Software reliability: measurement, prediction, application
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| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
New York u.a.
McGraw-Hill
1987
|
| Series: | McGraw-Hill series in software engineering and technology.
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XVII, 621 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 007044093X |
Staff View
MARC
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| 100 | 1 | |a Musa, John D. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Software reliability |b measurement, prediction, application |c John D. Musa ; Anthony Iannino ; Kazuhira Okumoto |
| 264 | 1 | |a New York u.a. |b McGraw-Hill |c 1987 | |
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Record in the Search Index
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CONTENTS
Preface xiii
Part I Overview
1 Introduction to Software Reliability 3
u Importance 3
1 2 Software Reliability and Hardware Reliability 6
1 3 Basic Concepts 7
131 Failures and Faults 8
132 Environment 13
133 Software Reliability 15
1 4 Availability 18
1 5 Modeling 18
1 6 Uses 21
1 7 Summary 29
2 Selected Models 30
2 1 Model Selection 30
2 2 Execution Time Component 32
221 Description 32
222 Parameter Determination 47
223 Operational Phase 48
2 3 Calendar Time Component 50
231 Description 50
232 Parameter Determination 57
2 4 Model Choice 58
2 5 Summary 59
3 Applications 61
3 1 System Engineering 62
3 2 Project Management 64
vii
Vlll CONTENTS
3 3 Management of Operational Phase 67
3 4 Evaluation of Software Engineering Technologies 68
3 5 Planning for Application 69
3 6 Summary 73
Part II Practical Application
4 System Definition 77
4 1 Failure Definition 77
411 Classification 79
412 Counting 82
4 2 System Configuration 85
421 Components and Operational Modes 85
422 Concurrent Systems 88
423 Sequential Systems 101
424 Simplified Approach for Distributed Systems 103
425 Standby Redundant Systems 105
426 Procedure for Analyzing System Configuration 106
4 3 Test Run Selection 107
431 Selection Strategy 107
432 Equivalence Partitioning 110
4 4 Summary 111
5 Parameter Determination ii3
5 1 Execution Time Component 113
511 Prediction 113
5111 Total failures 113
5112 Initial failure intensity 121
512 Estimation 125
5 2 Calendar Time Component 128
521 Interpretation of Resource Definitions 130
522 Planned Parameters 132
523 Resource Usage Parameters 135
5 3 Supporting Computer Programs—Recommended Features and Use 139
531 Features 139
532 Interpretation of Results and Special Problems 142
5 4 Discussion: Failure Grouping and Randomization 143
5 5 Summary 146
6 Project-Specific Techniques 151
6 1 Unobserved Failures 151
6 2 Failure Time Measurements 156
621 Approximations to Execution Time 156
622 Time Uncertainties 158
623 Multiple Installations 162
6 3 Evolving Programs 166
631 Component Configuration Change 167
CONTENTS IX
632 ignoring Change 170
633 Failure Time Adjustment 171
6 4 Changes in Environment |76
6 5 Other Considerations 180
6 6 Summary 180
7 Application Procedures 182
7 1 Basic Duration and Cost Calculations 182
711 System Test Duration 183
712 System Test Resource Requirements and Cost 188
713 Operational Cost of Failures 191
7 2 System Engineering 192
721 Reliability Specification 192
722 Failure Restoration Resource Requirements and Costs 192
723 Reliability-Schedules-Resources-Cost Trade-offs 193
724 Setting a Failure Intensity Objective 194
725 Reliability Allocation 197
726 System Simulation 198
7 3 Project Management 199
7 4 Management of Operational Phase 201
741 Reliability Demonstration Testing 201
742 Impact of Design Change 204
743 Measuring Ultrahigh Reliability 205
744 Controlling Level of Preventive Maintenance 207
7 5 Evaluation of Software Engineering Technologies 208
7 6 Documentation Debugging and Other Applications 209
7 7 Summary 210
8 Implementation Planning 214
8 1 Data Collection 215
811 Motivating Data Takers 216
812 Making Data Collection Easy 218
813 Collecting and Scrubbing Data in Real Time 218
814 Results Feedback 219
815 Record Keeping 220
8 2 Use of Consultants 222
821 Consultee 222
822 Consultant 223
8 3 Summary 224
Part III Theory
9 Software Reliability Modeling 227
9 1 Concepts 227
911 Program 229
912 Environment and Runs 230
913 Failure 235
X CONTENTS
914 Fault 236
915 Error 240
9 2 General Model Characteristics 241
921 Random Process 243
922 With and Without Repair 244
923 Particularization 245
924 Other Information 245
9 3 Historical Development of Models 246
9 4 Model Classification Scheme 250
9 5 Summary 252
10 Markovian Models 253
10 1 General Concepts 254
10 2 General Poisson-Type Models -i55
10 2 1 Assumptions 255
10 2 2 Failures Experienced and Remaining 256
10 2 3 Failure Times and Times Between Failures 258
10 3 Binomial-Type Models 259
10 3 1 Assumptions 260
10 3 2 Failures Experienced and Remaining 262
10 3 3 Failure Times and Times Between Failures 266
10 4 Poisson-Type Models (Finite Failures) 267
10 4 1 Assumptions 268
10 4 2 Failures Experienced and Remaining 269
10 4 3 Failure Times and Times Between Failures 271
10 5 Comparison of Binomial-Type and Poisson-Type Models 272
10 6 Fault Reduction Factor for Poisson-Type Models 274
10 7 Summary 277
11 Descriptions of Specific Models 278
11 1 Finite Failures Category Models 278
11 1 1 Binomial-Type Models 278
11 1 2 Poisson-Type Models 285
11 2 Infinite Failures Category Models 289
11 2 1 Poisson-Type Models 289
11 2 2 Other Types 293
11 3 Discussion: Interrelation of Model Parameters of Logarithmic
Poisson Execution Time Model 297
11 4 Summary 301
12 Parameter Estimation 303
12 1 Preliminaries 304
12 1 1 Time and Grouped Failure Data 304
12 1 2 Scaled Mean Value Functions 306
12 1 3 Two Important Model Groups 309
12 2 Maximum Likelihood Estimation 313
12 2 1 Failure Time Data 318
CONTENTS Xi
12 211 Point estimation of model parameters 318
12 212 Interval estimation of model parameters 326
12 213 Estimation of derived quantities 337
12 2 2 Grouped Data 342
12 221 Point estimation of model parameters 342
12 222 Interval estimation of model parameters 347
12 2 3 Summary 349
12 3 Least Squares Estimation 351
12 3 1 Estimation of Failure Intensity 352
12 3 2 Point Estimation of Model Parameters 353
12 3 3 Interval Estimation of Model Parameters 357
12 3 4 Estimation of Derived Quantities 360
12 3 5 Summary 366
12 4 Bayesian Inference 366
12 4 1 Inference of Model Parameters 372
12 4 2 Inference of Derived Quantities 377
12 4 3 Summary 378
12 5 Summary 378
13 Comparison of Software Reliability Models 383
13 1 Comparison Criteria 383
13 1 1 Predictive Validity 384
13 1 2 Capability 386
13 1 3 Quality of Assumptions 387
13 1 4 Applicability 387
13 1 5 Simplicity 387
13 2 Failure Data 388
13 3 Comparison of Predictive Validity of Model Groups 390
13 3 1 Maximum Likelihood Method 390
13 3 2 Least Squares Method 396
13 4 Evaluation of Other Criteria 396
13 5 Recommended Models 398
13 6 Discussion: Comparison ofTime Domains 399
13 6 1 Estimation of Failure Intensity 399
13 6 2 Fitting the Observed Failure Intensity 401
13 6 3 Comparison of Execution Time and Calendar Time 403
13 7 Summary 407
14 Calendar Time Modeling 408
14 1 Limiting Resource Concept 409
14 2 Resource Usage Model 411
14 3 Calendar Time Determination 415
14 4 Resource Utilization 423
14 4 1 Failure Correction Personnel 423
14 4 2 Computer Time 427
14 5 Calendar Time Estimation and Confidence Intervals 428
14 6 Summary 431
Xll CONTENTS
15 Failure Time Adjustment for Evolving Programs 435
15 1 Evolving Software Concepts 436
15 2 Basic Interstage Failure Time Adjustment 440
15 2 1 Two-Stage Evolution 441
15 2 2 Three-Stage Evolution 444
15 2 3 Generalization to More Stages 446
15 2 4 Transformation Specification 447
15 3 Poisson-Type Models 449
15 3 1 Basic Execution Time Model 450
15 3 2 Logarithmic Poisson Execution Time Model 452
15 4 Binomial-Type Models 452
15 5 An Application 453
15 6 Effect on Calendar Time Component 455
15 7 Summary 458
Part IV Future Development
16 State of the Art 463
16 1 Measurement 463
16 2 Prediction Quality 464
16 2 1 Using Parameter Estimation 464
16 2 2 Using Parameter Prediction 466
16 2 3 Calendar Time 467
16 3 Extensions and Application 467
16 4 Summary 469
Appendixes
A Review of Probability Stochastic Processes, and Statistics 471
B Review of Hardware Reliability 504
C Review of Software and Software Development for Hardware En
gineers 514
D Optimization Algorithm 523
E Summary of Formulas for Application 528
F Glossary of Terms 533
G Glossary of Notation 538
H Problem Solutions 544
I Recommended Specifications for Supporting Computer Programs 587
References 593
Author Index 601
Subject Index 605 |
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| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-20T06:10:16Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 007044093X |
| language | English |
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| physical | XVII, 621 S. graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 1987 |
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| series2 | McGraw-Hill series in software engineering and technology. |
| spelling | Musa, John D. Verfasser aut Software reliability measurement, prediction, application John D. Musa ; Anthony Iannino ; Kazuhira Okumoto New York u.a. McGraw-Hill 1987 XVII, 621 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier McGraw-Hill series in software engineering and technology. Logiciels - Essais Logiciels - Fiabilité Mesure du logiciel Programmatuurtechniek gtt fiabilité logiciel inriac mesure fiabilité inriac modèle markovien inriac Computer software Reliability Computer software Testing Zuverlässigkeit (DE-588)4059245-5 gnd rswk-swf Softwaretest (DE-588)4132652-0 gnd rswk-swf Qualität (DE-588)4047966-3 gnd rswk-swf Software (DE-588)4055382-6 gnd rswk-swf Software (DE-588)4055382-6 s Qualität (DE-588)4047966-3 s DE-604 Zuverlässigkeit (DE-588)4059245-5 s Softwaretest (DE-588)4132652-0 s 1\p DE-604 Iannino, Anthony Verfasser aut Okumoto, Kazuhira Verfasser aut HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=001395547&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Musa, John D. Iannino, Anthony Okumoto, Kazuhira Software reliability measurement, prediction, application Logiciels - Essais Logiciels - Fiabilité Mesure du logiciel Programmatuurtechniek gtt fiabilité logiciel inriac mesure fiabilité inriac modèle markovien inriac Computer software Reliability Computer software Testing Zuverlässigkeit (DE-588)4059245-5 gnd Softwaretest (DE-588)4132652-0 gnd Qualität (DE-588)4047966-3 gnd Software (DE-588)4055382-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4059245-5 (DE-588)4132652-0 (DE-588)4047966-3 (DE-588)4055382-6 |
| title | Software reliability measurement, prediction, application |
| title_auth | Software reliability measurement, prediction, application |
| title_exact_search | Software reliability measurement, prediction, application |
| title_full | Software reliability measurement, prediction, application John D. Musa ; Anthony Iannino ; Kazuhira Okumoto |
| title_fullStr | Software reliability measurement, prediction, application John D. Musa ; Anthony Iannino ; Kazuhira Okumoto |
| title_full_unstemmed | Software reliability measurement, prediction, application John D. Musa ; Anthony Iannino ; Kazuhira Okumoto |
| title_short | Software reliability |
| title_sort | software reliability measurement prediction application |
| title_sub | measurement, prediction, application |
| topic | Logiciels - Essais Logiciels - Fiabilité Mesure du logiciel Programmatuurtechniek gtt fiabilité logiciel inriac mesure fiabilité inriac modèle markovien inriac Computer software Reliability Computer software Testing Zuverlässigkeit (DE-588)4059245-5 gnd Softwaretest (DE-588)4132652-0 gnd Qualität (DE-588)4047966-3 gnd Software (DE-588)4055382-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Logiciels - Essais Logiciels - Fiabilité Mesure du logiciel Programmatuurtechniek fiabilité logiciel mesure fiabilité modèle markovien Computer software Reliability Computer software Testing Zuverlässigkeit Softwaretest Qualität Software |
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