Eliminating racism: profiles in controversy
Saved in:
| Format: | Book |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
New York u.a.
Plenum Pr.
1988
|
| Series: | Perspectives in social psychology
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XXIII, 380 S. |
| ISBN: | 0306426315 |
Staff View
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text |
Eliminating Racism
Profiles in Controversy
Edited by
Phyllis A Katz
Institute for Research on Social Problen s
Boulder, Colorado
and
Dalmas A Taylor
Wayne State University
Detroit, Michigan
Published under the auspices of the Society for the
Psychological Study of Social Issues
Plenum Press • New York and London
Contents
Introduction 1
Phyllis A Katz and Dalmas A Taylor
Origins and Possible Effects of Recent Controversies 3
The Many Faces of Racism 6
Other General Issues Addressed 7
Organization of This Book 8
Conclusions 15
References 15
/I
£
I THEORETICAL CONTROVERSIES
A INTEGRATION VERSUS PLURALISM
Integration and Pluralism 19
Thomas F Pettigrew
Basic Definitions 19
Two Myths 20
Black American Uniqueness 23
Blacks 'Experience a Special Type of Marginality in American Society : 23
Antiblack Discrimination Alone Reflects the Confluence of Race, Slavery,
and Segregation 24
Implications for Black-White Relations 28
References 29
XV
xvi CONTENTS
The Future of Pluralism Revisited 31
Harry C Triandis
Definitions 31
Theoretical Analysis 32
Applications to Intergroup Relations 33
Illinois Studies of the Economically Disadvantaged 38
Theoretical Interpretation 39
On the Consequences of Inequality 40
Integration as a Remedy 41
A Specific Proposal 42
We Need More Research 46
A Vision of the Future 47
Conclusion 48
References 48
B SYMBOLIC VERSUS REALISTIC GROUP CONFLICT
Symbolic Racism 53
w David O Sears
/
The Symbolic Racism Approach 54
A Political Focus 54
The Content of Symbolic Racism 55
Testing for Symbolic Racism 56
Symbolic Politics 58
The Effects of Symbolic Racism 59
The Political Effects 59
Old-Fashioned Racism 61
Personal Racial Threat 62
Critiques 63
^ Measurement and Labeling 63
I Social Desirability and Respondent Duplicity 65
« Group Interest and Group Conflict 66
^ The Broader Theory 69
Antiblack Affect 70
Traditional Values 72
The Role of Conservative Ideology 73
Affect and-Cognition 74
When Attitude Objects Become Symbolic 76
Long-Term Social Change 77
Conclusions 78
References 80
CONTENTS xvii
Group Conflict, Prejudice, and the Paradox of Contemporary Racial
Attitudes 85
Lawrence Bobo
Introduction 85
The Problem: Progress and Resistance 88
Group Conflict and Racial Ideology 91
Definitions 91
The Current Social Context 92
Group Conflict Motives and Racial Attitudes 95
Conflict and Positive Change 98
Ideological Hegemony and Racial Attitudes 99
Progress and Resistance Revisited 100
Prejudice and Racial Attitudes 102
Definitions 102
Symbolic Racism 103
Empirical Assessments 108
Conclusions 109
References ' 109
II RACISM TOWARD BLACKS: HOW GENIiRALIZABLE?
6 '
Racism in Black and White: A Bicultural Model of Reaction and
Evolution 117
James M Jones
Introduction 117
The Role of Culture in Racism 118
Racism and Black Culture 120
Reactionary View 120
' Evolutionary View 120
TRIOS 121
Biculturalism in Black Americans: Strategies for Coping with Racism 123
Biculturalism as a Central Tendency: The Melting Pot 123
Biculturalism as Variance: Ethnicity 124
Remedies for Racism 126
Individual Racism 127
Institutional Racism r- 129
Cultural Racism 131
Conclusion 132
References 133
xviii CONTENTS
Racism toward Hispanics: The Culturally Monolithic Society 137
Albert Ramirez
The Culturally Monolithic System versus the Culturally Pluralistic System 138
Culturally Monolithic Assumptions about the Mexican-American 138
Aspirations and Expectations of Chicanos 139
Intellectual and Educational Abilities of Chicanos 141
Language Attitudes 141
Chicano Ethnic Identity and Acculturation 145
A USPI-ESPI Analysis of Interracial Group Relations 147
Psychology and the Culturally Pluralistic System 150
References 153
Seeking Convergence in Race Relations Research: Japanese-Americans
and the Resurrection of the Internment 159
Don T Nakanishi
Introduction 160
Seeking Convergence 163
Resurrecting the Internment 165
The Past as Present 170
Conclusion 177
References 178
Stereotypical Images, American Indians, and Prejudice 181
Joseph E Trimble
Historical Beginnings 182
Colonialism and Its Impact 183
Extermination, Relocation, and Isolation 184
Then Came Citizenship 184
And Now They Call for Termination 184
Contemporary Examples of Discrimination 185
Law Enforcement 185
Education 185
Employment 186
Prevalence of Stereotypical Images 187
Textbook Stereotypes 189
Film and'Stereotypes 189
Research Themes and Stereotypes 191
The News Media and Stereotypes 193
Some Data on Changing Stereotypes 194
Indians, Blacks, and Racism 198
CONTENTS xix
Summary and Conclusions 200
References 201
Racism and Sexism: Comparisons and Conflicts 203
Pamela Trotman Reid
Comparisons of Sexism and Racism 203
Definitions of Racism and Sexism 203
Causes of Racism and Sexism 205
Scope of Racism and Sexism 206
Methodological Issues 207
Current Perceptions of Racism and Sexism 209
Race and Sex Conflicts: The Case of Black Women 211
Gender Differences in the Treatment of Blacks 211
Sexism: Conflict with Black Men 212
Dual Identity: Conflict for Black Women 213
Race Differences in the Treatment of Women 213
Racism: Conflict with White Women 214
Conflicts in Research 216
Diversity versus Divisions 217
Summary and Conclusions 218
References 219
III SOCIAL POLICY
C
A DESEGREGATION
School Desegregation: The Social Science Role 225
Harold B Gerard
The Social Science Statement 226
The Basis for the Lateral-Transmission-of-Values Hypothesis 230
Social Science and Public Policy 233
References 235
The 1954 Social Science Statement and School Desegregation: A Reply to
Gerard 237
Stuart W Cook
The Historical Context 238
The Social Science Statement 238
xx CONTENTS
The Impact of the Statement 240
Was the Social Science Statement Myopically Focused and Short-Sighted? 240
Was the Social Science Statement Vague about How Desegregation Would
Correct the Harm of Segregation? 241
Was the Social Science Statement Incorrect Regarding the Generation of Low
Self-Esteem under Segregation? 242
What Did the Social Science Statement Say about the Effect of Desegregation
on the Self-Esteem of Black Children? 244
What Did the Social Science Statement Say about the Effect of Desegregation
on the School Achievement of Black Children 245
The Social Science Statement and the Effect of Desegregation on Race Relations
and Attitudes 248
The Social Science Statement as a Contribution to Public Policy 250
Summary 253
References 254
B BUSING
School Busing: A Time for Change 259
David ] Armor
Remedy and Definitions of Desegregation 260
Initial Approaches 260
Remedy in the 1960s 261
Busing in the 1970s 262
Racial Balance and White Flight 265
Districtwide Studies 265
School-Level Studies 266
White Flight and Resegregation 270
Metropolitan Desegregation 271
Early Efforts and the Detroit Case 271
The Indianapolis and Wilmington Cases 273
Atlanta and the Housing Cases 274
New Approaches to Old Problems 276
Voluntary versus Mandatory 277
Legislative Initiatives: The Wisconsin Plan 277
Expanded-Choice Programs and the Courts 278
References 279
The Contribution of School Desegregation to Academic Achievement
and Racial Integration 281
Willis D Haivley and Mark A Smylie
Introduction 2$1
Reducing Racial Isolation 282
CONTENTS xxi
Increasing Academic Achievement 284
Benefits of Desegregation 284
The Logic of Heterogeneous Instructional Settings 286
Potential Costs of Desegregation That Could Affect Studeni Achievement 287
Summary 289 «
Achieving a Racially Integrated Society 290
Conditions That Foster Integration r 290
Desegregation and Racial Conflict 291
White Flight and Long-Term Prospects for Interracial Inter? ction 291
Summary 293
Conclusion 293
References 295
C INTERGROUP CONFLICT
Desegregation, Jigsaw, and the Mexican-American Exper ence 301
Elliot Aronson and Alex Gonzalez
The Effects of Desegregation 302
Sanction by Authority 303
Equal-Status Contact 303
In Pursuit of Common Goals 303
The Jigsaw Method 304
The Expert Group 305
The Jigsaw Group 305
Experiments in the Classroom 307
Self-Esteem, Liking School, and Liking One Another 307
Academic Performance 308
Some Mechanisms Underlying Jigsaw 308
Dissonance Reduction 308
Empathic Role-Taking 309
Peer Rewards and Increased Participation 309
Attribution of Success and Failure 310
Interaction among Outcomes 310
The Generalization of Positive Attitudes 310
Socialization in the Mexican-American Family 311
Conclusion 312
References 313
Contact and Cooperation: When Do They Work? 315
Marilynn B Brewer and Norman Miller
Types of Generalization 315
Category-Based Generalization 316
xxii CONTENTS
Differentiation and Complexity 317
Personalization and Decategorization 318
Reduction of Category-Based Interaction 319
Generalization of Cooperative Interaction 320
Effects of Interteam Competition 321
Differences in Group Status 323
Conclusions 324
References ; 325
D AFFIRMATIVE ACTION
The Future of Preferential Affirmative Action 329
Nathan Glazer
What is Affirmative Action? 329
The Effects of Affirmative Action 332
References 339
tj Affirmative Action and the Legacy of Racial Injustice 341
/ Ira Glasser
Introduction: The Loss of Moral Consensus 341
Origins and Definitions 344
Affirmative Action as Legal Remedy 344
Affirmative Action as Compensatory Opportunity 347
Justifications and Criticisms 349
Merit 349
Fairness 351
The Internalization of Inferiority 354
amp; Conclusion: Regaining a Moral Consensus 356
f References • 356
p
Conclusion 359
Dalmas A Taylor and Phyllis A Katz
The Psychology of Desegregation 361
Generalizability of Culture and Racism 364
CONTENTS xxiii
The New American Dilemma 366
References 368
Author Index 371
Subject Index 379 |
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| spelling | Eliminating racism profiles in controversy ed. by Phyllis A. Katz ... New York u.a. Plenum Pr. 1988 XXIII, 380 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Perspectives in social psychology Racisme - États-Unis Racisme - États-Unis ram Rassendiscriminatie gtt Racism -- United States Rassismus (DE-588)4076527-1 gnd rswk-swf Etats-Unis - Relations interethniques ram États-Unis - Relations interethniques ram États-Unis - Relations raciales USA United States -- Race relations USA (DE-588)4078704-7 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content USA (DE-588)4078704-7 g Rassismus (DE-588)4076527-1 s DE-604 Katz, Phyllis A. Sonstige oth HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=000516520&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Eliminating racism profiles in controversy Racisme - États-Unis Racisme - États-Unis ram Rassendiscriminatie gtt Racism -- United States Rassismus (DE-588)4076527-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4076527-1 (DE-588)4078704-7 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Eliminating racism profiles in controversy |
| title_auth | Eliminating racism profiles in controversy |
| title_exact_search | Eliminating racism profiles in controversy |
| title_full | Eliminating racism profiles in controversy ed. by Phyllis A. Katz ... |
| title_fullStr | Eliminating racism profiles in controversy ed. by Phyllis A. Katz ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Eliminating racism profiles in controversy ed. by Phyllis A. Katz ... |
| title_short | Eliminating racism |
| title_sort | eliminating racism profiles in controversy |
| title_sub | profiles in controversy |
| topic | Racisme - États-Unis Racisme - États-Unis ram Rassendiscriminatie gtt Racism -- United States Rassismus (DE-588)4076527-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Racisme - États-Unis Rassendiscriminatie Racism -- United States Rassismus Etats-Unis - Relations interethniques États-Unis - Relations interethniques États-Unis - Relations raciales USA United States -- Race relations Aufsatzsammlung |
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