American English:
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Weitere Verfasser: | , |
| Format: | Elektronisch E-Book |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Chichester, West Sussex, England
Wiley Blackwell
2016
|
| Ausgabe: | Third edition |
| Schriftenreihe: | Language in Society
25 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Description based on print version record |
| Beschreibung: | 1 online resource (533 pages) illustrations |
| ISBN: | 9781118390221 9781118391433 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804177083220361216 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: American English
Autor: Wolfram, Walt
Jahr: 2016
Contents
Companion Website x
List of Figures xi
Preface xiii
Phonetic Symbols xvii
1 Dialects, Standards, and Vernaculars 1
1.1 Defining Dialect 2
1.2 Dialect: The Popular Viewpoint 2
1.3 Dialect Myths and Linguistic Reality 8
1.4 Standards and Vernaculars 9
1.5 Language Descriptivism and Prescriptivism 14
1.6 Vernacular Dialects 16
1.7 Labeling Vernacular Dialects 17
1.8 Why Study Dialects? 18
1.9 A Tradition of Study 21
1.10 F ur ther Reading 24
References 25
2 Why Dialects? 27
2.1 Sociohistorical Explanation 28
2.1.1 Settlement 28
2.1.2 Migration 29
2.1.3 Geographica! factors 30
2.1.4 Language contact 31
2.1.5 Economic ecology 33
2.1.6 Social stratification 34
2.1.7 Social interaction, socialpractices, and Speech communities 35
2.1.8 Group and individual identity 38
2.2 Linguistic Explanation 40
2.2.1 Rule extensión 42
2.2.2 Analogy 44
2.2.3 Transparency and grammaticalization 47
2.2.4 Pronunciation principies 50
2.2.5 Words and jpord meanings 55
vi Contents
2.3 The Final Product
2.4 Further Reading
References
3 Levels of Dialect
3.1 Lexical Differences
3.2 Slang
3.3 Phonological Differences
3.4 Grammatical Differences
3.5 Language Use and Pragmatics
3.6 Further Reading
References
4 Dialects in the United States: Past, Present, and Future
4.1 The First English(es) in America
4.1.1 jfamestown
4.1.2 Boston
4.1.3 Philadelphia
4.1.4 Charleston
4.1.5 New Orleans
4.2 Earlier American English: The Colonial Period
4.3 American English Extended
4.4 The Westward Expansion of English
4.5 The Present and Future State of American English
4.6 Further Reading
References
5 Regional Varieties of English
5.1 Eliciting Regional Dialect Forms
5.2 Mapping Regional Variants
5.3 The Distribution of Dialect Forms
5.4 Dialect Diffusion
5.5 Perceptual Dialectology
5.6 Region and Place
5.7 Further Reading
Websites
References
6 Social Varieties of American English
6.1 Social Status and Class
6.2 Beyond Social Class
6.3 Indexing Social Meanings through Language Variation
6.4 The Patterning of Social Differences in Language
57
57
58
59
59
64
68
79
86
93
94
97
98
98
100
103
105
106
106
110
115
117
122
123
125
126
128
132
143
148
153
154
155
156
159
159
162
164
165
Contents vii
6.5 Linguistic Constraints onVariability 170
6.6 The Social Evaluation of Linguistic Features 174
6.7 Social Class and Language Change 177
6.8 Further Reading 179
References 179
7 Ethnicity and American English 183
7.1 EthnicVarieties and Ethnolinguistic Repertoire 184
7.2 Patterns of Ethnolinguistic Variation 185
7.3 Latino English 188
7.4 Cajun English 196
7.5 Lumbee English 199
7.6 Jewish American English 203
7.7 Asian American English 206
7.8 Further Reading 210
References 211
8 African American English 217
8.1 Defining the English of African Americans 218
8.2 The Relationship between European American and African
American English 220
8.3 The Origin and Early Development of African American English 225
8.3.1 The Anglicist Hypothesis 226
8.3.2 The Creolist Hypothesis 226
8.3.3 A Note on Creóle Exceptionalism 228
8.3.4 The Neo-Anglicist Hypothesis 228
8.3.5 The Substrate Hypothesis 230
8.4 The Contemporary Development
of African American Speech 231
8.5 Conclusión 238
8.6 Further Reading 239
References 240
9 Gender and Language Variation 245
9.1 Gender-based Patterns of Variation 247
9.2 Explaining General Patterns 251
9.3 Localized Expressions of Gender Relations 253
9.4 Communities of Practice: Linking the Local and the Global 255
9.5 Gender and Language Use 258
9.5.1 The Female Deficit Approach 259
9.5.2 The CulturalDifference Approach 263
9.5.3 The Dominance Approach 265
9.6 Investigating Gender Diversity 267
viii Contents
9.7 Talking about Men and Women 269
9.7.1 Generic he and man 269
9.7.2 Family names and addresses 270
9.7.3 Relationships of association 271
9.7.4 Labeling 272
9.8 The Question of Language Reform 273
9.9 Further Reading 275
References 276
10 Dialects and Style 281
10.1 Types of Style Shifting 282
10.2 Attention to Speech 286
10.2.1 The patterning of stylistic Variation across social groups 287
10.2.2 Limitations of the attention to Speech approach 291
10.3 Audience Design 293
10.3.1 The effects of audience on Speech style 295
10.3.2 Questions concerning audience design 298
10.4 Speaker Design Approaches 301
10.4.1 Three approaches to style, three ¡pavés of quantitative
sociolinguistic study 301
10.4.2 Studying stylistic Variation from a speaker-design
perspective 303
10.5 Further Considerations 306
10.6 Further Reading 307
References 309
11 The Application of Dialect Study 311
11.1 Dialects and Assessment Testing 313
11.1.1 Correctness in assessing language achievement
and development 314
11.1.2 Testing linguistic knomledge 318
11.1.3 Using language to test other knowledge 319
11.1.4 The testing Situation 321
11.2 Teaching Mainstream American English 323
11.2.1 What standard? 323
11.2.2 Approaches to MAE 326
11.2.3 Can MAE be taught? 328
11.3 Further Reading 334
References 335
12 Dialect Awareness: Extending Application
12.1 Dialects and Reading
12.2 Dialect Influence in Written Language
337
337
340
Contents ix
12.3 Liter ary Dialect
343
12.4 Proactive Dialect Awareness Programs
347
12.5 Venues of Engagement
349
12.6 A Curriculum on Dialects
351
12.7 Scrutinizing Sociolinguistic Engagement
358
12.8 Further Reading
363
Websites
363
References
364
Appendix: An Inventory of Distinguishing Dialect Features
Glossary
Index
367
391
415
|
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| dewey-tens | 420 - English & Old English (Anglo-Saxon) |
| discipline | Anglistik / Amerikanistik |
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| spelling | Wolfram, Walt 1941- aut American English Walt Wolfram and Natalie Schilling ; enhancements and exercises by Caroline Myrick and Joel Schneier Third edition Chichester, West Sussex, England Wiley Blackwell 2016 © 2016 1 online resource (533 pages) illustrations txt rdacontent c rdamedia cr rdacarrier Language in Society 25 Description based on print version record Englisch English language Dialects United States English language Variation United States Americanisms Sprachvariante (DE-588)4077741-8 gnd rswk-swf Amerikanisches Englisch (DE-588)4094804-3 gnd rswk-swf Mundart (DE-588)4040725-1 gnd rswk-swf USA Amerikanisches Englisch (DE-588)4094804-3 s Sprachvariante (DE-588)4077741-8 s 1\p DE-604 Mundart (DE-588)4040725-1 s 2\p DE-604 Schilling-Estes, Natalie aut Myrick, Caroline ctb Schneier, Joel ctb Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Wolfram, Walt, 1941- American English HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029465684&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk 2\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
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| title | American English |
| title_auth | American English |
| title_exact_search | American English |
| title_full | American English Walt Wolfram and Natalie Schilling ; enhancements and exercises by Caroline Myrick and Joel Schneier |
| title_fullStr | American English Walt Wolfram and Natalie Schilling ; enhancements and exercises by Caroline Myrick and Joel Schneier |
| title_full_unstemmed | American English Walt Wolfram and Natalie Schilling ; enhancements and exercises by Caroline Myrick and Joel Schneier |
| title_short | American English |
| title_sort | american english |
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