21st century guidebook to fungi:
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge
Cambridge University Press
2020
|
| Ausgabe: | Second Edition |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Beschreibung: | x, 600 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme |
| ISBN: | 9781108745680 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 100 | 1 | |a Moore, David |d 1942- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)143771760 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a 21st century guidebook to fungi |c David Moore (University of Manchester), Geoffrey D. Robson (University of Manchester), Anthony P. J. Trinci (University of Manchester) |
| 246 | 1 | 3 | |a Twenty-first century guidebook to fungi |
| 250 | |a Second Edition | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Cambridge |b Cambridge University Press |c 2020 | |
| 300 | |a x, 600 Seiten |b Illustrationen, Diagramme | ||
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| 700 | 1 | |a Robson, Geoffrey D. |d 1962-2018 |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)1262433231 |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Trinci, Anthony P. J. |d 1936-2020 |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)1262432995 |4 aut | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | CONTENTS Preface to the Second Edition 1 page ix Twenty-First Century Fungal Communities 1 What and Where Are Fungi? 1 Soil, the Essential Terrestrial Habitat 2 How Much Soil Is There and Where Is It? 3 The Nature of Soil and Who Made It 3 Soil Biota Are Extremely Varied and Numerous 4 Microbial Diversity in Soil 5 Microbial Diversity in General 6 Geomycology 7 The Origins of Agriculture and Our Dependence on Fungi 11 1.10 References 12 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2 Evolutionary Origins 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 Life, the Universe and Everything 15 Planet Earth: Your Habitat 16 The Goldilocks Planet 17 The Tree of Life Has Three Domains 18 The Kingdom Fungi 24 The Opisthokonts 26 Fossil Fungi 26 The Fungal Phylogeny 29 References 34 3 Natural Classification of Fungi 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 3.11 3.12 The Members of the Kingdom 38 The Chytrids 39 Neocallimastigomycota 41 Blastodadiomycota 42 The Traditional Zygomycetes 45 Glomeromycotina 50 Ascomycota 51 Basidiomycota 57 The Species Concept in Fungi 68 The Untrue Fungi 70 Ecosystem Mycology 72 References 74 4 Hyphal Cell Biology and Growth on Solid Substrates 79 4.1 4.2 15 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 Fungal Cell Biology 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Mechanisms of Mycelial Growth 97 The Fungus As a Model Eukaryote 97 The Essentials of Cell Structure 99 Subcellular Components of Eukaryotic Cells: The Nucleus 101 The Nucleolus and Nuclear Import and Export 104 Mitotic Nuclear Division 105 Meiotic Nuclear Division 107 Translation of mRNA and Protein Sorting 108 The Endomembrane Systems 110
Cytoskeletal Systems 113 Molecular Motors 115 Plasma Membrane and Signalling Pathways 120 Fungal Cell Wall 122 Cell Biology of the Hyphal Apex 124 Hyphal Fusions and Mycelial Interconnections 127 Cytokinesis and Septation 130 Yeast-Mycelial Dimorphism 135 References 136 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15 5.16 5.17 5.18 79 The Fungal Lifestyle: Colony Formation 80 Mycelium Growth Kinetics 81 Colony Growth to Maturity 84 Morphological Differentiation of Fungal Colonies 84 Duplication Cycle in Moulds 85 Regulation of Nuclear Migration 86 Growth Kinetics 86 Autotropic Reactions 90 Hyphal Branching 91 Septation 92 Ecological Advantage of Mycelial Growth in Colonising Solid Substrates 93 References 94 5 5.5 38 Mycelium: The Hyphal Mode of Growth Spore Germination and Dormancy 80 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 97 6 Fungal Genetics: From Gene Segregation to Gene Editing 143 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Basic Fungal Genetics 143 Establishing Fungal Genetic Structure Introns 146 Alternative Splicing 148 144
Contents 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 6.10 6.11 Transposons 148 Ploidy and Genomic Variation 149 Sequencing Fungal Genomes 150 Annotating the Genome 153 Fungal Genomes and Their Comparison 158 Manipulating Genomes: Gene Editing 159 r References 165 7 Structure and Synthesis of Fungal Cell Walls 171 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 The Fungal Wall As a Working Organelle Fundamentals of Wall Structure and Function 172 Fundamentals of Wall Architecture 175 The Chitin Component 175 The Glucan Component 177 The Glycoprotein Component 178 Wall Synthesis and Remodelling 180 On the Far Side 184 References 187 171 8 From the Haploid to the Functional Diploid: Homokaryons, Heterokaryons, Dikaryons and Compatibility 192 8.1 Compatibility and the Individualistic Mycelium 192 Formation of Heterokaryons 194 Breakdown of a Heterokaryon 195 The Dikaryon 196 Vegetative Compatibility 197 Biology of Incompatibility Systems 200 Gene Segregation During the Mitotic Division 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 Cycle 201 Parasexual Cycle 204 _ . . _ . ... , , . _. . , Cytoplasmic Segregations: Mitochondria, Plasmids, Viruses and Prions 205 „ r 8.10 References 208 8.8 8.9 10 ю.1 qq շ W3 10.4 10.5 10.6 Conidiomata _ „ 10.8 Linear Structures: Strands, Cords, Rhizomorphs and Stipes 240 _. . _ _ , . _ Globose Structures: Sclerotia, Stromata, A , _ . .. Ascomata and Basidiomata 242 References 245 10.9 11 ^-՜1 11 -2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 Sexual Reproduction: The Basis of Diversity and Taxonomy 211 The Process of Sexual Reproduction 211 Mating in Budding Yeast 214 Mating Type Switching in Budding
Yeast 215 Mating Types of Neurospora 218 Mating Types in Basidiomycota 220 Biology of Mating Type Factors 226 References 226 238 Fungi in Ecosystems 249 3 J Contributions of Fungi to Ecosystems 249 Breakdown of Polysaccharide: Cellulose 250 Breakdown of Polysaccharide: Hemicellulose 252 Breakdown of Polysaccharide: Pectins 252 Breakdown of Polysaccharide: Chitin 253 Breakdown of Polysaccharide: Starch and Glycogen 253 Lignin Degradation 255 Digestion of Protein 258 Lipases and Esterases 259 Phosphatases and Sulfatases 260 The Flow of Nutrients: Transport and Translocation 260 Ո1շ Pr¡mary (Intermediary) Metabolism 263 .и л , .. . . ,. ~ , 11.13 Secondary Metabolites, Including Commercial Products Like Statins and Strobilurins 268 11.7 11.8 -11.9 11.10 ц ,ц 11.14 References 12 12.1 9 Continuing the Diversity Theme: Ceil and Tis Differentiation 229 What Is Diversity? 229 Mycelial Differentiation 230 Making Spores 232 ... . Aspergillus Conidiophores 235 Conidiation in Neurospora crassa 237 ^2·2 12.3 12·4 1շ-$ 12.6 12-7 12.8 12.9. 275 Exploiting Fungi for Food r a a Fungi As Food 279 279 Fungi in Food Webs 279 Wild Harvests: Commercial Mushroom Picking 284 Cells and Mycelium As Human Food 286 Fermented Foods 287 Industrial Cultivation Methods 287 Gardening Insects and Fungi 291 Development of a Fungal Sporophore 291 References 291
Contents 3 2 3 3 ; 3.4 13.5 13.6 13.7 13.8 13.9 13.10 13.11 13.12 13.13 13.14 13.15 13.16 13.17 Development and Morphogenesis 295 Development and Morphogenesis 295 The Formal Terminology of Developmental Biology 296 The Observational and Experimental Basis of Fungal Developmental Biology 298 Ten Ways to Make a Mushroom 299 Competence and Regional Patterning 301 The Coprinopsis Mushroom: Making Hymenia 303 Coprinopsis and Volvariella Making Gills (Not Forgetting How Polypores Make Tubes) 306 The Coprinopsis Mushroom: Making Stems 310 Coordination of Cell Inflation Throughout the Maturing Mushroom 312 Mushroom Mechanics 314 Metabolic Regulation in Relation to Morphogenesis 314 Developmental Commitment 317 Comparisons with Other Tissues and Other Organisms 319 Genetic Approaches to Study Development: Through the Classic to Genomic Systems Analysis 320 Senescence and Death 330 Basic Principles of Fungal Developmental Biology 331 References 332 Monotropoid Endomycorrhizas 360 Orchidaceous Endomycorrhizas 361 Ectomycorrhizas 363 Ectendomycorrhizas 367 The Effects of Mycorrhizas, Their Commercial Applications and the Impact of Environmental and Climate Changes 367 14.18 Introduction to Lichens 373 14.19 Introduction to Endophytes 376 14.20 Epiphytes 378 14.21 References 378 14.13 14.14 14.15 14.16 14.17 15 15.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 15.5 15.6 15.7 Fungal Cooperative Ventures 388 Ant Agriculture 389 Termite Gardeners of Africa 393 Agriculture in Beetles 395 Anaerobic Fungi and the Rise of the Ruminants 396 Nematode-Trapping Fungi 400 References 402 16 Fungi As Pathogens of Plants 16.1
Fungal Diseases and Loss of World Agricultural Production 408 A Few Examples of Headline Crop Diseases 411 The Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae (Ascomycota) 412 Armillaria (Basidiomycota) 412 Pathogens that Produce Haustoria (Ascomycota and Basidiomycota) 413 Cercospora (Ascomycota) 413 Ophiostoma (Ceratocystis) novo-ulmi (Asco myco ta) 414 Black Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis F. Sp. tritici) Threatens Global Wheat Harvest 415 Plant Disease Basics: The Disease Triangle 416 Necrotrophic and Biotrophic Pathogens of Plants 417 The Effects of Pathogens on Their Hosts 418 How Pathogens Attack Plants 420 Host Penetration Through Stomatai Openings 421 Direct Penetration of the Host Cell Wall 423 Enzymatic Penetration of the Host 423 16.2 16.3 14 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 Ecosystem Mycology: Saprotrophs, and Mutualisms Between Plants and Fungi 341 Ecosystem Mycology 341 Fungi As Recyclers and Saprotrophs 346 Make the Earth Move 347 Fungal Toxins: Food Contamination and Deterioration (Including Mention of Statins and Strobilurins) 348 14.5 Decay of Structural Timber in Dwellings 350 14.6 Using Fungi to Remediate Toxic and Recalcitrant Wastes 352 14.7 Release of Chlorohydrocarbons into the Atmosphere by Wood-Decay Fungi 354 14.8 Introduction to Mycorrhizas 355 14.9 Types of Mycorrhiza 356 14.10 Arbuscular (AM) Endomycorrhizas 357 14.11 Ericoid Endomycorrhizas 359 14.12 Arbutoid Endomycorrhizas 360 Fungi As Symbionts and Predators of Animals 388 16.4 16.5 16.6 16.7 16.8 16.9 16.10 16.11 16.12 16.13 16.14 16.15 408
Contents 16.16 Preformed and Induced Defence Mechanisms in Plants 426 16.17 Genetic Variation in Pathogens and Their Hosts: Coevolution of Disease Systems 427 16.18 References 429 17 Fungi As Pathogens of Animals, Including Humans 435 17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 17.5 17.6 17.7 17.14 17.15 17.16 Pathogens of Insects 435 Microsporidia 436 Trichomycetes 438 Laboulbeniales 439 Entomogenous Fungi 440 Biological Control of Arthropod Pests 443 Cutaneous Chytridiomycosis: An Emerging Infectious Disease of Amphibians 445 Aspergillosis Disease of Coral 446 Snake Fungal Disease 447 White-Nose Syndrome of Bats 447 Mycoses: The Fungus Diseases of Humans 448 Clinical Groupings for Human Fungal Infections 450 Fungi Within the Home and Their Effects on Health: Allergens and Toxins 455 Comparison of Animal and Plant Pathogens 459 Mycoparasitic and Fungicolous Fungi 461 References 466 18 Killing Fungi: Antifungals and Fungicides 18.1 18.2 Agents that Target Fungi 473 Antifungal Agents that Target the Fungal Membrane 474 Antifungal Agents that Target the Fungal Wall 481 Agricultural Mycocides for the Twenty-First Century: Strobilurins 482 Control of Fungal Diseases for the Twenty-First Century: Integrated Pest Management and Combinatorial Therapy 486 References 489 17.8 17.9 17.10 17.11 17.12 17.13 18.3 18.4 18.5 18.6 19 Whole Organism Biotechnology 19.1 Fungal Fermentations in Submerged Liquid Cultures 492 Culturing Fungi 493 Oxygen Demand and Supply 496 Fermenter Engineering 497 Fungal Growth in Liquid Cultures 499 Fermenter Growth Kinetics 501 Growth Yield 503 Stationary Phase 503 Growth As
Pellets 505 Beyond the Batch Culture 507 Chemostats and Turbidostats 507 Uses of Submerged Fermentations 510 Alcoholic Fermentations 512 Citric Acid Biotechnology 513 Penicillin and Other Pharmaceuticals 514 Enzymes for Fabric Conditioning and Processing, and Food Processing 520 Steroids and Use of Fungi to Make Chemical Transformations 522 The Quorn® Fermentation and Evolution in Fermenters 522 Production of Spores and Other Inocula 528 Natural Digestive Fermentations in Herbivores 529 Solid-State Fermentations 529 Digestion of Lignocellulosic Residues 532 Bread: The Other Side of the Alcoholic Fermentation Equation 534 Cheese and Salami Manufacture 535 Soy Sauce, Tempeh and Other Food Products 539 Fungi As Cell Factories 540 References 543 19.2 19.3 19.4 19.5 19.6 19.7 19.8 19.9 19.10 19.11 19.12 19.13 19.14 19.15 19.16 19.17 19.18 19.19 19.20 19.21 19.22 19.23 473 19.24 19.25 19.26 19.27 Appendices 492 551 Appendix 1 Outline Classification of Fungi 551 Appendix 2 Mycelial and Hyphal Differentiation 567 Index 579
The mysterious world of fungi is once again unearthed in this expansive second edition. This textbook provides readers with an all-embracing view of the kingdom Fungi, ranging in scope from ecology and evolution, diversity and taxonomy, cell biology and biochemistry, to genetics and genomics, biotechnology and bioinformatics. Adopting a unique systems biology approach - and using explanatory figures and colour illustrations - the authors emphasise the diverse interactions between fungi and other organisms. They outline how recent advances in molecular techniques and computational biology have fundamentally changed our understanding of fungal biology, and have updated chapters and references throughout the book in light of this. TlbiC íe SI fsicŕ*írb9Ýínŕb ЗПѓ4 AfWäCCtlblo fli Ю 1^^ u I C*dL*l1 ΙύΙ Lli i Lj і і LJ ^*Լ* 4*Հ* ЭЭІ LJ IL? guide, which will appeal to a broad readership - from aspiring mycologists at undergraduate and graduate level to those studying related disciplines. Online resources are hosted on a complementary website.
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| adam_txt |
CONTENTS Preface to the Second Edition 1 page ix Twenty-First Century Fungal Communities 1 What and Where Are Fungi? 1 Soil, the Essential Terrestrial Habitat 2 How Much Soil Is There and Where Is It? 3 The Nature of Soil and Who Made It 3 Soil Biota Are Extremely Varied and Numerous 4 Microbial Diversity in Soil 5 Microbial Diversity in General 6 Geomycology 7 The Origins of Agriculture and Our Dependence on Fungi 11 1.10 References 12 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2 Evolutionary Origins 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 Life, the Universe and Everything 15 Planet Earth: Your Habitat 16 The Goldilocks Planet 17 The Tree of Life Has Three Domains 18 The Kingdom Fungi 24 The Opisthokonts 26 Fossil Fungi 26 The Fungal Phylogeny 29 References 34 3 Natural Classification of Fungi 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 3.11 3.12 The Members of the Kingdom 38 The Chytrids 39 Neocallimastigomycota 41 Blastodadiomycota 42 The Traditional Zygomycetes 45 Glomeromycotina 50 Ascomycota 51 Basidiomycota 57 The Species Concept in Fungi 68 The Untrue Fungi 70 Ecosystem Mycology 72 References 74 4 Hyphal Cell Biology and Growth on Solid Substrates 79 4.1 4.2 15 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 Fungal Cell Biology 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Mechanisms of Mycelial Growth 97 The Fungus As a Model Eukaryote 97 The Essentials of Cell Structure 99 Subcellular Components of Eukaryotic Cells: The Nucleus 101 The Nucleolus and Nuclear Import and Export 104 Mitotic Nuclear Division 105 Meiotic Nuclear Division 107 Translation of mRNA and Protein Sorting 108 The Endomembrane Systems 110
Cytoskeletal Systems 113 Molecular Motors 115 Plasma Membrane and Signalling Pathways 120 Fungal Cell Wall 122 Cell Biology of the Hyphal Apex 124 Hyphal Fusions and Mycelial Interconnections 127 Cytokinesis and Septation 130 Yeast-Mycelial Dimorphism 135 References 136 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15 5.16 5.17 5.18 79 The Fungal Lifestyle: Colony Formation 80 Mycelium Growth Kinetics 81 Colony Growth to Maturity 84 Morphological Differentiation of Fungal Colonies 84 Duplication Cycle in Moulds 85 Regulation of Nuclear Migration 86 Growth Kinetics 86 Autotropic Reactions 90 Hyphal Branching 91 Septation 92 Ecological Advantage of Mycelial Growth in Colonising Solid Substrates 93 References 94 5 5.5 38 Mycelium: The Hyphal Mode of Growth Spore Germination and Dormancy 80 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 97 6 Fungal Genetics: From Gene Segregation to Gene Editing 143 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Basic Fungal Genetics 143 Establishing Fungal Genetic Structure Introns 146 Alternative Splicing 148 144
Contents 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 6.10 6.11 Transposons 148 Ploidy and Genomic Variation 149 Sequencing Fungal Genomes 150 Annotating the Genome 153 Fungal Genomes and Their Comparison 158 Manipulating Genomes: Gene Editing 159 r References 165 7 Structure and Synthesis of Fungal Cell Walls 171 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 The Fungal Wall As a Working Organelle Fundamentals of Wall Structure and Function 172 Fundamentals of Wall Architecture 175 The Chitin Component 175 The Glucan Component 177 The Glycoprotein Component 178 Wall Synthesis and Remodelling 180 On the Far Side 184 References 187 171 8 From the Haploid to the Functional Diploid: Homokaryons, Heterokaryons, Dikaryons and Compatibility 192 8.1 Compatibility and the Individualistic Mycelium 192 Formation of Heterokaryons 194 Breakdown of a Heterokaryon 195 The Dikaryon 196 Vegetative Compatibility 197 Biology of Incompatibility Systems 200 Gene Segregation During the Mitotic Division 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 Cycle 201 Parasexual Cycle 204 _ . . _ . . , , . _. . , Cytoplasmic Segregations: Mitochondria, Plasmids, Viruses and Prions 205 „ r 8.10 References 208 8.8 8.9 10 ю.1 qq շ W3 10.4 10.5 10.6 Conidiomata _ „ 10.8 Linear Structures: Strands, Cords, Rhizomorphs and Stipes 240 _. . _ _ , . _ Globose Structures: Sclerotia, Stromata, A , _ . . Ascomata and Basidiomata 242 References 245 10.9 11 ^-՜1 11 -2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 Sexual Reproduction: The Basis of Diversity and Taxonomy 211 The Process of Sexual Reproduction 211 Mating in Budding Yeast 214 Mating Type Switching in Budding
Yeast 215 Mating Types of Neurospora 218 Mating Types in Basidiomycota 220 Biology of Mating Type Factors 226 References 226 238 Fungi in Ecosystems 249 3 J Contributions of Fungi to Ecosystems 249 Breakdown of Polysaccharide: Cellulose 250 Breakdown of Polysaccharide: Hemicellulose 252 Breakdown of Polysaccharide: Pectins 252 Breakdown of Polysaccharide: Chitin 253 Breakdown of Polysaccharide: Starch and Glycogen 253 Lignin Degradation 255 Digestion of Protein 258 Lipases and Esterases 259 Phosphatases and Sulfatases 260 The Flow of Nutrients: Transport and Translocation 260 Ո1շ Pr¡mary (Intermediary) Metabolism 263 .и л , . . . ,. ~ , 11.13 Secondary Metabolites, Including Commercial Products Like Statins and Strobilurins 268 11.7 11.8 -11.9 11.10 ц ,ц 11.14 References 12 12.1 9 Continuing the Diversity Theme: Ceil and Tis Differentiation 229 What Is Diversity? 229 Mycelial Differentiation 230 Making Spores 232 . . Aspergillus Conidiophores 235 Conidiation in Neurospora crassa 237 ^2·2 12.3 12·4 1շ-$ 12.6 12-7 12.8 12.9. 275 Exploiting Fungi for Food r a a Fungi As Food 279 279 Fungi in Food Webs 279 Wild Harvests: Commercial Mushroom Picking 284 Cells and Mycelium As Human Food 286 Fermented Foods 287 Industrial Cultivation Methods 287 Gardening Insects and Fungi 291 Development of a Fungal Sporophore 291 References 291
Contents 3 " 2 3 3 ; 3.4 13.5 13.6 13.7 13.8 13.9 13.10 13.11 13.12 13.13 13.14 13.15 13.16 13.17 Development and Morphogenesis 295 Development and Morphogenesis 295 The Formal Terminology of Developmental Biology 296 The Observational and Experimental Basis of Fungal Developmental Biology 298 Ten Ways to Make a Mushroom 299 Competence and Regional Patterning 301 The Coprinopsis Mushroom: Making Hymenia 303 Coprinopsis and Volvariella Making Gills (Not Forgetting How Polypores Make Tubes) 306 The Coprinopsis Mushroom: Making Stems 310 Coordination of Cell Inflation Throughout the Maturing Mushroom 312 Mushroom Mechanics 314 Metabolic Regulation in Relation to Morphogenesis 314 Developmental Commitment 317 Comparisons with Other Tissues and Other Organisms 319 Genetic Approaches to Study Development: Through the Classic to Genomic Systems Analysis 320 Senescence and Death 330 Basic Principles of Fungal Developmental Biology 331 References 332 Monotropoid Endomycorrhizas 360 Orchidaceous Endomycorrhizas 361 Ectomycorrhizas 363 Ectendomycorrhizas 367 The Effects of Mycorrhizas, Their Commercial Applications and the Impact of Environmental and Climate Changes 367 14.18 Introduction to Lichens 373 14.19 Introduction to Endophytes 376 14.20 Epiphytes 378 14.21 References 378 14.13 14.14 14.15 14.16 14.17 15 15.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 15.5 15.6 15.7 Fungal Cooperative Ventures 388 Ant Agriculture 389 Termite Gardeners of Africa 393 Agriculture in Beetles 395 Anaerobic Fungi and the Rise of the Ruminants 396 Nematode-Trapping Fungi 400 References 402 16 Fungi As Pathogens of Plants 16.1
Fungal Diseases and Loss of World Agricultural Production 408 A Few Examples of Headline Crop Diseases 411 The Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae (Ascomycota) 412 Armillaria (Basidiomycota) 412 Pathogens that Produce Haustoria (Ascomycota and Basidiomycota) 413 Cercospora (Ascomycota) 413 Ophiostoma (Ceratocystis) novo-ulmi (Asco myco ta) 414 Black Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis F. Sp. tritici) Threatens Global Wheat Harvest 415 Plant Disease Basics: The Disease Triangle 416 Necrotrophic and Biotrophic Pathogens of Plants 417 The Effects of Pathogens on Their Hosts 418 How Pathogens Attack Plants 420 Host Penetration Through Stomatai Openings 421 Direct Penetration of the Host Cell Wall 423 Enzymatic Penetration of the Host 423 16.2 16.3 14 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 Ecosystem Mycology: Saprotrophs, and Mutualisms Between Plants and Fungi 341 Ecosystem Mycology 341 Fungi As Recyclers and Saprotrophs 346 Make the Earth Move 347 Fungal Toxins: Food Contamination and Deterioration (Including Mention of Statins and Strobilurins) 348 14.5 Decay of Structural Timber in Dwellings 350 14.6 Using Fungi to Remediate Toxic and Recalcitrant Wastes 352 14.7 Release of Chlorohydrocarbons into the Atmosphere by Wood-Decay Fungi 354 14.8 Introduction to Mycorrhizas 355 14.9 Types of Mycorrhiza 356 14.10 Arbuscular (AM) Endomycorrhizas 357 14.11 Ericoid Endomycorrhizas 359 14.12 Arbutoid Endomycorrhizas 360 Fungi As Symbionts and Predators of Animals 388 16.4 16.5 16.6 16.7 16.8 16.9 16.10 16.11 16.12 16.13 16.14 16.15 408
Contents 16.16 Preformed and Induced Defence Mechanisms in Plants 426 16.17 Genetic Variation in Pathogens and Their Hosts: Coevolution of Disease Systems 427 16.18 References 429 17 Fungi As Pathogens of Animals, Including Humans 435 17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 17.5 17.6 17.7 17.14 17.15 17.16 Pathogens of Insects 435 Microsporidia 436 Trichomycetes 438 Laboulbeniales 439 Entomogenous Fungi 440 Biological Control of Arthropod Pests 443 Cutaneous Chytridiomycosis: An Emerging Infectious Disease of Amphibians 445 Aspergillosis Disease of Coral 446 Snake Fungal Disease 447 White-Nose Syndrome of Bats 447 Mycoses: The Fungus Diseases of Humans 448 Clinical Groupings for Human Fungal Infections 450 Fungi Within the Home and Their Effects on Health: Allergens and Toxins 455 Comparison of Animal and Plant Pathogens 459 Mycoparasitic and Fungicolous Fungi 461 References 466 18 Killing Fungi: Antifungals and Fungicides 18.1 18.2 Agents that Target Fungi 473 Antifungal Agents that Target the Fungal Membrane 474 Antifungal Agents that Target the Fungal Wall 481 Agricultural Mycocides for the Twenty-First Century: Strobilurins 482 Control of Fungal Diseases for the Twenty-First Century: Integrated Pest Management and Combinatorial Therapy 486 References 489 17.8 17.9 17.10 17.11 17.12 17.13 18.3 18.4 18.5 18.6 19 Whole Organism Biotechnology 19.1 Fungal Fermentations in Submerged Liquid Cultures 492 Culturing Fungi 493 Oxygen Demand and Supply 496 Fermenter Engineering 497 Fungal Growth in Liquid Cultures 499 Fermenter Growth Kinetics 501 Growth Yield 503 Stationary Phase 503 Growth As
Pellets 505 Beyond the Batch Culture 507 Chemostats and Turbidostats 507 Uses of Submerged Fermentations 510 Alcoholic Fermentations 512 Citric Acid Biotechnology 513 Penicillin and Other Pharmaceuticals 514 Enzymes for Fabric Conditioning and Processing, and Food Processing 520 Steroids and Use of Fungi to Make Chemical Transformations 522 The Quorn® Fermentation and Evolution in Fermenters 522 Production of Spores and Other Inocula 528 Natural Digestive Fermentations in Herbivores 529 Solid-State Fermentations 529 Digestion of Lignocellulosic Residues 532 Bread: The Other Side of the Alcoholic Fermentation Equation 534 Cheese and Salami Manufacture 535 Soy Sauce, Tempeh and Other Food Products 539 Fungi As Cell Factories 540 References 543 19.2 19.3 19.4 19.5 19.6 19.7 19.8 19.9 19.10 19.11 19.12 19.13 19.14 19.15 19.16 19.17 19.18 19.19 19.20 19.21 19.22 19.23 473 19.24 19.25 19.26 19.27 Appendices 492 551 Appendix 1 Outline Classification of Fungi 551 Appendix 2 Mycelial and Hyphal Differentiation 567 Index 579
The mysterious world of fungi is once again unearthed in this expansive second edition. This textbook provides readers with an all-embracing view of the kingdom Fungi, ranging in scope from ecology and evolution, diversity and taxonomy, cell biology and biochemistry, to genetics and genomics, biotechnology and bioinformatics. Adopting a unique systems biology approach - and using explanatory figures and colour illustrations - the authors emphasise the diverse interactions between fungi and other organisms. They outline how recent advances in molecular techniques and computational biology have fundamentally changed our understanding of fungal biology, and have updated chapters and references throughout the book in light of this. TlbiC íe SI fsicŕ*írb9Ýínŕb ЗПѓ4 AfWäCCtlblo fli Ю 1^^ u I C*dL*l1 ΙύΙ Lli i Lj і і LJ ^*Լ* 4*Հ* ЭЭІ LJ IL? guide, which will appeal to a broad readership - from aspiring mycologists at undergraduate and graduate level to those studying related disciplines. Online resources are hosted on a complementary website. |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Moore, David 1942- Robson, Geoffrey D. 1962-2018 Trinci, Anthony P. J. 1936-2020 |
| author_GND | (DE-588)143771760 (DE-588)1262433231 (DE-588)1262432995 |
| author_facet | Moore, David 1942- Robson, Geoffrey D. 1962-2018 Trinci, Anthony P. J. 1936-2020 |
| author_role | aut aut aut |
| author_sort | Moore, David 1942- |
| author_variant | d m dm g d r gd gdr a p j t apj apjt |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV046801879 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1190677255 (DE-599)BVBBV046801879 |
| edition | Second Edition |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV046801879 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T14:56:05Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T08:54:14Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781108745680 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032210625 |
| oclc_num | 1190677255 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-29T DE-11 DE-188 DE-384 |
| owner_facet | DE-29T DE-11 DE-188 DE-384 |
| physical | x, 600 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publishDateSearch | 2020 |
| publishDateSort | 2020 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Moore, David 1942- Verfasser (DE-588)143771760 aut 21st century guidebook to fungi David Moore (University of Manchester), Geoffrey D. Robson (University of Manchester), Anthony P. J. Trinci (University of Manchester) Twenty-first century guidebook to fungi Second Edition Cambridge Cambridge University Press 2020 x, 600 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier bicssc Mykologie (DE-588)4139655-8 gnd rswk-swf Pilze (DE-588)4046076-9 gnd rswk-swf Pilze (DE-588)4046076-9 s Mykologie (DE-588)4139655-8 s DE-604 Robson, Geoffrey D. 1962-2018 Verfasser (DE-588)1262433231 aut Trinci, Anthony P. J. 1936-2020 Verfasser (DE-588)1262432995 aut Digitalisierung UB Augsburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032210625&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Augsburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032210625&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext |
| spellingShingle | Moore, David 1942- Robson, Geoffrey D. 1962-2018 Trinci, Anthony P. J. 1936-2020 21st century guidebook to fungi bicssc Mykologie (DE-588)4139655-8 gnd Pilze (DE-588)4046076-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4139655-8 (DE-588)4046076-9 |
| title | 21st century guidebook to fungi |
| title_alt | Twenty-first century guidebook to fungi |
| title_auth | 21st century guidebook to fungi |
| title_exact_search | 21st century guidebook to fungi |
| title_exact_search_txtP | 21st century guidebook to fungi |
| title_full | 21st century guidebook to fungi David Moore (University of Manchester), Geoffrey D. Robson (University of Manchester), Anthony P. J. Trinci (University of Manchester) |
| title_fullStr | 21st century guidebook to fungi David Moore (University of Manchester), Geoffrey D. Robson (University of Manchester), Anthony P. J. Trinci (University of Manchester) |
| title_full_unstemmed | 21st century guidebook to fungi David Moore (University of Manchester), Geoffrey D. Robson (University of Manchester), Anthony P. J. Trinci (University of Manchester) |
| title_short | 21st century guidebook to fungi |
| title_sort | 21st century guidebook to fungi |
| topic | bicssc Mykologie (DE-588)4139655-8 gnd Pilze (DE-588)4046076-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | bicssc Mykologie Pilze |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032210625&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032210625&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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