British dogmatism and French pragmatism: central-local policymaking in the welfare state
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
London u.a.
Allen & Unwin
1982
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schriftenreihe: | The new local government series
22 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XVII, 406 S. |
| ISBN: | 0043520960 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
PREFACE
page xni
Strategies of Change: Local Reorganization in the Welfare
State 1
Central-Local Relations in the Welfare State 4
Basic organizational and constitutional differences; and their
roots in national political developments.
Organizational Differences: Networks versus Hierarchies 9
Differing effects of administrative development on central—local
relations. How national government aggregates local needs and
preferences.
Reforming Local Government: Reacting to Circumstances versus
Seizing Opportunities 12
Social and economic pressures for local reform. The evolution of
central and local functional responsibilities.
Centralization: Panacea or Polemic? 15
National differences in defining and conducting the debate on
the role of the state. The model of the subnational system and its
relation to the British and French political systems.
Breaking Ground: Two Paths from Monarchy to
Democracy
French Aristocracy and Local Administration
The seventeenth century origins of administrative complexity in
France. Intendants at work and monarchs disarmed.
Local Strength of British Aristocracy
The fortuitous harmony of interest of national and local
aristocrats and the subsequent stability of local politics.
Prefects and Commissioners: The Parting of the Ways
The foundations of central—local relations in the French
Revolution and First Empire; the early prefects. The Benthamites
and local reform; inspection by Commissioners as a control
without responsibility.
Testing the Waters: Early Political Adjustments
The uncertain future of democracy in France and its
central—local implications; the steady growth of democracy in
Britain and the 1888 Act as a consequence.
Resisting Change: Victorian Parliamentary and Municipal
Reform
The localities acquire secondary political importance in Britain;
the Municipal Reform Act of 1835.
33
34
37
41
49
53
viii
Contents
Local Politics and Republican France: Communal Self-Assertion 56
The important role of the communes in republican debate and
the Third Republic.
Localities in Victorian Britain: Political and Administrative
Subordination 59
The emergence of a two-party structure and the growth of
national government bypass local government and politics.
The Third and Fourth Republics: Mutual Dependence Confirmed 64
The critical importance of the communes in establishing French
democracy.
Late Victorian England: Protecting Parliamentary Prerogatives 68
Local reform dismissed from the national political agenda and
the reforms of the 1920s.
Subnational Politics and Policy Become a National Problem 71
How the development of the welfare state again made localities
vital partners of national policymakers.
3 Decisions and Non-decisions: Policy in the 1960s 85
The Fourth Republic Postpones Reorganization 86
How the French postponed because they liked the system as it
was.
Local Government Not a Labour Priority in Britain 88
How the British postponed because they were too busy.
Early Moves in France: Whether to Design New Territories 92
The continued importance of territorial reorganization; Claudius-
Petit and early regionalization policies.
Conservative Delaying Action in Britain 94
Reform becomes a partisan issue and the status quo reinforced.
Reorganizing Capital Cities: Administrative Needs Prevail 96
A clue to the future shape of reform; changes in London and
Paris to meet administrative imperatives.
Confronting the Issues: de Gaulle and Wilson 98
How the nationalization of policymaking led back to localities;
urban communities, communal syndicates in France.
Wilsonian Reorganization Strategy 104
The decision to appoint the Redcliffe-Maud Commission and the
reactions of Labour and Conservatives to the report.
Partial Solutions and Political Complexity in France 109
Fouchet and Marcellin attempt the easy path to local reform and
are repulsed by the communes. How both countries discover that
reforming local government is difficult.
4 The Political Connection: Can National Politics make
Local Policy? 126
Local Political Traditions: Do the Grassroots Have Blossoms? 131
Local politics in Britain and France from 1900; how the former
Contents
IX
is subordinated to the two-party structure and the latter
compensates for national party weaknesses.
National and Local Electoral Politics: Do They Mix?
How electoral procedures, party organization and public opinion
are detached from local politics in Britain; and integral to party
politics in France; the Senate and the communes.
Local Politics and National Policymaking: Do They Connect?
Local elections in Britain and France, and their meaning in
national politics. The nationalization of British local parties and
the segmentation of French local parties.
Local Politics and the Community in the Welfare State
How British local politics resists grassroots and voluntaristic
forces; and French local politics assimilates these forces for
change.
Can National Politics Make Structural Change?
How British politics assigns structural change to Parliament and
national parties; and why French politics cannot.
5 The Administrative Connection: How Administrators
Make Policy
A View from the Top: Administrative Structures in Britain and
France
The paradoxical effects on local policies of the insulation of the
British higher civil service and the exposure of the unified French
administration.
Administrative Influence: Relating National and Local Policy
Objectives
How the British ministerial and departmental structure excludes
local forces; the Consultative Council. How the French grands
corps embrace local forces; the planning exercises and the
communes.
Aggregating Local Decisions: Networks for What?
How national government may or may not learn about localities.
Corporate planning in Britain and its problems. The French
prefects and their problems.
The View from the Bottom: Do Local Decisions Affect the
Center?
Policymaking within British councils and French communes.
How French complicité affects national policy and British local
services have few bargaining devices.
Area versus Function: How to Enjoy Tension
How British national policymakers can still ignore local govern-
ment; Shore and organic reform’; Heseltine and the unitary
grant. Tension management as a form of integration; the French
Bonnet reforms of 1979—80.
Minimizing Intergovernmental Conflict: Governing the Welfare
State
Why influencing bureaucrats is the primary task of the welfare
137
146
161
165
186
189
194
207
215
222
227
X
Contents
state and its relation to local government. The ease of dismissing
intergovernmental problems in Britain: Kilbrandon and
devolution.
Organizational Complexity as an Administrative Control 233
On the importance of making life difficult for civil servants.
Why local government cannot help in Britain; and is essential in
France.
6 Fiscal Policy and Local Spending: The Double Squeeze 251
Historical Bases of Resource Allocation: Money and Politics Run
Deep 257
The origins of the British local tax structure and evolution of the
transfer. The curiosities of French local taxes and their reform
between 1966 and 1979.
Budget Struggles in the 1970s: Learning to Live with Less 280
The politics of local spending. The vulnerability of the British
system and cash limits in 1975; the Lay field Report ignored.
How French local tax reform helps mayors and national
government; the Bonnet law of 1979.
Bargaining Process or Knocking on the Treasury’s Door 290
How the British Rate Support Grant helps neither localities nor
the center to make better policies. How the French local fiscal
structure provides access to national decisions.
7 Controlling the Future: Capital Spending and Land Use 308
The National Interest in Capital Investment 309
The relevance of local investments to national policymaking, and
the British and French controls. Why British controls may be
more arbitrary than French Controls.
Planning Capital Expenditures: Who is Controlling Whom? 316
Loan sanctions and departmental targets in Britain. The
dotation globale d’équipement in France.
Regional Policy and Local Investment: Intergovernmental
Linkages 320
The simplification of intergovernmental investment plans to meet
Whitehall’s needs and its costs. The contractualization of local
investment in France.
Investment and Land: The Crucial Mix 329
How the centralized structure of British land-use planning may
be no plan at all and the ‘stop-and-go’ legislation. Efforts to
integrate land-use plans with investment targets and the revision
of zonal plans in France.
Investment Policies and Paying for Mistakes 337
On the necessity to integrate the use of public capital and the
essential role of local government.
8 Conclusion: Central—Local Politics in the Welfare State:
Indulgence or Necessity? 351
Contents xi
Structural Analysis and the Subnational System 352
Structural analysis applied to disaggregated decisions. Territorial
democracy and functional responsibility in the welfare state.
Adversarial requirements of British democracy and integrative
requirements of French democracy.
Policymaking and Comparative Politics 357
Policy analysis as an instrument to analyze central—local
relations. How the politics of local reform in Britain simplifies
local government problems and generates conflict while France
incorporates communes into the complexity of the welfare state.
Local Democracy: Dispersing Power in the Welfare State 362
How France accepts gradual change in order to accommodate
local politics. How Britain forces change in order to
accommodate national politics. Central—local interdependence in
the welfare state.
APPENDIX: BIBLIOGRAPHIC ESSAY AND RESEARCH GUIDANCE 370
INDEX 395
|
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| discipline | Politologie |
| edition | 1. publ. |
| format | Book |
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| spelling | Ashford, Douglas E. Verfasser aut British dogmatism and French pragmatism central-local policymaking in the welfare state 1. publ. London u.a. Allen & Unwin 1982 XVII, 406 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier The new local government series 22 Administration locale - France Administration locale - Grande-Bretagne Decentralisatie gtt Décentralisation administrative - France Décentralisation administrative - Grande-Bretagne Lokale overheden gtt Overheidsbeleid gtt Politik Decentralization in government France Decentralization in government Great Britain Local government France Local government Great Britain Kommunale Selbstverwaltung (DE-588)4073644-1 gnd rswk-swf France - Politique et gouvernement Grande-Bretagne - Politique et gouvernement Frankreich Großbritannien Frankreich (DE-588)4018145-5 gnd rswk-swf Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 gnd rswk-swf Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 g Kommunale Selbstverwaltung (DE-588)4073644-1 s Frankreich (DE-588)4018145-5 g DE-604 The new local government series 22 (DE-604)BV000003351 22 Digitalisierung UB Bamberg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=000011186&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Ashford, Douglas E. British dogmatism and French pragmatism central-local policymaking in the welfare state The new local government series Administration locale - France Administration locale - Grande-Bretagne Decentralisatie gtt Décentralisation administrative - France Décentralisation administrative - Grande-Bretagne Lokale overheden gtt Overheidsbeleid gtt Politik Decentralization in government France Decentralization in government Great Britain Local government France Local government Great Britain Kommunale Selbstverwaltung (DE-588)4073644-1 gnd |
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| title | British dogmatism and French pragmatism central-local policymaking in the welfare state |
| title_auth | British dogmatism and French pragmatism central-local policymaking in the welfare state |
| title_exact_search | British dogmatism and French pragmatism central-local policymaking in the welfare state |
| title_full | British dogmatism and French pragmatism central-local policymaking in the welfare state |
| title_fullStr | British dogmatism and French pragmatism central-local policymaking in the welfare state |
| title_full_unstemmed | British dogmatism and French pragmatism central-local policymaking in the welfare state |
| title_short | British dogmatism and French pragmatism |
| title_sort | british dogmatism and french pragmatism central local policymaking in the welfare state |
| title_sub | central-local policymaking in the welfare state |
| topic | Administration locale - France Administration locale - Grande-Bretagne Decentralisatie gtt Décentralisation administrative - France Décentralisation administrative - Grande-Bretagne Lokale overheden gtt Overheidsbeleid gtt Politik Decentralization in government France Decentralization in government Great Britain Local government France Local government Great Britain Kommunale Selbstverwaltung (DE-588)4073644-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Administration locale - France Administration locale - Grande-Bretagne Decentralisatie Décentralisation administrative - France Décentralisation administrative - Grande-Bretagne Lokale overheden Overheidsbeleid Politik Decentralization in government France Decentralization in government Great Britain Local government France Local government Great Britain Kommunale Selbstverwaltung France - Politique et gouvernement Grande-Bretagne - Politique et gouvernement Frankreich Großbritannien |
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