Scale development: theory and applications
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Los Angeles ; London ; New Dehli ; Singapore ; Washington DC ; Melbourne
SAGE
[2022]
|
| Ausgabe: | fifth edition |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Literaturverzeichnis Seite 269-279 |
| Beschreibung: | xvii, 298 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme |
| ISBN: | 9781544379340 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text |
• Brief Contents · xiii Preface Acknowledgments XV About the Authors xvii Chapter 1 • Overview Chapter 2 • Understanding the Latent Variable 19 Chapter 3 • Scale Reliability 33 Chapter 4 • Scale Validity 71 Chapters • Guidelines in Scale Development 91 Chapter 6 • Factor Analysis 137 Chapter 7 • The Index 183 Chapter 8 • An Overview of Item Response Theory 231 Chapter 9 • Measurement in the Broader Research Context 257 1 References 269 Index 281
• Detailed Contents · Preface xiii Acknowledgments xv About the Authors xvii Chapter 1 · Overview 1 General Perspectives on Measurement 2 Historical· Origins of Measurement in Social Science 3 Early Examples Emergence of Statistical Methods and the Role of Mental Testing The Role of Psychophysics Later Developments in Measurement Evolution of Basic Concepts Evolution of Mental Testing Assessment of Mental Illness Broadening the Domain of Psychometrics The Role of Measurement in the Social Sciences 3 5 5 6 6 7 7 10 The Relationship of Theory to Measurement 11 11 Theoretical and Atheoretical Measures Composite Measurement Tools 12 13 All Scales Are Not Created Equal 15 Costs of Poor Measurement 16 Summary and Preview 17 Exercises 18 Chapter 2 · Understanding the Latent Variable Constructs Versus Measures 19 19 Latent Variable as the Presumed Cause of Scale Item Values 21 Path Diagrams 22 22 22 Diagrammatic Conventions Path Diagrams in Scale Development Further Elaboration of the Measurement Model Classical Measurement Assumptions 25 25 Parallel Tests 26 Alternative Models 29
Choosing a Causai Modet ЗО Exercises 32 Note 32 Chapter 3 · Scale Reliability 33 Methods Based on the Anatysis of Variance 34 Continuous Versus Dichotomous Items 35 Internal Consistency 36 Coefficient ALpha 36 The Covariance Matrix Covariance Matrices for Mutti-ltem Scates Atpha and the Covariance Matrix Atternative Formula for Alpha Critique of Alpha 37 38 39 43 45 Remedies to Alpha’s Limitations 49 Coefficient Omega (to) 50 Reliability Based on Correlations Between Scale Scores 52 Alternate-Forms Reliability Split-Half Reliability Inter-Rater Agreement Temporal Stability Reliability of Change Scores 52 53 56 58 60 Reliability and Statistical Power 65 Generalizability Theory 66 Summary 68 Exercises 69 Notes 70 Chapter 4 · Scale Validity Content Validity Scope of the Variable and Implications for Content Validity Criterion-Related Validity Criterion-Retated Validity Versus Accuracy Construct Validity 71 72 73 78 79 82 Differentiating Construct From Criterion-Related Validity Attenuation How Strong Should Correlations Be to Demonstrate 83 84 Construct Validity? Multitrait-Multimethod Matrix 85 85 What About Face Validity? 87 Exercises 89
Chapter 5 · Guidelines in Scale Development Step 1: Determine Ctearty What It Is You Want to Measure Theory as an Aid to Ctarity Specificity as an Aid to Ctarity Being dear About What to Inctude in a Measure Step 2: Generate an Item Poot 91 91 91 92 93 94 Choose Items That Reflect the Scale's Purpose Redundancy 94 95 Number of Items Beginning the Process of Writing Items 97 98 Characteristics of Good and Bad Items 98 Positively and Negatively Worded Items Conclusion 101 102 Step 3: Determine the Format for Measurement 102 Thurstone Scaling Guttman Scaling 103 104 Scales With Equally Weighted Items 105 How Many Response Categories? Specific Types of Response Formats 106 110 Likert Scale 110 Semantic Differential 112 Visual Analog 113 Pictorial Response Options 114 Numerical Response Formats and Basic Neural Processes 116 Binary Options 117 Item Time Frames Mode of Administration 117 118 Step 4: Have Initial Item Pool Reviewed by Experts 119 Step 5: Cognitive Interviewing 120 Step 6: Consider Inclusion of Validation Items 122 Step 7: Administer Items to a Development Sample 123 Step 8: Evaluate the Items 125 Initial Examination of Items’ Performance 125 Reverse Scoring 126 Item-Scale Correlations 127 Item Variances 128 Item Means 128 Dimensionality 129 Reliability 129 Step 9: Optimize Scale Length Effect of Scale Length on Reliability 131 131
Effects of Dropping "Bad" Items Tinkering With Scate Length Split Samptes 131 132 133 Exercises 134 Note 135 Chapter 6 · Factor Analysis 137 Overview of Factor Analysis 138 Examples of Methods Analogous to Factor Analytic Concepts Example 1 139 139 Example 2 HI Shortcomings of These Methods 142 Conceptual Description of Factor Analysis Extracting Factors 144 144 The First Factor 144 Subsequent Factors 146 Deciding How Many Factors to Extract Rotating Factors 147 152 Rotation Analogy 1 153 Rotation Analogy 2 154 Rotation Analogy 3 155 Orthogonal Versus Oblique Rotation 161 Choosing Type of Rotation 164 Bifactor and Hierarchicat Factor Models 165 Interpreting Factors 170 Principal Components Versus Common Factors 172 Same or Different? 172 Confirmatory Factor Analysis 176 Using Factor Analysis in Scale Development 178 Sampte Size 180 Conclusion 182 Exercises 182 Chapter 7 · The Index How an Index Differs From a Scale The Two Distinct Types of Index Causal Formative Measures Composite Formative Measures Other Conceptual Differences Between Scales and Indices Empirical Differences Between Scates andIndices 183 183 185 185 186 188 189 Relationships Among Indicators 189 Impact of Adding Items 190 Rules of Thumb for Differentiating an IndexFrom a Scale 192 Limitations of Conceptual Criteria 193 Limitations of Empirical Criteria 195
Is It a Scate or an Index? Format Methods for Distinguishing Effect and Causat Indicators The Corretation Matrix Factor Anatysis Vanishing Tetrads Steps in Devetoping and Evatuating an Index Index Item Devetopment 196 196 197 198 202 202 The Role of Theory 202 Index Item Creation 202 Index Item Redundancy and Number 203 Other Index Devetopment Considerations 203 Evatuating Items 203 Regression as a Heuristic for Index Development 204 Regression as an Alternative to Index Development 205 Regression as a Method for Index Development and Validation Regression-Based Examples Index Vatidity 207 207 212 Content Validity 212 Construct Validity 212 Criterion Validity 216 Group Comparison Approach Index Retiabitity Hybrid Measures Hierarchical· Hybrids Hierarchical· Hybrid Indices and Multidimensional Scales Hybrids Invotving Nonhierarchicat Heterogeneous Indicators Methods Based on Structurat Equation Modeting Heuristic Overview of Structurat Equation Modeting MIMIC Modets 217 218 219 219 220 221 224 224 226 Criticisms of Index Composites 228 Exercises 229 Note 229 Chapter 8 · An Overview of Item Response Theory 231 Item Difficutty 234 Item Discrimination 236 Guessing, or Fatse Positives 236 Item-Characteristic Curves 238 IRT Apptied to Muttiresponse Items 241 Theta and Computerized Adaptive Testing (CAT) 248 Comptexities of IRT Conctusions 250 252 Exercises 255
Chapter 9 · Measurement in the Broader Research Context Before Scale Development 257 258 Look for Existing Tools View the Construct in the Context of the Population of interest 258 259 Consider the Scale in the Context of Other Measures or Procedures 260 After Scale Administration 261 Analytic Issues 261 Interpretation Issues Generalizabitity 262 262 Final Thoughts Small Measurement and Big Measurement Canoes and Cruise Ships Measurement "Canoes" and Measurement "Cruise Ships" Practical Implications of Small Versus Big Measurement Remember, Measurement Matters Exercise 263 263 263 264 266 267 268 References 269 Index 281 |
| adam_txt |
• Brief Contents · xiii Preface Acknowledgments XV About the Authors xvii Chapter 1 • Overview Chapter 2 • Understanding the Latent Variable 19 Chapter 3 • Scale Reliability 33 Chapter 4 • Scale Validity 71 Chapters • Guidelines in Scale Development 91 Chapter 6 • Factor Analysis 137 Chapter 7 • The Index 183 Chapter 8 • An Overview of Item Response Theory 231 Chapter 9 • Measurement in the Broader Research Context 257 1 References 269 Index 281
• Detailed Contents · Preface xiii Acknowledgments xv About the Authors xvii Chapter 1 · Overview 1 General Perspectives on Measurement 2 Historical· Origins of Measurement in Social Science 3 Early Examples Emergence of Statistical Methods and the Role of Mental Testing The Role of Psychophysics Later Developments in Measurement Evolution of Basic Concepts Evolution of Mental Testing Assessment of Mental Illness Broadening the Domain of Psychometrics The Role of Measurement in the Social Sciences 3 5 5 6 6 7 7 10 The Relationship of Theory to Measurement 11 11 Theoretical and Atheoretical Measures Composite Measurement Tools 12 13 All Scales Are Not Created Equal 15 Costs of Poor Measurement 16 Summary and Preview 17 Exercises 18 Chapter 2 · Understanding the Latent Variable Constructs Versus Measures 19 19 Latent Variable as the Presumed Cause of Scale Item Values 21 Path Diagrams 22 22 22 Diagrammatic Conventions Path Diagrams in Scale Development Further Elaboration of the Measurement Model Classical Measurement Assumptions 25 25 Parallel Tests 26 Alternative Models 29
Choosing a Causai Modet ЗО Exercises 32 Note 32 Chapter 3 · Scale Reliability 33 Methods Based on the Anatysis of Variance 34 Continuous Versus Dichotomous Items 35 Internal Consistency 36 Coefficient ALpha 36 The Covariance Matrix Covariance Matrices for Mutti-ltem Scates Atpha and the Covariance Matrix Atternative Formula for Alpha Critique of Alpha 37 38 39 43 45 Remedies to Alpha’s Limitations 49 Coefficient Omega (to) 50 Reliability Based on Correlations Between Scale Scores 52 Alternate-Forms Reliability Split-Half Reliability Inter-Rater Agreement Temporal Stability Reliability of Change Scores 52 53 56 58 60 Reliability and Statistical Power 65 Generalizability Theory 66 Summary 68 Exercises 69 Notes 70 Chapter 4 · Scale Validity Content Validity Scope of the Variable and Implications for Content Validity Criterion-Related Validity Criterion-Retated Validity Versus Accuracy Construct Validity 71 72 73 78 79 82 Differentiating Construct From Criterion-Related Validity Attenuation How Strong Should Correlations Be to Demonstrate 83 84 Construct Validity? Multitrait-Multimethod Matrix 85 85 What About Face Validity? 87 Exercises 89
Chapter 5 · Guidelines in Scale Development Step 1: Determine Ctearty What It Is You Want to Measure Theory as an Aid to Ctarity Specificity as an Aid to Ctarity Being dear About What to Inctude in a Measure Step 2: Generate an Item Poot 91 91 91 92 93 94 Choose Items That Reflect the Scale's Purpose Redundancy 94 95 Number of Items Beginning the Process of Writing Items 97 98 Characteristics of Good and Bad Items 98 Positively and Negatively Worded Items Conclusion 101 102 Step 3: Determine the Format for Measurement 102 Thurstone Scaling Guttman Scaling 103 104 Scales With Equally Weighted Items 105 How Many Response Categories? Specific Types of Response Formats 106 110 Likert Scale 110 Semantic Differential 112 Visual Analog 113 Pictorial Response Options 114 Numerical Response Formats and Basic Neural Processes 116 Binary Options 117 Item Time Frames Mode of Administration 117 118 Step 4: Have Initial Item Pool Reviewed by Experts 119 Step 5: Cognitive Interviewing 120 Step 6: Consider Inclusion of Validation Items 122 Step 7: Administer Items to a Development Sample 123 Step 8: Evaluate the Items 125 Initial Examination of Items’ Performance 125 Reverse Scoring 126 Item-Scale Correlations 127 Item Variances 128 Item Means 128 Dimensionality 129 Reliability 129 Step 9: Optimize Scale Length Effect of Scale Length on Reliability 131 131
Effects of Dropping "Bad" Items Tinkering With Scate Length Split Samptes 131 132 133 Exercises 134 Note 135 Chapter 6 · Factor Analysis 137 Overview of Factor Analysis 138 Examples of Methods Analogous to Factor Analytic Concepts Example 1 139 139 Example 2 HI Shortcomings of These Methods 142 Conceptual Description of Factor Analysis Extracting Factors 144 144 The First Factor 144 Subsequent Factors 146 Deciding How Many Factors to Extract Rotating Factors 147 152 Rotation Analogy 1 153 Rotation Analogy 2 154 Rotation Analogy 3 155 Orthogonal Versus Oblique Rotation 161 Choosing Type of Rotation 164 Bifactor and Hierarchicat Factor Models 165 Interpreting Factors 170 Principal Components Versus Common Factors 172 Same or Different? 172 Confirmatory Factor Analysis 176 Using Factor Analysis in Scale Development 178 Sampte Size 180 Conclusion 182 Exercises 182 Chapter 7 · The Index How an Index Differs From a Scale The Two Distinct Types of Index Causal Formative Measures Composite Formative Measures Other Conceptual Differences Between Scales and Indices Empirical Differences Between Scates andIndices 183 183 185 185 186 188 189 Relationships Among Indicators 189 Impact of Adding Items 190 Rules of Thumb for Differentiating an IndexFrom a Scale 192 Limitations of Conceptual Criteria 193 Limitations of Empirical Criteria 195
Is It a Scate or an Index? Format Methods for Distinguishing Effect and Causat Indicators The Corretation Matrix Factor Anatysis Vanishing Tetrads Steps in Devetoping and Evatuating an Index Index Item Devetopment 196 196 197 198 202 202 The Role of Theory 202 Index Item Creation 202 Index Item Redundancy and Number 203 Other Index Devetopment Considerations 203 Evatuating Items 203 Regression as a Heuristic for Index Development 204 Regression as an Alternative to Index Development 205 Regression as a Method for Index Development and Validation Regression-Based Examples Index Vatidity 207 207 212 Content Validity 212 Construct Validity 212 Criterion Validity 216 Group Comparison Approach Index Retiabitity Hybrid Measures Hierarchical· Hybrids Hierarchical· Hybrid Indices and Multidimensional Scales Hybrids Invotving Nonhierarchicat Heterogeneous Indicators Methods Based on Structurat Equation Modeting Heuristic Overview of Structurat Equation Modeting MIMIC Modets 217 218 219 219 220 221 224 224 226 Criticisms of Index Composites 228 Exercises 229 Note 229 Chapter 8 · An Overview of Item Response Theory 231 Item Difficutty 234 Item Discrimination 236 Guessing, or Fatse Positives 236 Item-Characteristic Curves 238 IRT Apptied to Muttiresponse Items 241 Theta and Computerized Adaptive Testing (CAT) 248 Comptexities of IRT Conctusions 250 252 Exercises 255
Chapter 9 · Measurement in the Broader Research Context Before Scale Development 257 258 Look for Existing Tools View the Construct in the Context of the Population of interest 258 259 Consider the Scale in the Context of Other Measures or Procedures 260 After Scale Administration 261 Analytic Issues 261 Interpretation Issues Generalizabitity 262 262 Final Thoughts Small Measurement and Big Measurement Canoes and Cruise Ships Measurement "Canoes" and Measurement "Cruise Ships" Practical Implications of Small Versus Big Measurement Remember, Measurement Matters Exercise 263 263 263 264 266 267 268 References 269 Index 281 |
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| index_date | 2024-07-03T17:57:45Z |
| indexdate | 2024-10-22T14:01:48Z |
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| isbn | 9781544379340 |
| language | English |
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| spelling | DeVellis, Robert F. Verfasser (DE-588)172042844 aut Scale development theory and applications Robert F. DeVellis, Carolyn T. Thorpe fifth edition Los Angeles ; London ; New Dehli ; Singapore ; Washington DC ; Melbourne SAGE [2022] xvii, 298 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Literaturverzeichnis Seite 269-279 Scaling (Social sciences) Sozialwissenschaften (DE-588)4055916-6 gnd rswk-swf Skalierung (DE-588)4055202-0 gnd rswk-swf Skalierung (DE-588)4055202-0 s Sozialwissenschaften (DE-588)4055916-6 s DE-604 Thorpe, Carolyn T. Verfasser (DE-588)1261033086 aut Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, EPUB 978-1-5443-7935-7 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, EPUB 978-1-5443-7933-3 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, PDF 978-1-5443-7932-6 Digitalisierung UB Passau - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032827597&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | DeVellis, Robert F. Thorpe, Carolyn T. Scale development theory and applications Scaling (Social sciences) Sozialwissenschaften (DE-588)4055916-6 gnd Skalierung (DE-588)4055202-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4055916-6 (DE-588)4055202-0 |
| title | Scale development theory and applications |
| title_auth | Scale development theory and applications |
| title_exact_search | Scale development theory and applications |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Scale development theory and applications |
| title_full | Scale development theory and applications Robert F. DeVellis, Carolyn T. Thorpe |
| title_fullStr | Scale development theory and applications Robert F. DeVellis, Carolyn T. Thorpe |
| title_full_unstemmed | Scale development theory and applications Robert F. DeVellis, Carolyn T. Thorpe |
| title_short | Scale development |
| title_sort | scale development theory and applications |
| title_sub | theory and applications |
| topic | Scaling (Social sciences) Sozialwissenschaften (DE-588)4055916-6 gnd Skalierung (DE-588)4055202-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Scaling (Social sciences) Sozialwissenschaften Skalierung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032827597&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT devellisrobertf scaledevelopmenttheoryandapplications AT thorpecarolynt scaledevelopmenttheoryandapplications |