Rhetoric in the classical tradition:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York
St. Martin's Pr.
1988
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XVII, 462 S. |
| ISBN: | 0312002521 |
Internformat
MARC
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804116119898816512 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | RHETORIC
IN THE
CLASSICAL
TRADITION
WINIFRED BRYAN HORNER
Texas Christian University
ST MARTIN S PRESS NEW YORK
Contents
A Foreword by Edward P J Corbett v
Preface ix
1 An Introduction to Classical Rhetoric 1
WHAT IS RHETORIC? 2
THE ANCIENT WORLD 4
CLASSICAL RHETORIC 7
Invention • Arrangement • Style • Memory • Presentation • Kinds of
Rhetoric
A CLASSICAL EDUCATION 1 3
CLASSICAL RHETORIC FOR THE TWENTIETH CENTURY 1 6
PARTI
INVENTION 23
2 Formulating a Thesis 27
EXPLORING THE SUBJECT 29
Fact • Essence • Quality
FINDING YOUR THESIS 34
Narrowing Your Thesis • Guiding Your Readers
USING TOPIC SENTENCES 37
ADLAI STEVENSON The Hard Kind of Patriotism 40
3 Establishing Credibility and Appealing to Your
Audience 50
ETHOS: ESTABLISHING CREDIBILITY 51
Ways of Establishing Credibility as a Writer • Ethical Concerns
PATHOS: APPEALING TO YOUR AUDIENCE 57
Analyzing an Audience • Shaping an Audience
VIRGINIA WOOLF Professions for Women 68
xiii
xiv CONTENTS
4 Discovering Ideas: Definition and Classification 78
DEFINITION 79
The Essential Definition • Checking the Validity of a Definition •
When to Define • Extending a Definition • Using Definition
in Writing
GARY GOSHGARIAN Zeroing in on Science Fiction 90
CLASSIFICATION 94
Genus and Species • Using Classification and Division in Writing •
The Dividing Principle • Elaborating on Classifications and
Divisions
RUSSELL LYNES On Weekend Guests 101
5 Discovering Ideas: Comparison and Contrast,
Cause and Effect 111
COMPARISON AND CONTRAST 1 1 1
Logical Comparison • Rhetorical Comparison and Contrast • Using
Comparison and Contrast in Writing
MARK TWAIN from Life on the Mississippi 120
CAUSE AND EFFECT 122
Kinds of Causes • Rhetorical Cause and Effect
LEWIS THOMAS On Magic in Medicine 128
6 Finding Good Reasons 136
LOGICAL REASONING 137
Deduction and Induction • Deduction • THOMAS JEFFERSON,
The Declaration of Independence • The Toulmin Model •
Induction
RHETORICAL REASONING 1 5 1
TheEnthymeme • MARK TWAIN, Fenimore Cooper s Literary
Offenses • The Maxim • The Example
LORENEISELEY The Brown Wasps 163
7 Using Outside Resources 174
DESCRIPTION 175
Using the Senses • Using Perspective
NARRATION 1 8 1
CONTENTS xv
LENNYSCHULMAN In New Mexico: Visions along the Amtrak
Line 182
STATISTICS 187
Terminology • Using Statistics in Writing
AUTHORITY 1 9 1
Using Authority in Writing
RUTH ADAMS AND FRANK MURRAY Vitamin E in the Hands
of Creative Physicians 195
CONDUCTING INTERVIEWS 200
8 Avoiding Fallacies 205
MATERIAL FALLACIES 207
Faulty Hidden Generalization • Insufficient Sampling •
Unrepresentative Sampling
LOGICAL FALLACIES 210
Faulty Cause • Either/Or Fallacy • The Rigged Question •
Equivocation
PSYCHOLOGICAL FALLACIES 213
Appeal to Pity • Ad Hominen • Appeal to Force • Bandwagon •
Appeal to Ceremony or Setting • Appeal to Authority • Appeal to
Tradition • Appeal to Ignorance • Appeal to Humof • Name-Calling
RICHARD M NIXON The Checkers Speech 279
PART II
ARRANGEMENT 229
9 Structuring the Essay 232
OPENING 234
With a Quotation • With a Question • With an Anecdote • With a
Thesis Statement
PROVIDING BACKGROUND INFORMATION 240
DEFINING THE TERMS AND EXPLAINING THE ISSUES 241
PRESENTING THE THESIS 244
GIVING PROOF 245
ANSWERING OPPOSING ARGUMENTS 247
CONCLUDING 249
STEPHEN JAY GOULD Evolution as Fact and Theory 251
xvi CONTENTS
PARTm
STYLE 263
10 Achieving Clarity and Appropriateness 266
CLARITY 267
Increasing Your Vocabulary • Using Words for Good Effect •
Coherence
APPROPRIATENESS 283
Level of Style • Stylistic Choices • Sexist Language
NANDESUKA Why Handguns Must Be Outlawed 288
11 Using Figures of Speech 299
TROPES 301
Metaphor • Simile • Synecdoche • Metonymy • Personification •
Hyperbole • Litotes • Irony * Oxymoron and Paradox • Rhetorical
Questions • Onomatopoeia
SCHEMES 311
Balance • Word Order • Addition • Omission • Repetition • Sound
JOHN F KENNEDY Inaugural Address 319
LEARNING FROM MODELS 322
Exercises in Sentence Imitation • Exercises in Paraphrasing
PART IV
MEMORY 337
12 Tapping Available Resources 340
BOOKS 341
The Dust Jacket • The Title Page • The Table of Contents • Prefaces
and Introductions References, Bibliographies, and Notes • The Index
• Skimming a Book
THE LIBRARY 349
The Card Catalog • Other Catalogs • Catalog Cards • Locating
Books • Finding Journal and Magazine Articles • Finding Newspaper
Articles • Databases • Reference Books • Other Library Resources
PERSONAL EXPERIENCE 361
MAXINE HONG KINGSTON No Name Woman 363
CONTENTS xvii
PARTV
PRESENTATION 377
13 The Research Paper 380
SELECTING A SUBJECT 381
FINDING MATERIAL 382
Bibliography Cards
TAKING NOTES 383
Note Cards
OUTLINING YOUR MATERIAL 384
WRITING THE FIRST DRAFT AND INCORPORATING SOURCE MATERIAL 386
Summarizing and Paraphrasing • Quoting • Avoiding Plagiarism
EXPLANATORY REFERENCES 389
PREPARING THE FINAL DRAFT 390
Heading and Title • Pagination • Listing References • Citing Sources
SOME MATTERS OF PUNCTUATION AND MECHANICS 394
Titles • Names • Numbers • Quotations
STUDENT PAPER Anorexia Nervosa: Dieting and Dying 398
14 Other Common Forms of College Writing 414
THE SHORT PAPER ABOUT LITERATURE 415
Selecting a Subject • Rereading to Focus on Your Subject • Providing
Textual Support
SAMPLE PAPER Ges ture in A Doll s House 417
THE ESSAY EXAM 420
Preparing for an Exam • Taking the Exam
EPILOGUE 431
Plato, On Rhetoric and Wrestling 431
Quintilian, On Writing 432
Aristotle, On Friendship 436
Glossary 439
Index 453
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| isbn | 0312002521 |
| language | English |
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| title | Rhetoric in the classical tradition |
| title_auth | Rhetoric in the classical tradition |
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