Variable plants and herbivores in natural and managed systems:
Saved in:
| Format: | Book |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
New York u.a.
Acad. Pr.
1983
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XVI, 717 S. Kt. |
| ISBN: | 0122091604 |
Staff View
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Variable plants and herbivores in natural and managed systems |c ed. by Robert F. Denno ... |
| 264 | 1 | |a New York u.a. |b Acad. Pr. |c 1983 | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Variation (Botanique) | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Insect pests |x Control | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Insect-plant relationships | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Insects |x Host plants | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Insects |x Variation | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Plants |x Variation | |
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Record in the Search Index
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Contents
Contributors xiii
Preface xv
Introduction Variability: A Key to Understanding
Plant-Herbivore Interactions
ROBERT F DENNO AND MARK S McCLURE
Text 1
References 7
Part I Sources of Intraplant Variation and Consequences
for Herbivores 13
1 Host Manipulation of Parasites: Within-Plant Variation
as a Defense against Rapidly Evolving Pests
THOMAS G WHITHAM
I Introduction 15
II Variation as a Plant Defense 16
III Host Selection by Pemphigus Gall Aphids 21
IV Between-Plant Variation in Resistance 23
V Within-Plant Variation in Resistance 26
VI Impact of Within-Plant Variation on Parasites 30
VII Discussion 34
VIII Summary 37
References 39
2 Insect-Induced Chemical Signals Regulating Natural
Plant Protection Responses
C A RYAN
I Introduction 43
II Proteinase Inhibitors and Natural Plant Protection 45
III Summary 55
References 56
v
vi
Contents
3 Habitat Selection and Foraging Tactics of Caterpillars
in Heterogeneous Trees
JACK C SCHULTZ
I Introduction 61
II Patterns of Feeding-Site Variation in Tree Canopies 63
III The Impact of Variability on Defoliating Insects 68
IV Conclusions 84
References 86
4 Leaf Age as a Predictor of Herbivore Distribution
and Abundance
MICHAEL J RAUPP AND ROBERT P DENNO
I Introduction 91
II Temporal Variation in Leaf Quality 93
III Temporal and Spatial Patterns of Herbivory 102
IV A Case Study of Within-Plant Variation and Its Effects on
Herbivore Distribution 104
V Concluding Remarks 115
References 119
5 Competition between Herbivores and Increased Resource
Heterogeneity
MARK S McCLURE
I Introduction 125
II Introduced Species: A Unique Encounter between Plant
and Herbivore 127
III Nutritional Requirements of Herbivorous Insects 130
IV Foliar Nitrogen: A Basis for Fitness in Elongate
Hemlock Scale 132
V Quality and Availability of Food for Exotic Hemlock Scales 135
VI Summary and Conclusions 146
References 150
6 Herbivore Population Dynamics and Plant Chemistry
DAVID F RHOADES
I Introduction 155
II Effects of Stressful Environments on the Proximate Nutritional
Quality of Plants 157
Contents
vii
III Theory of Plant Defense 158
IV Effect of Physical Stress on Plant Defenses 162
V Defensive Responses of Plants to Herbivore Attack 165
VI Offensive Adaptations of Herbivores for Discrimination between
Suitable and Unsuitable Food and for Synchronizing Reproduction
with the Availability of Suitable Food 171
VII Offensive Adaptations of Herbivores that Stress, Increase the
Nutritional Quality of, or Circumvent Induced Defensive Responses
of Plants 174
VIII Direct and Indirect Effects of Food-Plant Nutritional Quality
and Defensive Posture on Fitness of Herbivores 179
IX Changes in Herbivore Properties during Population
Fluctuations 180
X Possible Pheromonal Interactions among Plants
and Herbivores 184
XI Theory of Herbivore Outbreaks 187
XII Conclusion 202
XIII Summary 204
References 204
Part II Sources of Interplant Variation and Consequences
for Herbivores 221
7 Ecology of Host-Selection Behavior in Phytophagous Insects
MARK D RAUSHER
I Introduction 223
II Habitat Selection 224
III Discrimination between Host Species 225
IV Conspecific Host Discrimination 242
V Conclusions 249
References 250
8 Influence of Vegetation Texture on Herbivore Populations:
Resource Concentration and Herbivore Movement
PETER KAREIVA
I Introduction 259
II Testing the Resource-Concentration Hypothesis 261
III Mechanisms that Underlie the Responses of Herbivores
to Vegetation Texture 272
IV Questions of Scale and Some Issues in
Experimental Design 280
viii
Contents
V A Plea for a Theory of Herbivore Search 281
VI, Final Remarks 285
References 286
9 Tracking Variable Host Plants in Space and Time
ROBERT F DENNO
I Introduction 291
II Natural History, Distribution, and Abundance of
Prokelisia morginato 295
III Wing Dimorphism in Prokelisia marginata Mechanisms of Its
Determination, and Correlates with Reproduction 297
IV Potential Competitors, Predators, and Parasites of
Prokelisia marginata 298
V Distribution, Structure, and Growth Dynamics of
Spartina alterniflora 301
VI Food Items, Patches, and Habitats as Levels of
Resource Organization 303
VII Microhabitat Distribution of Planthoppers on Grass Rosettes
and the Definition of Favorable Food Items 306
VIII Within-Habitat Variation in the Favorableness of Spartina alterniflora:
Differences in Patch Selection between Wing Forms 310
IX Between-Habitat Variation in the Favorableness of Spartina
alterniflora: Differences in Habitat Selection between
Wing Forms 316
X Geographic Differences in the Wing-Form Composition of
Prokelisia marginata Populations 325
XI Conclusions and General Considerations 332
References 335
10 Effects of Host-Plant Variability on the Fitness of Sedentary
Herbivorous Insects
RODGER MITCHELL
I Introduction 343
II Measuring the Effect of Adaptations on Fitness 345
III Examples 347
IV Discussion 366
References 368
Contents
ix
Part III Host Plants and Genetic Variation in Herbivore
Populations 371
11 Evolution of Feeding Specialization, Physiological Efficiency, and
Host Races in Selected Papilionidae and Saturniidae
J MARK SCRIBER
I Introduction: The Feeding-Specialization Hypothesis 373
II Conclusion 408
References 409
12 Adaptation, Host Specificity, and Gene Flow in the
Black Pineleaf Scale
D N ALSTAD AND G F EDMUNDS, JR
I Introduction 413
II Density Dependence 415
III How Does Colonizing Ability Vary with Density? 417
IV Survivorship Patterns Affect the Scale Sex Ratio 419
V A Genetic Model of Adaptation and Specificity 421
VI Discussion: Some Implications of Genetic Variation 423
References 426
13 An Evolutionary-Genetic View of Host-Plant Utilization
by Insects
CHARLES MITTER AND DOUGLAS J FUTUYMA
I Introduction 427
II Maintenance of Genetic Variation by Environmental Heterogeneity:
Theory 428
III Evidence 433
IV Summary and Concluding Remarks 453
References 455
Part IV Host Variability and the Structure of Plant-Herbivore
Communities 461
14 Individual, Population, and Geographic Patterns in Plant Defense
VERA ABER KRISCHIK AND ROBERT F DENNO
I Introduction 463
II Effects of Defoliation on Plant Fitness 465
X
Contents
III Value of Leaf Tissue to the Plant 470
IV Seasonal Change in Allocation to Growth, Defense,
and Reproduction 484
V Patterns of Allocation in Plant Morphs, Cultivars,
and Species 486
VI Differences in Leaf Defense between Plant Populations 492
VII Latitudinal, Altitudinal, and Island-Mainland Patterns
in Plant Defense 495
VIII Summary and Conclusion 497
References 501
15 Phytochemical Variation, Colonization, and
Insect Communities: The Case of Bracken Fern
(Pteridium aquilinum)
CLIVE G JONES
I Introduction 513
II Chemical Variation: Sources, Scales, and Impacts 514
III Bracken Defense and the Insect Community: An Overview 540
IV Summary and Conclusion 548
References 549
16 Hypotheses on Organization and Evolution in
Herbivorous Insect Communities
PETER W PRICE
I Introduction 559
II The Evolution of Specialists 561
III Hypotheses on Community Organization 565
IV Communities at Equilibrium or Nonequilibrium? 581
V The Role of Competition 583
VI Vacant Niches in Ecological and Evolutionary Time 584
VII Compound Communities 587
References 589
Part V Host Variability and Herbivore Pest
Management 597
17 Genetics of Plant-Herbivore Systems: Interactions between
Applied and Basic Study
FRED GOULD
I Introduction 599
xi
Current Procedures and Concepts in the Development and
Deployment of Resistant Varieties 600
Theoretical Considerations 603
Available Data on the Genetics of Plant-Herbivore
Interactions 614
The Need for Future Interaction between Resistance Breeders
and Evolutionary Biologists 644
References 646
18 Manipulation of Host Suitability for Herbivore Pest Management
/ DANIEL HARE
I Introduction 655
II Manipulation of the Suitability of Individual Host Plants 657
III Manipulation of the Spatial Variation in Host Suitability 665
IV Effects of Host-Plant Variation on the Parasitoids of
Phytophagous Insects 669
V Conclusions and Directions for Further Research 673
References 675
Index 681
Contents
II
III
IV |
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| spelling | Variable plants and herbivores in natural and managed systems ed. by Robert F. Denno ... New York u.a. Acad. Pr. 1983 XVI, 717 S. Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Insectes - Plantes-hôtes Insectes - Variation Insectes nuisibles, Lutte contre les Relations insecte-plante Variation (Botanique) Insect pests Control Insect-plant relationships Insects Host plants Insects Variation Plants Variation Pflanzen (DE-588)4045539-7 gnd rswk-swf Insekten (DE-588)4027110-9 gnd rswk-swf Pflanzenfressende Insekten (DE-588)4195374-5 gnd rswk-swf Wirtspflanzen (DE-588)4444525-8 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Pflanzenfressende Insekten (DE-588)4195374-5 s Wirtspflanzen (DE-588)4444525-8 s DE-604 Insekten (DE-588)4027110-9 s Pflanzen (DE-588)4045539-7 s Denno, Robert F. Sonstige oth HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=000046754&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Variable plants and herbivores in natural and managed systems Insectes - Plantes-hôtes Insectes - Variation Insectes nuisibles, Lutte contre les Relations insecte-plante Variation (Botanique) Insect pests Control Insect-plant relationships Insects Host plants Insects Variation Plants Variation Pflanzen (DE-588)4045539-7 gnd Insekten (DE-588)4027110-9 gnd Pflanzenfressende Insekten (DE-588)4195374-5 gnd Wirtspflanzen (DE-588)4444525-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4045539-7 (DE-588)4027110-9 (DE-588)4195374-5 (DE-588)4444525-8 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Variable plants and herbivores in natural and managed systems |
| title_auth | Variable plants and herbivores in natural and managed systems |
| title_exact_search | Variable plants and herbivores in natural and managed systems |
| title_full | Variable plants and herbivores in natural and managed systems ed. by Robert F. Denno ... |
| title_fullStr | Variable plants and herbivores in natural and managed systems ed. by Robert F. Denno ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Variable plants and herbivores in natural and managed systems ed. by Robert F. Denno ... |
| title_short | Variable plants and herbivores in natural and managed systems |
| title_sort | variable plants and herbivores in natural and managed systems |
| topic | Insectes - Plantes-hôtes Insectes - Variation Insectes nuisibles, Lutte contre les Relations insecte-plante Variation (Botanique) Insect pests Control Insect-plant relationships Insects Host plants Insects Variation Plants Variation Pflanzen (DE-588)4045539-7 gnd Insekten (DE-588)4027110-9 gnd Pflanzenfressende Insekten (DE-588)4195374-5 gnd Wirtspflanzen (DE-588)4444525-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Insectes - Plantes-hôtes Insectes - Variation Insectes nuisibles, Lutte contre les Relations insecte-plante Variation (Botanique) Insect pests Control Insect-plant relationships Insects Host plants Insects Variation Plants Variation Pflanzen Insekten Pflanzenfressende Insekten Wirtspflanzen Aufsatzsammlung |
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