The Spanish anarchists and the Russian revolution, 1917-24: anguish and enthusiasm
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
London ; New York
Routledge
[2024]
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Routledge/Cañada Blanch studies on contemporary Spain
30 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Beschreibung: | 247 Seiten |
| ISBN: | 9781032535180 |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nam a2200000 cb4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV048929188 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 20240206 | ||
| 007 | t | ||
| 008 | 230505s2024 |||| 00||| eng d | ||
| 020 | |a 9781032535180 |q hbk. |9 978-1-032-53518-0 | ||
| 020 | |z 9781032535180 |9 978-1-03-253518-0 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)1401179610 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV048929188 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rda | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 049 | |a DE-11 |a DE-12 | ||
| 084 | |a OST |q DE-12 |2 fid | ||
| 084 | |a HIST |q DE-12 |2 fid | ||
| 084 | |a NQ 5070 |0 (DE-625)128534: |2 rvk | ||
| 084 | |a NQ 3640 |0 (DE-625)128416: |2 rvk | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Zoffmann Rodriguez, Arturo |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)123993825X |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a The Spanish anarchists and the Russian revolution, 1917-24 |b anguish and enthusiasm |c Arturo Zoffmann Rodriguez |
| 264 | 1 | |a London ; New York |b Routledge |c [2024] | |
| 300 | |a 247 Seiten | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 1 | |a Routledge/Cañada Blanch studies on contemporary Spain |v 30 | |
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1917-1924 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Rezeption |0 (DE-588)4049716-1 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Anarchismus |0 (DE-588)4001887-8 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Februarrevolution |g 1917 |0 (DE-588)4153812-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Oktoberrevolution |0 (DE-588)4043429-1 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 651 | 7 | |a Spanien |0 (DE-588)4055964-6 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Spanien |0 (DE-588)4055964-6 |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Anarchismus |0 (DE-588)4001887-8 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 2 | |a Rezeption |0 (DE-588)4049716-1 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 3 | |a Februarrevolution |g 1917 |0 (DE-588)4153812-2 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 4 | |a Oktoberrevolution |0 (DE-588)4043429-1 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 5 | |a Geschichte 1917-1924 |A z |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 775 | 0 | 8 | |i Äquivalent |n Druck-Ausgabe, Paperback |z 978-1-032-53522-7 |
| 776 | 0 | 8 | |i Erscheint auch als |n Online-Ausgabe |z 978-1-003-41246-5 |o 10.4324/9781003412465 |
| 830 | 0 | |a Routledge/Cañada Blanch studies on contemporary Spain |v 30 |w (DE-604)BV012882148 |9 30 | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034193169&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034193169&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Literaturverzeichnis |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034193169&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Register // Gemischte Register |
| 940 | 1 | |n oe | |
| 940 | 1 | |q BSB_NED_20240206 | |
| 940 | 1 | |q BSBWK1 | |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 909 |e 22/bsb |f 09042 |g 46 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 909 |e 22/bsb |f 09041 |g 471 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 909 |e 22/bsb |f 09041 |g 46 |
| 943 | 1 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-034193169 | |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1808866152609218560 |
|---|---|
| adam_text |
Contents Introduction 1 1 The three Bolshevik years I. Spain, the ‘Russia ofthe West’ 6 II. Europe burning on both ends 15 III. ‘Who, being an anarchist, did not call himself a Bolshevik? ’ 28 6 2 Negotiating Bolshevism, 1917-19 I. The transmission belts 43 II. From February to October 48 III. War, peace, and the International 52 IV. The soviets 63 V. The land and the factories 66 VI. Lenin, Trotsky, and the Bolshevik Party 75 VII. The dictatorship ofthe proletariat and the Civil War 84 43 3 Three missions /. The Comedia congress 103 II. The Borodin-Phillips mission 115 III. The Pestaha mission, 1920 124 IV. The Nin-Maurin mission, 1921 145 103 4 The experience of defeat I. The anti-Bolshevik turn ofthe anarchists, 1921-22 168 II. Communist-syndicalism, 1922-24 193 168 5 Conclusion 225 Bibliography Index 229 241
Bibliography Archives Archivio Centrale dello Stato (ACS, Rome) Archives Nationales de France (ANF, Paris) Archive Historico Nacional (AHN, Madrid) Archivo Historico del PCE (AHPCE, Madrid) Fundaciôn Pablo Iglesias (FPI, Alcala de Henares) International Institute of Social History (IISH, Amsterdam) Nuffield College Archive (NCA, Oxford) Pelai Pagès i Blanch Personal Archive (PPBPA, Barcelona) Real Academia de Historia (RAH, Madrid) Rossiiskii Gosudarstvennyi Arkhiv Sotsial’no-Politicheskoi Istorii (RGASPI, Moscow) Rose Library Archive (RL, Emory University, Atlanta) Contemporary press andperiodicals Action Sindicalista (Valencia) Action Social Obrera (Sant Feliu de Guixols) LaAntorcha (Madrid) Bandeira Vermelha (Lisbon) Bandera Roja: hoja anarquista (Barcelona) A Batalha (Lisbon) La Batalla (Barcelona) Bulletin du Premier Congrès International des Syndicats Révolutionnaires (Moscow) La Correspondencia de Espana (Madrid) Comunismo Libertario (Alcoi) El Comunista (La Felguera) El Comunista (Zaragoza) Diario de Cortes (Madrid) La Epoca (Madrid) Espana (Madrid) Espana Libre (New York) Lucha Social (Lleida) Nueva Espana (Gijon) Nueva Senda (Madrid) L 'Opinio (Barcelona) Pravda (Moscow) La Publicidad (Barcelona) Redendem (Alcoi) Renovation (Madrid) Die rote Gewerkschaftsinternationale (Berlin) El Socialista (Madrid) El Sol (Madrid) Solidaridad Obrera (Barcelona) Solidaridad Obrera (Bilbao) Solidaridad Obrera (Seville) Solidaridad Obrera (Valencia) El Soviet (Madrid) Suplemento de Solidaridad Obrera (Barcelona)
230 Bibliography Espana Nueva (Madrid) Espartaco (Madrid) Gaceta de Madrid (Madrid) El Heraldo de Madrid (Madrid) La Lectura (Madrid) Le Libertaire (Paris) El Libertario (Barcelona) El Liberal (Bilbao) Lucha Obrera (Barcelona) El Maximalista (Barcelona) Tierra y Libertad (Barcelona) Union Obrera (Barcelona) Vida Obrera (Gijôn) La Vie Ouvrière (Paris) La Voz del Campesino (Jerez de la Frontera) Voluntad (Barcelona) Published primary sources Andrade, Juan, Recuerdos Personales (Barcelona: Serbal, 1983) Bakunin, Mikhail, On the Programme of the Alliance (1871) https://www.marxists.org/ reference/archive/bakunin/works/1871 /program.htm [Accessed: 27/03/2016] Baratech Alfaro, F., Los sindicatos libres: su origen, su actuaciôn, su ideario (Barcelona: Cortel, 1927) Bark, Ernesto, El bolcheviquismo en Espana: la verdad sobre Rusia y el sindicalismo y la democracia mundial (no place: no date) De Bellmunt, Domènec, Homes de la terra (Barcelona: Catalonia, 1935) Berkman, Alexander, The Bolshevik Myth (diary: 1920-1922): Including the ‘anti-climax’ (London: Pluto, 1989) Borghi, Armando, Mezzo secolo di anarchia (Naples: Edizioni Scientifiche, 1954) Borghi, Armando, Vivere da anarchici (Bologna: Alfa, 1966) Buenacasa, Manuel, El movimiento obrero espanol, 1886-1926: historiay critica, (Madrid: Jùcar, 1977) Bueso, Adolfo, Comofundamos la CNT (Barcelona: Avance, 1976) Bueso, Adolfo, Recuerdos de un cenetista (Barcelona: Ariel, 1976) Bujarin, Nikolai, El ABC del comunismo (Madrid: America, 1920). Bujarin, Nikolai, Elprograma de los bolcheviques (Madrid: America, 1920) Bullejos, José, La
Comintern en Espana: recuerdos de mi vida (Mexico: Impresiones Modernas, 1972) De Burgos y Mazo, Manuel, El verano de 1919 en Gobernaciôn (Cuenca: Pinôs, 1921) De Burgos y Mazo, Manuel, Paginas histôricas de 1917 (Madrid: Nûnez Samper, 1918) Calleja, Rafel, Rusia: espejo saludableparapobresy ricos (Madrid: Jiménez y Molina, 1920) Cambô, Francesc, Memories: 1876-1936 (Barcelona: Alpha, 1981) Comicios histôricos del movimiento sindicalista espanol: memoria del congreso de sociedades obreras de la region catalana, celebrado los dias 28, 29 y 30 de junto, y 1 de julio de 1918 (Barcelona: CNT, 1965) Denjean, François, ‘The Paralysis of Government in Spain’, Looking Forward (November 1921) Diaz del Moral, Juan, Historia de las agitaciones campesinas andaluzas: antécédentes para una reforma agraria (Madrid: Alianza, 1973) Dos Passos, John, Rosinante on the Road again (New York: G. H. Doran, 1922) Elorrieta y Artaza, Tomâs, El movimiento bolchevista (Madrid: Jaime Ratés, 1919) Engels, Friedrich and Marx, Karl, ‘The Bakuninists at Work’ (1873) http://www.marxists. org/archive/marx/works/1873/bakunin/ [Accessed: 19/02/2016]
Bibliography 231 Fischer, Louis, Men and Politics: An Autobiography (New York: Sloan and Pearce, 1941) Foix, Pere, Apostols i mercaders: quaranta anys de lluita social a Catalunya (Barcelona: Nova Terra, 1976) Garcia Oliver, Juan, El eco de los pasos: el anarcosindicalismo en la calle, en el Comité de Milicias, en el gobierno, en el exilio (Barcelona: Ruedo Ibérico, 1978) Gasset y Chinchilla, Rafael, La humanidad insumisa: La revolucion rusa. El problema social en Espana (Madrid: n. p. 1920) Gorkin, Julian, Elrevolucionarioprofesional: testimonio de un hombre de action (Barcelona: Aymâ, 1975) Humbert-Droz, Jules, Mémoires (Neuchâtel: La Baconnière, 1969) Ibânez, Jesùs, Laplumaylapistola (1945) http://www.fundanin.org/burgos3.htm [Accessed: 23/02/2015] Institute de reformas sociales, Movimientos de precios al por menor en Espaha durante la guerray la post-guerra, 1914-1922 (Madrid: Minuesa de los Rios, 1923) Jesùs Ibânez, Memorias de mi cadaver: novela encajada (Mexico: El libro perfecto, 1946) Joaquin Maurin, Recuerdos (1975) https://www.marxists.org/espanol/maurin/1972.htm [Accessed: 11/04/2017] Jordân, Francisco, La dictadura delproletariado (Mexico: Mundial, 1922) Kanatchikov, Semën, A Radical Worker in Tsarist Russia: The Autobiography of Semen Ivanovich Kanatchikov (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1986) Kautsky, Karl, Terrorism and Communism (1919) https://www.marxists.org/archive/ kautsky/1919/terrcomm/ch08.htm [Accessed: 19/04/18] Kerenski, A., El bolchevismo y su obra (Madrid: no publisher, no date) Kroptokin, Pëtr, ‘Letter to the Workers of Western Europe’
(1919) https://www.marxists.org/ reference/archive/kropotkin-peter/191 Os/19_04_28.htm [Accessed: 04/09/2018] Kropotkin, Pëtr, The Spirit ofRevolt ( 1880) http://dwardmac.pitzer.edu/Anarchist_Archives/ kropotkin/spiritofrevolt.html [Accessed: 30/03/2015] Lenin, Vladimir, ‘Correcting the Policy and Partly Also the Composition of the Parties Which Have Joined or Wish to Join the Communist International’, in Jane Degras (editor), The Communist International: Documents (1919-1943) (London: Frank Cass, 1971), 127 Lenin, Vladimir, Democracia burguesa y democracia proletaria: el Estado y la revolucion (no place: América, 1920) Lenin, Vladimir, La revolucion y el Estado: ensenanzas mdximas acerca del Estado y el deber delproletariado en la revolucion (Valencia: Cervantes, 1920) Lenin, Vladimir, Left-wing Communism: An Infantile Disorder (1920) https://www. marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1920/lwc/ [Accessed: 04/02/2017] Lenin, Vladimir, The State and Revolution (1917) https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/ works/1917/staterev/ [Accessed: 18/12/2016] Lippmann, Walter and Merz, Charles, ‘A Test of the News: An Examination of the News Reports in the New York Times on Aspects of the Russian Revolution of Special Importance to Americans’, A Supplement to The New Republic (04/08/1920) Lorenzo, Anselmo, El proletariado militante: Memorias de un internacionalista (Madrid: Alianza, 1974) Lozovsky, Solomon, Les syndicats et la révolution (Paris: ISR, 1922) Madrid, Francisco, Ocho meses y un dla en el gobierno civil de Barcelona: confesiones y testimonios (Barcelona: La Flecha, 1932)
Maksimov, Grigori, Za chto i как bol ’sheviki izgnali anarkhistov (Berlin: no publisher, 1922) Maurin, Joaquin, El Bloque Obrero y Campesino: origen, actividad, perspectivas (Barce lona: CIG, 1932)
232 Bibliography Maurin, Joaquin, Hombres e Historia (1961) http://www.fundanin.org/maur%EDn9.htm [Accessed: 15/03/2015] Maurin, Joaquin, L’anacho-syndicalisme en Espagne (Paris: ISR, 1924) Maurin, Joaquin, Revolution y contrarrevoluciôn en Espana (Paris: Ruedo Ibérico, 1966) Maurin, Joaquin, El Sindicalismo a la luz de la Revoluciôn Rusa (Lleida: Lucha Social, 1922) Maximoff, George, The Guillotine at Work. Twenty Years of Terror in Russia (Chicago: Aleksander Berkman Fund, 1940) Memoria del congreso celebrado en el teatro de la Comedia de Madrid los dias 10 al 18 de Diciembre de 1919 (Barcelona: Cosmos, 1932) Minutes of the Second Congress of the Communist International (1920) https://www.marxists.org/history/international/comintern/2nd-congress/index.htm [Accessed: 12/01/2016] Monatte, Pierre, Syndicalisme révolutionnaire et communisme : Les archives de Pierre Monatte (Paris: Maspero, 1968) Murphy, John Thomas, New Horizons (London: Bodly Head, 1941) Nin, Andreu, La revolution rusa (Barcelona: Fontamara, 1978) Nin, Andreu, Las organizaciones obreras internationales (Madrid: De la Torre, 1977) Ortega y Gasset, José, Invertebrate Spain (London: Allen Unwin, 1937) Orwell, George, Homage to Catalonia (London: Penguin, 2000) Peirats, José, Figuras del movimiento libertario espahol (Barcelona: Picazo, 1978) Pérez Baro, Albert, Els “feliços” anys vint: memories d’un militant obrer (Palma de Mallorca: Moll, 1977) Pérez Solis, Oscar, Memorias de mi amigo Oscar Perea (Madrid: Renacimiento, 1931) Pestana, Angel, Conferencia Sindicalista dada por Angel Pestana en el teatro la
Comedia de Madrid el dla 3 de Octubre de 1919 (Madrid: n. p., 1919) Pestana, Angel, Consideraciones y juicios acerca de la Tercera International: Segunda parte de la memoria presentada al Comité de la Confederation National del Trabajo (Madrid: ZYX, 1968). Pestana, Angel, Memoria que al Comité de la Confederation National del Trabajo, présenta de su gestion en el II Congreso de la Tercera International (Madrid: Nueva Senda, 1922). Pestana, Angel, Lo que aprendi en la vida (Murcia: Zero, 1971). Pestana, Angel, Setenta dias en Rusia: Lo que yо pienso (Madrid: Antonio Lôpez, 1924) Pestana, Angel, Setenta dias en Rusia: Lo queyo vi (Madrid: Tinta profana, 2013) Preobrazhensky, Yevgeni, Anarquismo y Comunismo (Mexico: FES, 2014) De Quiros, Bernaldo, El espartaquismo agrario andaluz (no place: no publisher, 1919) Résolutions et statuts adoptés au 1er congrès international des syndicats révolutionnaires, Moscow, 3-19juillet 1921 (Paris: ISR, 1921) Rocker, Rudolf, Revoluciôn y regresiôn (Buenos Aires: Tupac, 1952) Rosmer, Alfred, Lenin’s Moscow (London: Pluto Press, 1971) Roy, Μ. Nath, Memoirs (Bombay: Allied Publishers, 1964) Royo Villanova, Antonio, Bolchevismo y sindicalismo: conferencia, 20 de diciembre 1919 (Madrid: Reus, 1920) Saldana, Quintiliano (editor), La Revolution rusa: la constitution del 10 de julio de 1918 (Madrid: Reus, 1919) Schärf, Jacques (editor), Rapports sur le mouvement communiste international présentés au deuxième congrès de l'International Communiste, Moscou 1920 (Milan: Feltrinelli, 1967) Segui, Salvador, Articulas madrilehos de Salvador Segui (Madrid:
Edicusa, 1976) Segui, Salvador, Escrits (Barcelona: Edicions 62, 1975) Serge, Victor, Les anarchistes et l’expérience de la révolution russe (1920) https://www. marxists.org/francais/serge/works/1920/08/exprevrusse.htm [Accessed: 04/06/2018]
Bibliography 233 Serge, Victor, Memoirs of a Revolutionary (New York: NYRB, 2012) Shipman, Charles, It Had to Be a Revolution: Memoirs of an American Radical (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1993) Sorel, Georges, Reflections on Violence (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999). Souchy, Augustin, A ttention anarchiste! Une vie pour la liberté : mémoires (Paris: Libertaire, 2006). Tasin, N., La dictadura del proletariado: segun Marx, Engels, Kautsky, Bernstein, Axelrod, Lenin, Trotzky y Baiter (Madrid: Biblioteca Nueva, 1919) Trotski, Leon, El triunfo del bolchevismo: con una semblanza del autor, sus impresiones de Espahay su actitud respecta a la Internacional (Madrid: Biblioteca Nueva, 1918) Trotsky, Leon, Mis peripecias en Espana (Salamanca: no editor, 1997) Trotsky, Leon, My Life (1930) https://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/1930/mylife/index. htm [Accessed: 15/12/2018] Trotsky, Leon, Terrorismo y comunismo (Madrid: Biblioteca Nueva, 1920) Vallina, Pedro, Mis memorias (Caracas: Tierra y Libertad, 1968) Viadiu, José, Figuras de la revolution espanola: Salvador Segui, Noy del Sucre (Toulouse: Universe, 1950) Viadiu, José, Salvador Segui (“Noy del Sucre ’’). El hombre y sus ideas (Valencia: Cuadernos de cultura, 1930) Published secondary sources Agnew, James and McDermott, Kevin, The Comintern: A History of International Communism from Lenin to Stalin (Basignstoke: MacMillan, 1996) Aisa, Ferran, El laberint roig: Victor Colomer i Joaquim Maurin mestres i revolucionaris (Lleida: Pagès, 2005) Aizpuru, Mikel, ‘La expulsiôn refugiados desde Espana en 1919: exiliados
rusos y de otros paises’, Migrations y exilios, vol. 11 (2010), 107-26 Alba, Victor (editor), Andreu Nin i el socialisme (Barcelona: UB, 1998) Alba, Victor, Dos revolucionarios: Joaquin Maurin, Andreu Nin (Madrid: Seminarios y Ediciones, 1975) Albinana, Antonio and Arancibia, Mercedes, ‘La ùltima entrevista con Gaston Levai’, Tiempo de Historia (September 1978), 10-21 Alvarez Junco, José, La ideologiapolitica del anarquismo espahol, 1868-1910 (Barcelona: Siglo XXI 1976) Anderson, Benedict, Under Three Flags: Anarchism and the Anti-Colonial Imagination (London: Verso, 2005) Antonioli, Maurizio, Armando Borghi e I ’Unione sindacale italiana (Manduria: Lacaita, 1990) Arranz Notario, Luis, ‘La ruptura del PSOE y la crisis de la Restauration’, in Santos Julia (editor), El Socialismo en Espana desde lafundaciôn del PSOE hasta 1975 (Madrid: FPI, 1986), 161-89 Avilés Farré, Juan, La fe que vino de Rusia: la revolution bolchevique y los espaholes, 1917-1931 (Madrid: UNED, 1999) Avrich, Paul, The Russian Anarchists (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1967) Baer, James, Anarchist Immigrants in Spain and Argentina (Urbana: Illinois University Press, 2015) Balcells, Albert, El sindicalismo en Barcelona, 1916-1923 (Barcelona: Nova Terra, 1968) Bantman, Constance, The French Anarchists in London, 1880-1914: Exile and Transnation alism in the First Globalisation (Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2013)
234 Bibliography Bar, Antonio, La CNT en los anos rojos: del sindicalismo revolucionario al anarcosindicalismo, 1910-1926 (Madrid: Akai, 1981) Beetham, David (editor), Marxists in the Face ofFascism: Writings by Marxists on Fascism in the Inter-War Period (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1983) Beltran Dengra, Juan, ‘La opinion sobre la revolucion mexicana en la prensa anarquista espanola, 1911-1917’, Espiral, vol. 14:41 (April 2008), 169-205 Bengoechea, Soledad, El locaut de Barcelona (1919-1920): Els precedents de la dictadura de Primo de Rivera (Barcelona: Curial, 1998) Bengoechea, Soledad, Organitzacio patronal i conflictivitat social a Catalunya: tradiciö i corporativisme entre finals de segle i la Dictadura de Primo de Rivera (Abadia de Mont serrat: Abadia de Montserrat, 1994) Bizcarrondo, Marta and Elorza, Antonio, Queridos camaradas: La Internacional Comunista y Espana, /9/9-/939 (Barcelona: Planeta, 1999) Bookchin, Murray, Los anarquistas espanoles: los anos heroicos, 1863-1936 (Barcelona: Grijalbo, 1980) Brenan, Gerald, The Spanish Labyrinth: An Account ofthe Social and Political Background of the Civil War (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009) Brown, Archie, The Rise and Fall of Communism (New York: Bodley Head, 2010) Castillo, Santiago, Historia de la Union General de Trabajadores (Madrid: Union, 1998) Cerrito, Gino, Il ruolo dell ’organizzazione anarchica: L ’efficientismo organizzativo, ilproblema della minoranza, il periodo transitorio, classismo e umanesimo (Catania: RL, 1973) Cobo Romero, Francisco, ‘The “Red Dawn” of the Andalusian
Countryside: Peasant Pro test during the “Bolshevik Triennium”, 1918-1920’, in Francisco Romero Salvadô and Angel Smith (editors), The Agony of Spanish Liberalism: From Revolution to Dictator ship, 1913-1923 (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2010), 121-45 Cole, G. D. H., A History ofSocialist Thought, vol. 4 (London: MacMillan, 1955) Cruz Martinez, Rafael, ‘La organizaciôn del PCE (1920-1934)’, Estudios de historia social, vol. 31 (1984), 55-63 Dalmau, Antoni, Per la cauas dels humils: una biografia de Tarrida del Mdrmol (Barcelona: Abadia de Montserrat, 2015) Dam’e, Vadim, Zabytii Internatsional: Mezhdunarodnoe anarkho-sindikalistskoe dvizhenie mezhdu dvumya mirovymi voinami (Moscow: NLO, 2006) Darlington, Ralph, Syndicalism and the Transition to Communism: An International Com parative Analysis (Aidershot: Ashgate, 2008) David-Fox, Michael, Showcasing the Soviet Experiment: Cultural Diplomacy Western Visitors to the Soviet Union, 1921-1941 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012). Degras, Jane, The Communist International, 1919-1943 (London: Oxford University Press, 1956) Deutscher, Isaac, Heretics and Renegades and Other Essays (London: Hamilton, 1955) Deutscher, Isaac, The Prophet Armed: Trotsky, 1879-1921 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1970) Diez, Xavier, El pensament politic de Salvador Segui (Barcelona: Virus, 2016) Durgan, Andy, Comunismo, revolucion y movimiento obrero en Catalunya 1920—1936: Los origenes del POUM (Barcelona: Laertes, 2016) Ealham, Chris, Anarchism and the City: Revolution and Counterrevolution in Barcelona, 1898-1937 (Edinburgh: AK Press, 2010) Ealham,
Chris, ‘An Impossible Unity: Revolution, Reform, and Counterrevolution and the Spanish Left, 1917-1923’, in Francisco Romero Salvadô and Angel Smith (editors), The Agony of Spanish Liberalism: From Revolution to Dictatorship, 1913—1923 (Basing stoke: Palgrave, 2010)
Bibliography 235 Ealham, Chris, Class, Culture and Conflict in Barcelona, 1898-1937 (London: Routledge, 2005) Ealham, Chris, ‘“De la cima al abismo”: las contradicciones entre el individualism y el colectivismo en el anarquismo espafiol’, in Paul Preston et al. (editors), La Republica asediada: hostilidad international y conflictos internos durante la Guerra Civil (Barcelona: Peninsula, 1999), 227-71 Ealham, Chris, ‘La historiografia reciente sobre la Guerra Civil: el rigor histôrico contra el rigor mortis. Cuando el “revisionismo” no es mâs que la vuelta a los mitos de ayer expresados con la voz indignada del pasado’, Pasadoy memoria, vol. 7 (2008), 287-306 Eley, Geoff and Nield, Keith, ‘Why Does Social History Ignore Politics?’, Social History, vol. 5:2 (May 1980), 249-71 Fedele, Santi, Una breve Ulus tone: gli anarchici italiani e la Russia soviètica, 1917-1939 (Milan: Angeli, 1996) Forcadell, Carlos, Parlamentarismo y bolchevizaciön: el movimiento obrero espanol, 1914-1918 (Barcelona: Critica 1978) Forti, Steven, El peso de la nation: Nicola Bombacci, Paul Marion y Oscar Pérez Solis en la Europa de entreguerras (Santiago de Compostela: Universidad de Santiago de Com postela, 2015) Garner, Jason, Goals and Means: Anarchism, Syndicalism, and Internationalism in the Ori gins ofthe Federation Anarquista Ibérica (Chico: AK, 2016) Garner, Jason, ‘Separated by an “ideological chasm”: The Spanish National Labour Confed eration and Bolshevik Internationalism, 1917-1922’, Contemporary European History, vol. 15:3 (August 2006), 293-326 Gerbaudo, Paolo, The Mask and the Flag:
Populism, Citizenism and Global Protest (London: Oxford University Press, 2017) Gerwarth, Robert and Horne, John (editors), War in Peace: Paramilitary Violence in Europe after the Great War (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013) Gilly, Adolfo, La Revolution interrumpida: México, 1910-1920 (Mexico: El Caballito, 1978) Goodwin, James, Confronting Dovskoevskys Demons: Anarchism and the Spectre of Bakunin in Twentieth Century Russia (New York: Peter Lang, 2010) Gonzalez Fernandez, Angeles, Utopiay realidad: anarquismo, anarcosindicalismoy organizaciones obreras. Sevilla, 1900-1923 (Seville: Diputaciôn, 1996) Gorsuch, Anne E., ‘NEP be damned! Young Militants in the 1920s and the Culture of Civil War’, Russian Review, vol. 56:4 (October: 1997), 564-80 Graeber, David, The Democracy Project: A History, a Crisis, a Movement (London: Allen Lane, 2014) Halfin, Igai, From darkness to light: class, consciousness and salvation in revolutionary Russia (Pittsburgh: Pittsburgh University Press, 2000) Heywood, Paul, Marxism and the Failure of Organised Socialism in Spain (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990) Hobsbawm, Eric, Primitive Rebels: Studies in Archaic Forms ofProtest in the 19th and 20th Centuries (Manchester: Machester University Press, 1959) Hobsbawm, Eric, Revolucionarios (Barcelona: Critica, 2010) James, C. L. R., World Revolution, 1917—1936: The Rise and Fall of the Communist Inter national (Durham: Duke University Press, 2017) Kaplan, Temma, Anarchists of Andalusia, 1868-1903 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1977) Kaplan, Temma, Red City, Blue Period: Social
Movements in Picasso 's Barcelona (Berkeley: California University Press, 1992)
236 Bibliography Kem, Robert, Red Years/Black Years: A Political History ofSpanish Anarchism, 1911-1937 (Philadelphia: ISHI, 1978) Kirschenbaum, Lisa, ‘Michael Gruzenberg / Mikhail Borodin: The Making of an Interna tional Communist’, in Choi Chatterjee et al. (editors.), The Global Impacts of Russia’s Great War and Revolution, Book 2: The Wider Arc of Revolution, Part 1 ( Bloomington IN: Slavica Publishers, 2019), 337-65. Kern, Robert, ‘The Revolutionary Left in Spain, 1914-1923’ (book review), International Labour and Working-Class History, no. 9 (May 1976), 38-39 Lacomba, Juan Antonio, La crisis espanola de 1917 (Madrid: Ciencia Nueva, 1970) Leon Ignacio, Jacinto, Los anos del pistolerismo: ensayo para la guerra civil (Barcelona: Planeta, 1981) De Lera, Àngel Maria, Angel Pestana: retrato de un anarquista (Barcelona: Argos, 1978) Levy, Carl, ‘Anarchism and Leninist Communism: 1917 and All That’, Socialist History, vol. 52 (2017), 85-94 Maestro Bäcksbacka, Javier, ‘La revoluciôn rusa en la prensa espanola de 1917’, in Pelai Pagès and Pepe Gutierrez (editors), La revoluciôn pasô рог aqul (Barcelona: Laertes, 2017), 41-52 Malefakis, Edward, Agrarian Reform and Peasant Revolution in Spain: Origins ofthe Civil War (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1970) Marinello Bonnefoy, Juan Cristobal, 'Sindicalismo y violencia en Barcelona durante la Primera Guerra Mundial’, in Assumpta Castillo Caniz, David Alegre Lorenzo, Miguel Alonso Ibarra (editors), Mirar al pasado etiempos de crisis: historia social, conflicto y cultura de masas, vol. 3 (Barcelona: UAB, 2015), 285-99 Marinello
Bonnefoy, Juan Cristobal, ‘Los atentados sociales y el surgimiento de la violencia individualizada en los conflictos laborales de Barcelona, 1902-1917’, Segle XX, vol. 9 (2016), 25-50. Martin, Benjamin, The Agony of Modernization: Labor and Industrialization in Spain (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1990) Matthews, Matthews, ‘Battling Bolshevik Bogeymen: Spain’s Cordon Sanitaire against Revolution from a European Perspective, 1917-1923’, The Journal of Military History, vol. 80 (July 2016), 725-55 McGuire, Elizabeth, Red at Heart: How Chinese Communists Fell in Love with the Russian Revolution (New York: Oxford University Press, 2017) Meaker, Gerald, The Revolutionary Left in Spain, 1914-1923 (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1974) Mintz, Jerome R., The Anarchists ofCasas Viejas (Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1982) Monjo, Anna, Militants: Democràcia i participation a la CNT als anys trenta (Barcelona: Laertes, 2003) Montseny, Federica, Mis primeras cuarenta anos (Barcelona: Plaza Janés, 1987) Pagès i Blanch, Pelai, Andreu Nin, una vida al servicio de la close obrera (Barcelona: Laertes, 2011) Pagès i Blanch, Pelai and Martinez de Sas, Maria Teresa (editors), Diccionari biogràfic del moviment obrer als païssos catalans (Barcelona: Abadia de Montserrat, 2000) Pagès i Blanch, Pelai, ‘El impacto de la revoluciôn rusa en el movimiento obrere espanol’, in Pelai Pagès and Pepe Gutierrez (editors), La revoluciôn rusapasôpor aqul (Barcelona: Laertes, 2017), 13-39 Paniagua, Xavier, ‘La visiô de Gaston Levai de laRûssia soviètica el 1921 ’, Recerques, vol. 3, n. 13 (1974),
199-224.
Bibliography 237 Di Paola, Pietro, The Knights Errant ofAnarchy: London and the Italian Anarchist Diaspora (1880-1917) (Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2013) Paz, Abel, Durruti: el proletariado en armas (Barcelona: Bruguera, 1978) Peirats, José, La CNT en la revolution espahola (Paris: Ruedo Ibérico, 1971) Peirats, José, Los anarquistas en la crisis politico espahola (Buenos Aires: Alfa, 1964) Pérez Ledesma, Manuel, El pensamiento socialista espahol a comienzos de siglo (Madrid: Ediciones del Centro, 1975) Pons, Silvio, The Global Revolution: An International History of Communism (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014) Porter, David, ‘French Anarchists and the Continuing Power of 1968’, Modern and Contemporary France, vol. 24:2 (May 2016), 143-59 Priestland, David, The Red Flag: Communism and the Making of the Mondern World (New York: Penguin, 2009) Puigsech, Josep, La revolucio russa i Catalunya, 1917-1939 (Vic: Eumo, 2017) Purkiss, Richard, Democracy, Trade Unions, and Political Violence in Spain: The Valencian Anarchist Movement, 1918-1936 (Brighton: Sussex Academic Press, 2011) Rabinowitch, Alexander, The Bolsheviks in Power: The First Year ofSoviet Rule in Petrograd (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2008) Rapp-Lantaron, E., ‘Vliyanie velikoi oktiabrskoi sotsialistichskoi revoliutsii podem v Ispanii v 1918—1920’, in Ivan Maiskii (editors), Problemy rabochego i antifashistskogo dvizhenii v Ispanii (Moscow. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1960), 75-89 Rees, Tim, ‘Deviation and Discipline: Anti-Trotskyism, Bolshevization and the Spanish Communist Party, 1924—34’, Historical
Research, vol. 82:215 (2009), 131-56 Rees, Tim, “‘Not Completely Communist”: Regionalism and the Spanish Communist Party, 1920-1941’, Twentieth Century Communism, vol. 5 (2013), 85—103 Rees, Tim and Thorpe, Andrew, International Communism and the Communist International, 1919-1943 (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1998) Riottot, Yveline, Joaquin Maurin : de Гanarcho-syndicalisme au communisme (Paris: L’Harmattan, 1997) Riottot, Yveline, Joaquin Maurin, о la utopia desarmada (Zaragoza: Diputaciôn General, 2004) Rodés, Jesùs, ‘El socialisme català i larevoluciô soviètica’, L'Avenç, vol. 9 (October 1978) Romero Salvadô, Francisco, ‘Between the Catalan Quagmire and the Red Spectre, Spain, November 1918-April 1919’, Historical Journal, vol. 60:3 (September 2017), 795-815 Romero Salvadô, Francisco, ‘The Comintern fiasco in Spain: The Borodin Mission and the Birth of the Spanish Communist Party’, Revolutionary Russia, vol. 21:2 (November 2008), 153-77 Romero Salvadô, Francisco, The Foundations of Civil War: Revolution, Social Conflict and Reaction in Liberal Spain, 1916-1923 (London: Routledge, 2008) Romero Salvadô, Francisco, Political Comedy and Social Tragedy: Spain, a Laboratory of Social Conflict, 1892-1921 (Brighton: Liverpool University Press, 2020) Romero Salvadô, Francisco, Spain, 1914-1918: Between War and Revolution (London: Routledge 1999) Romero Salvadô, Francisco, ‘Spain’s Revolutionary Crisis of 1917: A Reckless Gamble’, in Francisco Romero Salvadô and Angel Smith (editors), The Agony ofSpanish Liberalism: From Revolution to Dictatorship, 1917—1923
(Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2010), 62-91 Santos Santos, Maria Cruz, ‘Hace cien anos, la CNT y el congreso de Sants: la respuesta sindical a los nuevos desafios del capitalism©’, Viento Sur (07/12/2018) Sennett, Alan, Revolutionary Marxism in Spain, 1930-1937 (Leiden: Brill, 2014)
238 Bibliography Sennikov, Egor, ‘Bol’shoi razgovor: Boris Kolonitskii’, Republic, 24 November 2017. Published online, https://republic.ru/posts/87949?code=a52aal8a0bl393896edec043152 6106f [Accessed: 04/03/2018] Serge, Victor, Year One ofthe Russian Revolution (London: Pluto Press, 1992) Service, Robert, Comrades! A World History of Communism (London: MacMillan, 2007). Shubin, Alexandr, Makhno i ego vremia: о Velikoi revoliutsii i grazhdanskoi voine, 1917—1922gg. V Rossii i na Ukraine (Moscow: URSS, 2015) Simeon Riera, Daniel, Entre la rebellia i la tradiciô: Lliria durant la Republica i la Guerra Civil (1931-1939) (Valencia: Diputacio València, 1993) Sledzkine, Yuri, The House of Government: A Saga of the Russian Revolution (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2017) Smith, Angel, Anarchism, Revolution and Reaction: Catalan Labor and the Crisis of the Spanish State, 1898-1923 (New York: Berghahn, 2007) Smith, Angel, ‘From Subordination to Contestation: The Rise of Labour in Barcelona, 1898— 1918’, in Angel Smith (editor), Red Barcelona: Social Protest and Labour Mobilization in the Twentieth Century (London: Routledge, 2002), 17-43 Smith, Stephen A. (editor), The Oxford Handbook of the History of Communism (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014). Smith, Stephen A., Revolution and the People in Russia and China: A Comparative History (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008) Smith, Stephen A., Russia in Revolution: An Empire in Crisis, 1890-1928 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017) Solano, Wilebaldo, The Life ofAndreu Nin (Leeds: ILP, 1974) Souvlis, George;
Zoffmann Rodriguez, Arturo and Smith, S. A., ‘Interview with S. A. Smith’, Revolutionary Russia (October 2018) Steinberg, Mark D., Proletarian Imagination: Self Modernity, and the Sacred in Russia, 1910-1925 (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2002) Taibo II, Paco Ignacio, Que sean fuego las estrellas: Barcelona (1917-1923) (Barcelona: Critica, 2016) Telo, Antonio José, Decadència e queda da Republica portuguesa, vol. 1 (Lisbon: Regra do Jogo, 1980) Thion-Soriano Mollâ, Dolores, Ernesto Bark: un propagandista de la modernidad, 1858-1924 (Alicante: Institut Juan Gil Albert, 1998) Thomas, Hugh, The Spanish Civil War (London: Penguin, 2003) Thorpe, Wayne, The Workers Themselves: Revolutionary Syndicalism and International Labour, 1913-1923 (Amsterdam: IISH, 1989) Tosstorff, Reiner, The Red International of Labour Unions (RILU), 1920-1937 (Leiden: Brill, 2016) Tosstorff, Reiner, ‘The Syndicalist Encounter with Bolshevism’, Anarchist Studies, vol. 17:2 (September 2009), 10 Trotsky, Leon, History of the Russian Revolution (1932) https://www.marxists.org/archive/ trotsky/1930/hrr/index.htm [Accessed: 15/12/2018] Trotsky, Leon, The Revolution in Spain (1931) https://www.marxists.org/archive/ trotsky/1931/spain/spain04.htm [Accessed: 16/08/2017] Trotsky, Leon, ‘Theses on Revolution Counterrevolution’ (1926) https://www.marxists. org/archive/trotsky/1926/xx/revo.htm [Accessed 11/12/2016] Tunôn de Lara, Manuel, Espana: la quiebra de 1898. Costay Unamuno en la crisis de fin de siglo (Madrid: Sarpe, 1986) Turcato, Davide, Making Sense of Anarchism: Errico Malatesta’s Experiments with
Revolution, 1889-1900 (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2012)
Bibliography 239 Turcato, Davide, ‘The 1896 London Congress: Prologue or Epilogue?’ in Constance Bantman and David Berry (editors). New Perspectives on Anarchism, Labour and Syndicalism (Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars, 2010), 110-25 Ucelay-Da Cal, Enric, ‘Lost Causes as a Historical Typology of Reaction: A Spanish Perspective, from Jacobites to Neofascists and Spanish Republicans’, Journal ofSpanish Cultural Studies, vol. 5:2 (July 2004), 145-64 Vadillo, Julian, Historia de la CNT: utopia, pragmatisme y revolution (Madrid: Catarata, 2019) Werner, Michael and Zimmermann, Bénédicte, ‘Beyond Comparison: Histoire Croisée and the Challenge of Reflexivity’, History and Theory, vol. 45:1 (February 2006), 30-50 Winston, Collin, Workers and the Right in Spain, 1900-1936 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985) Wolikow, Serge, L’Internationale communiste (1919-1943): le Komintern ou le rêve déchu du parti mondial de la révolution (Paris: Cherche midi, 2010) Yeoman, James, Print Culture and the Formation of the Anarchist Movement in Spain, 1890-1915 (London: Routledge, 2020) Zoffmann Rodriguez, Arturo ‘Andreu Nin, Joaquin Maurin y los comunistas-sindicalistas de la CNT: nuevas perspectivas desde los archivos rusos’, in Pelai Pagès and Pepe Gutiérrez (editors), La Revolution rusapasopor aqui (Barcelona: Laertes, 2017), 99-135 Zoffmann Rodriguez, Arturo. ‘Deserters of War, Soldiers of Revolution: Charles Francis Phillips and the Origins of Communism in the Americas, 1914-21 ’, American Communist History, vol. 20:3-4 (2021), 139-64. Zoffmann Rodriguez, Arturo. ‘Embajadas y
Barricadas: Mijail Borodin, Su Equipo Y Los origenes Del Comunismo En México y Espana, 1919-1920’, Estudios De Historia Moderna Y Contemporânea De México, vol. 62 (2021), 93-122. Zoffmann Rodriguez, Arturo, ‘Lenin in Barcelona: the Russian Revolution and the Spanish trienio bolchevista, 1917-1920’, Slavic Review, vol. 76:3 (Autumn 2017), 629-36 Zoffmann Rodriguez, Arturo, “‘Marxistisch und Proudhonistisch zugleich”: die Kommunisten-Syndikalisten der Spanischen CNT 1917-1924’, Arbeit-BewegungGeschichte, vol. 16:3 (Autumn 2017), 74-96 Zoffmann Rodriguez, Arturo, Έ1 menchevique madrileno: Nikolâi Tasin y la revolution rusa en Espana’, Ebre 38, vol. 8 (2018), 25-51 Zoffmann Rodriguez, Arturo, Off to Moscow with No Passports and No Money: The 1921 Spanish Syndicalist Delegation to Russia’, European History Quarterly, vol. 48:3 (2018), 436-61 Zoffmann Rodriguez, Arturo and Marinello Bonnefoy, Juan Cristobal, ‘Proletarian Turf War: The Rise and Fall of Barcelona’s Sindicatos Libres, 1919-23’, International Review ofSocial History, vol. 66 (2021), 243-71. Unpublished secondary sources Resis, Albert, The Profintern: origins to 1923 (Columbia University: 1967) Santos Santos, Maria, Angel Pestana: el caballero de la triste figura (University of Barcelona: 2003)
Index ABC newspaper 43 Acciön Sindicalista 194, 196, 198, 200 affinity groups 15, 63, 105, 106 Alfonso XIII 6,115 aliadôfilos 16, 48, 78 Allied news corporations 44 Amado, J. 103 American Federation of Labour 135 Amsterdam-based International Federation of Trade Unions (IFTU) 128 anarchism 10,11,13,14,28-36,45, 53, 123,124, 147,175; affinity groups 105; anti-Bolshevism 106, 168-92; anti-Communist turn of 174; barefaced betrayal 60; BrestLitovsk settlement 58; Catalan 15; October Revolution 55; principles of 176; Spain 15; terrorism 10 anarchist-influenced guerrillas 153 anarcho-communists 63, 170 anarcho-reformism 206 anarcho-syndicalism 14, 29,30-33,49, 53, 57, 64, 83, 129,170,190; apex of 103-4; movement 11 ; orthodox 181; persecution of 203; prescience of 50; Spain 53, 63 Andalusia 10,19, 26,28, 30,66, 67, 107-9,112 Andrade, J. 211 Anido, Μ. 22,168-69, 176, 185-87,203 antagonism 11, 110,175 anti-Bolsheviks 168-92,190,192, 227 anti-communist 177 anti-elections 197 anti-Semitism 47 Antonelli, É. 47 LaAntorcha 214 Arlandis, H. 147,172,184,185,188, 200,211 Arlegui, Μ. 186-87, 200, 203 armistice 59-61 August Days 15-19 Austria 29, 30, 55 Bakuninism 107,184,225 Bakunin, Μ. 9, 48,181 Balabanova, A. 134 Baltics 56 Bandera Roja 90 Barcelona?, 168; absolute control 104; anarchist elements 104; anarchist movement of 15; anarchosyndicalist movement of 6; basic necessities, price of 16; Comités Sindicalistas Revolucionarios 203; communist-syndicalist in 203, 205; conciliatory line in 187; illiteracy in 7; National Confederation of Labour 13; population density 10; professional
agitators of 45; red censorship 20; rents in 21; Russian colony in 45; Tragic Week riots in 8; trigger-happy anarchists of 18; unemployment 16; urban anarchists of 68; urban proletariat of 10 Barcelona plenum 148-50, 179 Barri Xino 10 La Batalla 203,205,208, 213; campaign of 213; communist-syndicalists 207; growing popularity of 207; opportunistic strategy of 210; victories of 209 Berkman, A. 13,153, 170 Berlin 19,43, 150; International Workingmen’s Association in 171 Berliner Tageblatt 55 Birth ofOur Power 46 black repartition 67 blockade 125 Bloc Obrer i Camperai (ВОС) 215-16
242 Index Boal, E. 141, 169 Bolshevik-Communist party 81 Bolshevik Party 75-83 Bolshevik Revolution 13, 25, 34, 143 Bolshevism/Bolsheviks/Bolshevik Party 1-3, 18, 23, 24, 28-36, 57, 106, 127, 129, 136, 140, 172, 183, 195; accusation 44; agents in Madrid 26; an air of assurance, of self-confidence, decisiveness and certainty 131; anarchist enthusiasm for 171; ceremonies and nomenclature 139; co-opted 138; to debate 80-83; dictatorship 85; economic measures 73; effectiveness of 225; mission 55; in Moscow 226; negotiating, 1917-19 43-91; peace for national reorganization 57; proselytism 47; reckless and uncompromising 131; reformism and 191; seizure of power 55; social revolution 112; Spanish Communist Party 175; subversive schemes of 55; sympathy 58; syndicalism to 148; Third International 103 Bonafoux, L. 76 Bono, V. 176 Borghi, A. 142, 144 Borodin-Phillips mission: Mexico to Moscow via Madrid 115-18; National Confederation of Labour 122—24; Partida Comunista Espanol 122-24; party of one hundred children 120-21; Socialist Party divided 118-20 Bourbon Restoration regime 4 bourgeois politics 11, 12 bourgeois press 44 Brest-Litovsk settlement 58 Buenacasa, Μ. 2, 24, 25, 33, 44, 47, 53, 54, 61, 62, 64-66, 75-78, 80, 84, 87-89,91,104-11,170-71, 174,175,178,181, 183, 190, 191,208 Bueso, A. 24, 209 Bulgaria 59 bureaucracy 63, 78, 176, 227 Cambô, F. 17 La Canadenca strike 26, 32, 103, 105 capitalism 20, 22,48, 51, 65, 70; debacle of 114; European 154; international 55; Red Scare 25; in Russia 29, 51, 76; state 177 Carbo, E. 44, 124, 108-24,174-75,181, 183, 190-91 Casa del Obrero
Mundial 12 Casa del Pueblo 104 Catalan communism 145 Catalan Federation of Anarchist Groups 72 Catalan republicanism 146 de Cavia, Mariano 6 cenetistas 18, 28, 43, 58, 145-48,172 Central Europe, armistice and revolution in 59-61 centralism 63, 139, 189 Cerrito, G. 29 Civil War 46, 61, 84-91, 138 CNT see National Confederation of Labour (CNT) collective violence 195 Comedia congress 103-15, 146 Comintern congress 2, 131-36 Comités Sindicalistas Revolucionarios (CSR) 200-3 communism 23, 106, 177; antiparliamentary brand of 118; Bolshevik 196; campaign against 184; ideological demarcation with 175; implement 55; international 132; left-wing of 121; libertarian 28, 113, 130, 178, 179; Russia 3, 6, 24, 30, 31; socialization 68; Spain 115, 121, 123, 154,210 Communist International 2, 11, 145 communists 3, 76, 81, 106, 13 8, 154, 173; in America 118; anti-colonialism 115; dictatorship 85; infiltration 193; labour movement 154; Red International of Labour Unions 176; repartition 67 communist-syndicalism 145, 190, 195, 202; in Barcelona 203, 205; bloc with moderates 203-210; Partido Comunista de Espana and 210-16; Portuguese 198; against the stream 198-203; revisionism 194; Spain 194, 198, 213; sui generis 193—98 Comunismo Libertario ΥΠ El Comunista 141 Confederation, battle for 178-87 Confederaçao Gérai do Trabalho (CGT, Portugal), 198-200 Confédération Générale du Travail (CGT, France) 78 Confederazione Generale del Lavoro (CGT, Italy) 129, 135 Constituent Assembly 66 constituent parliament 66
Index 243 constitutional democracy 49 cordon sanitaire 138 counterrevolution 27, 57, 85, 125; in Russia 88; in Spain 88 Covilhä congress 192 Crimea 7 Cuba 4, 9 cynicism 1, 226 Dato, E. 148 defeat, experience of: anti-Bolshevik turn, of anarchists 1921-22 168-92; communist-syndicalism, 1922-24 193-216 democracy 16; constitutional 49; dictatorship 76; grassroots 28; peace 54 Denjean, E 32 Der Syndikalist 151 Diaz, D. 35 Diaz del Moral, J. 2, 19 dictatorship 44, 143; concept of 175; democratic 76; of proletariat 84-91; rejection of 175 Diez, G. 173, 176, 178, 181, 189 disbelief 1,28, 34, 227 doctrinal contradictions 55 Dos Passos, J. 19 Durân, F. 171 Durruti, B. 191 Dzerzhinsky, F. 153 Ealham, C. 174 Elorrieta, T. 7 equality 33, 44, 51, 140 Espartaco 34, 90 European imperialism 57 European labour organizations 53 European Social Democracy 30, 58 Europe burning: August Days 15-19; Red Scare 25-28; town and country up in arms 19-25 Europe, revolutions in 27 Executive Committee of the Communist International 156 extraordinary urgency 29 Extremadura 19, 30 extremism 89-91 fait accompli 62 Fanelli, G. 9 February Revolution 48-51, 51, 53, 75 Fedele, S. 36 Federation Nacional de Agricultores (FNA) 67 federalism 28, 157,189 First International 9, 14, 61, 128, 132, 175, 176 First World War 4, 8, 47, 86, 115, 169, 225; neutrality 15; Russian Revolution, outbreak of 28; Spain 6,15 Foix, P. 150-51, 154, 171,176-77, 185, 188 Forcadell, C. 16, 30, 65 Fornells, J. 29 France 6, 45, 46 Freie Arbeiter Union Deutschlands (FAUD) 170 French Revolution 1,48, 49, 138; political freedoms and equality
69; ubiquitous model of 49 Garcia Oliver, J. 14 Gasset, R. 23, 32 germanofilos 16, 48 Germany 20, 29, 30, 43, 51, 55; maximalism 60; military intervention 53; Red International of Labour Unions 171; revolution in 59 Girbau, Μ. 25 Goldman, E. 153, 170 Gômez, J. 21 Gonzâlez, C. 199,211,214 Gorky, Μ. 76 Gramsci, A. 71 grassroots democracy 28 Guardia Roja 59 Guerra, S. 185 El Heraldo de Mexico 116 hostility 14; Bolsheviks 46, 49; libertarian 132; October Revolution 29; scepticism and, 2 Ibânez, J. 31,147, 202 Iberian Peninsula 9,10, 13, 24,213 Iglesias, P. 9 illiteracy: in Barcelona 7; in Moscow 7 El Imparcial 45 imperialist war 52-58 industrialization 8, 9 inflation 16, 21 intermediaries 45^18 International 61-63 international capitalism 55 International Trade Union Council (ITUC) 130,135 International Workingmen’s Association (IWMA) 113, 114, 171
244 Index internecine tensions 34 Intersindical Obrera de Lengua Espanola (IOLE) 171 Iskra 76, 80 Italy, Mussolini’s success in 204 Izvestia 66 Jordân, F. 12, 175 Jul, P. 79 Juventudes Socialistas 120, 121, 123 Kolonitsky, B. 27 Kollontai, A. 154, 195 Komuch 66 Kronstadt 153, 170 Kropotkin, P. 8, 48, 139 Kropotkin, S. 139 Krupskaya, N. 154 Lafargue, P. 9 laissezfaire 127 Layret, F. 168 La Lectura 47 Ledesma, P. 10 left-centrists 210 Left Social Revolutionaries 57 Left-Wing Communism: An Infantile Disorder 121 Le Libertaire 150, 153, 170 Lenin 53, 54, 75-83, 121; agrarian policies 68; British trade unionist 129; power must belong to the proletariat 70; programme 55; The State and Revolution ΑΊ Lerroux, A. 12, 70 Levai, G. 8, 16, 21, 22, 189 L’Humanité 150 liberal alliance, labour movement with 18 libertarian communism 113, 178 El Libertario 78 Lippmann, W. 44 London 43 Lopez Rodrigo, A. 198 Lozovsky, S. 128,131,182,184,185 Lucha Obrera 207, 208, 213 Lucha Social 147, 178, 179, 181, 188, 197,211 lurching left 33-36 Madrid 6, 11, 104-6; Interior Ministry in 26; Marxist group in 9; Mexico to Moscow via 115—18; trade union movement in 173 madrilènes 105 Makhno, N. 137, 139, 152, 158,170,177 maksimalisty 76 Maksimov, O. 154 Malillos, A. 211 Mafié i Miravet, T. 174 Maria Penarrocha, J. 23 Markov, A. 45 Markovich, Μ. 116 Marxism/Marxists 3, 6, 9, 11-13, 29,45, 106, 110, 147,175; radical tenets of 10; as reformist 12; in syndicalist clothing 151 Marx, K. 9, 12, 32, 76, 80 Maurin, J. 6, 11, 12, 122, 172, 179,182, 192, 193, 196,200,206,211,215 maximalism 25, 31, 55, 75-80; exercise
power 77; Germany 60 El Maximalista 31, 46, 63 Meaker, G. 144 Memoirs ofa Revolutionary 46 Mensheviks 30 Mestre, J. 79 Mexican Revolution 12, 69 Mexico 115-18 Miguel, A. 61 Miliukov, P. 17 Monatte, P. 111 Monjo, A. 28 Morocco 4, 7 Moscow: anarcho-communists 170; anarcho-syndicalists 170; Bolshevism in 226; illiteracy in 7; libertarian alternative to 171; from Mexico via Madrid 115-18; Red Guard in 58; Red International of Labour Unions in 145, 171 Mussolini 204 Napoleonic despotism 1 National Committee 188 National Confederation of Labour (CNT) 2,13, 50, 189; anarchism w. syndicalism 14; centrality of 3; colonial counter-insurgency 22; Comintern congress 137; communist infiltration in 193; exhaustion and disappointment for 172; false-flag operation against 203; great impetus of reorganization of 203; growth of, 1917-19 28-29; ideological content of 3,108; infatuation of 29;
Index 245 internal strife 190; International 61, 62; membership of 14; national committee of 60, 104, 168; October Revolution 18; optimism and selfassurance 103; Partido Comunista Espanol and 122-24; pro-Bolshevik sentiments 169; repression, in 1917-19 169; Russian Revolution 25; Sindicatos Libres 173; social war 53; Solidaridad Obrera 53; Third International 113; violence and repression 146; virulent campaign 143 Nationalist Federal Republican Union (UFNR) 146 negotiating Bolshevism, 1917-19: Civil War 84—91; to debate 80-83; February Revolution 48-51; land and factories 66-75; maximalists 75-80; October Revolution 51-52; proletariat, dictatorship of 84-91; soviets 63-66; transmission belts 43^18; war, peace, and the international 52-63 neutrality, First World War 15, 27 news agencies 43 new trade union international 127-31 Nicholas II 6 Nin, A. 7,110, 193, 206 Nin-Maurin mission, 1921: Barcelona plenum 148-50; cenetistas, new generation of 145^18; Red International of Labour Unions 154-58; revenants 158-59; trip to Russia 150-54 Noi del Sucre 15, 34,104,105,112,204,206 North America 44 Nùcleos Sindicalistas Revolutionaries 198 obreros conscientes 77 October Revolution 18, 29, 30, 51-52, 54, 115, 194 optimism 103, 225 Orientalism 47 Ortega y Gasset, J. 6 Oscar Pérez Solis 11, 201-3 Palo Alto 115 Paris 43 Partido Comunista de Espana (PCE) 120-24,173,193; candidacy of 177; communist-syndicalism 193, 210-16 Partido Comunista Obrere (PCO) 173 Partido Obrero de Unification Marxista (POUM) 193 Partido Socialista Obrero Espanol (PSOE) 9, 118; August Days 18; greyness and
reformism of 12; League of Nations 60; Marxist 13; moderate socialism of 11; radically proAllied 12; reformist socialists of 18; socialists of 55; Third International 122; traditional engagement with 13 the party of one hundred children 120-21 party-politics 190, 192 peace through revolution 53 peasants 66-68; free communism, autonomous, independent 137; selfishness of 137 Peirô, J. 78, 183, 204 Pestana,A. 104-6, 168, 189; Comintern congress 131-36; mission, 1920 124—45; new trade union international 127-31; Russia 1920 124-27; seventy days in Russia 137-45 Philippines 4 Phillips, C. 11,115,116, 121, 123 Piera, S. 168 Poland 7, 176 polarized politics 44 political disagreement 129 political resolution 189, 190 political revolution 69 politics 190 Portugal 192 post-war economic crisis 21 poverty 8, 14, 88, 124, 142, 143 pragmatism 15, 103, 194 Prat, J. 58, 86,159 Pravda 141 press 43—45 primus inter pares 62 privateers of interventionism 54 pro-Bolsheviks 145,190,192 professional agitators 45 pro-German press 43 programa mâximo 76 proletarian revolution 70 propagandistic information agencies 43 Pueblo 115 pure syndicalists 14 Purkiss, R. 23
246 Index Quemades, S. 30-34, 68-84, 104-11, 124 Quintanilla, E. 107, 113 Radek, K. 34, 56, 129, 134-35 radicalism 11, 17, 146 Ransome, A. 47 Rapallo treaty of April 1922 172, 177 Red Army 22, 35-36, 137; with anarchistinfluenced guerrillas 153; cultural and pedagogical programme of 140; frightful debacle 176; in Poland 176 red censorship 20 Redenciôn 174, 178, 181 Red Guard 20, 56, 58, 81, 85 Red International of Labour Unions (RILU) 127, 135, 136,179; anarchosyndicalist 153; backhanded and negative criticisms of 151; communists in 176; with Executive Committee of the Communist International 156; factional differences 155; Germany against 171; in Moscow 171; partisans of 182; syndicalists 156; Third International and 155, 178; virulent enemies of 151 Red Scare 25-28 Red Terror 85 reformists 11-13, 182 repression 143, 169 Reuters 44 revolution 125, 175, 226; besieged 84-85; in Central Europe 59-61; social 50; war and 43 revolutionaries 11-13 revolutionary syndicalism 109, 132, 157 right-centrists 119,121,122 RILU see Red International of Labour Unions (RILU) Riottot, Y. 196 Rocker, R. 170 Romanones, C. 11 Rosmer, A. 47, 125 Roy, Μ. N. 115 Russia: apparent tyranny in 112; autocratic 16; black repartition in 67; capitalism in 51; counterrevolution in 88; debate on 109-15; economic hardship 23; economic transformation of 69; October Revolution in 18; Pestana in 13745; pre-revolutionary 21; social revolution in 29; in Solidaridad Obrera 34; Spain and 6-9; trip to 150-54 Russian Civil War 22,44, 59, 60, 85-87,118 Russian people 74-75 Russian Revolution 1-3, 7-8,12,32, 47,53,
109, 138,147,186,194, 225, 226; anarcho-syndicalists 50; baptism 24; emancipatory principles of 56; enormous sensation 24; enthusiastic backing of 110; extraordinary thrill 66; galvanising myth of 23; intoxicating allure of 142; manipulations and disfigurations 44; Marxism 6, 111 ; National Confederation of Labour 25; optimism 12; practical influence 50; radicalising fillip of 172; radicalizing surge of 12; rousing myth of 35; Spanish labour movement 4; on Spanish labour movement 25; tangibility of 70; theoretical debate on 110; Third International and 173; violence 84 Salân, J. 149 Samblancat, A. 106 scepticism 2, 23, 57, 68, 182 Second International 9, 62, 129 sectarianism 33, 108, 122, 173, 202,208, 227 Segui, S. 104-6, 112, 168,189, 203,204, 206 Serge, V. 1, 10,45, 48, 63, 87,139,141 Seville 20, 26, 87, 109, 168, 180, 204 Sindicatos Libres 22, 83, 168, 203 sindicatos ùnicos 28, 65-66, 141 Sin Nombre 56, 64, 74, 77 Six -weeks in Russia 47 slackers 116 Smith, A. 14, 191 social chauvinism 53, 225 social conflict 104 Social Democracy 2, 13, 71, 122; opportunist sins of 129; resilience of 128 Social Democrats 112 socialism 65 Socialist Party 11, 30; divided 118-20; internal life in 12 socialists 30-33; leadership 29 socialization of industry 68 social patriotism 53
Index 247 social revolution 50, 68-74,69,112 Social Revolutionary Party 76 El Sol 24,26 Solidaridad Obrera 15, 16, 25, 43-45, 47, 49, 50, 51,56-60, 64, 66, 68, 73, 76, 77,79,81,84,150,170,183, 190,203,207 solidarity 34 Sorel, G. 147, 194 El Soviet 71 Soviet despotism 226 Soviet Russia 1, 3, 25, 34 soviets: economic salvation board of 176; sindicatos ünicos and 65-66; workers’ power 63-65 Spain 2,9; anarcho-syndicalist movement in 53, 226; counterrevolution in 88; First World War 6-9, 15; labour movement in 12; liberal moment 17; military contribution 27; neutrality 27; polarized politics 44; political revolution 69; refuge in 45; Russia and 6-9; semi-feudal 70; social revolution 69; Soviet despotism generated revulsion in 226; strike activity 21; Third International in 172; Trotskyist Left Opposition in 145; uneven tempo lay in 27; war, economic impact of 16 Spanish anarcho-syndicalists 2,3,49, 63, 64, 75, 113, 124, 144 Spanish Communist Party 26,115, 120, 133, 134, 138, 147, 154, 175, 210,213 Spanish communist-syndicalism 194 Spanish Federation of the International 9 Spanish foreign ministry 45,47 Spanish influenza 21 Spanish labour movement 4, 9-11, 35, 174; political pendulum in 19; Russian Revolution on 25 Spanish parliamentary politics 10 Spanish Revolution 26, 27 Spartacist 19, 34,60, 86 Stalinism 216 The State and Revolution Μ, 85-89, 111 Stockholm conference 53, 54,61 Swadeshi Movement 115 syndicalism 11, 14, 123, 124; French style 14; principle of 111 ; Red International of Labour Unions and 156; revolutionary 109; sui generis 193-98; ultra-lefts and 132
syndicalist revisionism 194 Tailiver, J. 80 Tasin, N. 46-48 terceristas 118-22 terror 137 terrorist attacks 23 Third International 2, 3,12,13, 29, 61, 103, 106, 110, 113, 118, 122, 140, 150, 226; conditional affiliation to 30; first congress of 127; foreign syndicalists 170; Red International of Labour Unions and 155; in Spain 172 three missions: Borodin-Phillips 115-24; Comedia congress 103-15; NinMaurin, 1921 145-59; Pestana 124^45 Tierra y Libertad 46, 48, 51, 55, 56, 63, 70, 81, 127 Tinikov, V. 46 Tomsky, Μ. 135,136 Toward a World Commune 132 transmission belts: intermediaries 45^18; press 43-45 Trent, T. 115 trienio bolchevista 19,27 Trotsky, L. 6, 11, 46, 56, 75-83, 133, 227 Trujillo, Μ. 62 Ukraine 55, 57, 69, 125, 139, 152 ultra-lefts 132,173, 210 unemployment 16, 68,83 Unione Sindacale 198, 213 Union General del Trabajo (UGT) 30, 31, 168, 169 union sacrée 78 Urales, F. 72 utopia 25, 33, 51, 74 Valencia 19,23, 110,199 Viadiu, J. 45, 209 Vida Obrera 90 La Vie Ouvrière 88, 150, 200, 212 violence 23,84, 87, 89-91, 111, 169 violent rebellion 68, 85 voluntarism 194 Western Europe 7,44,64, 118,170 Wordsworth, W. 1 xenophobic psychosis 26 Zaragoza conference 187-93, 211 Zinoviev, G. 13, 84, 89, 127,128-33, 154, 215 Bayarischo I Stestsbibilothsk I München J |
| adam_txt |
Contents Introduction 1 1 The three Bolshevik years I. Spain, the ‘Russia ofthe West’ 6 II. Europe burning on both ends 15 III. ‘Who, being an anarchist, did not call himself a Bolshevik? ’ 28 6 2 Negotiating Bolshevism, 1917-19 I. The transmission belts 43 II. From February to October 48 III. War, peace, and the International 52 IV. The soviets 63 V. The land and the factories 66 VI. Lenin, Trotsky, and the Bolshevik Party 75 VII. The dictatorship ofthe proletariat and the Civil War 84 43 3 Three missions /. The Comedia congress 103 II. The Borodin-Phillips mission 115 III. The Pestaha mission, 1920 124 IV. The Nin-Maurin mission, 1921 145 103 4 The experience of defeat I. The anti-Bolshevik turn ofthe anarchists, 1921-22 168 II. Communist-syndicalism, 1922-24 193 168 5 Conclusion 225 Bibliography Index 229 241
Bibliography Archives Archivio Centrale dello Stato (ACS, Rome) Archives Nationales de France (ANF, Paris) Archive Historico Nacional (AHN, Madrid) Archivo Historico del PCE (AHPCE, Madrid) Fundaciôn Pablo Iglesias (FPI, Alcala de Henares) International Institute of Social History (IISH, Amsterdam) Nuffield College Archive (NCA, Oxford) Pelai Pagès i Blanch Personal Archive (PPBPA, Barcelona) Real Academia de Historia (RAH, Madrid) Rossiiskii Gosudarstvennyi Arkhiv Sotsial’no-Politicheskoi Istorii (RGASPI, Moscow) Rose Library Archive (RL, Emory University, Atlanta) Contemporary press andperiodicals Action Sindicalista (Valencia) Action Social Obrera (Sant Feliu de Guixols) LaAntorcha (Madrid) Bandeira Vermelha (Lisbon) Bandera Roja: hoja anarquista (Barcelona) A Batalha (Lisbon) La Batalla (Barcelona) Bulletin du Premier Congrès International des Syndicats Révolutionnaires (Moscow) La Correspondencia de Espana (Madrid) Comunismo Libertario (Alcoi) El Comunista (La Felguera) El Comunista (Zaragoza) Diario de Cortes (Madrid) La Epoca (Madrid) Espana (Madrid) Espana Libre (New York) Lucha Social (Lleida) Nueva Espana (Gijon) Nueva Senda (Madrid) L 'Opinio (Barcelona) Pravda (Moscow) La Publicidad (Barcelona) Redendem (Alcoi) Renovation (Madrid) Die rote Gewerkschaftsinternationale (Berlin) El Socialista (Madrid) El Sol (Madrid) Solidaridad Obrera (Barcelona) Solidaridad Obrera (Bilbao) Solidaridad Obrera (Seville) Solidaridad Obrera (Valencia) El Soviet (Madrid) Suplemento de Solidaridad Obrera (Barcelona)
230 Bibliography Espana Nueva (Madrid) Espartaco (Madrid) Gaceta de Madrid (Madrid) El Heraldo de Madrid (Madrid) La Lectura (Madrid) Le Libertaire (Paris) El Libertario (Barcelona) El Liberal (Bilbao) Lucha Obrera (Barcelona) El Maximalista (Barcelona) Tierra y Libertad (Barcelona) Union Obrera (Barcelona) Vida Obrera (Gijôn) La Vie Ouvrière (Paris) La Voz del Campesino (Jerez de la Frontera) Voluntad (Barcelona) Published primary sources Andrade, Juan, Recuerdos Personales (Barcelona: Serbal, 1983) Bakunin, Mikhail, On the Programme of the Alliance (1871) https://www.marxists.org/ reference/archive/bakunin/works/1871 /program.htm [Accessed: 27/03/2016] Baratech Alfaro, F., Los sindicatos libres: su origen, su actuaciôn, su ideario (Barcelona: Cortel, 1927) Bark, Ernesto, El bolcheviquismo en Espana: la verdad sobre Rusia y el sindicalismo y la democracia mundial (no place: no date) De Bellmunt, Domènec, Homes de la terra (Barcelona: Catalonia, 1935) Berkman, Alexander, The Bolshevik Myth (diary: 1920-1922): Including the ‘anti-climax’ (London: Pluto, 1989) Borghi, Armando, Mezzo secolo di anarchia (Naples: Edizioni Scientifiche, 1954) Borghi, Armando, Vivere da anarchici (Bologna: Alfa, 1966) Buenacasa, Manuel, El movimiento obrero espanol, 1886-1926: historiay critica, (Madrid: Jùcar, 1977) Bueso, Adolfo, Comofundamos la CNT (Barcelona: Avance, 1976) Bueso, Adolfo, Recuerdos de un cenetista (Barcelona: Ariel, 1976) Bujarin, Nikolai, El ABC del comunismo (Madrid: America, 1920). Bujarin, Nikolai, Elprograma de los bolcheviques (Madrid: America, 1920) Bullejos, José, La
Comintern en Espana: recuerdos de mi vida (Mexico: Impresiones Modernas, 1972) De Burgos y Mazo, Manuel, El verano de 1919 en Gobernaciôn (Cuenca: Pinôs, 1921) De Burgos y Mazo, Manuel, Paginas histôricas de 1917 (Madrid: Nûnez Samper, 1918) Calleja, Rafel, Rusia: espejo saludableparapobresy ricos (Madrid: Jiménez y Molina, 1920) Cambô, Francesc, Memories: 1876-1936 (Barcelona: Alpha, 1981) Comicios histôricos del movimiento sindicalista espanol: memoria del congreso de sociedades obreras de la region catalana, celebrado los dias 28, 29 y 30 de junto, y 1 de julio de 1918 (Barcelona: CNT, 1965) Denjean, François, ‘The Paralysis of Government in Spain’, Looking Forward (November 1921) Diaz del Moral, Juan, Historia de las agitaciones campesinas andaluzas: antécédentes para una reforma agraria (Madrid: Alianza, 1973) Dos Passos, John, Rosinante on the Road again (New York: G. H. Doran, 1922) Elorrieta y Artaza, Tomâs, El movimiento bolchevista (Madrid: Jaime Ratés, 1919) Engels, Friedrich and Marx, Karl, ‘The Bakuninists at Work’ (1873) http://www.marxists. org/archive/marx/works/1873/bakunin/ [Accessed: 19/02/2016]
Bibliography 231 Fischer, Louis, Men and Politics: An Autobiography (New York: Sloan and Pearce, 1941) Foix, Pere, Apostols i mercaders: quaranta anys de lluita social a Catalunya (Barcelona: Nova Terra, 1976) Garcia Oliver, Juan, El eco de los pasos: el anarcosindicalismo en la calle, en el Comité de Milicias, en el gobierno, en el exilio (Barcelona: Ruedo Ibérico, 1978) Gasset y Chinchilla, Rafael, La humanidad insumisa: La revolucion rusa. El problema social en Espana (Madrid: n. p. 1920) Gorkin, Julian, Elrevolucionarioprofesional: testimonio de un hombre de action (Barcelona: Aymâ, 1975) Humbert-Droz, Jules, Mémoires (Neuchâtel: La Baconnière, 1969) Ibânez, Jesùs, Laplumaylapistola (1945) http://www.fundanin.org/burgos3.htm [Accessed: 23/02/2015] Institute de reformas sociales, Movimientos de precios al por menor en Espaha durante la guerray la post-guerra, 1914-1922 (Madrid: Minuesa de los Rios, 1923) Jesùs Ibânez, Memorias de mi cadaver: novela encajada (Mexico: El libro perfecto, 1946) Joaquin Maurin, Recuerdos (1975) https://www.marxists.org/espanol/maurin/1972.htm [Accessed: 11/04/2017] Jordân, Francisco, La dictadura delproletariado (Mexico: Mundial, 1922) Kanatchikov, Semën, A Radical Worker in Tsarist Russia: The Autobiography of Semen Ivanovich Kanatchikov (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1986) Kautsky, Karl, Terrorism and Communism (1919) https://www.marxists.org/archive/ kautsky/1919/terrcomm/ch08.htm [Accessed: 19/04/18] Kerenski, A., El bolchevismo y su obra (Madrid: no publisher, no date) Kroptokin, Pëtr, ‘Letter to the Workers of Western Europe’
(1919) https://www.marxists.org/ reference/archive/kropotkin-peter/191 Os/19_04_28.htm [Accessed: 04/09/2018] Kropotkin, Pëtr, The Spirit ofRevolt ( 1880) http://dwardmac.pitzer.edu/Anarchist_Archives/ kropotkin/spiritofrevolt.html [Accessed: 30/03/2015] Lenin, Vladimir, ‘Correcting the Policy and Partly Also the Composition of the Parties Which Have Joined or Wish to Join the Communist International’, in Jane Degras (editor), The Communist International: Documents (1919-1943) (London: Frank Cass, 1971), 127 Lenin, Vladimir, Democracia burguesa y democracia proletaria: el Estado y la revolucion (no place: América, 1920) Lenin, Vladimir, La revolucion y el Estado: ensenanzas mdximas acerca del Estado y el deber delproletariado en la revolucion (Valencia: Cervantes, 1920) Lenin, Vladimir, Left-wing Communism: An Infantile Disorder (1920) https://www. marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1920/lwc/ [Accessed: 04/02/2017] Lenin, Vladimir, The State and Revolution (1917) https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/ works/1917/staterev/ [Accessed: 18/12/2016] Lippmann, Walter and Merz, Charles, ‘A Test of the News: An Examination of the News Reports in the New York Times on Aspects of the Russian Revolution of Special Importance to Americans’, A Supplement to The New Republic (04/08/1920) Lorenzo, Anselmo, El proletariado militante: Memorias de un internacionalista (Madrid: Alianza, 1974) Lozovsky, Solomon, Les syndicats et la révolution (Paris: ISR, 1922) Madrid, Francisco, Ocho meses y un dla en el gobierno civil de Barcelona: confesiones y testimonios (Barcelona: La Flecha, 1932)
Maksimov, Grigori, Za chto i как bol ’sheviki izgnali anarkhistov (Berlin: no publisher, 1922) Maurin, Joaquin, El Bloque Obrero y Campesino: origen, actividad, perspectivas (Barce lona: CIG, 1932)
232 Bibliography Maurin, Joaquin, Hombres e Historia (1961) http://www.fundanin.org/maur%EDn9.htm [Accessed: 15/03/2015] Maurin, Joaquin, L’anacho-syndicalisme en Espagne (Paris: ISR, 1924) Maurin, Joaquin, Revolution y contrarrevoluciôn en Espana (Paris: Ruedo Ibérico, 1966) Maurin, Joaquin, El Sindicalismo a la luz de la Revoluciôn Rusa (Lleida: Lucha Social, 1922) Maximoff, George, The Guillotine at Work. Twenty Years of Terror in Russia (Chicago: Aleksander Berkman Fund, 1940) Memoria del congreso celebrado en el teatro de la Comedia de Madrid los dias 10 al 18 de Diciembre de 1919 (Barcelona: Cosmos, 1932) Minutes of the Second Congress of the Communist International (1920) https://www.marxists.org/history/international/comintern/2nd-congress/index.htm [Accessed: 12/01/2016] Monatte, Pierre, Syndicalisme révolutionnaire et communisme : Les archives de Pierre Monatte (Paris: Maspero, 1968) Murphy, John Thomas, New Horizons (London: Bodly Head, 1941) Nin, Andreu, La revolution rusa (Barcelona: Fontamara, 1978) Nin, Andreu, Las organizaciones obreras internationales (Madrid: De la Torre, 1977) Ortega y Gasset, José, Invertebrate Spain (London: Allen Unwin, 1937) Orwell, George, Homage to Catalonia (London: Penguin, 2000) Peirats, José, Figuras del movimiento libertario espahol (Barcelona: Picazo, 1978) Pérez Baro, Albert, Els “feliços” anys vint: memories d’un militant obrer (Palma de Mallorca: Moll, 1977) Pérez Solis, Oscar, Memorias de mi amigo Oscar Perea (Madrid: Renacimiento, 1931) Pestana, Angel, Conferencia Sindicalista dada por Angel Pestana en el teatro la
Comedia de Madrid el dla 3 de Octubre de 1919 (Madrid: n. p., 1919) Pestana, Angel, Consideraciones y juicios acerca de la Tercera International: Segunda parte de la memoria presentada al Comité de la Confederation National del Trabajo (Madrid: ZYX, 1968). Pestana, Angel, Memoria que al Comité de la Confederation National del Trabajo, présenta de su gestion en el II Congreso de la Tercera International (Madrid: Nueva Senda, 1922). Pestana, Angel, Lo que aprendi en la vida (Murcia: Zero, 1971). Pestana, Angel, Setenta dias en Rusia: Lo que yо pienso (Madrid: Antonio Lôpez, 1924) Pestana, Angel, Setenta dias en Rusia: Lo queyo vi (Madrid: Tinta profana, 2013) Preobrazhensky, Yevgeni, Anarquismo y Comunismo (Mexico: FES, 2014) De Quiros, Bernaldo, El espartaquismo agrario andaluz (no place: no publisher, 1919) Résolutions et statuts adoptés au 1er congrès international des syndicats révolutionnaires, Moscow, 3-19juillet 1921 (Paris: ISR, 1921) Rocker, Rudolf, Revoluciôn y regresiôn (Buenos Aires: Tupac, 1952) Rosmer, Alfred, Lenin’s Moscow (London: Pluto Press, 1971) Roy, Μ. Nath, Memoirs (Bombay: Allied Publishers, 1964) Royo Villanova, Antonio, Bolchevismo y sindicalismo: conferencia, 20 de diciembre 1919 (Madrid: Reus, 1920) Saldana, Quintiliano (editor), La Revolution rusa: la constitution del 10 de julio de 1918 (Madrid: Reus, 1919) Schärf, Jacques (editor), Rapports sur le mouvement communiste international présentés au deuxième congrès de l'International Communiste, Moscou 1920 (Milan: Feltrinelli, 1967) Segui, Salvador, Articulas madrilehos de Salvador Segui (Madrid:
Edicusa, 1976) Segui, Salvador, Escrits (Barcelona: Edicions 62, 1975) Serge, Victor, Les anarchistes et l’expérience de la révolution russe (1920) https://www. marxists.org/francais/serge/works/1920/08/exprevrusse.htm [Accessed: 04/06/2018]
Bibliography 233 Serge, Victor, Memoirs of a Revolutionary (New York: NYRB, 2012) Shipman, Charles, It Had to Be a Revolution: Memoirs of an American Radical (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1993) Sorel, Georges, Reflections on Violence (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999). Souchy, Augustin, A ttention anarchiste! Une vie pour la liberté : mémoires (Paris: Libertaire, 2006). Tasin, N., La dictadura del proletariado: segun Marx, Engels, Kautsky, Bernstein, Axelrod, Lenin, Trotzky y Baiter (Madrid: Biblioteca Nueva, 1919) Trotski, Leon, El triunfo del bolchevismo: con una semblanza del autor, sus impresiones de Espahay su actitud respecta a la Internacional (Madrid: Biblioteca Nueva, 1918) Trotsky, Leon, Mis peripecias en Espana (Salamanca: no editor, 1997) Trotsky, Leon, My Life (1930) https://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/1930/mylife/index. htm [Accessed: 15/12/2018] Trotsky, Leon, Terrorismo y comunismo (Madrid: Biblioteca Nueva, 1920) Vallina, Pedro, Mis memorias (Caracas: Tierra y Libertad, 1968) Viadiu, José, Figuras de la revolution espanola: Salvador Segui, Noy del Sucre (Toulouse: Universe, 1950) Viadiu, José, Salvador Segui (“Noy del Sucre ’’). El hombre y sus ideas (Valencia: Cuadernos de cultura, 1930) Published secondary sources Agnew, James and McDermott, Kevin, The Comintern: A History of International Communism from Lenin to Stalin (Basignstoke: MacMillan, 1996) Aisa, Ferran, El laberint roig: Victor Colomer i Joaquim Maurin mestres i revolucionaris (Lleida: Pagès, 2005) Aizpuru, Mikel, ‘La expulsiôn refugiados desde Espana en 1919: exiliados
rusos y de otros paises’, Migrations y exilios, vol. 11 (2010), 107-26 Alba, Victor (editor), Andreu Nin i el socialisme (Barcelona: UB, 1998) Alba, Victor, Dos revolucionarios: Joaquin Maurin, Andreu Nin (Madrid: Seminarios y Ediciones, 1975) Albinana, Antonio and Arancibia, Mercedes, ‘La ùltima entrevista con Gaston Levai’, Tiempo de Historia (September 1978), 10-21 Alvarez Junco, José, La ideologiapolitica del anarquismo espahol, 1868-1910 (Barcelona: Siglo XXI 1976) Anderson, Benedict, Under Three Flags: Anarchism and the Anti-Colonial Imagination (London: Verso, 2005) Antonioli, Maurizio, Armando Borghi e I ’Unione sindacale italiana (Manduria: Lacaita, 1990) Arranz Notario, Luis, ‘La ruptura del PSOE y la crisis de la Restauration’, in Santos Julia (editor), El Socialismo en Espana desde lafundaciôn del PSOE hasta 1975 (Madrid: FPI, 1986), 161-89 Avilés Farré, Juan, La fe que vino de Rusia: la revolution bolchevique y los espaholes, 1917-1931 (Madrid: UNED, 1999) Avrich, Paul, The Russian Anarchists (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1967) Baer, James, Anarchist Immigrants in Spain and Argentina (Urbana: Illinois University Press, 2015) Balcells, Albert, El sindicalismo en Barcelona, 1916-1923 (Barcelona: Nova Terra, 1968) Bantman, Constance, The French Anarchists in London, 1880-1914: Exile and Transnation alism in the First Globalisation (Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2013)
234 Bibliography Bar, Antonio, La CNT en los anos rojos: del sindicalismo revolucionario al anarcosindicalismo, 1910-1926 (Madrid: Akai, 1981) Beetham, David (editor), Marxists in the Face ofFascism: Writings by Marxists on Fascism in the Inter-War Period (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1983) Beltran Dengra, Juan, ‘La opinion sobre la revolucion mexicana en la prensa anarquista espanola, 1911-1917’, Espiral, vol. 14:41 (April 2008), 169-205 Bengoechea, Soledad, El locaut de Barcelona (1919-1920): Els precedents de la dictadura de Primo de Rivera (Barcelona: Curial, 1998) Bengoechea, Soledad, Organitzacio patronal i conflictivitat social a Catalunya: tradiciö i corporativisme entre finals de segle i la Dictadura de Primo de Rivera (Abadia de Mont serrat: Abadia de Montserrat, 1994) Bizcarrondo, Marta and Elorza, Antonio, Queridos camaradas: La Internacional Comunista y Espana, /9/9-/939 (Barcelona: Planeta, 1999) Bookchin, Murray, Los anarquistas espanoles: los anos heroicos, 1863-1936 (Barcelona: Grijalbo, 1980) Brenan, Gerald, The Spanish Labyrinth: An Account ofthe Social and Political Background of the Civil War (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009) Brown, Archie, The Rise and Fall of Communism (New York: Bodley Head, 2010) Castillo, Santiago, Historia de la Union General de Trabajadores (Madrid: Union, 1998) Cerrito, Gino, Il ruolo dell ’organizzazione anarchica: L ’efficientismo organizzativo, ilproblema della minoranza, il periodo transitorio, classismo e umanesimo (Catania: RL, 1973) Cobo Romero, Francisco, ‘The “Red Dawn” of the Andalusian
Countryside: Peasant Pro test during the “Bolshevik Triennium”, 1918-1920’, in Francisco Romero Salvadô and Angel Smith (editors), The Agony of Spanish Liberalism: From Revolution to Dictator ship, 1913-1923 (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2010), 121-45 Cole, G. D. H., A History ofSocialist Thought, vol. 4 (London: MacMillan, 1955) Cruz Martinez, Rafael, ‘La organizaciôn del PCE (1920-1934)’, Estudios de historia social, vol. 31 (1984), 55-63 Dalmau, Antoni, Per la cauas dels humils: una biografia de Tarrida del Mdrmol (Barcelona: Abadia de Montserrat, 2015) Dam’e, Vadim, Zabytii Internatsional: Mezhdunarodnoe anarkho-sindikalistskoe dvizhenie mezhdu dvumya mirovymi voinami (Moscow: NLO, 2006) Darlington, Ralph, Syndicalism and the Transition to Communism: An International Com parative Analysis (Aidershot: Ashgate, 2008) David-Fox, Michael, Showcasing the Soviet Experiment: Cultural Diplomacy Western Visitors to the Soviet Union, 1921-1941 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012). Degras, Jane, The Communist International, 1919-1943 (London: Oxford University Press, 1956) Deutscher, Isaac, Heretics and Renegades and Other Essays (London: Hamilton, 1955) Deutscher, Isaac, The Prophet Armed: Trotsky, 1879-1921 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1970) Diez, Xavier, El pensament politic de Salvador Segui (Barcelona: Virus, 2016) Durgan, Andy, Comunismo, revolucion y movimiento obrero en Catalunya 1920—1936: Los origenes del POUM (Barcelona: Laertes, 2016) Ealham, Chris, Anarchism and the City: Revolution and Counterrevolution in Barcelona, 1898-1937 (Edinburgh: AK Press, 2010) Ealham,
Chris, ‘An Impossible Unity: Revolution, Reform, and Counterrevolution and the Spanish Left, 1917-1923’, in Francisco Romero Salvadô and Angel Smith (editors), The Agony of Spanish Liberalism: From Revolution to Dictatorship, 1913—1923 (Basing stoke: Palgrave, 2010)
Bibliography 235 Ealham, Chris, Class, Culture and Conflict in Barcelona, 1898-1937 (London: Routledge, 2005) Ealham, Chris, ‘“De la cima al abismo”: las contradicciones entre el individualism y el colectivismo en el anarquismo espafiol’, in Paul Preston et al. (editors), La Republica asediada: hostilidad international y conflictos internos durante la Guerra Civil (Barcelona: Peninsula, 1999), 227-71 Ealham, Chris, ‘La historiografia reciente sobre la Guerra Civil: el rigor histôrico contra el rigor mortis. Cuando el “revisionismo” no es mâs que la vuelta a los mitos de ayer expresados con la voz indignada del pasado’, Pasadoy memoria, vol. 7 (2008), 287-306 Eley, Geoff and Nield, Keith, ‘Why Does Social History Ignore Politics?’, Social History, vol. 5:2 (May 1980), 249-71 Fedele, Santi, Una breve Ulus tone: gli anarchici italiani e la Russia soviètica, 1917-1939 (Milan: Angeli, 1996) Forcadell, Carlos, Parlamentarismo y bolchevizaciön: el movimiento obrero espanol, 1914-1918 (Barcelona: Critica 1978) Forti, Steven, El peso de la nation: Nicola Bombacci, Paul Marion y Oscar Pérez Solis en la Europa de entreguerras (Santiago de Compostela: Universidad de Santiago de Com postela, 2015) Garner, Jason, Goals and Means: Anarchism, Syndicalism, and Internationalism in the Ori gins ofthe Federation Anarquista Ibérica (Chico: AK, 2016) Garner, Jason, ‘Separated by an “ideological chasm”: The Spanish National Labour Confed eration and Bolshevik Internationalism, 1917-1922’, Contemporary European History, vol. 15:3 (August 2006), 293-326 Gerbaudo, Paolo, The Mask and the Flag:
Populism, Citizenism and Global Protest (London: Oxford University Press, 2017) Gerwarth, Robert and Horne, John (editors), War in Peace: Paramilitary Violence in Europe after the Great War (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013) Gilly, Adolfo, La Revolution interrumpida: México, 1910-1920 (Mexico: El Caballito, 1978) Goodwin, James, Confronting Dovskoevskys Demons: Anarchism and the Spectre of Bakunin in Twentieth Century Russia (New York: Peter Lang, 2010) Gonzalez Fernandez, Angeles, Utopiay realidad: anarquismo, anarcosindicalismoy organizaciones obreras. Sevilla, 1900-1923 (Seville: Diputaciôn, 1996) Gorsuch, Anne E., ‘NEP be damned! Young Militants in the 1920s and the Culture of Civil War’, Russian Review, vol. 56:4 (October: 1997), 564-80 Graeber, David, The Democracy Project: A History, a Crisis, a Movement (London: Allen Lane, 2014) Halfin, Igai, From darkness to light: class, consciousness and salvation in revolutionary Russia (Pittsburgh: Pittsburgh University Press, 2000) Heywood, Paul, Marxism and the Failure of Organised Socialism in Spain (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990) Hobsbawm, Eric, Primitive Rebels: Studies in Archaic Forms ofProtest in the 19th and 20th Centuries (Manchester: Machester University Press, 1959) Hobsbawm, Eric, Revolucionarios (Barcelona: Critica, 2010) James, C. L. R., World Revolution, 1917—1936: The Rise and Fall of the Communist Inter national (Durham: Duke University Press, 2017) Kaplan, Temma, Anarchists of Andalusia, 1868-1903 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1977) Kaplan, Temma, Red City, Blue Period: Social
Movements in Picasso 's Barcelona (Berkeley: California University Press, 1992)
236 Bibliography Kem, Robert, Red Years/Black Years: A Political History ofSpanish Anarchism, 1911-1937 (Philadelphia: ISHI, 1978) Kirschenbaum, Lisa, ‘Michael Gruzenberg / Mikhail Borodin: The Making of an Interna tional Communist’, in Choi Chatterjee et al. (editors.), The Global Impacts of Russia’s Great War and Revolution, Book 2: The Wider Arc of Revolution, Part 1 ( Bloomington IN: Slavica Publishers, 2019), 337-65. Kern, Robert, ‘The Revolutionary Left in Spain, 1914-1923’ (book review), International Labour and Working-Class History, no. 9 (May 1976), 38-39 Lacomba, Juan Antonio, La crisis espanola de 1917 (Madrid: Ciencia Nueva, 1970) Leon Ignacio, Jacinto, Los anos del pistolerismo: ensayo para la guerra civil (Barcelona: Planeta, 1981) De Lera, Àngel Maria, Angel Pestana: retrato de un anarquista (Barcelona: Argos, 1978) Levy, Carl, ‘Anarchism and Leninist Communism: 1917 and All That’, Socialist History, vol. 52 (2017), 85-94 Maestro Bäcksbacka, Javier, ‘La revoluciôn rusa en la prensa espanola de 1917’, in Pelai Pagès and Pepe Gutierrez (editors), La revoluciôn pasô рог aqul (Barcelona: Laertes, 2017), 41-52 Malefakis, Edward, Agrarian Reform and Peasant Revolution in Spain: Origins ofthe Civil War (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1970) Marinello Bonnefoy, Juan Cristobal, 'Sindicalismo y violencia en Barcelona durante la Primera Guerra Mundial’, in Assumpta Castillo Caniz, David Alegre Lorenzo, Miguel Alonso Ibarra (editors), Mirar al pasado etiempos de crisis: historia social, conflicto y cultura de masas, vol. 3 (Barcelona: UAB, 2015), 285-99 Marinello
Bonnefoy, Juan Cristobal, ‘Los atentados sociales y el surgimiento de la violencia individualizada en los conflictos laborales de Barcelona, 1902-1917’, Segle XX, vol. 9 (2016), 25-50. Martin, Benjamin, The Agony of Modernization: Labor and Industrialization in Spain (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1990) Matthews, Matthews, ‘Battling Bolshevik Bogeymen: Spain’s Cordon Sanitaire against Revolution from a European Perspective, 1917-1923’, The Journal of Military History, vol. 80 (July 2016), 725-55 McGuire, Elizabeth, Red at Heart: How Chinese Communists Fell in Love with the Russian Revolution (New York: Oxford University Press, 2017) Meaker, Gerald, The Revolutionary Left in Spain, 1914-1923 (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1974) Mintz, Jerome R., The Anarchists ofCasas Viejas (Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1982) Monjo, Anna, Militants: Democràcia i participation a la CNT als anys trenta (Barcelona: Laertes, 2003) Montseny, Federica, Mis primeras cuarenta anos (Barcelona: Plaza Janés, 1987) Pagès i Blanch, Pelai, Andreu Nin, una vida al servicio de la close obrera (Barcelona: Laertes, 2011) Pagès i Blanch, Pelai and Martinez de Sas, Maria Teresa (editors), Diccionari biogràfic del moviment obrer als païssos catalans (Barcelona: Abadia de Montserrat, 2000) Pagès i Blanch, Pelai, ‘El impacto de la revoluciôn rusa en el movimiento obrere espanol’, in Pelai Pagès and Pepe Gutierrez (editors), La revoluciôn rusapasôpor aqul (Barcelona: Laertes, 2017), 13-39 Paniagua, Xavier, ‘La visiô de Gaston Levai de laRûssia soviètica el 1921 ’, Recerques, vol. 3, n. 13 (1974),
199-224.
Bibliography 237 Di Paola, Pietro, The Knights Errant ofAnarchy: London and the Italian Anarchist Diaspora (1880-1917) (Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2013) Paz, Abel, Durruti: el proletariado en armas (Barcelona: Bruguera, 1978) Peirats, José, La CNT en la revolution espahola (Paris: Ruedo Ibérico, 1971) Peirats, José, Los anarquistas en la crisis politico espahola (Buenos Aires: Alfa, 1964) Pérez Ledesma, Manuel, El pensamiento socialista espahol a comienzos de siglo (Madrid: Ediciones del Centro, 1975) Pons, Silvio, The Global Revolution: An International History of Communism (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014) Porter, David, ‘French Anarchists and the Continuing Power of 1968’, Modern and Contemporary France, vol. 24:2 (May 2016), 143-59 Priestland, David, The Red Flag: Communism and the Making of the Mondern World (New York: Penguin, 2009) Puigsech, Josep, La revolucio russa i Catalunya, 1917-1939 (Vic: Eumo, 2017) Purkiss, Richard, Democracy, Trade Unions, and Political Violence in Spain: The Valencian Anarchist Movement, 1918-1936 (Brighton: Sussex Academic Press, 2011) Rabinowitch, Alexander, The Bolsheviks in Power: The First Year ofSoviet Rule in Petrograd (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2008) Rapp-Lantaron, E., ‘Vliyanie velikoi oktiabrskoi sotsialistichskoi revoliutsii podem v Ispanii v 1918—1920’, in Ivan Maiskii (editors), Problemy rabochego i antifashistskogo dvizhenii v Ispanii (Moscow. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1960), 75-89 Rees, Tim, ‘Deviation and Discipline: Anti-Trotskyism, Bolshevization and the Spanish Communist Party, 1924—34’, Historical
Research, vol. 82:215 (2009), 131-56 Rees, Tim, “‘Not Completely Communist”: Regionalism and the Spanish Communist Party, 1920-1941’, Twentieth Century Communism, vol. 5 (2013), 85—103 Rees, Tim and Thorpe, Andrew, International Communism and the Communist International, 1919-1943 (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1998) Riottot, Yveline, Joaquin Maurin : de Гanarcho-syndicalisme au communisme (Paris: L’Harmattan, 1997) Riottot, Yveline, Joaquin Maurin, о la utopia desarmada (Zaragoza: Diputaciôn General, 2004) Rodés, Jesùs, ‘El socialisme català i larevoluciô soviètica’, L'Avenç, vol. 9 (October 1978) Romero Salvadô, Francisco, ‘Between the Catalan Quagmire and the Red Spectre, Spain, November 1918-April 1919’, Historical Journal, vol. 60:3 (September 2017), 795-815 Romero Salvadô, Francisco, ‘The Comintern fiasco in Spain: The Borodin Mission and the Birth of the Spanish Communist Party’, Revolutionary Russia, vol. 21:2 (November 2008), 153-77 Romero Salvadô, Francisco, The Foundations of Civil War: Revolution, Social Conflict and Reaction in Liberal Spain, 1916-1923 (London: Routledge, 2008) Romero Salvadô, Francisco, Political Comedy and Social Tragedy: Spain, a Laboratory of Social Conflict, 1892-1921 (Brighton: Liverpool University Press, 2020) Romero Salvadô, Francisco, Spain, 1914-1918: Between War and Revolution (London: Routledge 1999) Romero Salvadô, Francisco, ‘Spain’s Revolutionary Crisis of 1917: A Reckless Gamble’, in Francisco Romero Salvadô and Angel Smith (editors), The Agony ofSpanish Liberalism: From Revolution to Dictatorship, 1917—1923
(Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2010), 62-91 Santos Santos, Maria Cruz, ‘Hace cien anos, la CNT y el congreso de Sants: la respuesta sindical a los nuevos desafios del capitalism©’, Viento Sur (07/12/2018) Sennett, Alan, Revolutionary Marxism in Spain, 1930-1937 (Leiden: Brill, 2014)
238 Bibliography Sennikov, Egor, ‘Bol’shoi razgovor: Boris Kolonitskii’, Republic, 24 November 2017. Published online, https://republic.ru/posts/87949?code=a52aal8a0bl393896edec043152 6106f [Accessed: 04/03/2018] Serge, Victor, Year One ofthe Russian Revolution (London: Pluto Press, 1992) Service, Robert, Comrades! A World History of Communism (London: MacMillan, 2007). Shubin, Alexandr, Makhno i ego vremia: о Velikoi revoliutsii i grazhdanskoi voine, 1917—1922gg. V Rossii i na Ukraine (Moscow: URSS, 2015) Simeon Riera, Daniel, Entre la rebellia i la tradiciô: Lliria durant la Republica i la Guerra Civil (1931-1939) (Valencia: Diputacio València, 1993) Sledzkine, Yuri, The House of Government: A Saga of the Russian Revolution (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2017) Smith, Angel, Anarchism, Revolution and Reaction: Catalan Labor and the Crisis of the Spanish State, 1898-1923 (New York: Berghahn, 2007) Smith, Angel, ‘From Subordination to Contestation: The Rise of Labour in Barcelona, 1898— 1918’, in Angel Smith (editor), Red Barcelona: Social Protest and Labour Mobilization in the Twentieth Century (London: Routledge, 2002), 17-43 Smith, Stephen A. (editor), The Oxford Handbook of the History of Communism (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014). Smith, Stephen A., Revolution and the People in Russia and China: A Comparative History (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008) Smith, Stephen A., Russia in Revolution: An Empire in Crisis, 1890-1928 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017) Solano, Wilebaldo, The Life ofAndreu Nin (Leeds: ILP, 1974) Souvlis, George;
Zoffmann Rodriguez, Arturo and Smith, S. A., ‘Interview with S. A. Smith’, Revolutionary Russia (October 2018) Steinberg, Mark D., Proletarian Imagination: Self Modernity, and the Sacred in Russia, 1910-1925 (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2002) Taibo II, Paco Ignacio, Que sean fuego las estrellas: Barcelona (1917-1923) (Barcelona: Critica, 2016) Telo, Antonio José, Decadència e queda da Republica portuguesa, vol. 1 (Lisbon: Regra do Jogo, 1980) Thion-Soriano Mollâ, Dolores, Ernesto Bark: un propagandista de la modernidad, 1858-1924 (Alicante: Institut Juan Gil Albert, 1998) Thomas, Hugh, The Spanish Civil War (London: Penguin, 2003) Thorpe, Wayne, The Workers Themselves: Revolutionary Syndicalism and International Labour, 1913-1923 (Amsterdam: IISH, 1989) Tosstorff, Reiner, The Red International of Labour Unions (RILU), 1920-1937 (Leiden: Brill, 2016) Tosstorff, Reiner, ‘The Syndicalist Encounter with Bolshevism’, Anarchist Studies, vol. 17:2 (September 2009), 10 Trotsky, Leon, History of the Russian Revolution (1932) https://www.marxists.org/archive/ trotsky/1930/hrr/index.htm [Accessed: 15/12/2018] Trotsky, Leon, The Revolution in Spain (1931) https://www.marxists.org/archive/ trotsky/1931/spain/spain04.htm [Accessed: 16/08/2017] Trotsky, Leon, ‘Theses on Revolution Counterrevolution’ (1926) https://www.marxists. org/archive/trotsky/1926/xx/revo.htm [Accessed 11/12/2016] Tunôn de Lara, Manuel, Espana: la quiebra de 1898. Costay Unamuno en la crisis de fin de siglo (Madrid: Sarpe, 1986) Turcato, Davide, Making Sense of Anarchism: Errico Malatesta’s Experiments with
Revolution, 1889-1900 (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2012)
Bibliography 239 Turcato, Davide, ‘The 1896 London Congress: Prologue or Epilogue?’ in Constance Bantman and David Berry (editors). New Perspectives on Anarchism, Labour and Syndicalism (Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars, 2010), 110-25 Ucelay-Da Cal, Enric, ‘Lost Causes as a Historical Typology of Reaction: A Spanish Perspective, from Jacobites to Neofascists and Spanish Republicans’, Journal ofSpanish Cultural Studies, vol. 5:2 (July 2004), 145-64 Vadillo, Julian, Historia de la CNT: utopia, pragmatisme y revolution (Madrid: Catarata, 2019) Werner, Michael and Zimmermann, Bénédicte, ‘Beyond Comparison: Histoire Croisée and the Challenge of Reflexivity’, History and Theory, vol. 45:1 (February 2006), 30-50 Winston, Collin, Workers and the Right in Spain, 1900-1936 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985) Wolikow, Serge, L’Internationale communiste (1919-1943): le Komintern ou le rêve déchu du parti mondial de la révolution (Paris: Cherche midi, 2010) Yeoman, James, Print Culture and the Formation of the Anarchist Movement in Spain, 1890-1915 (London: Routledge, 2020) Zoffmann Rodriguez, Arturo ‘Andreu Nin, Joaquin Maurin y los comunistas-sindicalistas de la CNT: nuevas perspectivas desde los archivos rusos’, in Pelai Pagès and Pepe Gutiérrez (editors), La Revolution rusapasopor aqui (Barcelona: Laertes, 2017), 99-135 Zoffmann Rodriguez, Arturo. ‘Deserters of War, Soldiers of Revolution: Charles Francis Phillips and the Origins of Communism in the Americas, 1914-21 ’, American Communist History, vol. 20:3-4 (2021), 139-64. Zoffmann Rodriguez, Arturo. ‘Embajadas y
Barricadas: Mijail Borodin, Su Equipo Y Los origenes Del Comunismo En México y Espana, 1919-1920’, Estudios De Historia Moderna Y Contemporânea De México, vol. 62 (2021), 93-122. Zoffmann Rodriguez, Arturo, ‘Lenin in Barcelona: the Russian Revolution and the Spanish trienio bolchevista, 1917-1920’, Slavic Review, vol. 76:3 (Autumn 2017), 629-36 Zoffmann Rodriguez, Arturo, “‘Marxistisch und Proudhonistisch zugleich”: die Kommunisten-Syndikalisten der Spanischen CNT 1917-1924’, Arbeit-BewegungGeschichte, vol. 16:3 (Autumn 2017), 74-96 Zoffmann Rodriguez, Arturo, Έ1 menchevique madrileno: Nikolâi Tasin y la revolution rusa en Espana’, Ebre 38, vol. 8 (2018), 25-51 Zoffmann Rodriguez, Arturo, Off to Moscow with No Passports and No Money: The 1921 Spanish Syndicalist Delegation to Russia’, European History Quarterly, vol. 48:3 (2018), 436-61 Zoffmann Rodriguez, Arturo and Marinello Bonnefoy, Juan Cristobal, ‘Proletarian Turf War: The Rise and Fall of Barcelona’s Sindicatos Libres, 1919-23’, International Review ofSocial History, vol. 66 (2021), 243-71. Unpublished secondary sources Resis, Albert, The Profintern: origins to 1923 (Columbia University: 1967) Santos Santos, Maria, Angel Pestana: el caballero de la triste figura (University of Barcelona: 2003)
Index ABC newspaper 43 Acciön Sindicalista 194, 196, 198, 200 affinity groups 15, 63, 105, 106 Alfonso XIII 6,115 aliadôfilos 16, 48, 78 Allied news corporations 44 Amado, J. 103 American Federation of Labour 135 Amsterdam-based International Federation of Trade Unions (IFTU) 128 anarchism 10,11,13,14,28-36,45, 53, 123,124, 147,175; affinity groups 105; anti-Bolshevism 106, 168-92; anti-Communist turn of 174; barefaced betrayal 60; BrestLitovsk settlement 58; Catalan 15; October Revolution 55; principles of 176; Spain 15; terrorism 10 anarchist-influenced guerrillas 153 anarcho-communists 63, 170 anarcho-reformism 206 anarcho-syndicalism 14, 29,30-33,49, 53, 57, 64, 83, 129,170,190; apex of 103-4; movement 11 ; orthodox 181; persecution of 203; prescience of 50; Spain 53, 63 Andalusia 10,19, 26,28, 30,66, 67, 107-9,112 Andrade, J. 211 Anido, Μ. 22,168-69, 176, 185-87,203 antagonism 11, 110,175 anti-Bolsheviks 168-92,190,192, 227 anti-communist 177 anti-elections 197 anti-Semitism 47 Antonelli, É. 47 LaAntorcha 214 Arlandis, H. 147,172,184,185,188, 200,211 Arlegui, Μ. 186-87, 200, 203 armistice 59-61 August Days 15-19 Austria 29, 30, 55 Bakuninism 107,184,225 Bakunin, Μ. 9, 48,181 Balabanova, A. 134 Baltics 56 Bandera Roja 90 Barcelona?, 168; absolute control 104; anarchist elements 104; anarchist movement of 15; anarchosyndicalist movement of 6; basic necessities, price of 16; Comités Sindicalistas Revolucionarios 203; communist-syndicalist in 203, 205; conciliatory line in 187; illiteracy in 7; National Confederation of Labour 13; population density 10; professional
agitators of 45; red censorship 20; rents in 21; Russian colony in 45; Tragic Week riots in 8; trigger-happy anarchists of 18; unemployment 16; urban anarchists of 68; urban proletariat of 10 Barcelona plenum 148-50, 179 Barri Xino 10 La Batalla 203,205,208, 213; campaign of 213; communist-syndicalists 207; growing popularity of 207; opportunistic strategy of 210; victories of 209 Berkman, A. 13,153, 170 Berlin 19,43, 150; International Workingmen’s Association in 171 Berliner Tageblatt 55 Birth ofOur Power 46 black repartition 67 blockade 125 Bloc Obrer i Camperai (ВОС) 215-16
242 Index Boal, E. 141, 169 Bolshevik-Communist party 81 Bolshevik Party 75-83 Bolshevik Revolution 13, 25, 34, 143 Bolshevism/Bolsheviks/Bolshevik Party 1-3, 18, 23, 24, 28-36, 57, 106, 127, 129, 136, 140, 172, 183, 195; accusation 44; agents in Madrid 26; an air of assurance, of self-confidence, decisiveness and certainty 131; anarchist enthusiasm for 171; ceremonies and nomenclature 139; co-opted 138; to debate 80-83; dictatorship 85; economic measures 73; effectiveness of 225; mission 55; in Moscow 226; negotiating, 1917-19 43-91; peace for national reorganization 57; proselytism 47; reckless and uncompromising 131; reformism and 191; seizure of power 55; social revolution 112; Spanish Communist Party 175; subversive schemes of 55; sympathy 58; syndicalism to 148; Third International 103 Bonafoux, L. 76 Bono, V. 176 Borghi, A. 142, 144 Borodin-Phillips mission: Mexico to Moscow via Madrid 115-18; National Confederation of Labour 122—24; Partida Comunista Espanol 122-24; party of one hundred children 120-21; Socialist Party divided 118-20 Bourbon Restoration regime 4 bourgeois politics 11, 12 bourgeois press 44 Brest-Litovsk settlement 58 Buenacasa, Μ. 2, 24, 25, 33, 44, 47, 53, 54, 61, 62, 64-66, 75-78, 80, 84, 87-89,91,104-11,170-71, 174,175,178,181, 183, 190, 191,208 Bueso, A. 24, 209 Bulgaria 59 bureaucracy 63, 78, 176, 227 Cambô, F. 17 La Canadenca strike 26, 32, 103, 105 capitalism 20, 22,48, 51, 65, 70; debacle of 114; European 154; international 55; Red Scare 25; in Russia 29, 51, 76; state 177 Carbo, E. 44, 124, 108-24,174-75,181, 183, 190-91 Casa del Obrero
Mundial 12 Casa del Pueblo 104 Catalan communism 145 Catalan Federation of Anarchist Groups 72 Catalan republicanism 146 de Cavia, Mariano 6 cenetistas 18, 28, 43, 58, 145-48,172 Central Europe, armistice and revolution in 59-61 centralism 63, 139, 189 Cerrito, G. 29 Civil War 46, 61, 84-91, 138 CNT see National Confederation of Labour (CNT) collective violence 195 Comedia congress 103-15, 146 Comintern congress 2, 131-36 Comités Sindicalistas Revolucionarios (CSR) 200-3 communism 23, 106, 177; antiparliamentary brand of 118; Bolshevik 196; campaign against 184; ideological demarcation with 175; implement 55; international 132; left-wing of 121; libertarian 28, 113, 130, 178, 179; Russia 3, 6, 24, 30, 31; socialization 68; Spain 115, 121, 123, 154,210 Communist International 2, 11, 145 communists 3, 76, 81, 106, 13 8, 154, 173; in America 118; anti-colonialism 115; dictatorship 85; infiltration 193; labour movement 154; Red International of Labour Unions 176; repartition 67 communist-syndicalism 145, 190, 195, 202; in Barcelona 203, 205; bloc with moderates 203-210; Partido Comunista de Espana and 210-16; Portuguese 198; against the stream 198-203; revisionism 194; Spain 194, 198, 213; sui generis 193—98 Comunismo Libertario ΥΠ El Comunista 141 Confederation, battle for 178-87 Confederaçao Gérai do Trabalho (CGT, Portugal), 198-200 Confédération Générale du Travail (CGT, France) 78 Confederazione Generale del Lavoro (CGT, Italy) 129, 135 Constituent Assembly 66 constituent parliament 66
Index 243 constitutional democracy 49 cordon sanitaire 138 counterrevolution 27, 57, 85, 125; in Russia 88; in Spain 88 Covilhä congress 192 Crimea 7 Cuba 4, 9 cynicism 1, 226 Dato, E. 148 defeat, experience of: anti-Bolshevik turn, of anarchists 1921-22 168-92; communist-syndicalism, 1922-24 193-216 democracy 16; constitutional 49; dictatorship 76; grassroots 28; peace 54 Denjean, E 32 Der Syndikalist 151 Diaz, D. 35 Diaz del Moral, J. 2, 19 dictatorship 44, 143; concept of 175; democratic 76; of proletariat 84-91; rejection of 175 Diez, G. 173, 176, 178, 181, 189 disbelief 1,28, 34, 227 doctrinal contradictions 55 Dos Passos, J. 19 Durân, F. 171 Durruti, B. 191 Dzerzhinsky, F. 153 Ealham, C. 174 Elorrieta, T. 7 equality 33, 44, 51, 140 Espartaco 34, 90 European imperialism 57 European labour organizations 53 European Social Democracy 30, 58 Europe burning: August Days 15-19; Red Scare 25-28; town and country up in arms 19-25 Europe, revolutions in 27 Executive Committee of the Communist International 156 extraordinary urgency 29 Extremadura 19, 30 extremism 89-91 fait accompli 62 Fanelli, G. 9 February Revolution 48-51, 51, 53, 75 Fedele, S. 36 Federation Nacional de Agricultores (FNA) 67 federalism 28, 157,189 First International 9, 14, 61, 128, 132, 175, 176 First World War 4, 8, 47, 86, 115, 169, 225; neutrality 15; Russian Revolution, outbreak of 28; Spain 6,15 Foix, P. 150-51, 154, 171,176-77, 185, 188 Forcadell, C. 16, 30, 65 Fornells, J. 29 France 6, 45, 46 Freie Arbeiter Union Deutschlands (FAUD) 170 French Revolution 1,48, 49, 138; political freedoms and equality
69; ubiquitous model of 49 Garcia Oliver, J. 14 Gasset, R. 23, 32 germanofilos 16, 48 Germany 20, 29, 30, 43, 51, 55; maximalism 60; military intervention 53; Red International of Labour Unions 171; revolution in 59 Girbau, Μ. 25 Goldman, E. 153, 170 Gômez, J. 21 Gonzâlez, C. 199,211,214 Gorky, Μ. 76 Gramsci, A. 71 grassroots democracy 28 Guardia Roja 59 Guerra, S. 185 El Heraldo de Mexico 116 hostility 14; Bolsheviks 46, 49; libertarian 132; October Revolution 29; scepticism and, 2 Ibânez, J. 31,147, 202 Iberian Peninsula 9,10, 13, 24,213 Iglesias, P. 9 illiteracy: in Barcelona 7; in Moscow 7 El Imparcial 45 imperialist war 52-58 industrialization 8, 9 inflation 16, 21 intermediaries 45^18 International 61-63 international capitalism 55 International Trade Union Council (ITUC) 130,135 International Workingmen’s Association (IWMA) 113, 114, 171
244 Index internecine tensions 34 Intersindical Obrera de Lengua Espanola (IOLE) 171 Iskra 76, 80 Italy, Mussolini’s success in 204 Izvestia 66 Jordân, F. 12, 175 Jul, P. 79 Juventudes Socialistas 120, 121, 123 Kolonitsky, B. 27 Kollontai, A. 154, 195 Komuch 66 Kronstadt 153, 170 Kropotkin, P. 8, 48, 139 Kropotkin, S. 139 Krupskaya, N. 154 Lafargue, P. 9 laissezfaire 127 Layret, F. 168 La Lectura 47 Ledesma, P. 10 left-centrists 210 Left Social Revolutionaries 57 Left-Wing Communism: An Infantile Disorder 121 Le Libertaire 150, 153, 170 Lenin 53, 54, 75-83, 121; agrarian policies 68; British trade unionist 129; power must belong to the proletariat 70; programme 55; The State and Revolution ΑΊ Lerroux, A. 12, 70 Levai, G. 8, 16, 21, 22, 189 L’Humanité 150 liberal alliance, labour movement with 18 libertarian communism 113, 178 El Libertario 78 Lippmann, W. 44 London 43 Lopez Rodrigo, A. 198 Lozovsky, S. 128,131,182,184,185 Lucha Obrera 207, 208, 213 Lucha Social 147, 178, 179, 181, 188, 197,211 lurching left 33-36 Madrid 6, 11, 104-6; Interior Ministry in 26; Marxist group in 9; Mexico to Moscow via 115—18; trade union movement in 173 madrilènes 105 Makhno, N. 137, 139, 152, 158,170,177 maksimalisty 76 Maksimov, O. 154 Malillos, A. 211 Mafié i Miravet, T. 174 Maria Penarrocha, J. 23 Markov, A. 45 Markovich, Μ. 116 Marxism/Marxists 3, 6, 9, 11-13, 29,45, 106, 110, 147,175; radical tenets of 10; as reformist 12; in syndicalist clothing 151 Marx, K. 9, 12, 32, 76, 80 Maurin, J. 6, 11, 12, 122, 172, 179,182, 192, 193, 196,200,206,211,215 maximalism 25, 31, 55, 75-80; exercise
power 77; Germany 60 El Maximalista 31, 46, 63 Meaker, G. 144 Memoirs ofa Revolutionary 46 Mensheviks 30 Mestre, J. 79 Mexican Revolution 12, 69 Mexico 115-18 Miguel, A. 61 Miliukov, P. 17 Monatte, P. 111 Monjo, A. 28 Morocco 4, 7 Moscow: anarcho-communists 170; anarcho-syndicalists 170; Bolshevism in 226; illiteracy in 7; libertarian alternative to 171; from Mexico via Madrid 115-18; Red Guard in 58; Red International of Labour Unions in 145, 171 Mussolini 204 Napoleonic despotism 1 National Committee 188 National Confederation of Labour (CNT) 2,13, 50, 189; anarchism w. syndicalism 14; centrality of 3; colonial counter-insurgency 22; Comintern congress 137; communist infiltration in 193; exhaustion and disappointment for 172; false-flag operation against 203; great impetus of reorganization of 203; growth of, 1917-19 28-29; ideological content of 3,108; infatuation of 29;
Index 245 internal strife 190; International 61, 62; membership of 14; national committee of 60, 104, 168; October Revolution 18; optimism and selfassurance 103; Partido Comunista Espanol and 122-24; pro-Bolshevik sentiments 169; repression, in 1917-19 169; Russian Revolution 25; Sindicatos Libres 173; social war 53; Solidaridad Obrera 53; Third International 113; violence and repression 146; virulent campaign 143 Nationalist Federal Republican Union (UFNR) 146 negotiating Bolshevism, 1917-19: Civil War 84—91; to debate 80-83; February Revolution 48-51; land and factories 66-75; maximalists 75-80; October Revolution 51-52; proletariat, dictatorship of 84-91; soviets 63-66; transmission belts 43^18; war, peace, and the international 52-63 neutrality, First World War 15, 27 news agencies 43 new trade union international 127-31 Nicholas II 6 Nin, A. 7,110, 193, 206 Nin-Maurin mission, 1921: Barcelona plenum 148-50; cenetistas, new generation of 145^18; Red International of Labour Unions 154-58; revenants 158-59; trip to Russia 150-54 Noi del Sucre 15, 34,104,105,112,204,206 North America 44 Nùcleos Sindicalistas Revolutionaries 198 obreros conscientes 77 October Revolution 18, 29, 30, 51-52, 54, 115, 194 optimism 103, 225 Orientalism 47 Ortega y Gasset, J. 6 Oscar Pérez Solis 11, 201-3 Palo Alto 115 Paris 43 Partido Comunista de Espana (PCE) 120-24,173,193; candidacy of 177; communist-syndicalism 193, 210-16 Partido Comunista Obrere (PCO) 173 Partido Obrero de Unification Marxista (POUM) 193 Partido Socialista Obrero Espanol (PSOE) 9, 118; August Days 18; greyness and
reformism of 12; League of Nations 60; Marxist 13; moderate socialism of 11; radically proAllied 12; reformist socialists of 18; socialists of 55; Third International 122; traditional engagement with 13 the party of one hundred children 120-21 party-politics 190, 192 peace through revolution 53 peasants 66-68; free communism, autonomous, independent 137; selfishness of 137 Peirô, J. 78, 183, 204 Pestana,A. 104-6, 168, 189; Comintern congress 131-36; mission, 1920 124—45; new trade union international 127-31; Russia 1920 124-27; seventy days in Russia 137-45 Philippines 4 Phillips, C. 11,115,116, 121, 123 Piera, S. 168 Poland 7, 176 polarized politics 44 political disagreement 129 political resolution 189, 190 political revolution 69 politics 190 Portugal 192 post-war economic crisis 21 poverty 8, 14, 88, 124, 142, 143 pragmatism 15, 103, 194 Prat, J. 58, 86,159 Pravda 141 press 43—45 primus inter pares 62 privateers of interventionism 54 pro-Bolsheviks 145,190,192 professional agitators 45 pro-German press 43 programa mâximo 76 proletarian revolution 70 propagandistic information agencies 43 Pueblo 115 pure syndicalists 14 Purkiss, R. 23
246 Index Quemades, S. 30-34, 68-84, 104-11, 124 Quintanilla, E. 107, 113 Radek, K. 34, 56, 129, 134-35 radicalism 11, 17, 146 Ransome, A. 47 Rapallo treaty of April 1922 172, 177 Red Army 22, 35-36, 137; with anarchistinfluenced guerrillas 153; cultural and pedagogical programme of 140; frightful debacle 176; in Poland 176 red censorship 20 Redenciôn 174, 178, 181 Red Guard 20, 56, 58, 81, 85 Red International of Labour Unions (RILU) 127, 135, 136,179; anarchosyndicalist 153; backhanded and negative criticisms of 151; communists in 176; with Executive Committee of the Communist International 156; factional differences 155; Germany against 171; in Moscow 171; partisans of 182; syndicalists 156; Third International and 155, 178; virulent enemies of 151 Red Scare 25-28 Red Terror 85 reformists 11-13, 182 repression 143, 169 Reuters 44 revolution 125, 175, 226; besieged 84-85; in Central Europe 59-61; social 50; war and 43 revolutionaries 11-13 revolutionary syndicalism 109, 132, 157 right-centrists 119,121,122 RILU see Red International of Labour Unions (RILU) Riottot, Y. 196 Rocker, R. 170 Romanones, C. 11 Rosmer, A. 47, 125 Roy, Μ. N. 115 Russia: apparent tyranny in 112; autocratic 16; black repartition in 67; capitalism in 51; counterrevolution in 88; debate on 109-15; economic hardship 23; economic transformation of 69; October Revolution in 18; Pestana in 13745; pre-revolutionary 21; social revolution in 29; in Solidaridad Obrera 34; Spain and 6-9; trip to 150-54 Russian Civil War 22,44, 59, 60, 85-87,118 Russian people 74-75 Russian Revolution 1-3, 7-8,12,32, 47,53,
109, 138,147,186,194, 225, 226; anarcho-syndicalists 50; baptism 24; emancipatory principles of 56; enormous sensation 24; enthusiastic backing of 110; extraordinary thrill 66; galvanising myth of 23; intoxicating allure of 142; manipulations and disfigurations 44; Marxism 6, 111 ; National Confederation of Labour 25; optimism 12; practical influence 50; radicalising fillip of 172; radicalizing surge of 12; rousing myth of 35; Spanish labour movement 4; on Spanish labour movement 25; tangibility of 70; theoretical debate on 110; Third International and 173; violence 84 Salân, J. 149 Samblancat, A. 106 scepticism 2, 23, 57, 68, 182 Second International 9, 62, 129 sectarianism 33, 108, 122, 173, 202,208, 227 Segui, S. 104-6, 112, 168,189, 203,204, 206 Serge, V. 1, 10,45, 48, 63, 87,139,141 Seville 20, 26, 87, 109, 168, 180, 204 Sindicatos Libres 22, 83, 168, 203 sindicatos ùnicos 28, 65-66, 141 Sin Nombre 56, 64, 74, 77 Six -weeks in Russia 47 slackers 116 Smith, A. 14, 191 social chauvinism 53, 225 social conflict 104 Social Democracy 2, 13, 71, 122; opportunist sins of 129; resilience of 128 Social Democrats 112 socialism 65 Socialist Party 11, 30; divided 118-20; internal life in 12 socialists 30-33; leadership 29 socialization of industry 68 social patriotism 53
Index 247 social revolution 50, 68-74,69,112 Social Revolutionary Party 76 El Sol 24,26 Solidaridad Obrera 15, 16, 25, 43-45, 47, 49, 50, 51,56-60, 64, 66, 68, 73, 76, 77,79,81,84,150,170,183, 190,203,207 solidarity 34 Sorel, G. 147, 194 El Soviet 71 Soviet despotism 226 Soviet Russia 1, 3, 25, 34 soviets: economic salvation board of 176; sindicatos ünicos and 65-66; workers’ power 63-65 Spain 2,9; anarcho-syndicalist movement in 53, 226; counterrevolution in 88; First World War 6-9, 15; labour movement in 12; liberal moment 17; military contribution 27; neutrality 27; polarized politics 44; political revolution 69; refuge in 45; Russia and 6-9; semi-feudal 70; social revolution 69; Soviet despotism generated revulsion in 226; strike activity 21; Third International in 172; Trotskyist Left Opposition in 145; uneven tempo lay in 27; war, economic impact of 16 Spanish anarcho-syndicalists 2,3,49, 63, 64, 75, 113, 124, 144 Spanish Communist Party 26,115, 120, 133, 134, 138, 147, 154, 175, 210,213 Spanish communist-syndicalism 194 Spanish Federation of the International 9 Spanish foreign ministry 45,47 Spanish influenza 21 Spanish labour movement 4, 9-11, 35, 174; political pendulum in 19; Russian Revolution on 25 Spanish parliamentary politics 10 Spanish Revolution 26, 27 Spartacist 19, 34,60, 86 Stalinism 216 The State and Revolution Μ, 85-89, 111 Stockholm conference 53, 54,61 Swadeshi Movement 115 syndicalism 11, 14, 123, 124; French style 14; principle of 111 ; Red International of Labour Unions and 156; revolutionary 109; sui generis 193-98; ultra-lefts and 132
syndicalist revisionism 194 Tailiver, J. 80 Tasin, N. 46-48 terceristas 118-22 terror 137 terrorist attacks 23 Third International 2, 3,12,13, 29, 61, 103, 106, 110, 113, 118, 122, 140, 150, 226; conditional affiliation to 30; first congress of 127; foreign syndicalists 170; Red International of Labour Unions and 155; in Spain 172 three missions: Borodin-Phillips 115-24; Comedia congress 103-15; NinMaurin, 1921 145-59; Pestana 124^45 Tierra y Libertad 46, 48, 51, 55, 56, 63, 70, 81, 127 Tinikov, V. 46 Tomsky, Μ. 135,136 Toward a World Commune 132 transmission belts: intermediaries 45^18; press 43-45 Trent, T. 115 trienio bolchevista 19,27 Trotsky, L. 6, 11, 46, 56, 75-83, 133, 227 Trujillo, Μ. 62 Ukraine 55, 57, 69, 125, 139, 152 ultra-lefts 132,173, 210 unemployment 16, 68,83 Unione Sindacale 198, 213 Union General del Trabajo (UGT) 30, 31, 168, 169 union sacrée 78 Urales, F. 72 utopia 25, 33, 51, 74 Valencia 19,23, 110,199 Viadiu, J. 45, 209 Vida Obrera 90 La Vie Ouvrière 88, 150, 200, 212 violence 23,84, 87, 89-91, 111, 169 violent rebellion 68, 85 voluntarism 194 Western Europe 7,44,64, 118,170 Wordsworth, W. 1 xenophobic psychosis 26 Zaragoza conference 187-93, 211 Zinoviev, G. 13, 84, 89, 127,128-33, 154, 215 Bayarischo I Stestsbibilothsk I München J |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Zoffmann Rodriguez, Arturo |
| author_GND | (DE-588)123993825X |
| author_facet | Zoffmann Rodriguez, Arturo |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Zoffmann Rodriguez, Arturo |
| author_variant | r a z ra raz |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV048929188 |
| classification_rvk | NQ 5070 NQ 3640 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1401179610 (DE-599)BVBBV048929188 |
| discipline | Geschichte |
| discipline_str_mv | Geschichte |
| era | Geschichte 1917-1924 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1917-1924 |
| format | Book |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>00000nam a2200000 cb4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV048929188</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20240206</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">230505s2024 |||| 00||| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781032535180</subfield><subfield code="q">hbk.</subfield><subfield code="9">978-1-032-53518-0</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="z">9781032535180</subfield><subfield code="9">978-1-03-253518-0</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)1401179610</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV048929188</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rda</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-11</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">OST</subfield><subfield code="q">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="2">fid</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">HIST</subfield><subfield code="q">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="2">fid</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">NQ 5070</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)128534:</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">NQ 3640</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)128416:</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Zoffmann Rodriguez, Arturo</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)123993825X</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">The Spanish anarchists and the Russian revolution, 1917-24</subfield><subfield code="b">anguish and enthusiasm</subfield><subfield code="c">Arturo Zoffmann Rodriguez</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">London ; New York</subfield><subfield code="b">Routledge</subfield><subfield code="c">[2024]</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">247 Seiten</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="490" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Routledge/Cañada Blanch studies on contemporary Spain</subfield><subfield code="v">30</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="648" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1917-1924</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Rezeption</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4049716-1</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Anarchismus</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4001887-8</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Februarrevolution</subfield><subfield code="g">1917</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4153812-2</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Oktoberrevolution</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4043429-1</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Spanien</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4055964-6</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Spanien</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4055964-6</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Anarchismus</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4001887-8</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Rezeption</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4049716-1</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="3"><subfield code="a">Februarrevolution</subfield><subfield code="g">1917</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4153812-2</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Oktoberrevolution</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4043429-1</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="5"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1917-1924</subfield><subfield code="A">z</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="775" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Äquivalent</subfield><subfield code="n">Druck-Ausgabe, Paperback</subfield><subfield code="z">978-1-032-53522-7</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Erscheint auch als</subfield><subfield code="n">Online-Ausgabe</subfield><subfield code="z">978-1-003-41246-5</subfield><subfield code="o">10.4324/9781003412465</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="830" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Routledge/Cañada Blanch studies on contemporary Spain</subfield><subfield code="v">30</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-604)BV012882148</subfield><subfield code="9">30</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034193169&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034193169&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Literaturverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034193169&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Register // Gemischte Register</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="n">oe</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="q">BSB_NED_20240206</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="q">BSBWK1</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">909</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09042</subfield><subfield code="g">46</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">909</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09041</subfield><subfield code="g">471</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">909</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09041</subfield><subfield code="g">46</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="943" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-034193169</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| geographic | Spanien (DE-588)4055964-6 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Spanien |
| id | DE-604.BV048929188 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T21:56:51Z |
| indexdate | 2024-08-31T01:53:11Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781032535180 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-034193169 |
| oclc_num | 1401179610 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-11 DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-11 DE-12 |
| physical | 247 Seiten |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20240206 BSBWK1 |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publishDateSearch | 2024 |
| publishDateSort | 2024 |
| publisher | Routledge |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Routledge/Cañada Blanch studies on contemporary Spain |
| series2 | Routledge/Cañada Blanch studies on contemporary Spain |
| spelling | Zoffmann Rodriguez, Arturo Verfasser (DE-588)123993825X aut The Spanish anarchists and the Russian revolution, 1917-24 anguish and enthusiasm Arturo Zoffmann Rodriguez London ; New York Routledge [2024] 247 Seiten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Routledge/Cañada Blanch studies on contemporary Spain 30 Geschichte 1917-1924 gnd rswk-swf Rezeption (DE-588)4049716-1 gnd rswk-swf Anarchismus (DE-588)4001887-8 gnd rswk-swf Februarrevolution 1917 (DE-588)4153812-2 gnd rswk-swf Oktoberrevolution (DE-588)4043429-1 gnd rswk-swf Spanien (DE-588)4055964-6 gnd rswk-swf Spanien (DE-588)4055964-6 g Anarchismus (DE-588)4001887-8 s Rezeption (DE-588)4049716-1 s Februarrevolution 1917 (DE-588)4153812-2 s Oktoberrevolution (DE-588)4043429-1 s Geschichte 1917-1924 z DE-604 Äquivalent Druck-Ausgabe, Paperback 978-1-032-53522-7 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-1-003-41246-5 10.4324/9781003412465 Routledge/Cañada Blanch studies on contemporary Spain 30 (DE-604)BV012882148 30 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034193169&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034193169&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034193169&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Zoffmann Rodriguez, Arturo The Spanish anarchists and the Russian revolution, 1917-24 anguish and enthusiasm Routledge/Cañada Blanch studies on contemporary Spain Rezeption (DE-588)4049716-1 gnd Anarchismus (DE-588)4001887-8 gnd Februarrevolution 1917 (DE-588)4153812-2 gnd Oktoberrevolution (DE-588)4043429-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4049716-1 (DE-588)4001887-8 (DE-588)4153812-2 (DE-588)4043429-1 (DE-588)4055964-6 |
| title | The Spanish anarchists and the Russian revolution, 1917-24 anguish and enthusiasm |
| title_auth | The Spanish anarchists and the Russian revolution, 1917-24 anguish and enthusiasm |
| title_exact_search | The Spanish anarchists and the Russian revolution, 1917-24 anguish and enthusiasm |
| title_exact_search_txtP | The Spanish anarchists and the Russian revolution, 1917-24 anguish and enthusiasm |
| title_full | The Spanish anarchists and the Russian revolution, 1917-24 anguish and enthusiasm Arturo Zoffmann Rodriguez |
| title_fullStr | The Spanish anarchists and the Russian revolution, 1917-24 anguish and enthusiasm Arturo Zoffmann Rodriguez |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Spanish anarchists and the Russian revolution, 1917-24 anguish and enthusiasm Arturo Zoffmann Rodriguez |
| title_short | The Spanish anarchists and the Russian revolution, 1917-24 |
| title_sort | the spanish anarchists and the russian revolution 1917 24 anguish and enthusiasm |
| title_sub | anguish and enthusiasm |
| topic | Rezeption (DE-588)4049716-1 gnd Anarchismus (DE-588)4001887-8 gnd Februarrevolution 1917 (DE-588)4153812-2 gnd Oktoberrevolution (DE-588)4043429-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Rezeption Anarchismus Februarrevolution 1917 Oktoberrevolution Spanien |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034193169&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034193169&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034193169&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV012882148 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zoffmannrodriguezarturo thespanishanarchistsandtherussianrevolution191724anguishandenthusiasm |