Provocarea libertăţii: Târgu-Mureş, 16-21 martie 1990
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Weitere Verfasser: | |
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Romanian |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cluj-Napoca
Institutul pentru studierea problemelor minorităţilor naţionale
2016
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis Abstract Register // Personenregister |
| Beschreibung: | 295 Seiten Illustrationen |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nam a2200000 c 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV044262702 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 20191126 | ||
| 007 | t | ||
| 008 | 170405s2016 a||| |||| 00||| rum d | ||
| 020 | |z 9786068377438 |9 978-606-8377-43-8 | ||
| 020 | |z 6068377431 |9 6068377431 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)1002239927 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV044262702 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rda | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a rum | |
| 049 | |a DE-12 | ||
| 084 | |a OST |q DE-12 |2 fid | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Márton, László |d 1959- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)120234807 |4 aut | |
| 240 | 1 | 0 | |a A szabadság terhe : Marosvásárhely, 1990. március 16-21 |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Provocarea libertăţii |b Târgu-Mureş, 16-21 martie 1990 |c László Márton, Zoltán Csaba Novák ; tradus de Marius Tabacu ; prefaţă de Vladimir Tismăneanu |
| 264 | 1 | |a Cluj-Napoca |b Institutul pentru studierea problemelor minorităţilor naţionale |c 2016 | |
| 300 | |a 295 Seiten |b Illustrationen | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 546 | |a Zusammenfassung englisch | ||
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1945-1990 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1990 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Hongrois / Roumanie / 1990- .. |2 ram | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Politik |0 (DE-588)4046514-7 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Magyaren |0 (DE-588)4100008-0 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Niederschlagung |g Politik |0 (DE-588)4322325-4 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Minderheit |0 (DE-588)4752223-9 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Minderheitenrecht |0 (DE-588)4039411-6 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Demonstration |0 (DE-588)4070285-6 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 651 | 7 | |a Roumanie / 1989 (Révolution) |2 ram | |
| 651 | 7 | |a Roumanie / Relations interethniques / 1990- .. |2 ram | |
| 651 | 7 | |a Rumänien |0 (DE-588)4050939-4 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 651 | 7 | |a Târgu Mureş |0 (DE-588)506966-X |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 651 | 7 | |a Ungarn |0 (DE-588)4078541-5 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Târgu Mureş |0 (DE-588)506966-X |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Magyaren |0 (DE-588)4100008-0 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 2 | |a Minderheitenrecht |0 (DE-588)4039411-6 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 3 | |a Demonstration |0 (DE-588)4070285-6 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 4 | |a Niederschlagung |g Politik |0 (DE-588)4322325-4 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 5 | |a Politik |0 (DE-588)4046514-7 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 6 | |a Geschichte 1990 |A z |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 689 | 1 | 0 | |a Ungarn |0 (DE-588)4078541-5 |D g |
| 689 | 1 | 1 | |a Rumänien |0 (DE-588)4050939-4 |D g |
| 689 | 1 | 2 | |a Magyaren |0 (DE-588)4100008-0 |D s |
| 689 | 1 | 3 | |a Minderheit |0 (DE-588)4752223-9 |D s |
| 689 | 1 | 4 | |a Politik |0 (DE-588)4046514-7 |D s |
| 689 | 1 | 5 | |a Geschichte 1945-1990 |A z |
| 689 | 1 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Tabacu, Marius |4 trl | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Tismăneanu, Vladimir |d 1951- |0 (DE-588)132166844 |4 wpr | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029667584&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029667584&sequence=000002&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Literaturverzeichnis |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029667584&sequence=000003&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Abstract |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029667584&sequence=000004&line_number=0004&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Register // Personenregister |
| 940 | 1 | |n oe | |
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-029667584 | ||
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 909 |e 22/bsb |f 09049 |g 439 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 355.009 |e 22/bsb |f 09049 |g 439 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 307.09 |e 22/bsb |f 09049 |g 439 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 907.2 |e 22/bsb |f 09049 |g 439 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 355.009 |e 22/bsb |f 09049 |g 498 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 351.09 |e 22/bsb |f 09049 |g 498 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 351.09 |e 22/bsb |f 09049 |g 439 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 907.2 |e 22/bsb |f 09049 |g 498 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 909 |e 22/bsb |f 09049 |g 498 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 307.09 |e 22/bsb |f 09049 |g 498 |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804177440766951425 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Cuprins
ARGUMENT de Vladimir Tismăneanu 7
CUVÂNT-ÎNAINTE 9
ÎNAINTE DE REVOLUŢIA DIN 1989 15
Importanţa municipiului Târgu-Mureş în timpul comunismului 15
REVOLUŢIA ŞI SCHIMBAREA DE REGIM LA TÂRGU-MUREŞ 27
Lupta împotriva dictaturii 27
Alegerea noilor organe de conducere şi normalizarea situaţiei 37
Instituţionalizarea revoluţiei 42
„Vechea-noua” elită din Târgu-Mureş şi din judeţul Mureş 46
Problemele tranziţiei din judeţul Mureş şi din municipiul Târgu-Mureş 50
Formarea Consiliului Provizoriu de Unitate Naţională şi eşecul suferit
în abordarea problemelor locale 55
ETNICIZAREA SCHIMBĂRII DE REGIM 61
Relaţiile româno-maghiare şi schimbarea de regim din 1989 61
„Războiul rece” diplomatic din anii ’80 61
Noile speranţe de după revoluţie 67
Schimbarea regimului din România şi problema naţională 73
Apariţia problemei naţionale şi autoorganizarea maghiarilor
din România 73
Imposibilitatea rezolvării problemei naţionale 79
Etnicizarea tranziţiei politice la Târgu-Mureş 89
Apariţia problemei etnice 89
Schimbarea cadrelor de conducere şi problema naţională 94
Problema şcolară, cazul Liceului „Bolyai Farkas” şi al
Universităţii de Medicină şi Farmacie 98
Problema învăţământului din Târgu-Mureş şi din
judeţul Mureş la începutul anului 1990 98
Problemele etnice ale tranziţiei sistemului de învăţământ 99
Problema Liceului „Bolyai Farkas” şi a Universităţii de
Medicină şi Farmacie 102
O situaţie fără ieşire 109
înfiinţarea organizaţiilor Vatra Românească şi Frăţia 113
Extinderea conflictului 121
Rolul jucat de presă în escaladarea conflictului 126
5
PROVOCAREA LIBERTĂŢII. TÂRGU-MUREŞ, 16-21 MARTIE 1990
MARTIE 1990 LA TÂRGU-MUREŞ 139
Escaladarea tensiunii, sărbătorirea zilei de 15 martie şi interpretările
evenimentului 139
Disputa referitoare la inscripţiile bilingve. Cazul Farmaciei nr. 28 143
Demiterea lui Elod Kincses 152
Atacarea sediului UDMR 156
Contrademonstraţia maghiară 161
Confruntările de stradă de la Târgu-Mureş 169
DUPĂ ACEL MARTIE SÂNGEROS 177
Pacificarea oraşului 177
La masa tratativelor 181
Evenimentele de politică internă după martie 1990 187
Ecoul din Ungaria şi cel internaţional ai evenimentelor de la Târgu-Mureş 191
Acţiunile procuraturii, procesele şi sentinţele judecătoreşti legate de
evenimentele din martie 1990 199
Cazurile persoanelor deferite justiţiei ca urmare a evenimentelor din martie 203
SINTEZĂ ŞI CONCLUZII 217
în toiul schimbării regimului 217
„Influenţa” elitelor 229
ANEXE 243
Datele biografice ale personalităţilor cu rol mai important în
desfăşurarea evenimentelor 243
Viaţa publică din judeţul Mureş şi din municipiul Târgu-Mureş
în perioada 22 decembrie 1989 - 21 martie 1990 248
Cronologia evenimentelor 248
BIBLIOGRAFIE 275
ABSTRACT 281
INDEX 285
6
Bibliografìe
Andreescu, Gábriel
2001 Ruleta. Români şi maghiari 1990-2000. Editura Polirom, Bucureşti.
Bakk, Miklós
1999 Az RMDSZ, mint a romániai magyarság önmeghatározási kísérlete 1989
után. [UDMR ca încercare de autodefinire a maghiarimii din România după
1989] Régió. (2)81-116.
Bănescu, Gheorghe
2010 Demers pentru adevăr: Consemnări [f. ed., f. loc.].
Berindei, Mihnea - Combes, Ariadna - Planche, Anne
2010 Mineriada. 13-15 iunie 1990. Realitatea unei puteri neocomuniste. Editura Hu-
manitás, Bucureşti.
Bernáth, Gábor - Schmidt, Mária (coord.)
2011 Egymásnak ítélve. Fekete március Marosvásárhelyen. [Sortiţi unul celuilalt.
Martie negru la Târgu-Mureş] XX. Század Intézet, Budapest.
Bíró, A. Zoltán
1998 Intézményesedési folyamatok a romániai magyar társadalomban 1989-
1995 között. [Procese de instituţionalizare în societatea maghiară din
România în perioada 1989-1995] In: Bíró, A. Zoltán: Stratégiák vagy kény-
szerpályák? Tanulmányok a romániai magyar társadalomról [Strategii sau
drumuri silite? Studii despre societatea maghiară din România] Pro-Print,
Miercurea-Ciuc, 16-47.
Bodó, Zoltán - Cosmeanu, Marius - Mátéfíy, Csaba - Mărginean, Paul
1995 Alter/Ego târgumureşean. Altera 1.(1) 77-92.
Borda, Valentin
1995 Vatra Românească. Editura Petru Maior, Târgu-Mureş.
Borsi-Kálmán, Béla
2009 Szlovákia, Románia és a kisebbségi kérdés 1989 után (némi kitekintéssel
Csehországra és a Magyar Köztársaságra - kérdések, tények, tétova válasz-
félék). [Slovacia, România şi problema minoritară după 1989 (cu referire la
Cehoslovacia şi Republica Ungară - întrebări, fapte, încercări de răspunsuri
şovăielnice)] In: Juhász József - Krausz Tamás (coord.): Az új nemzetállamok
és az etnikai tisztogatások Kelet-Európábán 1989 után. [Noile state-naţiuni şi
purificările etnice în Europa de Est după 1989] L’Harmattan Kiadó - ELTE
ВТК Kelet-Európa Története Tanszék, Budapest, 191-212.
Bottoni, Stefano
2008 Sztálin a székelyeknél [Stalin la secui] Editura Pro-Print, Miercurea-Ciuc.
2010 Transilvania roşie. Comunismul român şi problema naţională 1944-1965. Edi-
tura Institutului pentru Studierea Problemelor Minorităţilor Naţionale -
Kriterion, Cluj-Napoca.
275
PROVOCAREA LIBERTĂŢII. TÂRGU-MUREŞ, 16-21 MARTIE 1990
Brown, Michael E. - Coté, Owen R., Jr. - Lynn-Jones, Sean M. ֊ Miller, Steven E. (eds.)
1996 Naţionalism andEthnic Conflict. An International Security Reader. The Mit Press,
Cambridge, Massachusetts - London, England.
Brubaker, Rogers ֊֊ Feischmidt, Margit ֊ Fox, Jon - Grancea, Liana
2011 Nacionalista politika és hétköznapi etnicitás egy erdélyi városban. [Politi-
că naţionalistă şi etnicitate cotidiană într-un oraş transilvănean] Editura
L’Harmattan, Budapesta.
Brucan, Silviu
1992 Generaţia irosită. Memorii. Editurile Univers şi Calistrat Hogaş, Bucureşti.
Cérnát, Vasile
[2010] 20 év után. 1990. fekete márciusa a pszichológia és a demográfia között.
[După 20 de ani. Martie negru între psihologie şi demografie] Link: http://
itthon.transindex.ro/?cikk=11202.
[2010] Intergroup contact in Románia: When minority size is positiveiy related to
intergroup conflict. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology 20.
(1)15-29.
2012 Ethnic Conflict and Reconciliation in Post-Comunist Romania. In: Simic, Oli-
vera - Volcic, Zala: Peace Psychology in the Balkans. Dealing with a Violent
Past whtle BuildingPeace. Springer, New York, 17-34.
Cioabă, Aristide - Nică, Constantin (coord.)
2004 Doctrine politice în România secolului XX. Voi. II. Editura Institutului de Ştiinţe
Politice şi Relaţii Internaţionale, Bucureşti.
Codrescu, Costache (coord.)
1994 Armata română în revoluţia din decembrie 1989. Institutul de Istorie şi Teorie
Militară, Bucureşti
Connor, Walker
1984 The National Question in Marxist-Leninist Theory and Strategy. Princeton Uni-
versity Press, Princeton.
Domokos, Géza
1996 Esély. [Şansă] Voi. I. Editura Pallas Akadémia, Miercurea-Ciuc.
Duţu, Alesandru
2006 Revoluţia din 1989. Cronologie. Editura Institutului Revoluţiei Române din
Decembrie 1989, Bucureşti.
Fischer Galaţi, Stephen
1991 Twentieth Century Romania. Columbia University Press, New York-Oxford.
Gáli, Ernő
2003 Napló. [Jurnal] Voi. I. 1977-1990. Editura Polis, CIuj-Napoca.
Gallagher, Tom
1999 Democracy and Naţionalism in Romania, 1989-1998. Trad. Simona Ceauşu.
AII Educaţional, Bucureşti.
2004 Furtul unei naţiuni. România de la comunism încoace. Editura Humanitás, Bu-
cureşti.
Giardet, Raul
2003 Naţionalism şi naţiune. Institutul European, Iaşi.
Grama, Ioan
2012 Un punct de vedere privind evenimentele de la Târgu Mureş din martie
1990. Vitralii - Lumini şi umbre. (10) 45-55.
276
Bibliografie
Grosescu, Raluca
2007 Traiectorii de conversie politică a nomenclaturii din România. Spre o taxo-
nomie a partidelor create de fostele elite comuniste. In: Elite comuniste înain-
te şi după 1989. Anuarul Institutului de Investigarea Crimelor Comunismului în
România. Vol. II. Editura Polirom, Iaşi, 199-230.
Haefler, András - Riczel, Etelka (coord.)
2003 Március mártírja. A marosvásárhelyi Cseresznyés Pál kálváriája (1991. január
16 - 1996. december 24.). [Martirul Iui martie. Calvarul lui Cseresznyés Pál
(16 ianuarie 1991 - 24 decembrie 1996)]. Feri-print Kft, Budapest.
Horn, Gyula
2001 Cölöpök. [Stâlpi] Editura Kossuth, Budapesta.
Judea, loan
1991 Cumpăna lui martie. Val şi ură. Editura Tipomur, Târgu Mureş.
Kárpáti, Ferenc
2011 Puskalövés nélkül... [Fără împuşcătură...] Editura Duna International, Buda-
pesta.
Kincses, Előd
1990 Marosvásárhely fekete márciusa. [Martie negru la Târgu-Mureş] Editura
Püski, Budapesta.
King, Robert R.
1973 Minorities under Communism. Nationalities as a Source of tension amongBalkan
Communists States. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Király, Károly
1996 Nyílt kártyákkal. [Cu cărţile deschise] Editura Napvilág, Budapesta.
Kymlicka, Will
2005 National minorities in post-communist Europe. In: Bárány, Zoltán - Moser,
Robert G. (eds.): Ethnic politics after communism. Cornell University Press,
Ithaca and London, 191-217.
Lake, David A. ֊ Rotchild, Donald
1996 Containing Fear. The Origins and Managemenet of Ethnic Conflict. In:
Brown, Michael E. - Coté, Owen R., Jr. - Lynn-Jones, Sean M. - Miller, Steven
E. (eds.): Nationalism and Ethnic Conflict. An International Security Reader.
The Mit Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts - London, England, 126-162.
Lupu, Corvin
2012 Preliminarii la evenimentele de la Târgu Mureş, 1990. Vitralii - Lumini şi um-
bre. (10) 23-31.
Măgureanu, Virgil
2008 De la regimul comunist la regimul Iliescu. Virgil Măgureanu în dialog cu Alex
Mihai Stoenescu. Editura RAO, Bucureşti.
Moser, Robert G.
2005 Ethnicity, elections and party sistems in postcomunists states. In: Bar any,
Zoltán - Moser, Robert G. (eds.): Ethnic Politics after Communism. Cornell
University Press, Ithaca and London, 108-139.
Mungiu-Pippidi, Alina - Krastev, Ivan (eds.)
2004 Nationalism after Communism. CEU Press, Budapest-New York.
277
PROVOCAREA LIBERTĂŢII. TÂRGU-MUREŞ, 16-21 MARTIE 1990
Murgescu, Bogdan (coord.)
2007 Revoluţia română din decembrie 1989. Istorie şi memorie. Editura Polirom,
Iaşi-Bucureşti.
Novak, Csaba Zoltán,
2007 Politikai átmenet és rendszerváltás Marosvásárhelyen. Adalékok Maros-
vásárhely 1944-1948 közötti politikatörténetéhez. [Schimbarea de regim şi
tranziţie politică în Târgu-Mureş. Noi date privind istoria politică a oraşu-
lui Târgu-Mureş între 1944 şi 1948] In: Pál-Antal, Sándor - Novak, Csaba
Zoltán (coord.): Marosvásárhely történetéből 2. [Din istoria oraşului Târgu-
Mureş. Voi II.] Editura Mentor, Târgu-Mureş, 175-191.
Oprea, Marius
2004 Moştenitorii Securităţii. Editura Humanitás, Bucureşti.
Pál-Antal, Sándor
2003 A Székelyföld és városai. [Oraşele din Secuime] Mentor Kiadó, Marosvásárhely.
2007 Marosvásárhely a 20. században. (Várostörténeti vázlat.) [Târgu-Mureş ín
secolul XX] In: Pál-Antal, Sándor - Novak, Csaba Zoltán (coord.): Maros-
vásárhely történetéből 2. [Din istoria oraşului Târgu-Mureş. Voi II.] Editura
Mentor, Târgu-Mureş, 9-27.
Poncea, Traian-Valentin - Rogojan, Aurel
2007 Spionajul ungar în România. Editura Elion, Bucureşti.
Ramet, Pedro
1989 Religion and Naţionalism in Soviet and East European Politics. Duke University
Press, Durham and London.
Salat, Levente
2001 Etnopolitika. A konfliktustól a méltányosságig. [De la conflict la echitate] Edi-
tura Mentor, Târgu-Mureş.
2005 A szintézis esélyei az etnopilitikai konfliktusok okaival kapcsolatos el-
méleti magyarázatokban. [Şansele sintezei în explicaţiile teoretice despre
cauzele conflictelor interetnice] In: Kántor Zoltán - Majtényi Balázs (ed.):
Szöveggyűjtemény a nemzeti kisebbségekről. [Culegere de texte despre mino-
rităţile naţionale] Editura Rejtjel, Budapesta, 211-252.
Salat, Levente - Novak, Csaba Zoltán
2015 Ethnicity, Naţionalism, and the Minority Régimé. In: Stan, Lavinia - Vancea,
Diane (eds.): Post-Communist Románia at Twenty-Five. Linking Pást, Present,
andFuture. Lexington Books, Lanham-Boulder-New York-London, 64-67.
Siani-Devies, Peter
2006 Revoluţia română din decembrie 1989. Humanitás, Bucureşti.
Simon, Judit
2000 Városkép románokkal és magyarokkal. [Imaginea oraşului cu români şi ma-
ghiari] Editura Scripta, Oradea.
Skilling, Gordon H.
1964 Communism National and International. Eastern Europe after Stalin. Universi-
ty of Toronto Press, Toronto.
Stănescu-Stanciu, Teodora - Oşca, Alexandru - Neacşu, Gheorghe (red.)
2009 Documente privind revoluţia română din decembrie 1989. Activitatea Consiliului
Provizoriu de Uniune Naţională. Stenogramele şedinţelor. Voi. II (9 februarie -
10 martie 1990). Editura Mega, Cluj-Napoca.
278
Bibliografie
2009 Documente privind revoluţia română din decembrie 1989. Activitatea Consiliu-
lui Provizoriu de Uniune Naţională. Stenogramele şedinţelor. Voi. III (13 martie
- 11 mai 1990). Editura Mega, Cluj-Napoca.
Sugar, Peter E ֊ Lederer, Ivo J. (eds.)
1969 Naţionalism in Eastern Europe. University of Washington Press, Seattle and
London.
Sütő, András
1993 Szemet szóért. [Ochi pentru cuvânt] Editura Csokonai, Budapesta.
Tamás, Pál
2000 Közép-európai konfliktustipológia. [Tipologie a conflictelor central-europe-
ne.] In: Bárdi, Nándor (coord.): Konfliktusok és kezelésük Közép-Európában.
Technikák és hagyományok. [Conflicte şi aplanarea lor în Europa Centrală.
Tehnici şi tradiţii.] Fundaţia Teleki László, Budapesta, 7-23.
Tănase, Stelian
2009 Istoria căderii regimurilor comuniste. Miracolul revoluţiei. Editura Humanitás,
Bucureşti.
Tánczos, Vilmos
1998 Kettős hatalmi szerkezet a Székelyföldön. [Structură dublă de putere în Ţi-
nutul Secuiesc] Magyar Kisebbség IV. (2) 339-362.
Tismăneanu, Vladimír (coord.)
2005 Revoluţiile din 1989 între trecut şi viitor. Editura Polirom, Bucureşti.
Tismăneanu, Vladimír - Dobrincu, Dorin - Vasile, Cristian (ed.)
2008 Raport final. Comisia Prezidenţială pentru Analiza Dictaturii Comuniste din
România. Editura Humanitás, Bucureşti.
Veres, Valér
2000 A belső vándorlás trendjei Romániában és hatásuk a magyarlakta me-
gyékre. [Tendinţele migraţiei interne din România şi efectele ei asupra ju-
deţelor cu populaţie maghiară] In: Bodó, Barna (coord.): Romániai Magyar
Évkönyv. Editura Polis - Szórvány Alapítvány, Cluj-Napoca-Timişoara.
Vincze, Gábor
2006 Lăncrănjantol Lăncrănjanig. Fejezet a magyar-román kapcsolatok nyolcva-
nas évekbeli történetéből. [De la Lăncrănjan pina la Lăncrănjan. Capitole din
relaţiile româno-maghiare din anii ’80] Magyar Kisebbség. (3-4) 262-353.
Walker, Lee
1998 Naţionalism and Ethnic Conflict in the Post-Soviet Transition. In: Drobizhe-
va, Leokadia - Gottemoeller, Rose - McArdle Kelleher, Catherine - Walker,
Lee (eds.): Ethnic Conflict in the Post-Soviet World. Case Studies and Analysis.
Routledge, Armonk, New York - London, England, 3-14.
Zahorán, Csaba
2009 Románüldözés Székelyföldön? (Egy állítólagos etnikai tisztogatás történetei.)
[Persecutarea românilor? (Istoriile unei aşa-zise purificări etnice în Ţinutul
Secuiesc)] In: Juhász József - Krausz Tamás (coord.): Az új nemzetállamok
és az etnikai tisztogatások Kelet-Európábán 1989 után. [Noile naţiuni-state şi
purificări etnice în Europa de Est după 1989] L’Harmattan Kiadó - ELTE BTK
Kelet-Európa Története Tanszék, Budapest, 268-300.
Zăgrean, Iosif
2006 Revoluţionarii clujeni: mit sau realitate? Editura Eikon, Cluj-Napoca.
279
PROVOCAREA LIBERTĂŢII. TÂRGU-MUREŞ, 16-21 MARTIE 1990
Zwik, Peter
1983 National Communism. Westview Press, Boulder, Colorado.
***
1991 Fehér Könyv. Az 1990. március 19. és 20A események Marosvásárhelyen. [Car-
tea Albă. Evenimentele din 19 şi 20 martie din Târgu-Mureş] Editura Püski,
Budapesta.
2012 în dialog cu Filip Teodorescu: despre evenimentele de la Târgu Mureş, mar-
tie 1990. Vitralii -Lumini şi umbre (10) 5-13.
280
Abstract
There are several perceptions on the events of March 1990 from Târgu-Mureş,
evidently seen through the prism of ethnic subjectivism. In speeches presented
through press articles or through the memoires of those present at the events, one
is confronted with a variety of explanations, most of the time without any scien-
tific substance, like: the ethnic Hungarian’s rebellion against the Romanian state
or from the other side of the “barricades” it is presented as a pogrom organised
against the ethnic Hungarian population based on a scenario prepared in Janu-
ary.
Two decades after the Romanian revolution and the events of March 1990, we
have decided that it is time to make an inventory, to complete - where it is neces-
sary - and last but not least to analyse the existing historical sources regarding
the change of the regime and the interethnic conflict from Târgu-Mureş. Because
of objective reasons we have not managed to achieve a Romanian-Hungarian col-
laboration, but we are open to dialogue even after the book is published. One of
our future objectives is to translate and to publish the book in Romanian as well.
Assuming the “obstacles” of our cultural socialisation, our goal was to make an
analysis of the events from March 1990 based for the first time on a well defined
methodology. We are well aware of the fact that the lack of certain sources like
military archives or the archives of the Ministry of Interior make achieving our
goal difficult, nevertheless the analysis of the historical sources available to this
point guides us to a first result.
The purpose of our research was not to prove or disprove one or the other of the
existing narratives, even if some of the assertions partially confirm or deny them.
The March 1990 events are thematically grouped and chronologically presented.
In achieving our scientific analysis several historical sources have been used. A
really useful range of documents came from archives such as: National Archives
of Romania (Arhivele Naţionale Române), National Archives of Hungary (Arhivele
Naţionale Maghiare), the Archives of Mureş County Council (Arhiva Consililului
Judeţean Mureş). Because these events are part of our recent history we have used
sources of oral history as well. We have interviewed protagonists (Romanian and
Hungarian) of the events and used the interviews already presented in documen-
taries regarding this topic (Cornel Mihalche, Edit Berecki, Gyula Miholcsa). A great
help in our analysis were the press-reports of those times, local and national news-
papers, both in Hungarian and in Romanian. The events from March 1990 have
received a wide media attention. The footage taken during those days helped us a
great deal in putting the pieces together.
The book has six main chapters. The introductory chapter presents the 20th
century history of Târgu-Mureş, with an emphasis on the communist era. It
must be underlined that during 1950-60 the city has been the centre of the
Hungarian Autonomous Region (Regiunea Autonomă Maghiara)(implicitly the
281
PROVOCAREA LIBERTĂŢII-TÂRGU-MUREŞ, 16-21 MARTIE 1990
cultural centre of the ethnic Hungarians from Transylvania, alongside with Cluj)
and then during Ceauşescu’s reign it became an increasingly important centre,
from several points of view, of national communism implemented by Party lead-
ership. The chapter “Revolution and change of regime in Târgu-Mureş” presents
the events of December 1989: the fall of the communist regime in the city and
in Mureş County, the election of new governing bodies, the institutionalisation
of the Romanian revolution. A distinct subchapter is dedicated to the “new-old”
elite of the city and the first problems encountered by the FSN (National Salvation
Front) and later by the CPUN (Provisional Council of National Unity) during these
transitional times. In the third chapter we analysed the evolution of Romanian-
Hungarian relations, to be more accurate the relations between Romania and
Hungary before and after the 1989 revolution. Also in this chapter we present the
birth of the national problem in Romania and explicitly in the city of Târgu-Mureş.
Distinct subchapters are dedicated to the analysis of several special situations re-
garding the city, such as: ethnicization of the transition, changing the old elite, the
issue of education, establishing the UDMR (Union of the Democratic Hungarians
from Romania) and the Vatra Românească; the role played by the press.
Chapter four deals with the events of March 1990: the development of the in-
terethnic conflict, the issue of commemorating the 1848 Hungarian revolution,
the case of the no. 28 pharmacy, the problem of the bilingual sign inscriptions, the
events of 19 March, the pressures made to obtain Előd Kineses’ resignation, the
ravage of the offices of the political parties, the Hungarian demonstration from 20
March and the street fights. The next chapter deals with the events that took place
after the interethnic conflict; the city’s pacification, the first dialogues between the
representatives of the two sides, internal and external effects of the conflict. Two
subchapters are dedicated to the cases and trials of the accused and sentenced
on account of the events from March. The last chapter, divided into subchapters
“In the Spiral of the Revolution” and “The Role of the Elites” presents the authors’
analysis and conclusions regarding the March 1990 events.
Based on our scientific research we can assert that the interethnic conflict of
March 1990 from Târgu-Mureş was the result of a complex concatenation of a
series of causes. There are indirect causes - the tumultuous past of the two na-
tions - or direct causes, like the change of regime in the county and the city, the
created and artificially sustained conflict regarding the issues of the transition pe-
riod. As it has been said, the two nations from around Mureş have had a tumultu-
ous common history, marked from time to time by direct conflicts. The Ceuşescu
era reactivated and deepened these interethnic conflicts, fostering especially in
the 80s a strong nationalism among the Romanian citizens, many times directly
targeting the ethnic Hungarian population. The economic crisis affected both the
Hungarian and Romanian population; however the practices of the Party leader-
ship resulted in minimising the role of the Hungarians in the economic and politi-
cal structures of Târgu-Mureş.
The fight against Ceuşescu has united the Romanian and the Hungarian popu-
lation, fighting together against a common enemy. However the feeling of com-
mon victory was overwritten in a short time by the problems of the transition.
The problems of the changing of regime, the ousting of the old Party staff, the fu-
ture and the fate of the old elite, of the militia (police), the efforts of the ethnic
282
Abstract
Hungarians to quickly establish schools with exclusive Hungarian curriculum;
all these represented the major causes of this phenomenon. The conflicts created
around these issues by the press and the television have rapidly propagated to
the level of the elites, to society. The central and local authorities of the FSN could
not cope and could not solve all these problems. At the end of January and the
beginning of February the city of Târgu-Mureş was divided around the two ethnic
groups.
The Hungarian community has quickly and effectively organised itself around
the UDMR. To counteract the foundation of the UDMR, part of the city’s Roma-
nian elite set up the Uniunea Vatra Românească (Romanian “Vatra” Union), an
organisation in which besides those who wanted a revitalisation of the traditional
culture, there was a part of the Romanian elite (judges, army officers, intellectuals,
former Party officials etc.) that felt that its political and economic positions, in the
city and the county, were endangered.
Towards the end of February the conflict reached a standstill. During these
days both communities have already used the masses, pupils and students in or-
der to prove their truths. The commemoration of the 1848 revolution has further
incited the spirits. To end the standstill a part of the Romanian elite began to use
the pressure of the masses from the streets as a political weapon. On the 19 March
there was a large organised political demonstration in the city centre, trying to
obtain the resignation of an important leader of the Hungarian community, Előd
Kineses; this manifestation was followed by a vast demonstration in the city centre
in order to intimidate the Hungarian community. The Romanian peasants from
the Gurghiu region have joined the rally, they were invited by “unknown individu-
als from Târgu-Mureş” under the pretext that the Romanian population of the city
is under attack and forced to flee by the Hungarian population. The offices of the
political parties, including that of the UDMR, were attacked and ravaged, many
members and leaders of the UDMR have been physically brutalised, among them
the renowned Hungarian writer András Sütő.
No one has thought that the Hungarian community would retaliate. The next
day, on the 20 March the appalled Hungarian population went to the streets deter-
mined to demand justice. When the Romanian population appeared to counteract
the Hungarian demonstrators it led to violent clashes in the city centre; the result
was 5 deaths and hundreds of injured. In the morning of 21 March the army took
control of the city. The clashes have ceased, however calming the spirits has taken
a longer period of time. Through the mediation of the CPUN representatives (Gelu
Voican Voiculescu, N. S. Dumitru) talks between the two sides began.
The interethnic conflict from Târgu-Mureş evolved in several stages. The first
stage starts in January with the surfacing of the first interethnic issues. The second
stage comprises the period of time during which this conflict began to be notice-
able inside of the political institutions, local government. During the next stage the
role of the two organisations, UDMR and Vatra Românească, created by the two
communities becomes evident. The conflict gains in amplitude, the first manifesta-
tions, rallies and disputes in the press are born. The last stage unfolds during 19
- 20 March and it is marked by the emergence of physical violence.
283
Index
A
Ábrám, Noémi 164, 185
Ábrám, Zoltán 92
Ádám, Erzsébet 65
Agache, Aurél 80
Aioanei, Virgil 11
Alua§, Ion 88
Andreescu, Gábriel 10, 275
Andreicut, Gheorghe 152
Antall, József 70
Anton, Cosma 90
Aranka, György 15
Argint, Dumitru 52, 58
Asztalos, József 32
B
Baciu, Elisabeta 250
Bad, Ana 115, 254
Badiu, Ioan 58
Bakk, Miklós 74, 75, 275
Bálint, Géza 106
Bálint, Hajnal 12
Bálint, Mihály 80
Bálinth, Gyula 203, 215
Ballai, Sándor 41
Banc, Carmen 52
Banc, Iosif 52,57
Banciu, Horea 210
Banciu, Maria 41
Bancu, Emílián 41
Bancu, Gheorghe Victor 26
Bányai, Kelemen Barna 11
Barabás, Ernő 207, 215
Barabási, Győző 143
Bárdi, Nándor 12, 17, 47, 81, 82, 86
Bartha, András 92
Báthory, István 40, 41
Bácilá, Lucián 264,
Báfagá, Tiberiu 24
Báculea, Dán Eugen 45, 58, 249
Bádescu, Emília 113
Bánescu, Gheorghe 9, 50, 81, 122, 275
Bárbulescu, Gheorghe 141
Becuş, Mirela Liliana 26
Beica, Vasile 152
Beldean, Daniela 146
Beldeanu, Dorin 146
Bercu, Mircea 146
Bereczki, Edit 11, 12, 166, 170, 179, 190,
217, 226, 230, 232, 236
Berekméri, József 212
Berekméri, Katalin 11
Béres, András 41, 90, 92, 182
Berindei, Mihnea 82, 225, 275
Berki/Berchi, Alexandru 202, 209, 269
Bernády, György 15
Bernáth, Gábor 205, 275
Bethlen, István 262
Bibó, István 239
Biianici, Gheorghe 225
Birau, Mircea 26
Biriş, Veta 226
Bíró, A. Zoltán 100, 275
Bíró, Dezső 58
Bíró, Helén 41
Bíró, Levente 159
Bíró, Zoltán 70
Bírladeanu, Alexandru 263
Blandiana, Ana 73
Blasech, Adrian 41
Bocoş, Ioan 185
Bocskay, István 264
Bodó, Barna 20
Bodó, Zoltán 10, 126, 275
Bodolai, Gyöngyi 127, 260, 262, 265
Bodoni, Sándor 32
Boér, Ferenc 90
Boilá 111, 185
Boilá, Ioan 152
Boilă, Lucian 58
Boilá, Rodiča 206
Boitan, Ioan 90
Bolyai, Farkas 15
Bolyai, János 15
285
PROVOCAREA LIBERTĂŢII. TÂRGU-MUREŞ, 16-21 MARTIE 1990
Bondor, János 29
Bondor, Sándor 29
Borbély, îstvân/Ştefan 90
Borbély, László 12, 42, 58, 112, 149,
164, 178, 182, 185, 186, 208, 242,
243, 248, 251, 258
Borda, Claudiu 267
Borda, Valentin 113, 114, 248, 249, 252,
253, 275
Boros, Kinga 11
Borsi-Kálmán, Béla 275
Borz, Grigore 58
Bosoancá, Traian 58
Bota, Mihai 41, 45, 58, 235
Botoş 185
Bottom, Stefano 12, 17, 18, 19, 66, 71,
78, 139, 275
Boucher 195
Brassai, Zoltán 90, 92, 262 , 264
Brown, Michael E. 218, 219, 221, 276
Brubaker, Rogers 10, 23, 89, 276
Bručan, Silviu 7, 9, 73, 76, 276
Bucur, Mariana 146
Bucur, Vasile 146
Buda, Ieronim 26
Budai, István 194
Budişcă, Ovidiu 264
Burca, Petru Coriolan 242
Burkhardt, Árpád 46, 250
Bustya, Dezső 148, 267
Butilcă, Dumitru 199, 210, 211
Butilcă, Eugen 200, 209, 227
Buts, Walter 58
Buzdugan, Lazar 58
c
Calían, Ilie 82
Căliman, Gheorghe 154
Calion, loan 90
Cantar, Mircea 58
Caramitru, Ion 73
Carbunariu, Gianina 11
Cárbunaru 31
Carculea, Gheorghe 187
Carter, Holly 189
Catana, Vasile 152, 154
Cătărig, loan 26, 41, 58
Ceacoi, Bazi! 58, 258, 262
Ceauşescu, Ilie 27
Ceauşescu, Nicolae 7, 20, 22, 27, 28, 29,
31, 33, 37, 38, 47, 62, 64, 66, 67,
69, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 79, 87, 88,
123, 128, 195, 220, 221, 222, 231,
233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 247
Ceauşu, Simona 82
Celac, Sergiu 68, 69, 71, 72, 192
Ceontea, Radu 90, 115, 120, 182, 186,
242, 243,254,256
Černat, Vasile 10, 217, 218, 276
Ceuca, Cornel 41, 46, 54, 250
Ceuşan, Alexandru 41
Cherchişan, Liviu 80
Cherteş, Aurel 254
Chiţac, Mihai 168, 185, 231
Chincişan, Ioan 41
Chindea, Traian 209
Chioreanu, Emil 81, 122
Chirpelean, Ioan 46, 250
Cioabă, Aristide 276
Cioată, Mili 58
Ciobotă, Ioan 53, 130
Cismaş, Ioan 91, 98, 152
Cistelecan, Alexandru 90
Ciurcă, Nicolae 46, 99, 101, 250, 254, 261
Cochinescu, Nicolae 177,273
Cochinescu, Petre 200
Codrescu, Costache 47, 276
Cofariu, Dumitru 115, 191, 254
Cofariu, Mihai/Mihăilă 207
Cojocaru, Constantin 41, 45, 52, 58,
130, 167, 185,231
Colceriu, Anton 41
Coman, Dumitru 80
Combes, Ariadna 82, 225, 275
Connor, Walker 276
Constantinescu, Emil 208
Coposu, Corneliu 77
Copotoiu, Constantin 90
Coriman, Paul 264
Cornea, Doina 73, 77
Comea, Paul 152
Comei, Gheorghe 260
Cosma, Anton 90
Cosmeanu, Marius 10, 21, 126, 275
Cote, Owen R. Jr. 218, 276
Covaci/Covaciu, Ioan 199, 202, 204, 213
Crăciun, Ileana 28
Críbdilean, V 91
Crişan, Ana-Maria 128
286
Index
Cristian, Vasile 190, 221, 279
Croitor, Irina 80
de Cuellar, Ja vier Perez 196
Culcear, Iuliu 42, 58
Curticăpean, Petru 42, 58
Curticăpeanu, Vasile 77
Czellecz, Jenő 93, 262
Czire, Dénes 58, 262
Czitzer, Attila 207
Cs. Gyimesi, Éva 74
Csapody, Miklós 69
Csata, Ernő 164, 262
Csatári, László 208
Cseke, Gábor 74
Cseresznyés, Pál 10, 191, 207, 208, 215
Csibi, János 41
Csiha, Kálmán 42, 58, 165
Csíki, Sándor 214
Csíki, Zoltán Gábor 259, 264
Csíky, Boldizsár 124
Csipor, Antal 199, 200, 204, 212, 213
Csupor, Lajos 19, 63
Csurka, István 193
Csurkuly, Sándor 41
D
Danciu, Ştefan 80
Daraban, N. 152
Dávid, Gyula 12
Dăneşan, Ioan 41
Deac, Maria 26
Deac, Radu 264
Delean, Vasile 146
Demény, Lajos 64, 74, 112, 152, 256
Demeter, András 41, 92, 159
Demeter, János 19
Demian, Florin 113, 114, 115, 248, 254,
256
Diamandescu, Corneliu 177, 273
Dianu, Rareş 129
Dinescu, Mircea 7 3
Dobai, István 234
Dobre 111
Dobre, Adrian 264
Dobre, Enacu 41
Dobrescu, Miu 31, 33
Döbrentei, Gábor 15
Dobrincu, Dorin 190, 221, 279
Dóczi, István 214
Dogar, Ludovic 113
Dogar, Remus 113, 248
Domokos, Géza 9, 69, 72, 73, 74, 75,
76, 78, 80, 83, 84, 85, 123, 124,
147, 259, 276
Dónáth, Árpád 141
Dósa, Jenő 58, 141, 185, 262
Dráganescu, Mihai 76
Draghici, Maria 11
Dudás, László 83
Dumitru, Nicolae S. 152, 160, 177, 179,
182, 188, 217, 268, 273
Dunca, Ioan Ştefan 41, 58
Duray, Miklós 58
Duţu, Alesandru 27, 28, 73, 276
E
Eftimescu, Mihai 177, 273
Elekes, Béla 128, 129
Éltető, József 90
Enache, Eugenia 127
Enache, Smaranda 56, 94, 103, 104,
127, 249
Enăchescu, T. A. 254
Erdélyi, Lajos 94
F
Fábián, Ernő 81, 82
Faluvégi, Attila 41
Farkas, Ernő 258
Farkas, Erzsébet 259
Farkas, Gyula 41
Farkas, Jenő 214
Fazakas, Béla 264
Fazekas, János 86, 233
Fazakas, Lajos 38
Făgăraş/Făgărăşan, Angéla 38, 41, 46
Fărcaş, Vasile 40
Fânaru, Constantin Adrian 41
Feischmídt, Margit 10, 23, 89, 276
Fekete, Sándor 206
Fekete, Viorica 26
Ferenc, Imre 80
Ferenczi, Gyula 44
Filep, Tamás Gusztáv 81
Fischer Galaţi, Stephen 10, 276
Florea, Mariana 105, 118, 126, 256
Florescu, Carmen 11
Flórian, Aurel 34, 38, 39, 41, 57, 58, 140,
145, 163, 167, 255, 259, 261, 266
Florişteanu, Maria 127
287
PROVOCAREA LIBERTĂŢII. TÂRGU-MUREŞ, 16-21 MARTIE 1990
Fodor, Alexa 40
Fodor, Elek 41
Fodor, János 82
Földes, György 58, 62
Formanek, Ferenc 225
Fox, Jón 10, 23, 89, 276
Frande§, Ioan 128, 182
Frande§, Simlon 199, 208, 209, 211
Frunda, György 182, 207, 208, 242
Fülöp, Dénes 40, 41, 58, 90, 92, 185, 262
Für, Lajos 70
Füzesi, Albert 212, 215
Füzesi, András 212, 215
G
G., Rudolf 207
Gábor, Valériu 46, 250
Gagyi, József 13, 19, 23
Galaczi, József 208, 215
Galaftion, Alexandru 58
Gallagher, Tóm 10, 73, 78, 82, 217, 235,
276
Gálfaívi, György 24, 28, 38, 42, 58, 63,
70, 90, 91, 92, 110, 124, 163, 185,
238, 243, 248,251, 258
Gálfaívi, Zsolt 74
Gálfi, Mihály 140
Gáli, Ernő 9, 70, 135, 234, 276
Gáli, Ferenc 58, 91, 251
Gáli, Márton 93, 262
Gálpál, Zsuzsanna 25
Gambra, Viorel 32, 33, 43, 159, 179,
185, 187, 231, 269
Gámpé, Árpád 41, 165
Ganea, Viorel 58
Gáspár, Tibor 129
Gábudeanu, Constantin 113, 249
Garlacu, Dumitru 145
Gálea, Valér 41,45,48, 53,56, 57, 58,103,
155,162, 178,185,242, 249,259
Gärbu, Petru 152
Gärlescu, Dumitru 145
Gere, Mihály 38
Gémes, István 172, 199, 200, 210
Geoaná, Mircea 208
Geraszimov, Gennagyij 196
Gere, Mihály 18
Gheorghe, Cornel 40, 41, 58, 186, 258
Ghere, Ana 206
Ghefie, Coriolan 77
Ghibu, Octavian O. 77
Ghitescu, Mádálina 11
Giardet, Raul 276
Gican, Adina 185, 186
Gidó, Csaba 82
Gidó, Attila 47, 82
Gilcá, Ciucá 206
Gingulescu, Mihai 45, 58, 92
Gtrbu, Petru 152
Gliga, Venuf 208
Göncz, Árpád 193
Gorea, Ioan 202, 209, 269
Gulyás, Gyula 11
Grama, Ioan 122, 276
Grama, Virgil 96
Grancea, Liana 10, 23, 89, 276
Grecu, Gheorghe 41
Grecuí/Grekuly, Béla 187, 214
Grecui/Grekuly, István 204, 214
Gros, Ioan 232
Grosescu, Raluca 10, 277
Groza, Petru 78
Grozav, Mihai 57, 58, 155, 185, 259
Gudiu, Mircea 41
Guga, Romulus 90
Gyéresi, Árpád 100
Györfi, Károly 65
Györgybíro, Sándor 42, 58
H
Haefler, András 10, 207, 277
Hajdú, Győző 18, 22, 26, 65
Hajdú, István 41,42,58
Hajdú, József 127
Hajdú, Károly 212
Hamar, Alpár Benjámin 29, 30, 32, 33
Hampucz, Albert 203, 204
Hanzi, Bálint 208, 214
Hárman, Magdun Viorel 45, 58, 249
Hegyi, Lajos 32
Hido§, Adrián 32
Hipi, János 203, 204
Hobai, Virgil §t. 115,254
Horn, Gyula 65, 67, 68, 69, 71, 72, 192,
194, 277
Horst, Hayek 252
Horváth, Andor 74
Horváth, István 187, 214
Horváth, Károly 140
Horváth, Szabolcs 141
288
Index
Hunyadi, András 41, 262
Hunyadi, Gábor Attila 21
i
Iacob, Bogdán C. 7
Iftimie, Neculai 26
Igret, Viorel 25, 31, 34, 37, 52
Iklódy, Gábor 65
Iliescu, Ion 7, 40, 44, 47, 49, 51, 54, 55,
57, 68, 69, 72, 73, 76, 81, 82, 83,
88, 111, 114, 119, 122, 124, 147,
159, 160, 161, 164, 166, 208, 230,
232, 269
Ilyés, Kinga 41
Incze, Edmond 41
Ioanciu, Nicolae 250, 252
Ionescu-Quintus, Mircea 243
Iosif, Ovidiu 42, 58, 144
Iovánel, Paul 44
Irimie, Simona 146
Isároiu, Angéla 25
Iu§an, Eugénia 28
Izsák, Balázs 262
J
Jakabffy, Attila 36, 41, 45, 53, 57, 58,
92, 96, 97, 143, 152, 182, 184,
185, 243, 249, 259
János, Pál 74
Jánosházy, György 90
Jeflea, Corina 206
Jenei, József 41
Josif, Ovidiu 258
Judea, Ioan 9, 27, 41, 42, 43, 48, 49,
51, 58, 72, 95, 121, 122, 131, 132,
125, 141,144, 159, 164, 166, 178,
179, 185, 209, 217, 223, 227, 230,
235, 236, 244, 248, 251, 258,
264, 267, 268, 269, 277
Juhász, Ilona 159
Juhász, József 10, 81, 275
Juncu, Nicolae 58, 169, 185
Jung, Ildikó 207
Jung, János 182, 264
K
K., Attila 207
Kacsó, Ágoston 262
Kádár, Jenő 40, 92
Kádár, Tünde Ildikó 41
Kakucs, Áron 215
Kalányos, Abert/Adalbert 204, 214
Kalányos, Ioan 214
Kalányos, János 214
Kalányos, László 214
Káli Király, István 9, 42, 90, 92, 123,
124, 158, 159, 160, 162, 163, 164,
167, 182, 185, 188, 191, 242, 244,
248, 251, 258, 269
Kalló, Béla 214
Kántor, Lajos 74, 87
Kántor, Zoltán 218, 278
Kányádi, Sándor 74, 193
Kapcza, Imre 76
Karácsony, Zsigmond 141, 261
Karikás, Péter 22
Karkulea, György 214
Kárpáti, Ferenc 67, 68, 70, 192, 194, 277
Kászoni, Tivadar 262
Katona, Ádám 92, 124
Kegyes, Csaba 262
Kelemen, Ferenc 259
Keleti, György 69
Kerek, István 58, 92, 185
Kerekes, Károly 242
Keszy, Harmath-Sándor 19
Kikeli, Pál 123
Kincses, Elemér 58
Kincses, Előd 9, 41, 45, 46, 48, 53, 56,
57, 58, 90, 91, 92, 94, 96, 97, 102,
104, 107, 109, 111, 112, 113, 129,
130, 131, 132, 133, 152, 153, 154,
155, 156, 157, 158, 164, 165, 168,
169, 171, 178, 182, 184, 185, 188,
202, 217, 223, 225, 226, 229, 231,
237, 245, 249, 252, 256, 259,
268, 269, 277
Kincses, Réka 245
King, Róbert R. 10, 277
Király, Károly 9, 18, 22, 28, 33, 34, 37,
38, 39, 40, 41, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47,
48, 49, 50, 51, 56, 57, 58, 73, 86,
96, 97, 107, 114, 129, 131, 139,
141, 148, 149, 153, 159, 161, 163,
169, 179,185, 217, 223, 233, 234,
236, 245, 248, 249, 258, 263,
268, 269, 277
Király, István 58
Király, Zoltán 69
289
PROVOCAREA LIBERTĂŢII, TÂRGU-MUREŞ, 16-21 MARTIE 1990
Kiss, Albert 26
Kiss, András 41
Kiss, Péter 262
Kiss, Zoltán 199, 211
Klósz, Bálint 141
Kocsis, Sándor 41
Kolcsár, Sándor 262
Kolozsvári, Zoltán 58, 92, 163, 185, 262
Komáromi, Zoltán 264
Körmöczki, Emese 145, 147, 148
Körmöczki, Zoltán 41, 58, 145, 154, 185,
249, 259, 265
Korpos, András 11
Koszta, Vencel 215
Kovács, István 58, 258
Kovács, György 18
Kovács, Péter 100, 107, 108
Kozma, Béla 113
Kraicsiovics, Andrei 214
Krastev, Iván 10, 277
Krausz, Tamás 10, 81, 275
Kulcsár, György 262
Kulin, Ferenc 69
Kurkuly, Elek 214
Kürti, András 96
Kymlicka, Will 10, 277
L
Lakatos, Sándor 58
Laké, Dávid A. 218, 221, 223, 225, 277
Langa, Olimpiu 52
Lantos, Tóm 194, 208
Lányi, Szabolcs 74
László, Márton 7, 168
Lázok, János 92, 257
Lazár, Emília 106
Lazár, Valeriu 115, 254
Ládariu, Lazár 90, 106, 113, 120,
132,152, 228, 248, 253, 260, 263
Láncr ánj an, Ioan 6 5
Lederer, Ivó J. 279
Lengyel, Lázár 205, 215
Lestyán, Ferenc 40, 58, 165
Levy, Róbert 189
Lezsák, Sándor 193
Liebhart, Michael/Mihai/Mihály 42, 58,
248,251,258
Liviu, Mircea 42, 58
Lobontiu, Nicolae 25
Lohinszky, Lóránd 92
Lokodi, Edit Emőke 12
Lokodi, Ernő 58
Lőrincz, József 201, 204, 205, 214
Lőrinczi, Zoltán 264
Lungu, Mihai 58
Lupea, Cornel 113, 248
Lupşa 81, 122
Lupu, Corvin 277
Lustig, Olivér 65
Lynn-Jones, Sean M. 218, 276
M
Magyar!, Lóránd Csaba 42, 58
Magyarosi, László 58
Majlát/Maylát, Győző 204, 214
Majtényi, Balázs 218, 278
Makkai, János 127, 128, 251
Maksay, Ágnes 33
Mal, Ionel 41
Mán, Călin Petru 146
Mán, Ioan Eugen 250
Mán, Mircea 113, 248
Mán, Nistor 38, 39, 40, 41, 44, 45, 46,
49, 56, 57, 58, 155, 163, 248, 259,
249
Marcu, Traian 166
Marian, Nicolae 58, 249
Markó, Béla 22, 24, 41, 45, 47, 58, 70,
90, 92, 104, 113, 124, 163, 182,
186, 187, 188, 242, 245, 257, 262
Markó, Enikő 141, 262
Marosi, Barna 125, 269
Marţian, Dan 7
Matsangos, Ronaldo 11
Mátyás, Zoltán 262
Mazilu, Dumitru 7, 68, 72, 73, 76
Márton, Dénes 58
Máté, András 163
Mátéffy, Csaba 10, 126, 275
Matei, Viorica 46, 52, 58, 250
Máthé, Éva 90
Máthé, Lajos 212
Mágureanu, Mircea 58
Mágureanu, Virgil 7, 9, 76, 80, 190, 217,
277
Mánescu, Corneliu 263
Mănescu, Manea 38
Mănişor, Gustav-Augustin 96
Mărginean, Claudiu 146
Mărginean, Paul 10, 126, 275
290
Index
Mânzatu, Ion 177, 179, 188, 189, 273
Mentovich, Ferenc 15
Mícu, Dumitru 57, 58, 259
Mihai, Nicolae 67
Mihail, Mircea Artimon 115, 256
Mihalache, Cornel 11, 12, 166, 170,
179, 190, 217, 226, 230, 232, 236
Mihály, József 41
Mihály, Sándor 207
Miholcsa, Gyula 10, 11, 12, 122, 168,
171, 179, 190, 228
Milea, Vasile 67
Mileşan, Ion Ilié 90
Militaru, Nicolae 7, 169
Miller, Steven E. 218, 276
Mincu, loan 58
Moíca, Líviu 209
Moldovan, Corneliu 242
Moldovan, Dumitru 58,250
Moldovan, Florin 41
Moldovan, loan 113, 159, 249, 265
Moldovan, Irimie 203
Moldovan, Nicolae 58
Moldovan, Sanda Veronica 42, 248, 252
Moldovan, Sorin 30, 31, 32, 39,40,41, 45,
46, 50, 58,103,159,160,162,248
Moldovan, Voicu 58, 258
Molnár, Eleonóra 260
Molnár, Kovács István 58
Morar, Augustin 90
Moraru, Cornel 28, 42, 58, 90, 91, 117,
120
Moraru, loan 146
Moraru, Silviu 58,117, 256, 258,264,267
Moser, Robert G. 10, 277
Moţiu, Adrian Ovidiu 264
Movilă, loan 25,31
Mózes, Edit 261, 265, 266
Mungiu-Pippidi, Alina 10, 277
Muntean, Ilié 32
Munteanu, Aurel Dragoş 76
Mureşan, Doru 105
Mureşan, Dumitru 238
Mureşan, Gheorghe 58, 262
Mureşan, loan 58
Murgescu, Bogdan 27 8
N
Nagy, Béla 19
Nagy, Csaba 203,215
Nagy, Győző 242
Nagy, Levente 144
Nagy, Miklós Kund 93,105, 110, 140,
250, 257
Nagy, Olga 262
Nagy, Pál 90
Nagy, Sámuel 146, 203, 215, 266
Nastasá Kovács, Annamária 21
Nastea, Maria 28
Neacşu, Gheorghe 83, 278
Neagoş, loan 40
Negruţiu, Silviu 42, 58
Nemes, László 90, 271
Németh, Miklós 192, 195
Nică, Constantin 276
Nicolae, Elena 58
Nicolae, Marian 114
Nicolae, Radu 177
Noja, loan 77
Novák, Csaba Zoltán 7,15, 16, 18, 19,
20, 33, 46, 47, 48, 58, 63, 64, 66,
75,82,221, 278
Nuţiu Pop, loan 113, 248
o
Oancea, loan 80
Ognean/Ogneanu, loan 113, 119, 248,
256
Olariu, Iacob 58
Olaru, Dana 41
Olaru, Petru Silviu 113, 115, 182, 248,
256
Oláh, Sandor 13, 17
Olteanu, Cornel 152
Oltyán, László 41, 272
Onucsán, Attila 250, 252
Oprea, Marius 10, 278
Opriş, Zeno 115, 117, 118, 122, 133, 134,
246,254,256
Oprişcan, Doru 42, 58
Oproiescu, Florin 118
Oproiescu, Radu 256
Orbán, Dezső 252
Ormenişan, Călin 113, 249
Ormenişan, Pavel 113, 248
Ormenişan, Sever 113, 249
Oroian, Gheorghe 58
Orza, Aurel 208
Oşca, Alexandru 27, 83, 276
291
PROVOCAREA LIBERTĂŢII. TÂRGU-MUREŞ, 16-21 MARTIE 1990
P
Pajkó/Pajka, Károly 32
Pál, Judit 15
Pál, Sándor 207
Pál-Antal, Sándor 15, 16, 18, 19, 20,
278
Pálfalvi, Attila 83, 85, 100, 105, 108,
109, 111, 246, 250, 251, 252, 253
Pálfi, József 143
Panaite, Gheorghe 203, 204
Papp, Árpád 212, 215
Papp, István 211
Papp, Mária 262
Pascu, loan 90, 152, 156, 182, 264
Pávai, Zoltán 264
Pavel, Platan 65
Păcurariu, Francise 77
Pătraşcu, Gheorghe 57, 58, 155, 185,
259
Pătraşcu, Ion 45
Păunescu, Adrian 23
Pécsi, Ferenc 225
Péter, Béla 58
Petra, Elena 54, 102
Petriş, Tiberiu 58
Peţan, Petru 200, 227
Pintilie, loan 58
Planche, Anne 82, 225, 275
Pleşa, Octavian 41, 57, 58, 153, 155,
185,254,259
Ploeşteanu, Grigore 58, 90, 113, 115,
185,248
Ploeşteanu, Mariana 115, 248, 254
Podhrászky, László 76
Pokornyi, László 58, 242
Pojar, Gheorghe 152
Pol, Mircea 41
Pol, Vasile 40, 41
Poncea, Traian-Valentin 64, 278
Pop, Călin 58
Pop, Dorel 40,41,45,57,58,249,259
Pop, Dumitru 57, 58, 113, 115, 134, 153,
154, 155, 185, 242, 249, 254, 255,
259
Pop, Florian 58, 258
Pop, Iftene 77
Pop, loan 200
Pop, O. 152
Pop, Petru Relu 58
Pop, Remus 127
Pop, Valentin 80
Pop, Vasile 113, 248
Pop, Viorel 226
Popa, Dorel Mihai 26
Popa, Emanoil 41
Popa, Gheorghe 30, 32, 44, 48, 130, 171
Popa, Iuliana 250
Popoviči, Eugenia 128
Preda, Marin 170, 199, 202, 211
Puczi (Kozák), Béla 187, 201, 204, 205,
214
Puczi (Kozák), Ernő 187, 214
Puczi (Kozák), Sándor 187, 214
Puczi, Kálmán 211
Puni, Silviu 58
Purcar, Ioan 152
Puskás, Attila 252
Puskás, György 38
Pusztinai Erőss, Péter 87
R
Rácz, Gábor 58
Radics, Dušan 194
Radu, Florin 249
Radu, Nicolae 273
Rajk, László jr 69
Ramet, Pedro 278
Raţiu, Ioan Doru 113
Rădescu, Vlad 41, 45, 58
Rădulescu, Gogu 38
Rettegi, Károly 46, 250
Révai, László 204, 214
Riczel, Etelka 10, 207, 277
Ritz, Tibor 42, 58
Roman, Domide 42, 58, 185
Rogojan, Aurel 64, 278
Roman, Petre 7, 8, 9, 68, 73, 76, 171,
190, 192, 196, 231, 232
Román, Elemér 262
Rostás, Dumitru/Demeter 212
Roşea 182
Roşea, Gheorghe 115, 254, 264
Rotchild, Donald 218, 221, 223, 225,
277
Rózsa, József 58
Rujoi 94
Rusu, Aurel 185
Rusu, Mircea 200
Rusu, Sabin 58
Rusu, Teodor 199, 211
292
Index
s
Sabáu, Ioan 114, 115, 117, 131, 152,
182, 201, 212, 249, 254, 255
Sabáu, Marius 264
Salat, Levente 218, 219, 221, 278
Salló, György 92
Sándor, Júlia 46, 250
Sárándi, Tamás 47, 82, 225
Sasu, Emil 41
Sábádu§, Vasile 152
Sálágean, Ioan 182
Sálágean, Simion 113, 248
Sámárghitan, Aurél 40
Shaefer, Ed 208
Scheinber, Erhard 58
Schmidt, Mária 205, 275
Scrieciu, Ion 41, 44, 45, 47, 48, 51, 52,
55, 57, 94, 97, 103, 109, 114, 115,
133, 154, 155, 156, 159, 160, 162,
164, 165, 166, 170, 179, 185, 179,
209, 217, 223, 227, 230, 235,
236, 246, 249, 254, 259, 268,
269
Sebestyén, Aba 11
Sebestyén Spielmann, Mihály 13, 34,
92, 146, 154
Seuchea, Florina 118
Siani-Davies, Peter 10, 47, 278
Simic, Olivera 10, 276
Simon, Judit 9, 278
Simonfy, Katalin 188
Simu, Gheorghe 152, 264
Simu, Ioan 77
Sin, Mihai 39, 41, 45, 58, 90, 91, 185
Sinics, Sándor 195
Sinkovits, Imre 193
Skilling, Gordon H. 278
Soare, Daniela 260
Solovástru, Ovidiu 130, 131
Sólyom, Ferenc 58
Sólyom, Péter 58
Somodi, Antoaneta 26
Somogyi, Gizella 42, 58
Soós, József 17
Staivu, Ilié 80
Stamp, Hans Ottó 112, 113, 256
Stan, Marius 7
Stan, Lavinia 278
Stáná$ilá, Octavian 256, 259
Stánculescu, Victor Atanasie 7, 147,
193, 231
Stánescu-Stanciu, Teodóra 56, 83, 278
Stoenescu, Alex Mihai 9
Stoian, Ion 66
Stoica, Dániel 146
Stoica, Florin 209
Stoica, Ioan 214
Stupan, Dániel 200
Suceavá, Corina 206
Suceavá, Vasile 146
Suciu, luíiu 248
Suciu, Mihai 258
Suciu, Victor 242
Sugár, Peter E 279
Sükösd, Levente 185
Sütő, András 9, 18, 22, 24, 38, 39, 41,
45, 46, 47, 74, 90, 92, 124, 125,
135, 148, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161,
163, 178, 192, 193, 195, 201, 202,
209, 217, 226, 227, 233, 234, 247,
269, 279
Sütő, József 204, 205, 214
Szabad, György 41, 70
Szabadi, Ferenc 206, 213, 214
Szabó, Andrei 250
Szabó, Francisc 214
Szabó, György Pál 141, 164, 178, 179,
185, 201, 247
Szabó, János 143
Szabó, József 96
Szabó, László 41, 42, 58, 185
Szabó, Miklós 93
Szántó, Rozália 25
Szász, Gyula 58
Szász, István 41
Szász, János 74
Szászkai, Miklós 143
Székely, Erzsébet 58
Székely, György 110
Székely, László 264
Szentgyörgyi, László 262
Szepessy, László 13, 38, 41, 58, 92, 124,
143, 144, 157, 158, 159, 163
Szilágyi, József 204, 214
Szilágyi, N. Sándor 77
Szilveszter Kiss, Péter 201, 204, 214
Soare, Daniela 260
Szotyori, Ernő 25
Szövérfi, László 40
293
PROVOCAREA LIBERTĂŢII. TÂRGU-MUREŞ, 16-21 MARTIE 1990
Szűcs, Pál 68, 71, 128, 161, 192
Szűrös, Mátyás 180, 181, 192, 195
ş
Şagău, Mihai 58
Şerban, Gheorghe 264
Şimon, Sabin 40
Şincan, Gheorghe 58, 90, 185, 262
Şora, Mihai 111, 177, 253, 254
Şorban, Raul 77
Ştefănescu, Călin 206
Ştefănescu, Otília 212
Şuteu, Mircea 41
T
Tabacu, Marius 13
Tabără, Eleonóra 58
Tamás, Attila 42, 58
Tamás, Ernő 32
Tamás, Gáspár Miklós 193
Tamás, Lajos 42, 58
Tamás, Pál 279
Tamási, Áron 125
Tánczos, Vilmos 238, 279
Tánase, Stelian 10, 69, 279
Tărchilă, Dán 77
Tămpănariu, Nicolae 106
Târnăveanu, Emil 41, 42, 49, 58, 185,
186,251,258, 260
Teglaş, Daniel 146
Teodoreacu, Alin 69
Teodorescu, Adrian 41
Teodorescu, Filip 280
Tero, Aurel 57
Theil, Peter 58
Theodoru 73
Thürmer, Gyula 194
Tímár, Ferencz 41
Tímár, N. 163
Tísmaneanu, Vladimír 10, 190, 221, 279
Todea, Alexandru 41, 58, 114
Todoran, Sabin 200, 209
Togănel, Ioan 252
Tófalvi, Zoltán 92, 165, 263
Tófalvi, Zselyke 207
Tofán, Mihály 205, 215
Tóth, Árpád 201, 204, 205, 214
Tőkés, András 24, 30, 41, 52, 58, 92,
94, 101, 104, 128, 153, 163, 184,
185, 254
Tőkés, István 30
Tőkés, László 30, 67, 73, 74, 85, 90, 93,
134, 153, 155
Tőkés, Sándor 143
Torna, Cristina 11
Tompa, Klára 11
Tompea, Traian 152
Toncean, Elena 54
Tónk, Sándor 113, 140
Toró, Tibor sr. 74
Török, János 93, 140
Török, László 93, 126, 250
Tóth, Árpád 201, 204, 205, 214
Tóth, Ferenc 91
Traca, Tiberiu 53
Truţă, Viorel 40
Tüdős, István 74
Tudorán, Dorin 7
Tudorán, Sabin 227
Turcu, Dumitru 58
Turdeanu, Dorin 178
Tuşnea, Vasile 58, 185
Tzala, Gerhard 41
T
Ţâra, Vasile 44, 45, 56, 57, 58, 97, 113,
114, 115, 131, 146, 152, 153, 155,
164, 182, 185, 201, 209, 235, 266
Ţepelea, Gábriel 77
u
Ughi, István 215
Uifalean, Sorin 42, 58, 185, 186, 248,
251, 258
Ulieru, Nicolae 190, 217
Unghy, István-Miklós 203
Ungvári Zrínyi, Imre 58, 141
Urcan, Gheorghe 58
Urda, Ştefan 256
Urdea, Vasile 115, 254
Uzum, Petre 209
v
Vajda, András 205, 215
Vajda, Domokos 210, 214
Vajda, Ferenc 210, 215
Vajda, György 13, 35, 58
Valter, József 97
Van Dúsén 70
Vance, Diane 278
294
Index
Varga, E. Árpád 25
Vasile, Cristian 13, 190, 279
Vasluian, Ioan 34, 41
Vass, Sándor 205, 206, 215
Vafá, Virgil Andrei 179
Velcherean, Victor 146
Veress, Eszter 262
Veress, Károly 57, 58, 154, 259
Veres, Valér 20, 279
Verestóy, Attila 74, 84, 147, 152, 177,
230, 268, 273
Vere$, Iulian 25
Vetiçanu, Vasile 77
Vetian, Emil 53
Vincze, János 83
Vincze, József 62
Vincze, Gábor 22, 65, 279
Vintila, Adela 58
Virág, György 22, 45, 48, 57, 58, 96,
139, 185, 217, 249, 259
Vitos, Lajos 163, 202
Voda, Eugen 41
Voica, Dénes 214
Voican Voiculescu, Gelu 80, 81, 166,
177, 178, 182, 184, 185, 186, 188,
217, 230, 273
Vranitzky, Franz 196
Vufa, Aurél 42, 58
Walker, Lee 10, 279
Walter, József 41, 46, 249, 250
Weszely, Tibor 42, 58, 93, 100, 101,
103, 163, 182, 248,251,258
z
Zabláu, Susana 26
Zaharagiu, Alexandru 40
Zahorán, Csaba 10, 81, 279
Zakariás, Zoltán 264
Zala, Volcic 10, 276
Zágrean, Iosif 279
Zernoveanu, Radu 254
Zolcsák, Sándor 164, 167, 262
Zöld, Ferenc 262
Zsigmond, Bálint 13, 58
Zsigmond, László 242
Zwik, Peter 280
w
Bayerische
StaatsbibUothek
München
J
295
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Márton, László 1959- |
| author2 | Tabacu, Marius |
| author2_role | trl |
| author2_variant | m t mt |
| author_GND | (DE-588)120234807 (DE-588)132166844 |
| author_facet | Márton, László 1959- Tabacu, Marius |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Márton, László 1959- |
| author_variant | l m lm |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV044262702 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1002239927 (DE-599)BVBBV044262702 |
| era | Geschichte 1945-1990 gnd Geschichte 1990 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1945-1990 Geschichte 1990 |
| format | Book |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>04295nam a2200853 c 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV044262702</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20191126 </controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">170405s2016 a||| |||| 00||| rum d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="z">9786068377438</subfield><subfield code="9">978-606-8377-43-8</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="z">6068377431</subfield><subfield code="9">6068377431</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)1002239927</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV044262702</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rda</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">rum</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">OST</subfield><subfield code="q">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="2">fid</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Márton, László</subfield><subfield code="d">1959-</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)120234807</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="240" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">A szabadság terhe : Marosvásárhely, 1990. március 16-21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Provocarea libertăţii</subfield><subfield code="b">Târgu-Mureş, 16-21 martie 1990</subfield><subfield code="c">László Márton, Zoltán Csaba Novák ; tradus de Marius Tabacu ; prefaţă de Vladimir Tismăneanu</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Cluj-Napoca</subfield><subfield code="b">Institutul pentru studierea problemelor minorităţilor naţionale</subfield><subfield code="c">2016</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">295 Seiten</subfield><subfield code="b">Illustrationen</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="546" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Zusammenfassung englisch</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="648" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1945-1990</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="648" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1990</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Hongrois / Roumanie / 1990- ..</subfield><subfield code="2">ram</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Politik</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4046514-7</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Magyaren</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4100008-0</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Niederschlagung</subfield><subfield code="g">Politik</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4322325-4</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Minderheit</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4752223-9</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Minderheitenrecht</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4039411-6</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Demonstration</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4070285-6</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Roumanie / 1989 (Révolution)</subfield><subfield code="2">ram</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Roumanie / Relations interethniques / 1990- ..</subfield><subfield code="2">ram</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Rumänien</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4050939-4</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Târgu Mureş</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)506966-X</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Ungarn</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4078541-5</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Târgu Mureş</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)506966-X</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Magyaren</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4100008-0</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Minderheitenrecht</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4039411-6</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="3"><subfield code="a">Demonstration</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4070285-6</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Niederschlagung</subfield><subfield code="g">Politik</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4322325-4</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="5"><subfield code="a">Politik</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4046514-7</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="6"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1990</subfield><subfield code="A">z</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Ungarn</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4078541-5</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Rumänien</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4050939-4</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Magyaren</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4100008-0</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="3"><subfield code="a">Minderheit</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4752223-9</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Politik</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4046514-7</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="5"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1945-1990</subfield><subfield code="A">z</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Tabacu, Marius</subfield><subfield code="4">trl</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Tismăneanu, Vladimir</subfield><subfield code="d">1951-</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)132166844</subfield><subfield code="4">wpr</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029667584&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029667584&sequence=000002&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Literaturverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029667584&sequence=000003&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Abstract</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029667584&sequence=000004&line_number=0004&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Register // Personenregister</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="n">oe</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-029667584</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">909</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09049</subfield><subfield code="g">439</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">355.009</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09049</subfield><subfield code="g">439</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">307.09</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09049</subfield><subfield code="g">439</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">907.2</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09049</subfield><subfield code="g">439</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">355.009</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09049</subfield><subfield code="g">498</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">351.09</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09049</subfield><subfield code="g">498</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">351.09</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09049</subfield><subfield code="g">439</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">907.2</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09049</subfield><subfield code="g">498</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">909</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09049</subfield><subfield code="g">498</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">307.09</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09049</subfield><subfield code="g">498</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| geographic | Roumanie / 1989 (Révolution) ram Roumanie / Relations interethniques / 1990- .. ram Rumänien (DE-588)4050939-4 gnd Târgu Mureş (DE-588)506966-X gnd Ungarn (DE-588)4078541-5 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Roumanie / 1989 (Révolution) Roumanie / Relations interethniques / 1990- .. Rumänien Târgu Mureş Ungarn |
| id | DE-604.BV044262702 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T07:48:07Z |
| institution | BVB |
| language | Romanian |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-029667584 |
| oclc_num | 1002239927 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 295 Seiten Illustrationen |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publishDateSearch | 2016 |
| publishDateSort | 2016 |
| publisher | Institutul pentru studierea problemelor minorităţilor naţionale |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Márton, László 1959- Verfasser (DE-588)120234807 aut A szabadság terhe : Marosvásárhely, 1990. március 16-21 Provocarea libertăţii Târgu-Mureş, 16-21 martie 1990 László Márton, Zoltán Csaba Novák ; tradus de Marius Tabacu ; prefaţă de Vladimir Tismăneanu Cluj-Napoca Institutul pentru studierea problemelor minorităţilor naţionale 2016 295 Seiten Illustrationen txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Zusammenfassung englisch Geschichte 1945-1990 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte 1990 gnd rswk-swf Hongrois / Roumanie / 1990- .. ram Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 gnd rswk-swf Magyaren (DE-588)4100008-0 gnd rswk-swf Niederschlagung Politik (DE-588)4322325-4 gnd rswk-swf Minderheit (DE-588)4752223-9 gnd rswk-swf Minderheitenrecht (DE-588)4039411-6 gnd rswk-swf Demonstration (DE-588)4070285-6 gnd rswk-swf Roumanie / 1989 (Révolution) ram Roumanie / Relations interethniques / 1990- .. ram Rumänien (DE-588)4050939-4 gnd rswk-swf Târgu Mureş (DE-588)506966-X gnd rswk-swf Ungarn (DE-588)4078541-5 gnd rswk-swf Târgu Mureş (DE-588)506966-X g Magyaren (DE-588)4100008-0 s Minderheitenrecht (DE-588)4039411-6 s Demonstration (DE-588)4070285-6 s Niederschlagung Politik (DE-588)4322325-4 s Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 s Geschichte 1990 z DE-604 Ungarn (DE-588)4078541-5 g Rumänien (DE-588)4050939-4 g Minderheit (DE-588)4752223-9 s Geschichte 1945-1990 z Tabacu, Marius trl Tismăneanu, Vladimir 1951- (DE-588)132166844 wpr Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029667584&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029667584&sequence=000002&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029667584&sequence=000003&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029667584&sequence=000004&line_number=0004&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Personenregister |
| spellingShingle | Márton, László 1959- Provocarea libertăţii Târgu-Mureş, 16-21 martie 1990 Hongrois / Roumanie / 1990- .. ram Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 gnd Magyaren (DE-588)4100008-0 gnd Niederschlagung Politik (DE-588)4322325-4 gnd Minderheit (DE-588)4752223-9 gnd Minderheitenrecht (DE-588)4039411-6 gnd Demonstration (DE-588)4070285-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4046514-7 (DE-588)4100008-0 (DE-588)4322325-4 (DE-588)4752223-9 (DE-588)4039411-6 (DE-588)4070285-6 (DE-588)4050939-4 (DE-588)506966-X (DE-588)4078541-5 |
| title | Provocarea libertăţii Târgu-Mureş, 16-21 martie 1990 |
| title_alt | A szabadság terhe : Marosvásárhely, 1990. március 16-21 |
| title_auth | Provocarea libertăţii Târgu-Mureş, 16-21 martie 1990 |
| title_exact_search | Provocarea libertăţii Târgu-Mureş, 16-21 martie 1990 |
| title_full | Provocarea libertăţii Târgu-Mureş, 16-21 martie 1990 László Márton, Zoltán Csaba Novák ; tradus de Marius Tabacu ; prefaţă de Vladimir Tismăneanu |
| title_fullStr | Provocarea libertăţii Târgu-Mureş, 16-21 martie 1990 László Márton, Zoltán Csaba Novák ; tradus de Marius Tabacu ; prefaţă de Vladimir Tismăneanu |
| title_full_unstemmed | Provocarea libertăţii Târgu-Mureş, 16-21 martie 1990 László Márton, Zoltán Csaba Novák ; tradus de Marius Tabacu ; prefaţă de Vladimir Tismăneanu |
| title_short | Provocarea libertăţii |
| title_sort | provocarea libertatii targu mures 16 21 martie 1990 |
| title_sub | Târgu-Mureş, 16-21 martie 1990 |
| topic | Hongrois / Roumanie / 1990- .. ram Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 gnd Magyaren (DE-588)4100008-0 gnd Niederschlagung Politik (DE-588)4322325-4 gnd Minderheit (DE-588)4752223-9 gnd Minderheitenrecht (DE-588)4039411-6 gnd Demonstration (DE-588)4070285-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Hongrois / Roumanie / 1990- .. Politik Magyaren Niederschlagung Politik Minderheit Minderheitenrecht Demonstration Roumanie / 1989 (Révolution) Roumanie / Relations interethniques / 1990- .. Rumänien Târgu Mureş Ungarn |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029667584&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029667584&sequence=000002&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029667584&sequence=000003&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029667584&sequence=000004&line_number=0004&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT martonlaszlo aszabadsagterhemarosvasarhely1990marcius1621 AT tabacumarius aszabadsagterhemarosvasarhely1990marcius1621 AT tismaneanuvladimir aszabadsagterhemarosvasarhely1990marcius1621 AT martonlaszlo provocarealibertatiitargumures1621martie1990 AT tabacumarius provocarealibertatiitargumures1621martie1990 AT tismaneanuvladimir provocarealibertatiitargumures1621martie1990 |