X-ray and electron methods of analysis: [selected papers from the 1966 Eastern Analytical Symposium]
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| Format: | Conference Proceeding Book |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
New York
Plenum Press
1968
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| Series: | Progress in analytical chemistry
1 |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | X, 164 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
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| adam_text | PROGRESS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
VOLUME 1
X-RAY AND
ELECTRON METHODS
OF ANALYSIS
Edited by H van Olphen
1a1 -j C National Research Council
L ^ — Washington, D C
GMtLiM-INSTSTUT
iur a or:-n c Che ,ie uirj Grcnrgebiete
ter •* iJ ,i ;eV scfaft zur
i or ;,:h3f:en
Franri/[viain
i — Lii^liothek —
and William Parrish
Philips Laboratories
Briarcliff Manor, N Y
r~-~»JjEigentum d e •
I A -v -Bboysr^Biblic-thek
In do^eQCh
^F ra n*fu rt/Ms i n
9? PLENUM PRESS • NEW YORK • 1968
CONTENTS
Chapter I
X-Ray Diffractometry Methods for Complex Powder Patterns 1
by William Parrish
1 Introduction 1
2 Diffractometer Geometry 2
2 1 Curved Specimens 4
2 2 Intensity and Resolution 7
2 3 Seemann-Bohlin Diffractometer 10
2 4 Axial Divergence 10
3 Selection of X-Ray Wavelengths 13
3 1 Dispersion 13
3 2 Spectral Distribution of Primary Beam 15
3 3 Optimum Conditions for X-Ray Tube Operation 19
4 Reduction of Air-Path Absorption 24
5 Steroid Patterns 24
6 Comments on Recording Powder Data 28
Acknowledgments* , 34
References 34
Chapter II
Energy Dispersion X-Ray Analysis Using Radioactive Sources 36
by William J Campbell
1 Introduction 36
2 Instrumentation 37
2 1 Excitation Sources 38
2 2 Source-Sample-Detector Geometry 40
3 Resolution of X-Ray Spectra 41
3 1 Energy Dispersion using Proportional Counters 44
3 2 Energy Dispersion using Scintillation Counters 46
3 3 Energy Dispersion using Lithium-drifted Silicon 50
4 Applications 51
Acknowledgment 53
References 53
vii
viii Contents
Chapter III
Quantitative Electron Microprobe Analysis 55
by Robert E Ogilvie
1 Introduction 55
1 1 The Electron Microprobe Analyzer 56
2 X-Ray Spectra 58
2 1 Backscattered Electrons 62
2 2 Intensity of Characteristic X-Radiation 66
3 Empirical Approach 71
3 1 Sample Calculation 73
4 Conclusion 74
References 74
Chapter IV
Determination of Specific Surfaces by Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering
Methods—A Brief Review 76
by H Brumberger
1 Introduction 76
2 General Theoretical Background 77
3 Correlation Function and Specific Surface 79
4 Experimental Technique 82
References 84
Chapter V
Determination of Particle-Diameter Distributions by Small-Angle
X-Ray Scattering 86
by Paul W Schmidt, Charles G Weil, and Orville L Brill
1 Introduction 86
2 Assumptions and Range of Applicability 87
3 Comparison of Average Dimensions 88
4 Calculation of Diameter Distributions v • • • ^
4 1 Introduction 93
4 2 Outline of the Theory 94
4 3 Results for Silica Suspensions 96
4 4 Discussion 98
Acknowledgments 99
References 99
Chapter VI
Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering and Low-Energy Electron Diffraction
Studies of Catalyst Surfaces 101
by Gabor A Somorjai
Contents ix
1 Introduction 101
2 Principles of Low-Energy Electron Diffraction 102
3 Low-Energy Electron Diffraction Study of the (100), (111), and
(110) Faces of Platinum 106
3 1 Experimental 106
3 2 Surface Phase Transformations as a Function of Temperature 108
321 Properties of the Ordered Surface Structures 109
322 Properties of the Disordered Surface Str uctures 110
4 Principles of Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering 113
4 1 Particle Shape and Size Distribution 114
5 Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering Study of Alumina-Supported
Platinum Catalysts 116
5 1 Experimental 117
5 2 Results and Discussion 119
521 Growth of Platinum Particles 119
522 The Size Distribution and Shape of Particles 124
References 126
Chapter VII
The Analysis of Low-Angle Light Scattering from Simple Mixtures 127
by Daniel Caulfield, Yung-Fang Yao, and Robert Ullman
1 Introduction 128
2 Basic Scattering Theory 129
3 Determinatio fi of Characteristic Dimensions 134
3 1 Radius of Gyration 134
3 2 Correlation Function ; 134
3 3 Distance of Heterogeneity 135
3 4 Surface Area 135
3 5 The Debye Approximation 136
3 6 Particle Size Distribution 137
3 7 Multiple Scattering 138
3 8 Effect of the High-Angle Limit on Surface Area Calculations 139
3 9 The Assumption of Random Surface Elements 140
3 10 Limitations of the Rayleigh-Gans Scattering Theory 141
4 Description of the Photometer 142
4 1 Outline of Problem 142
4 2 Optical System 143
4 3 Mechanical Structure 143
4 4 Electronic Components 144
4 5 Recording and Programming 145
4 6 Instrument Performance 146
x Contents
5 Experimental Studies 148
5 1 Materials 148
5 2 Preparation of the Light-Scattering Sample 148
5 3 The Light-Scattering Data 148
5 4 Experimental Results 149
541 Glass Spheres 149
542 Polystyrene Latices 153
6 Discussion 159
Acknowledgments 160
References 160
Index 163
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| spelling | X-ray and electron methods of analysis [selected papers from the 1966 Eastern Analytical Symposium] ed. by H. van Olphen ... New York Plenum Press 1968 X, 164 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Progress in analytical chemistry 1 Radiochemische Analyse (DE-588)4176821-8 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)1071861417 Konferenzschrift gnd-content Radiochemische Analyse (DE-588)4176821-8 s DE-604 Van Olphen, Hendrik 1912- Sonstige (DE-588)122544455 oth Eastern Analytical Symposium 1966 New York, NY Sonstige (DE-588)3028035-7 oth Progress in analytical chemistry 1 (DE-604)BV000893246 1 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=000742225&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | X-ray and electron methods of analysis [selected papers from the 1966 Eastern Analytical Symposium] Progress in analytical chemistry Radiochemische Analyse (DE-588)4176821-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4176821-8 (DE-588)1071861417 |
| title | X-ray and electron methods of analysis [selected papers from the 1966 Eastern Analytical Symposium] |
| title_auth | X-ray and electron methods of analysis [selected papers from the 1966 Eastern Analytical Symposium] |
| title_exact_search | X-ray and electron methods of analysis [selected papers from the 1966 Eastern Analytical Symposium] |
| title_full | X-ray and electron methods of analysis [selected papers from the 1966 Eastern Analytical Symposium] ed. by H. van Olphen ... |
| title_fullStr | X-ray and electron methods of analysis [selected papers from the 1966 Eastern Analytical Symposium] ed. by H. van Olphen ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | X-ray and electron methods of analysis [selected papers from the 1966 Eastern Analytical Symposium] ed. by H. van Olphen ... |
| title_short | X-ray and electron methods of analysis |
| title_sort | x ray and electron methods of analysis selected papers from the 1966 eastern analytical symposium |
| title_sub | [selected papers from the 1966 Eastern Analytical Symposium] |
| topic | Radiochemische Analyse (DE-588)4176821-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Radiochemische Analyse Konferenzschrift |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=000742225&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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