Microbiology:
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Reading, Mass. u.a.
Addison-Wesley
1986
|
| Edition: | 2. ed. |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | Getr. Zählung zahlr. Ill. u. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0201109972 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Norton, Cynthia F. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Microbiology |
| 250 | |a 2. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Reading, Mass. u.a. |b Addison-Wesley |c 1986 | |
| 300 | |a Getr. Zählung |b zahlr. Ill. u. graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Microbiology | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Mikrobiologie |0 (DE-588)4316357-9 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
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Brief
Table of Contents
PART ONE
FUNDAMENTALS
OF MICROBIOLOGY 1
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
The Microbial World and You 2
Chemical Principles 24
Observing Microorganisms Through
a Microscope 59
Chapter 4 Functional Anatomy of Procaryotic
and Eucaryotic Cells 79
Microbial Metabolism 113
Microbial Growth 151
Control of Microbial Growth
Microbial Genetics 210
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
PART TWO
SURVEY OF THE MICROBIAL
WORLD 253
Chapter 9 Classification of __
Microorganisms 254
Chapter 10 Bacteria 275
Chapter 11 Fungi, Algae, Protozoans, and
Multicellular Parasites 301
Chapter 12 Viruses 339
PART THREE
INTERACTION BETWEEN MICROBE
AND HOST 377
Chapter 13 Principles of Disease and
Epidemiology 377
Chapter 14 Mechanisms of Pathogenicity 399
Chapter 15 Nonspecific Defenses of the
Host 416
Chapter 16 Specific Defenses of the Host:
The Immune Response 437
Chapter 17 Harmful Aspects of the Immune
Response 471
Chapter 18 Antimicrobial Drugs 493
PART FOUR
MICROORGANISMS AND HUMAN
DISEASE 523
Chapter 19
Chapter 20
Chapter 21
Chapter 22
Chapter 23
Chapter 24
PART FIVE
Microbial Diseases of the Skin and
Eyes 524
Microbial Diseases of the Nervous
System 548
Microbial Diseases of the
Cardiovascular and Lymphatic
Systems 574
Microbial Diseases of the
Respiratory System 608
Microbial Diseases of the Digestive
System 640
Microbial Diseases of the Urinary
and Genital Systems 674
MICROBIOLOGY, THE ENVIRONMENT,
AND HUMAN AFFAIRS 699
Chapter 25 Soil and Water Microbiology
Chapter 26 Food and Industrial
Microbiology 732
Appendices 756
Glossary 771
Acknowledgments 775
Index 798
ix
Detailed
Table of Contents
PART ONE
FUNDAMENTALS
OF MICROBIOLOGY 1
Chapter 1 The Microbial World
and You 2
MICROBES IN OUR LIVES 4
A BRIEF HISTORY OF MICROBIOLOGY 5
The First Observations 5
Fermentation 5
The Debate Over Spontaneous
Generation 6
The Germ Theory of Disease 8
Vaccination 10
The Birth of Modern Chemotherapy: Dreams of
a Magic Bullet 11
NAMING AND CLASSIFYING -
MICROORGANISMS 12
THE DIVERSITY OF MICROORGANISMS 13
Bacteria 13
Fungi 13
Protozoans 15
Algae 15
Multicellular Animal Parasites 15
Viruses 15
MICROBES AND HUMAN WELFARE 15
Recycling Vital Elements 16
Sewage Treatment: Using Microbes to Recycle
Water 17
Insect Control by Microorganisms 18
Modern Industrial Microbiology and Genetic
Engineering 18
MICROBES AND HUMAN DISEASE 19
BOX WHAT MAKES SOURDOUGH BREAD
DIFFERENT? 7
STUDY OUTLINE 20
STUDY QUESTIONS 22
FURTHER READING 23
Chapter 2 Chemical Principles 24
STRUCTURE OF ATOMS 25
Chemical Elements 25
Electronic Configurations 26
HOW ATOMS FORM MOLECULES:
CHEMICAL BONDS 28
Ionic Bonds 28
Covalent Bonds 31
Hydrogen Bonds 31
Molecular Weight and Moles 32
CHEMICAL REACTIONS 32
Synthesis Reactions 32
Decomposition Reactions 32
Exchange Reactions 33
The Reversibility of Chemical Reactions 33
How Chemical Reactions Occur 33
Energy of Chemical Reactions 35
Forms of Energy 35
IMPORTANT BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES 35
INORGANIC COMPOUNDS 35
Water 35
Acids, Bases, and Salts 36
Acid-Base Balance 36
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS 38
Functional Groups 40
Carbohydrates 42
Lipids 43
Proteins 44
Nucleic Acids 51
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) 52
BOX EXPONENTS, EXPONENTIAL NOTATION,
AND LOGARITHMS 39
STUDY OUTLINE 53
STUDY QUESTIONS 56
FURTHER READING 58
x
Detailed Table of Contents Xi
Chapter 3 Observing Microorganisms
Through a Microscope 59
UNITS OF MEASUREMENT 60
MICROSCOPY: THE INSTRUMENTS 60
Compound Light Microscopy 61
Darkfield Microscopy 61
Phase-Contrast Microscopy 64
Differential Interference Contrast (DIC)
Microscopy 65
Fluorescence Microscopy 65
Electron Microscopy 67
PREPARATION OF SPECIMENS FOR LIGHT
MICROSCOPY 68
Hanging-Drop Preparation 68
Staining and Preparing Smears 69
Simple Stains 69
Differential Stains 70
Special Stains 74
Flagella Staining 75
BOX BDELLOVIBRIO—PREDATOR
EXTRAORDINAIRE 71
STUDY OUTLINE 75
STUDY QUESTIONS 76
FURTHER READING 78
Chapter 4 Functional Anatomy of
Procaryotic and Eucaryotic
Cells 79
PROCARYOTIC AND EUCARYOTIC
CELLS 80
THE PROCARYOTIC CELL 81
SIZE, SHAPE, AND ARRANGEMENT OF
BACTERIAL CELLS- 81
STRUCTURES EXTERNAL TO THE CELL
WALL 82
Glycocalyx 82
Flagella 84
Axial Filaments 84
Pili 84
CELL WALL 86
Composition and Characteristics 86
Damage to the Cell Wall 89
STRUCTURES INTERNAL TO THE CELL
WALL 90
Plasma (Cytoplasmic) Membrane 91
Movement of Materials Across
Membranes 92
Cytoplasm 95
Endospores 96
THE EUCARYOTIC CELL 100
FLAGELLA AND CILIA 101
CELL WALL 102
PLASMA (CYTOPLASMIC) MEMBRANE 103
CYTOPLASM 103
ORGANELLES 103
Nucleus 103
Endoplasmic Reticulum 105
Ribosomes 105
Golgi Complex 105
Mitochondria 106
Lysosomes 106
Centrosome and Centrioles 107
Chloroplasts 107
CYTOPLASMIC INCLUSIONS 107
BOX MICROBIAL MAGNETS 97
STUDY OUTLINE 108
STUDY QUESTIONS 110
FURTHER READING 112
Chapter 5 Microbial Metabolism 113
ENZYMES 115
Parts of an Enzyme 115
Mechanisms of Enzymatic Action 117
Naming Enzymes 118
Factors Influencing Enzymatic Activity 118
Feedback Inhibition 121
ENERGY PRODUCTION METHODS 122
The Concept of Oxidation-Reduction 122
Generation of ATP: Types of
Phosphorylation 122
Chemiosmotic Mechanism of ATP
Generation 123
Nutritional Patterns Among Organisms 125
Summary of Energy Production
Methods 128
BIOCHEMICAL PATHWAYS OF ENERGY
PRODUCTION 129
CARBOHYDRATE CATABOLISM 130
Glycolysis 130
Respiration 131
Fermentation 135
Lipid Catabolism 138
Protein Catabolism 139
BIOCHEMICAL PATHWAYS OF ENERGY
UTILIZATION 140
Biosynthesis of Polysaccharides 140
Biosynthesis of Lipids 140
Biosynthesis of Amino Acids 142
Biosynthesis of Purines and Pyrimidines 143
Xii Detailed Table of Contents
INTEGRATION OF METABOLISM 143
BOX PHOTOSYNTHESIS WITHOUT
CHLOROPHYLL 127
BOX WHAT IS FERMENTATION? 137
STUDY OUTLINE 145
STUDY QUESTIONS 147
FURTHER READING 150
Chapter 6 Microbial Growth 151
REQUIREMENTS FOR GROWTH 152
Physical Requirements 152
Chemical Requirements 154
CULTURE MEDIA 159
Chemically Defined Media 160
Complex Media 161
Anaerobic Growth Media and Methods 161
Special Culture Techniques 162
Selective and Differential Media 163
Mixed and Pure Cultures 167
Isolating Pure Cultures 167
INOCULATION 168
PRESERVING BACTERIAL CULTURES 168
GROWTH OF BACTERIAL CULTURES 168
Bacterial Division 168
Generation Time 168
Phases of Growth 171
Measurement of Microbial Growth 172
BOX MAKING FOOD WITHOUT LIGHT—
CHEMOSYNTHESIS~ON THE_0CEAN
FLOOR 155
STUDY OUTLINE 177
STUDY QUESTIONS 179
FURTHER READING 181
Chapter 7 Control of Microbial Growth 182
CONDITIONS INFLUENCING MICROBIAL
CONTROL 183
Temperature 183
Kind of Microbe 183
Physiological State of the Microbe 184
Environment 184
ACTIONS OF MICROBIAL CONTROL
AGENTS 185
Alteration of Membrane Permeability 185
Damage to Proteins and Nucleic Acids 185
PATTERN OF MICROBIAL DEATH 185
PHYSICAL METHODS OF MICROBIAL
CONTROL 186
Heat 186
Filtration 189
Low Temperature 189
Dessication 189
Osmotic Pressure 190
Radiation 191
CHEMICAL METHODS OF MICROBIAL
CONTROL 192
Qualities of an Effective Disinfectant 192
Principles of Effective Disinfection 192
Evaluating a Disinfectant 194
Kinds of Disinfectants 194
BOX MMWR PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA
PERITONITIS ATTRIBUTED TO A
CONTAMINATED IODOPHOR
SOLUTION 197
STUDY OUTLINE 204
STUDY QUESTIONS 207
FURTHER READING 209
Chapter 8 Microbial Genetics 210
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE
GENETIC MATERIAL 211
GENOTYPE AND PHENOTYPE 211
DNA AND CHROMOSOMES 212
DNA REPLICATION 213
RNA AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS 218
Transcription 218
Translation 221
THE GENETIC CODE 222
REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION IN
BACTERIA 223
INDUCTION AND REPRESSION 224
Induction 224
Repression 224
Operon Model 224
MUTATION: CHANGE IN THE GENETIC
MATERIAL 226
TYPES OF MUTATIONS 226
MUTAGENESIS 228
Chemical Mutagens 228
Radiation 230
Frequency of Mutation 230
IDENTIFYING MUTATIONS 230
THE AMES TEST FOR IDENTIFYING CHEMICAL
CARCINOGENS 233
GENETIC TRANSFER AND
RECOMBINATION 234
TRANSFORMATION IN BACTERIA 234
CONJUGATION IN BACTERIA 236
TRANSDUCTION IN BACTERIA 237
RECOMBINATION IN EUCARYOTES 239
PLASMIDS 240
Detailed Table of Contents Xiii
GENETIC ENGINEERING:
RECOMBINANT DNA 241
GENES AND EVOLUTION 244
BOX MICROBIOLOGY IN THE NEWS THE
PROMISE AND PERIL OF GENETIC
ENGINEERING 244
STUDY OUTLINE 246
STUDY QUESTIONS 249
FURTHER READING 251
PART TWO
SURVEY OF THE MICROBIAL
WORLD 253
Chapter 9 Classification of
Microorganisms 254
FIVE-KINGDOM SYSTEM OF
CLASSIFICATION 255
NAMING ORGANISMS 255
CLASSIFICATION OF EUCARYOTIC
ORGANISMS 257
CLASSIFICATION OF BACTERIA 257
CLASSIFICATION OF VIRUSES 260
CRITERIA FOR CLASSIFICATION
AND IDENTIFICATION OF
MICROORGANISMS 261
Morphological Characteristics 262
Differential Staining 262
Biochemical Tests 263
Serology 263
Phage Typing 264
Amino Acid Sequencing 264
Protein Analysis 264 —
Base Composition of Nucleic Acids 266
Nucleic Acid Hybridization 267
Genetic Recombination 269
Numerical Taxonomy 269
BOX THE ARCHAEOBACTERIA—
NEITHER PROCARYOTES NOR
EUCARYOTES? 270
STUDY OUTLINE 270
STUDY QUESTIONS 272
FURTHER READING 273
Chapter 10 Bacteria 275
BERGEY S MANUAL: BACTERIAL
TAXONOMY 275
BACTERIAL GROUPS 276
Spirochetes 276
Helical/Vibrioid, Gram-Negative Bacteria 278
Gram-Negative, Aerobic Rods and
Cocci 280
Facultatively Anaerobic, Gram-Negative
Rods 281
Anaerobic, Gram-Negative, Straight, Curved or
Helical Rods 286
Dissimilatory Sulfate- or Sulfur-Reducing
Bacteria 286
Anaerobic, Gram-Negative Cocci 287
Rickettsias and Chlamydias 287
Mycoplasmas 289
Gram-Positive Cocci 289
Endospore-Forming, Gram-Positive Rods and
Cocci 291
Regular, Non-Sporing, Gram-Positive
Rods 291
Irregular, Non-Sporing, Gram-Positive
Rods 291
Mycobacteria 292
Nocardioforms 292
Gliding, Fruiting, Sheathed,, and Budding and/or
Appendaged Bacteria 293
Chemoautotrophic Bacteria 295
Archaeobacteria 295
Phototrophic Bacteria 295
Actinomycetes 297
BOX HOW E COLI GOT ITS NAME 283
STUDY OUTLINE 298
STUDY QUESTIONS 299
FURTHER READING 300
Chapter 11 Fungi, Algae, Protozoans, and
Multicellular Parasites 301
FUNGI 302
VEGETATIVE STRUCTURES 302
Yeasts 303
Dimorphic Fungi 304
REPRODUCTIVE STRUCTURES 305
Asexual Spores 305
Sexual Spores 306
MEDICALLY IMPORTANT PHYLA OF
FUNGI 307
Zygomycota 307
Ascomycota 307
Basidiomycota 307
Deuteromycota 307
FUNGAL DISEASES 308
UNDESIRABLE ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF
FUNGI 309
ALGAE 310
XiV Detailed Table of Contents
STRUCTURE AND REPRODUCTION 313
ROLES OF ALGAE IN NATURE 313
LICHENS 315
SLIME MOLDS 317
PROTOZOANS 317
PROTOZOAN BIOLOGY 318
Nutrition 318
Reproduction 318
Encystment 319
MEDICALLY IMPORTANT PHYLA OF
PROTOZOANS 319
Sarcodina 319
Mastigophora 319
Ciliata 321
Sporozoa 321
HELMINTHS 325
HELMINTH BIOLOGY 325
Reproduction 325
Life Cycle 325
PLATYHELMINTHES 325
Trematodes 325
Cestodes 325
ASCHELMINTHES 329
Nematodes 329
ARTHROPODS 331
BOX MICROBIOLOGY IN THE NEWS
PARASITE OUTWITS THE
IMMUNE SYSTEM, INTRIGUES
SCIENTISTS 322
STUDY OUTLINE 333
STUDY QUESTIONS 336
FURTHER READING -338_
Chapter 12 Viruses 339
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF
VIRUSES 340
Definition 340
Host Range 340
Size 341
VIRAL STRUCTURE 341
Nucleic Acid 341
Capsid and Envelope 342
General Morphology 342
CLASSIFICATION OF VIRUSES 344
ISOLATION, CULTIVATION, AND
IDENTIFICATION OF VIRUSES 347
Growth of Bacteriophages in the
Laboratory 349
Growth of Animal Viruses in the
Laboratory 349
VIRAL MULTIPLICATION 352
Multiplication of Bacteriophages 352
Multiplication of Animal Viruses 357
EFFECTS OF ANIMAL VIRAL INFECTION ON
HOST CELLS 365
VIRUSES AND CANCER 365
Transformation of Normal Cells Into Tumor
Cells 366
DNA-Containing Oncogenic Viruses 368
RNA-Containing Oncogenic Viruses 368
Activation of Oncogenes 368
LATENT VIRAL INFECTIONS 369
SLOW VIRAL INFECTIONS 369
PRIONS 369
PLANT VIRUSES AND VIROIDS 370
BOX MICROBIOLOGY IN THE NEWS
ESTABLISHING A LINK BETWEEN EB
VIRUS AND CANCER 367
STUDY OUTLINE 371
STUDY QUESTIONS 374
FURTHER READING 376
PART THREE
INTERACTION BETWEEN MICROBE
AND HOST 377
Chapter 13 Principles of Disease and
Epidemiology 378
PATHOLOGY, INFECTION, AND
DISEASE 379
NORMAL FLORA 379
Functions 380
Relationships Between Normal Flora and
Host 381
CAUSES OF DISEASE 382
Main Categories of Disease 382
Koch s Postulates 383
SPREAD OF INFECTION 385
Reservoirs 385
Nocosomial (Hospital-Acquired)
Infections 385
Transmission of Disease 388
KINDS OF DISEASES 390
SIGNALS OF DISEASE 392
EPIDEMIOLOGY 393
BOX MMWR ENDOTOXIC REACTIONS
ASSOCIATED WITH THE REUSE OF
CARDIAC CATHETERS 387
STUDY OUTLINE 394
Detailed Table of Contents XV
STUDY QUESTIONS 396
FURTHER READING 398
Chapter 14 Mechanisms of
Pathogenicity 399
ENTRY OF A MICROORGANISM INTO THE
HOST 400
Mucous Membranes 400
Skin 400
Parenteral Route 400
Preferred Portal of Entry 400
Numbers of Invading Microbes 400
ADHERENCE 402
HOW PATHOGENS RESIST HOST
DEFENSES 402
Capsules 402
Components of the Cell Wall 403
Enzymes 403
Other Factors 404
DAMAGE TO HOST CELLS 404
Direct Damage 405
Toxins 405
PATHOGENIC PROPERTIES OF OTHER
MICROORGANISMS 407
Viruses 407
Fungi, Protozoans, Helminths, and
Algae 408
PATTERN OF DISEASE 410
PORTALS OF EXIT 411
BOX MMWR FATAL DIPHTHERIA 407
STUDY OUTLINE 413
STUDY QUESTIONS 414
FURTHER READING _415
Chapter 15 Nonspecific Defenses of the
Host 416
SKIN AND MUCOUS MEMBRANES 417
Mechanical Factors 417
Chemical Factors 419
PHAGOCYTOSIS 420
Formed Elements of the Blood 421
Kinds of Phagocytic Cells 421
Mechanism of Phagocytosis 424
INFLAMMATION 424
Vasodilation and Increased Permeability of
Blood Vessels 425
Phagocyte Migration 426
Repair 427
FEVER 427
ANTIMICROBIAL SUBSTANCES 428
Interferon (IFN) 428
Complement and Properdin 429
FACTORS THAT LOWER RESISTANCE 432
STUDY OUTLINE 433
STUDY QUESTIONS 435
FURTHER READING 436
Chapter 16 Specific Defenses of the Host:
The Immune Response 437
THE DUALITY OF THE IMMUNE
SYSTEM 438
ACQUIRED IMMUNITY 438
Naturally Acquired Immunity 438
Artificially Acquired Immunity 438
ANTIGENS 440
ANTIBODIES 441
Structure of Antibodies 441
Classes of Immunoglobulins 441
MECHANISMS OF THE IMMUNE
RESPONSE 444
B Cells and Humoral Immunity 445
Antibody Responses to Antigens 445
T Cells and Cell-Mediated Immunity 447
SEROLOGY 451
Precipitation Reactions 452
Agglutination Reactions 452
Complement Fixation Reactions 457
Neutralization Reactions 457
Immunofluorescence and Fluorescent Antibody
Techniques 458
Radioimmunoassay 459
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
(ELISA) 459
VACCINATIONS AND PUBLIC HEALTH 462
Vaccines 462
BOX MICROBIOLOGY IN THE NEWS
NOBEL PRIZE-WINNING
IMMUNOLOGY—THEORY AND
PRACTICE 448
STUDY OUTLINE 465
STUDY QUESTIONS 468
FURTHER READING 470
Chapter 17 Harmful Aspects of the Immune
Response 471
HYPERSENSITIVITY 472
Type I (Anaphylaxis) Reactions 472
Type II (Cytotoxic) Reactions 475
XVi Detailed Table of Contents
Type III (Immune Complex) Reactions 476
Type IV (Cell-Mediated) Reactions 477
AUTOIMMUNITY 478
Loss of Immunologic Tolerance 478
Major Histocompatibility Complex 479
Transplantation 480
Natural Immune Deficiencies 481
IMMUNE RESPONSE TO CANCER 481
Immunologic Surveillance 481
Immunologic Escape 484
Immunotherapy 485
TRANFUSION REACTIONS AND RH
INCOMPATIBILITY 485
The ABO Blood Group System 486
The Rh Blood Group System 486
BOX MICROBIOLOGY IN THE NEWS
ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY
SYNDROME (AIDS) UPDATE:
A MEDICAL DETECTION REPORT 482
STUDY OUTLINE 488
STUDY QUESTIONS 490
FURTHER READING 492
Chapter 18 Antimicrobial Drugs 493
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT 494
CRITERIA FOR ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS 495
SPECTRUM OF ACTIVITY 497
ACTION OF ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS 497
Inhibition of Cell Wall Synthesis 497
Inhibition of Protein Synthesis ~ 499_
Injury to the Cell Membrane 500
Inhibition of Nucleic Acid Synthesis 500
Inhibition of Enzymatic Activity 500
SURVEY OF COMMONLY USED
ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS 501
Synthetic Antimicrobial Drugs 501
Antibiotics 502
Antifungal Drugs 508
Antiviral Drugs 508
Antiprotozoan and Antihelminthic Drugs 509
TESTS FOR MICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY TO
CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS 511
Disk Diffusion Method 512
Tube Dilution and Agar Dilution Tests 513
Automated Tests 514
DRUG RESISTANCE 514
BOX MICROBIOLOGY IN THE NEWS
CONTROVERSY SURROUNDS THE
USE OF ANTIBIOTICS IN FEED 496
BOX MMWR PENICILLIN-RESISTANT
GONOCOCCI AND NATURAL
SELECTION 515
STUDY OUTLINE 517
STUDY QUESTIONS 520
FURTHER READING 521
PART FOUR
MICROORGANISMS AND HUMAN
DISEASE 523
Chapter 19 Microbial Diseases of the Skin
and Eyes 524
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE
SKIN 525
NORMAL FLORA OF THE SKIN 525
BACTERIAL DISEASES OF THE SKIN 527
Staphylococcal Skin Infections 527
Streptococcal Skin Infections 529
Infections by Pseudomonads 530
Acne 531
VIRAL DISEASES OF THE SKIN 531
Warts 531
Smallpox (Variola) 532
Chickenpox (Varicella) and Shingles
(Herpes Zoster) 533
Measles (Rubeola) 534
German Measles (Rubella) 535
Cold Sores (Herpes Simplex) 536
FUNGAL DISEASES OF THE SKIN 537
Superficial Mycoses 537
Cutaneous Mycoses 537
Subcutaneous Mycoses 537
Candidiasis 538
INFECTIONS OF THE EYE 539
Bacterial Infections 539
Viral Infections 542
BOX SCABIES—AN ITCHY INFECTION BY A
PARASITIC ARTHROPOD 538
STUDY OUTLINE 542
STUDY QUESTIONS 545
FURTHER READING 547
Chapter 20 Microbial Diseases of the
Nervous System 548
ORGANIZATION OF THE NERVOUS
SYSTEM 549
MENINGITIS 550
Neisseria Meningitis (Meningococcal
Meningitis) 551
Detailed Table of Contents XVii
Hemophilus influenzae Meningitis 552
Streptococcus pneumoniae Meningitis
(Pneumococcal Meningitis) 553
Cryptococcus neoformans Meningitis
(Cryptococcosis) 553
Tetanus 554
BOTULISM 555
LEPROSY 557
POLIOMYELITIS 558
RABIES 560
ARTHROPOD-BORNE ENCEPHALITIS 565
AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS 566
NAEGLERIA MICROENCEPHALITIS 567
SLOW VIRUS DISEASES 567
BOX MMWR SYSTEMIC ALLERGIC
REACTIONS FOLLOWING
IMMUNIZATION WITH HUMAN
DIPLOID CELL RABIES VACCINE 563
STUDY OUTLINE 569
STUDY QUESTIONS 572
FURTHER READING 573
Chapter 21 Microbial Diseases of the
Cardiovascular and Lymphatic
Systems 574
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 575
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM 575
BACTERIAL DISEASES OF THE
CARDIOVASCULAR AND LYMPHATIC
SYSTEMS 577
Septicemia 577
Puerperal Sepsis— 577
Bacterial Endocarditis 579
Rheumatic Fever 579
Tularemia 580
Brucellosis (Undulant Fever) 581
Anthrax 582
Listeriosis 584
Gangrene 584
SYSTEMIC DISEASES CAUSED BY
ANIMAL BITES AND SCRATCHES 585
Plague 585
Relapsing Fever 587
Lyme Disease 587
RICKETTSIAL DISEASES OF THE
CARDIOVASCULAR AND LYMPHATIC
SYSTEMS 587
Typhus 587
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever 589
VIRAL DISEASES OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR
AND LYMPHATIC SYSTEMS 590
Myocarditis 590
Infectious Mononucleosis 590
Burkitt s Lymphoma 571
Yellow Fever 592
Dengue 592
Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers 592
PROTOZOAN AND HELMINTHIC DISEASES OF
THE CARDIOVASCULAR AND LYMPHATIC
SYSTEMS 593
Toxoplasmosis 593
American Trypanosomiasis (Chagas
Disease) 595
Malaria 595
Schistosomiasis 598
BOX MMWR BACTEREMIA AMONG AORTIC-
VALVE SURGERY PATIENTS 578
STUDY OUTLINE 601
STUDY QUESTIONS 605
FURTHER READING 607
Chapter 22 Microbial Diseases of the
Respiratory System 608
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 609
NORMAL FLORA OF THE RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM 611
BACTERIAL DISEASES OF THE UPPER
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 611
Streptococcal Pharyngitis
(Strep Throat) 612
Scarlet Fever 612
Diphtheria 613
Cutaneous Diphtheria 614
Otitis Media 614
VIRAL DISEASE OF THE UPPER
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 615
Common Cold (Coryza) 615
BACTERIAL DISEASES OF THE LOWER
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 615
Whooping Cough (Pertussis) 615
Tuberculosis 618
Bacterial Pneumonias 621
VIRAL DISEASES OF THE LOWER
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 625
Viral Pneumonia 625
Influenza (Flu) 625
FUNGAL DISEASES OF THE LOWER
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 627
Histoplasmosis 627
XViii Detailed Table of Contents
Coccidioidomycosis 628
Blastomycosis (North American
Blastomycosis) 629
Other Fungi Involved in Respiratory
Disease 630
PROTOZOAN AND HELMINTHIC DISEASES OF
THE LOWER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 630
BOX MICROBIOLOGY IN THE NEWS
A CURE FOR THE COMMON
COLD? 616
STUDY OUTLINE 633
STUDY QUESTIONS 637
FURTHER READING 639
Chapter 23 Microbial Diseases of the
Digestive System 640
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 641
ANTIMICROBIAL FEATURES OF THE
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 642
NORMAL FLORA OF THE DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM 642
BACTERIAL DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM 643
Diseases of the Mouth 643
Diseases of the Lower Digestive
System 646
VIRAL DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM 654
Mumps 654
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Inclusion
Disease 656 ~ —-
Hepatitis 657 ~~
Viral Gastroenteritis 660
MYCOTOXINS 660
PROTOZOAN DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM 660
Giardiasis 660
Balantidiasis (Balantidial Dysentery) 661
Amoebic Dysentery (Amoebiasis) 661
Cryptosporidiosis 662
HELMINTHIC DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM 662
Tapeworm Infestation 662
Trichinosis 665
BOX MMWR MILK-BORNE
SALMONELLOSIS 649
STUDY OUTLINE 668
STUDY QUESTIONS 672
FURTHER READING 673
Chapter 24 Microbial Diseases of the Urinary
and Genital Systems 674
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE
URINARY SYSTEM 675
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE
GENITAL SYSTEM 675
NORMAL FLORA OF THE URINARY AND
GENITAL SYSTEMS 676
BACTERIAL DISEASES OF THE URINARY
SYSTEM 677
Cystitis 678
Pyelonephritis 678
Leptospirosis 678
Glomerulonephritis 679
BACTERIAL DISEASES OF THE GENITAL
SYSTEM 679
Gonorrhea 680
Syphilis 682
Nongonococcal Urethritis (NGU) 686
Gardnerella Vaginalis 686
Lymphogranuloma Venereum (LGV) 687
Chancroid (Soft Chancre) and Granuloma
Inguinale 687
VIRAL DISEASE OF THE GENITAL
SYSTEM 688
Genital Herpes 688
FUNGAL DISEASE OF THE GENITAL
SYSTEM 689
Candidiasis 689
PROTOZOAN DISEASE OF THE GENITAL
SYSTEM 692
Trichomoniasis 692
BOX MICROBIOLOGY IN THE NEWS
NEW HOPE FOR TREATING
HERPES 689
STUDY OUTLINE 693
STUDY QUESTIONS 695
FURTHER READING 697
FURTHER READING FOR PART FOUR 697
PART FIVE
MICROBIOLOGY, THE ENVIRONMENT,
AND HUMAN AFFAIRS 699
Chapter 25 Soil and Water
Microbiology 700
SOIL MICROBIOLOGY AND CYCLES OF THE
ELEMENTS 701
THE COMPONENTS OF SOIL 701
Detailed Table of Contents xix
Rock Particles and Minerals 701
Soil Water 701
Soil Gases 701
Organic Matter 701
Organisms 701
MICROORGANISMS AND BIOGEOCHEMICAL
CYCLES 703
Carbon Cycle 703
Nitrogen Cycle 705
Other Biogeochemical Cycles 711
DEGRADATION OF PESTICIDES AND OTHER
SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS 711
AQUATIC MICROBIOLOGY AND SEWAGE
TREATMENT 711
Transmission of Infectious Diseases 712
Chemical Pollution 712
FRESHWATER MICROBIAL FLORA 713
SEAWATER MICROBIAL FLORA 713
EFFECTS OF POLLUTION 715
Transmission of Infectious Diseases 715
Chemical Pollution 715
TESTS FOR WATER PURITY 716
WATER TREATMENT 718
SEWAGE TREATMENT 720
Primary Treatment 721
Biochemical Oxygen Demand 721
Secondary Treatment 722
Sludge Digestion 723
Septic Tanks 725
Oxidation Ponds 725
Tertiary Treatment 726
BOX MICROBIOLOGY IN THE NEWS
WAGING A BACTERIAL WAR ON
PESTS 704
STUDY OUTLINE 726
STUDY QUESTIONS 729
FURTHER READING 731
Chapter 26 Food and Industrial
Microbiology 732
FOOD SPOILAGE AND PRESERVATION 733
SPOILAGE OF CANNED FOOD 735
ASEPTIC PACKAGING 736
LOW-TEMPERATURE PRESERVATION 736
RADIATION AND FOOD PRESERVATION 737
PASTEURIZATION 738
CHEMICAL PRESERVATIVES 738
FOOD-BORNE INFECTIONS AND MICROBIAL
INTOXICATIONS 739
ROLE OF MICROORGANISMS IN FOOD
PRODUCTION 740
Cheese 740
Other Dairy Products 741
Nondairy Fermentations 741
Alcoholic Beverages 741
FOOD FROM MICROORGANISMS 742
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES FROM
MICROORGANISMS 746
GENETIC ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL
MICROBIOLOGY 747
Genetic Engineering 747
Industrial Microbiology 749
BOX MICROBIOLOGY IN THE NEWS
SINGLE-CELL PROTEIN MAY HELP
EASE WORLD FOOD PROBLEM 744
STUDY OUTLINE 752
STUDY QUESTIONS 754
FURTHER READING 755
APPENDIX A: CLASSIFICATION OF
BACTERIA ACCORDING
TO BERGEY S MANUAL
OF SYSTEMATIC
BACTERIOLOGY 756
APPENDIX B: PRONUNCIATION OF
SCIENTIFIC NAMES 760
APPENDIX C: WORD ROOTS USED IN
MICROBIOLOGY 764
APPENDIX D: MOST PROBABLE NUMBERS
(MPN) TABLE 768
APPENDIX E: METHODS FOR TAKING
CLINICAL SAMPLES 769
GLOSSARY 771
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 775
INDEX 798
MICROVIEW 1: BACTERIAL STAINS AND
MORPHOLOGY after 90
MICROVIEW 2: RECOMBINANT DNA AT WORK
after 250
MICROVIEW 3: INSIDE A CLINICAL LAB
after 522
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Norton, Cynthia F. |
| author_facet | Norton, Cynthia F. |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Norton, Cynthia F. |
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| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV002051864 |
| callnumber-first | Q - Science |
| callnumber-label | QR41 |
| callnumber-raw | QR41.2 |
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| callnumber-sort | QR 241.2 |
| callnumber-subject | QR - Microbiology |
| classification_tum | BIO 250f |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)11786177 (DE-599)BVBBV002051864 |
| dewey-full | 616/.01 |
| dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
| dewey-ones | 616 - Diseases |
| dewey-raw | 616/.01 |
| dewey-search | 616/.01 |
| dewey-sort | 3616 11 |
| dewey-tens | 610 - Medicine and health |
| discipline | Biologie Medizin |
| edition | 2. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV002051864 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T15:39:31Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0201109972 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-001341728 |
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| owner_facet | DE-M49 DE-BY-TUM |
| physical | Getr. Zählung zahlr. Ill. u. graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 1986 |
| publishDateSearch | 1986 |
| publishDateSort | 1986 |
| publisher | Addison-Wesley |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Norton, Cynthia F. Verfasser aut Microbiology 2. ed. Reading, Mass. u.a. Addison-Wesley 1986 Getr. Zählung zahlr. Ill. u. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Mikrobiologie (DE-588)4316357-9 gnd rswk-swf Mikrobiologie (DE-588)4316357-9 s DE-604 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=001341728&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Norton, Cynthia F. Microbiology Microbiology Mikrobiologie (DE-588)4316357-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4316357-9 |
| title | Microbiology |
| title_auth | Microbiology |
| title_exact_search | Microbiology |
| title_full | Microbiology |
| title_fullStr | Microbiology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microbiology |
| title_short | Microbiology |
| title_sort | microbiology |
| topic | Microbiology Mikrobiologie (DE-588)4316357-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Microbiology Mikrobiologie |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=001341728&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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