19 Public Communication, 20 Mass Communication, 22 Relationships Between Types of Communication, 23 Summary, 23 Questions for Review and Discussion, 24 Learning Exercises, 24 Additional Readings, 25 in
iv CONTENT5 Part One FACTORS IN HUMAN COMMUNICATION 2 UNDERSTANDING OURSELVES Self-Concept and Self-Disclosure Self-Concept and Good Communication, 27 Understanding Our Needs, 28 Toward Self-Actualization, 28 The Basis of Self-Concept, 28 Maintaining Our Self-Concept, 31 Understanding and Conquering Challenges, 32 Stroking, 34 Adult, Parent, and Child Ego States, 35 Everyday Forces that Affect Our Self-Concept, 37 Dealing with Loneliness, 40 Presenting Ourselves to Others, 41 Shyness, 43 Assertiveness, 44 Self-Disclosure, 48 Reasons for Self-Disclosure, 50 Becoming Aware of Our Self-Disclosure, 50 Summary, 51 Questions for Review and Discussion, 52 Learning Exercises, 53 Additional Readings, 53 3 LANGUAGE The Beginnings of Language, 55 Contemporary Language in Transition, 55 Developing Language Skills, 56 Language and Children, 58 Language and Adult Interaction, 58 Language and Communication Settings, 60 The Language of Commitment, 62 Semantics: Language and Meaning, 63 Language Complexity, 66 Language Intensity, 66 Verbal Immediacy, 67 Concrete vs. Abstract Language, 68 Vocabulary, 68 Language Style, 69 Language Patterns, 69 Avoiding Sexist Language, 71 Summary, 75 Questions for Review and Discussion, 76 Learning Exercises, 76 Additional Readings, 77
4 NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION Territorial Space, 79 Personal Space, 81 The Functions of Nonverbal Communication, 84 Body Types, Shapes, and Sizes, 85 Our Bodies’ “Natural” Clothes, 87 Basic Body Movements, 89 Gestures, 90 The Language of Posture, 92 Communicating with Facial Expressions, 93 Communicating with Our Eyes, 95 Qualities of the Voice, 96 The Nonverbal Messages of Touch, 97 Projecting an Image: Our Dress, 99 The Influence of Color, 100 The Messages of Time, 100 Summary, 101 Questions for Review and Discussion, 102 Learning Exercises, 102 Additional Readings, 102 5 LISTENING Steps Toward Better Listening, 105 Listening Techniques, 109 Separating Content from Emotion, 110 Listening as a Developmental Process, 111 Being Sensitive to Self-Disclosure, 111 Dealing with Loaded Words, 111 The Effect of Dissonance, 112 Fear of Questioning, 112 Selective Exposure, Perception, and Retention, 113 The Barriers of Prejudice and Stereotyping, 114 The Role of Source Credibility, 115 Cultural Obstacles, 115 Communication Styles: Receiver and Sender, 116 Listening to Feedback, 117 Summary, 119 Questions for Review and Discussion, 120 Learning Exercises, 120 Additional Readings, 120 Part Two INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS AND SMALL GROUPS 6 INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION The Importance of Good Interpersonal Communication, 122 Communicating on Common Ground: Homophily, 123
vi CONTENTS Heterophily, 125 Interpersonal Situations, 126 Interpersonal Communication Developing Over Time, 127 Following Rules of Behavior, 128 Rhetoric and Symbolic Interaction, 129 Inclusion, 130 Affection, 132 Control, 132 Compliance-Gaining Behavior, 133 Thinking Interpersonally, 135 Summary, 136 Questions for Review and Discussion, 137 Learning Exercises, 137 Additional Readings, 138 7 DEVELOPING RELATIONSHIPS 139 Interpersonal Bonding, 140 Managing Relationships, 140 Developing Commanality, 141 Dealing With Vulnerability, 143 Candor in a Relationship, 145 Interpersonal Attraction, 146 Inside a Relationship, 147 Changes in Interpersonal Interaction, 150 Communication Strategies in Ending a Relationship, 152 Variables Influencing Relationship Development, 155 Types of Relationships, 158 Societal Values and Relationship Types, 160 Summary, 161 Questions for Review and Discussion, 162 Learning Exercises, 162 Additional Readings, 162 8 SMALL-GROUP COMMUNICATION 163 Qualities of Small Groups, 164 Policy Groups, 167 Problem-Solving Groups, 167 Task-Oriented Groups, 167 Brainstorming Groups, 168 Social Groups, 168 Therapeutic Groups, 168 Becoming a Skilled Participant in Group Discussion, 169 Understanding Power and Status, 172 The Relationship of Roles, 173 How Trust Affects Interaction, 175 How Personalities Affect Interaction, 176 How Group Size Affects Interaction, 176 Learning to Lead a Group Discussion, 177 Leadership Style, 180
The Agenda, 180 Summary, 181 Questions for Review and Discussion, 182 Learning Exercises, 183 Additional Readings, 183 Part Three PUBLIC SPEAKING AND PERSUASION 9 ANALYZING THE AUDIENCE Audience Analysis, 185 Audience Expectations, 186 Pitfalls to Audience Analysis, 187 Audience Demographics, 188 Audience Psychographics, 189 Audience Motives, 192 Obstacles to Audience Attention, 193 Nonverbal Aspects to Audience Analysis, 194 Summary, 195 Questions for Review and Discussion, 196 Learning Exercises, 196 Additional Readings, 197 1 0 SPEECH ORGANIZATION AND SUPPORT Choosing the Topic, 199 The Importance of Organization, 201 Plans and Sample Outlines for Organizing Speeches, 202 Handling Introductions and Conclusions, 208 The Importance of Supporting the Speech, 210 The Role of Source Credibility, 210 Perceived Homophily, 211 Ethos, Pathos, Logos, 211 The Use of Reasoning, 213 A Fallacy, 214 Attribution, 214 Primary vs. Secondary Sources, 215 Analogies, 215 Personal Experiences, 216 Using Statistics, 216 Summary, 217 Questions for Review and Discussion, 218 Learning Exercises, 218 Additional Readings, 218 1 1 RESEARCHING THE SPEECH Making Friends With the Library, 220 A Strategy, 220 CONTENTS vii 184 198 219
viii CONTENTS Using the Card Catalogue, 221 Reference Sources, 222 Using Indexes, 223 Using Abstract Services, 224 Localizing Sources, 225 Statistical Indexes and Abstracts, 225 Legal Sources, 226 Journals and Trade Publications, 226 Compiling Information, 227 Summary, 227 Questions for Review and Discussion, 228 Learning Exercises, 228 Additional Readings, 228 1 2 SPEECH DELIVERY Overcoming Communication Apprehension, 231 The Speaker’s Voice, 233 The Physical Presence of the Speaker, 236 The Presentation: Impromptu, Extemporaneous, Memorization, and Manuscript, 239 Using Audio and Visual Aids, 241 Summary, 243 Questions for Review and Discussion, 244 Learning Exercises, 244 Additional Readings, 245 13 PERSUASION Persuasion and the Communication Process, 249 Rhetoric and Rhetorical Criticism, 249 Balance and Consistency Theory, 252 Cognitive Dissonance, 253 Social Judgment Theory, 255 Resistance to Persuasion, 257 Summary, 257 Questions for Review and Discussion, 258 Learning Exercises, 259 Additional Readings, 259 Part Four COMMUNICATION SETTINGS 1 4 ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION Approaches to Management and Communication, 261 Communication Networks in Organizations, 264 Communication Flow in Organizations, 266 Uncontrolled External Communication: Whistle Blowing, 270 229 246 260
CONTENTS ix Rumors and Grapevines, 271 Communication Roles in Organizations, 272 Power in Organizations, 273 Power Sharing, 275 Power Structures, 275 Corporate Culture as Organizational Communication, 277 Nonverbal Communication in Organizations, 279 Negotiation, 279 Communication Skills in Organizations, 281 Summary, 282 Questions for Review and Discussion, 283 Learning Exercises, 284 Additional Readings, 284 INTERVIEWING Interviewing and the Communication Process, 286 Factors Influencing Interviewer Choice, 287 Counseling Interviews, 288 Performance Review and Appraisal Interviews, 289 Survey Interviews, 292 Journalism Interviewing, 293 Compliance Interviews, 295 Grievance Interviews, 297 Employment Interviews, 297 Planning for an Employment Interview, 298 Knowing What You Want, 299 The Résumé, 299 The Introductory Letter, 302 Participating in the Interview, 303 Equal Employment Opportunity: Interviewing and the Law, 307 Summary, 310 Questions for Review and Discussion, 311 Learning Exercises, 312 Additional Readings, 312 COMMUNICATION IN THE FAMILY Family Structure and Change, 316 Patterns of Family Interaction, 317 The Family as a Small Group, 319 Communication Networks, 321 Communication Roles, 323 Barriers, 323 Communicating With Senior Citizens, 325 Divorce, Separation, and the Extended Family, 327 Summary, 333 Questions for Review and Discussion, 333 Learning Exercises, 334 Additional Readings, 334 2Ô5 313
X CONTENTS 1 7 MASS COMMUNICATION 335 Distinguishing Characteristics of Mass Communication, 336 Factors Affecting Gatekeeper Choice, 339 Changing Definitions of Mass Communication, 342 New Technologies Affecting Mass Communication, 345 The Mass Media, 346 Advertising and Public Relations, 351 Summary, 353 Questions for Review and Discussion, 354 Learning Exercises, 355 Additional Readings, 355 GLOSSARY 356 APPENDIXES A SAMPLE SPEECH WITH QUESTIONS FOR ANALYSIS 363 “The Future of Sports in American Society,” 363 Questions for Analysis, 369 B CLASSROOM ACTIVITY Negotiating a Labor Contract 371 Introduction, 371 Class Structure, 371 Directions, 372 NOTES 374 INDEX 391
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| spelling | Bittner, John R. Verfasser aut Fundamentals of communication John R. Bittner 2. ed. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice Hall 1988 XII, 404 S. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Literaturangaben Communication Kommunikation (DE-588)4031883-7 gnd rswk-swf Kommunikation (DE-588)4031883-7 s DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=001468006&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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