Verfügbarkeit: On Point II :: THWS Bibkatalog

On Point II: The United States Army in Operation Iraqi Freedom, May 2003 - January 2005 ; transition to the new campaign

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
Hauptverfasser:	Wright, Donald R. (VerfasserIn), Reese, Timothy R. (VerfasserIn)
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	English
Veröffentlicht:	Fort Leavenworth, KS Combat Studies Institute Press 2008
Schlagworte:	a United States b Army x History y 21st century United States > Army > History > 21st century Geschichte 2003-2005 Iraq War, 2003- - Campaigns Geschichte Iraq War, 2003- > Campaigns Golfkrieg > 2003 Armee USA United States > History, Military > 21st century
Online-Zugang:	Inhaltsverzeichnis
Beschreibung:	Includes bibliographical references and index
Beschreibung:	XVIII, 696 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.

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245	1	0	\|a On Point II \|b The United States Army in Operation Iraqi Freedom, May 2003 - January 2005 ; transition to the new campaign \|c Donald P. Wright, Timothy R. Reese
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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text	Contents Page Foreword ................................................................................................................................. iii Acknowledgments .................................................................................................................... v Introduction ..............................................................................................................................1 Prologue ...................................................................................................................................9 Part I. Setting the Stage Chapter 1. Overview of Operation IRAQI FREEDOM: May 2003 to January 2005 ..........25 A Decisive Month—May 2003...........................................................................25 Military Transitions in Spring 2003....................................................................27 An Uncertain Summer: June-September 2003...................................................29 Peaks and Valleys: October 2003-March 2004...................................................34 The Caldron Boils Over: April-June 2004.........................................................38 Transitions of Command and Sovereignty: June-July 2004 ..............................41 The Sunni Arab Challenge: August-November 2004 ........................................43 Toward the New Iraq: December 2004-January 2005 .......................................45 Chapter 2. The US Army s Historical Legacy of Military Operations Other Than War and the Planning for Operation IRAQI FREEDOM ...................49 Historical Antecedents ........................................................................................50 Recent Military Operations Other Than War, 1989-2000..................................55 Doctrine, Training, and Education ......................................................................59 Soldiering in Stability and Support Operations: The Legacy of 1991-2002......64 Planning for Stability and Support Operations in Operation IRAQI FREEDOM ......................................................................................65 The Planning for Phase IV — Operations after Toppling the Saddam Regime ...........................................................................................70 Assessing Phase IV Plans for Operation IRAQI FREEDOM ............................76 Conclusion ..........................................................................................................80 Chapter 3. The Rise of the Iraqi Insurgency and the US Army s Response .........................87 Prewar Assumptions about Postconflict Threats .................................................88 Origins of Iraqi Discontent .................................................................................89 De-Baathification and the Disbanding of the Iraqi Army ...................................92 The Emergence of the Iraqi Insurgency ..............................................................99 Major Insurgent Groups ....................................................................................105 Sunni Arabs ..................................................................................................105 Secular Ideologues: Baathists and Arab Nationalists ...................................106 Sunni Tribes .................................................................................................107 Religious Groups .........................................................................................108 Ultraradical Salafis and Wahhabis ...............................................................108 Shia Groups ..................................................................................................109 Al-Qaedaand Other Foreign Groups ...........................................................110 Insurgent Tactics ............................................................................................... Ill vii Contents Page The Coalition Response to the Iraqi Threat ......................................................113 American Perceptions of the Threat .................................................................114 Full Spectrum Operations and Counterinsurgency: The US Army s Evolving Response to the Iraqi Insurgency ...............................................116 Reorganizing for the New Campaign ..............................................................126 Conclusion .......................................................................................................129 Part II. Transition to a New Campaign Chapter 4. Leading the New Campaign: Transitions in Command and Control in Operation IRAQI FREEDOM ...................................................................139 Phase III to Phase IV of Operation IRAQI FREEDOM ..................................140 President George W. Bush, General Franks, and Mission Accomplished ... 143 From CENTCOM and CFLCC to V Corps and CJTF-? .................................144 Political-Military Relations I: The Short Reign of ORHA ..............................149 Political-Military Relations II: From ORHA to the СРА and the Iraqi Governing Council .....................................................................................153 The United States: An Occupying Power ........................................................156 V Corps Becomes CJTF-? ...............................................................................157 CJTF-7 and the Planning of the New Campaign .............................................161 CJTF-7 in Retrospect .......................................................................................164 Boots on the Ground in Iraq: The Coalition Military Command and the Issue of Troop Strength ..............................................................................165 From CJTF-? to MNF-I: Change under Adversity ..........................................171 III Corps Replaces V Corps .............................................................................173 The Creation of MNSTC-I ..............................................................................175 The Creation of MNF-I ....................................................................................176 Conclusion: The Struggle for Unity of Command and Effort .........................180 Chapter 5. Intelligence and High-Value Target Operations ................................................191 Intelligence and the Transition to Full Spectrum Operations ..........................192 The HUMINT Gap ..........................................................................................194 Tactical Intelligence: The Paradigm Shifts ......................................................196 The Muhalla 636 Operation .............................................................................201 The New Paradigm s Growing Pains ...............................................................203 Interrogation Operations ..................................................................................204 Interrogation Operations in the Abu Ghraib Prison .........................................206 Language and Culture ......................................................................................217 The Contributions of SIGINT and MINT ......................................................221 High-Value Target Operations .........................................................................224 Conclusion .......................................................................................................231 Chapter 6. Detainee Operations ........................................................................................241 US Army Detainee Operations in Iraq: Planning, Invasion, and the Transition to the New Campaign ...............................................................242 The Growing Detainee Challenge ...................................................................247 Vili Contents Page Detainee Operations at the Tactical Level .......................................................250 The Issue of Abuse in US Army Detainee Operations in Iraq .........................254 The Consolidation of Detainee Operations ......................................................260 Conclusion ........................................................................................................267 Chapter 7. Fighting the Battle of Ideas in Iraq ..................................................................273 Information Operations: Definitions and Doctrine ..........................................274 Information Operations before Operation IRAQI FREEDOM: The Balkans ......................................................................................................277 Information Operations in Support of Operation IRAQI FREEDOM: The Overall Effort ......................................................................................278 The Practice ofinformation Operations at the Tactical Level .........................282 Insurgent Information Operations ...................................................................287 Public Affairs and Operation IRAQI FREEDOM ...........................................289 Embedded Reporting .......................................................................................290 Preparing Embedded Reporters and the Army for Each Other .......................292 US Army Perspectives on the Embed Program ...............................................293 Criticisms of Embedding and the Embed Effect ..........................................295 The Challenges of Embedded Reporting in the New Campaign .....................295 Telling the Story Back Home .......................................................................298 ΡΑ /IO Tension in the New Campaign ..............................................................299 Working with Arab Media ...............................................................................304 Developing a Free Press in Iraq .......................................................................305 Conclusion .......................................................................................................306 Chapters. Combined Arms Operations in Iraq ...................................................................313 Counter-IED and Countermortar Operations ....................................................314 Major Combined Arms Operations ...................................................................317 Operation PENINSULA STRIKE: Cordon and Search in the Sunni Triangle, June 2003.....................................................................................318 The 1st Armored Division s Extension Campaign: April-May 2004...............322 TF Striker in Al Kut: 4-11 April 2004.........................................................325 Containing al-Sadr: TF Duke inAnNajaf, 13-22 April ..............................330 Operation IRON SABRE .............................................................................333 An Najaf, August 2004: The Elimination of the First Safe Haven ...................336 Operation BATON ROUGE: The Full Spectrum Engagement of Samarra ......337 ALFAJR: The Liberation of Fallujah ...............................................................344 Conclusion ........................................................................................................358 Part III. Toward the Objective: Building a New Iraq Chapter 9. The US Army and the Reconstruction of Iraq .................................................367 The Context for Reconstruction Operations: Coalition Goals and US Army Capabilities ......................................................................................369 Everyone Must Do Nation-Building : Broadening Reconstruction Operations ..................................................................................................374 ix Contents Page All Reconstruction is Local: The US Army Rebuilds Iraq ..............................378 A Success in Al Anbar: Rebuilding the State Company for Phosphate Plant ..........................................................................................383 Obstacles on the Path to a New Iraq ...............................................................385 Refocusing the Reconstruction Effort: July 2004-January 2005....................391 Conclusion .......................................................................................................393 Chapter 10. A Country United, Stable, and Free: US Army Governance Operations in Iraq ......................................................................................401 ANew Direction for Iraq ................................................................................402 Good Governance: Another New Mission ......................................................404 Growing Iraqi Grassroots: The US Army and Governance at the Local Level ..........................................................................................406 The US Army in Kirkuk: Governance on the Fault Lines of Iraqi Society .....416 The Interim Iraqi Government and 30 January 2005 Elections ......................418 Conclusion .......................................................................................................423 Chapter 11. Training the Iraqi Security Forces ....................................................................427 Saddam Hussein s Military Legacy ................................................................428 The Challenges of Post-Saddam Iraq ..............................................................429 Rebuilding Iraqi Ministries of Government ....................................................432 The New Iraqi Army is Born ...........................................................................433 CJTF-7 Creates the Iraqi Civil Defense Corps (ICDC) ...................................438 The Phase II Plan for the Iraqi Armed Forces .................................................441 ANew Iraqi Police Service .............................................................................442 Iraqi Border Security .......................................................................................445 The ISF at the Crossroads, January 2004........................................................446 Iraqi Forces Join the Fight ...............................................................................448 The Coalition Creates the Multi-National Security Transition Command-Iraq (MNSTC-I) ......................................................................450 NATO Training Implementation Mission-Iraq (NTIM-I) ..............................454 The Unit Advisory Effort Begins in Earnest ...................................................456 Creating the Institutions of the Iraqi Armed Forces (IAF) ..............................463 The ICDC Becomes the Iraqi National Guard ................................................465 CPATT Evolves to Meet the Enemy ................................................................467 Securing the Borders .......................................................................................470 Equipment and Facilities .................................................................................470 January 2005 Elections ...................................................................................473 Conclusion .......................................................................................................475 Part IV. Sustaining the Campaign Chapter 12. Logistics and Combat Service Support Operations ..........................................489 Iron Mountains ................................................................................................491 Distribution-Based Logistics ...........................................................................492 The CSS Structure for Operation IRAQI FREEDOM ....................................494 Contents Page Operation IRAQI FREEDOM: The War of Movement Transitions to Full Spectrum Operations ..........................................................................497 Command, Control, and Communications for CSS Operations .....................500 Transportation: Delivering the Goods in Iraq .................................................502 April 2004: A Transportation Turning Point ...................................................506 Survivability of Logistics Vehicles .................................................................509 Personal Body Armor ......................................................................................513 Field Services ..................................................................................................514 Maintenance ....................................................................................................515 Munitions Support ...........................................................................................518 Financial Management ....................................................................................519 Band Support ...................................................................................................522 Troop Rotations in Operation IRAQI FREEDOM ..........................................523 A Case Study in Logistical Agility: CSS Soldiers Turn 1st Armored Division Around ......................................................................................523 Conclusion .......................................................................................................525 Chapter 13. Taking Care of Soldiers ....................................................................................535 US Army Battlefield Medicine before Operation IRAQI FREEDOM ...........536 Moving Emergency Treatment Closer to the Front Lines in Operation IRAQI FREEDOM ....................................................................................538 Following the Wounded Soldier in Iraq ..........................................................539 Personal Protection, Body Armor, and Casualty Rates ...................................544 Final Honors for the Fallen: Mortuary Affairs in Operation IRAQI FREEDOM ................................................................................................546 US Army Wounded Warrior Program .............................................................549 Mental Health and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder ........................................549 Soldier Well-Being: Morale, Welfare, and Recreation (MWR) in Iraq ...........551 United Service Organizations ..........................................................................554 Leave and Redeployment Policy .....................................................................555 Conclusion .......................................................................................................557 Part V. Conclusion Chapter 14. Implications ......................................................................................................567 Unity of Effort and Unity of Command ..........................................................571 Phase III and Phase IV Operations ..................................................................572 Mission Requirements and Force Rotations ...................................................574 Doctrine and Training .....................................................................................576 Intelligence Operations ...................................................................................577 Detainee Operations ........................................................................................578 Training Indigenous Forces .............................................................................579 The M in DOTMLPF—Materiel .................................................................581 Command and Control ....................................................................................581 The Battle of Ideas ..........................................................................................582 Xl Contents Page Combat Service and Soldier Support ..............................................................583 Army Education ..............................................................................................585 Soldiers: The Army s Greatest Asset ...............................................................585 Conclusion .......................................................................................................586 Epilogue ................................................................................................................................589 Appendix A. Coalition Provisional Authority Order Number 1, De-Baathification of Iraqi Society ...........................................................593 Appendix B. Coalition Provisional Authority Order Number 2, Dissolution of Entities ......................................................................................................595 Appendix С Unit Areas of Responsibility, 2003-2004.......................................................601 Appendix D. Theater Structure, 2003-2005 ........................................................................603 Appendix E. Unit Areas of Responsibility, 2004-2005.......................................................605 Appendix F. US Army in Operation IRAQI FREEDOM Order of Battle: May 2003-January 2005 .............................................................................607 Appendix G. Chronology, Operation IRAQI FREEDOM Major Events, September 2001 to January 2005................................................................ 621 Glossary ...............................................................................................................................629 Bibliography .........................................................................................................................641 Index .....................................................................................................................................671 Figures 1. The first comprehensive study on OIF ...............................................................................1 2. Full spectrum operations, US Army doctrine, 2001 ...........................................................4 3. Map of Iraq .......................................................................................................................10 4. Vice President Richard Cheney talks with Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld .......13 5. Maneuver of V Corps, lstMEF, JSOTF- West, and JSOTF-North ..................................16 6. General scheme of maneuver of V Corps (Western Axis) and 1st MEF (Eastern Axis) toward Baghdad ......................................................................................................17 7. President George W. Bush and Ambassador L. Paul Bremer...........................................26 8. General Tommy Franks ....................................................................................................28 9. CFLCC initial battlespace for PH IV operations ..............................................................29 10. Lieutenant General Ricardo S. Sanchez, Commander, CJTF-7 ...............................30 11. CJTF^ patch ....................................................................................................................31 12. Major General David H. Petraeus, Commanding General, 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault) ......................................................................................................31 13. Major General Ray Odierno and Lieutenant Colonel Steve Russell on patrol in Tikrit .................................................................................................................................32 14. General John Abizaid, Commander, CENTCOM ............................................................32 15. Secretary Colin Powell with members of the Iraqi Governing Council after their meeting ..........................................................................................................................33 xii Contents Page 16. Long shot wide-angle view showing damage to the UN Headquarters building in Baghdad, Iraq, following a truck bombing that destroyed a portion of the building .......34 17. Muqtada al-Sadr, Shia cleric ............................................................................................34 18. Colonel Richard Dillon, USA, Head of USA Mortuary Affairs, and Colonel Dennis Ployer, USAF, Commander, 447th Air Expeditionary Group (AEG) secure a UN flag over the transfer case of UN Chief Ambassador to Iraq, Sergio Vieira de Mello, prior to a memorial service at the Baghdad International Airport .........35 19. Iraqi Governing Council members ...................................................................................37 20. US Ambassador John D. Negroponte shakes hands with Iraqi Prime Minister Dr. Ayad Allawi at an American Independence Day celebration where the Ambassador made a toast dedicating this July Fourth to the Iraqi people and to their independence ...........................................................................................................42 21. General George W. Casey Jr., Commander of MNF-I, walks with Polish Armed Forces Major General Andrzej Ekiert, Commander of MND-CS during a visit to Camp Babylon, Iraq ........................................................................................................43 22. Najim Chechen, formerly of Baghdad, Iraq, looks over the list of Iraqi candidates for the Transitional National Assembly before casting his absentee ballot at the New Carrollton, Maryland, voting station, 28 January 2005, just 2 days before Iraq s national election .................................................................................45 23. Soldiers and civilians intermingle in the Philippines ......................................................51 24. US Army stability and support operations, 1945-present ...............................................52 25. Evolution of the CFLCC OPLAN ...................................................................................69 26. CENTCOM/CFLCC phasing for PH IV .........................................................................73 27. CFLCC/ECLIPSE II assumptions of PH IV flash points and threats to Coalition forces ...............................................................................................................74 28. CFLCC PH IV, troop-to-task analysis, minimum units required ....................................75 29. Violent incidents in Iraq, June 2003-January 2005 ......................................................101 30. Iraqi insurgency, 2004 ...................................................................................................103 31. Wanted poster for Abu Musab al-Zarqawi ....................................................................103 32. Aftermath of IED explosion ...........................................................................................112 33. CJTF-7 lines of operation ...............................................................................................119 34. 1st Cavalry Division lines of operation and end state ...................................................124 35. Combined Joint Task Forced Staff Structure ...............................................................158 36. Troop Strength ...............................................................................................................169 37. MNF-I Commander Lieutenant General Ricardo Sanchez, Chief of Staff Iraqi Armed Forces General Amer Bakr Hashemi, and MNC-I Lieutenant General Thomas Metz salute the new flags for the MNC-I ........................................................177 38. Multi-National Force-Iraq staff organization, January 2005 ........................................179 39. 205th MI Brigade task organization, August 2003........................................................194 40. Staff Sergeant Camron Cook, 2d BCT, and a translator seek information from local Iraqis about a rocket launcher discovered in a Baghdad neighborhood ...............200 41. US Army Lieutenant General Ricardo Sanchez, Commander, CJTF-7, and US Deputy Defense Secretary Paul Wolfowitz listen to a reporter s question during a press conference following the attack on the al Rasheed Hotel ......................201 xiii Contents Page 42. MI Hold population at Abu Ghraib Prison ....................................................................208 43. Interpreter with 308th Civil Affairs Brigade converses in Arabic with local townspeople about their various concerns .....................................................................217 44. Sergeant James Knoeller and Sergeant Meghan Kelly, Bravo Company, 325th MI Battalion, elicit information in Tikrit, Iraq ....................................................219 45. A Shadow 200 unmanned aerial vehicle lands at FOB Warhorse, Baqubah, Iraq ........222 46. Sample from deck of Iraqi regime leadership playing cards .........................................225 47. Major General Odierno, commander of the 4th ID, discusses Operation RED DAWN and the subsequent capture of Saddam ............................................................227 48. Farmhouse on compound where Saddam Hussein was captured in December 2003 ... 229 49. Saddam s hiding place ...................................................................................................230 50. A member of the 4th ID s 1st BCT lifts a Styrofoam lid covering the hole where former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein was discovered hiding in the village of AdDawr .........................................................................................................................230 51. Colonel Hickey, Commander, 1st BCT, 4th ID, with staff after capture of Saddam Hussein .............................................................................................................231 52. Sergeant John-Paul Kilanski, 822d MP Company, does his best to deal with Iraqi civilians outside the Reserve-run EPW internment facility near Umm Qasar, Iraq ......243 53. A Soldier from the 101st Pathfinder Company, 101st Airborne Division, escorts detainees to a CH-47 Chinook helicopter in southwestern Iraq ....................................250 54. 2d Armored Cavalry Regiment detainee flow chart ......................................................252 55. SBCT transfer facility ....................................................................................................253 56. The mother of an Iraqi man taken into custody during an operation in An Najaf, Iraq, pleads with officer to release her son ....................................................................261 57. Soldiers from the 391st MP BN, Sergeant First Class Curtis A. Austin and Major Jim B. Wescott, watch as a former inmate, recently released from Abu Ghraib Prison, prepares to sign his freedom papers ..................................................................264 58. Just released from the Baghdad Central Confinement Facility (Abu Ghraib Prison), Iraqis board vehicles for Fallujah and Ramadi ................................................266 59. Sergeant Jason McGinn, 361st PSYOP Company, listens as a local man discusses his concerns in Al Fallujah, Iraq, in May 2003 .............................................................275 60. Examples of leaflets used by Coalition forces in Iraq ...................................................283 61. Sergeant First Class Dain Christensen, 9th PSYOP Battalion, places antiterrorists flyers over graffiti in Mosul, Iraq, as a fellow service member holds materials ............284 62. An Iraqi man reads signs posted by Soldiers with the 321st PSYOP Company, attached to the 3d ID in Fallujah, Iraq ...........................................................................285 63. Summary of IO initiatives made by 101st Airborne Division in MND-North, May 2003-February 2004 .............................................................................................286 64. Sergeant Bill Whittaker, 361st PSYOP Battalion, 24th Infantry Regiment, 1st Brigade, 25th Infantry Division (SBCT), hands out literature and shakes hands in Mosul ...............................................................................................................287 65. Katherine M. Skiba from the Milwaukee Sentinel Journal, in a UH-60 Blackhawk helicopter, was embedded with the 101st Airborne Division s aviation brigade during OIF ......................................................................... ...............291 XIV Contents Page 66. Sample of journalists embedded with Coalition units as of 31 January 2005...............296 67. STRATCOM goals, priorities, and means .....................................................................300 68. STRATCOM organization as of 1 June 2005................................................................301 69. STRATCOM functional lay down, 21 November 2004................................................302 70. A Buffalo vehicle belonging to the Army Reserve s 467th Engineer Battalion uses its hydraulic arm to probe a trash pile thought to contain an IED .........................315 71. Operation PENINSULA STRIKE .................................................................................320 72. Staging 2d BCT, 1st AD to strike Al Kut, 7 April 2004................................................326 73. TF Striker, task organization, 8 April 2004...................................................................327 74. Envelopment by Team Dealer, 8 April 2004 .................................................................328 75. Task organization, 9-11 April 2004...............................................................................329 76. CJTF-7 operational maneuver, 4-15 April 2004...........................................................335 77. Operation BATON ROUGE, Phase III, H-hour to 011700C ........................................340 78. Phase IV, 030800C-032300COCT04 ............................................................................344 79. Planning Operation AL FAJR ........................................................................................345 80. Phase I, Shaping ............................................................................................................348 81. Phase II, Enhanced shaping ...........................................................................................349 82. Task organization, AL FAJR ..........................................................................................350 83. Phase IIIA .......................................................................................................................352 84. Task organization, TF 2-2..............................................................................................353 85. Task organization, TF 2-7..............................................................................................354 86. RCT-l/TF 2-7, 8-Ю November 2004 ...........................................................................356 87. US Army Soldiers from the 2d Battalion, 7th Cavalry Regiment move along a wall as they clear buildings around their main objective in Fallujah, Iraq ...................357 88. US Army Corps of Engineers Soldiers and civilians focused on large-scale infrastructure projects such as the electrical grid near the city of Bayji, Iraq ...............368 89. Iraqi subcontractors lay concrete tiles at a school play yard renovation project outside of Irbil, Iraq .......................................................................................................370 90. US Army Engineers work through the night in Iraq, October 2003...............................372 91. Major Lawendowski, Alaskan National Guard, assembles a swing set for Iraqi children living in an impoverished neighborhood in Al Hillah, Iraq ............................374 92. An Iraqi laborer finishes the concrete footings for an Iraqi Army barracks complex at a new Iraqi Army base near Kirkuk, Iraq ...................................................378 93. Private First Class Denegro, Charlie Battery, 1st Battalion, 9th Field Artillery Regiment, 3d Infantry Division, unloads medical supplies at a clinic in Kandari, Iraq, 3 July 2003 ............................................................................................................380 94. Specialist Andy Weekley, 86th Dive Team, 1st CAV, resurfaces from the Tigris River after cleaning out intake valves at a water treatment plant .................................381 95. Iraqi laborers clean the turbine housing of a power generator plant in Bayji, Iraq .......382 96. Contractor Janene Van Deroef and Captain Rodrick Pittman of the 40th Engineering Battalion make a site inspection at the Baghdad South power plant ........383 97. An Iraqi electrical worker repairs damaged power lines outside the northern city of Kirkuk, Iraq ...............................................................................................................388 98. Status of CERP Projects and Funding (through 11 September 2004)...........................393 XV Contents Page 99. 3d ACR commander s official endorsement of provincial governor, 2003...................407 100. AI Anbar province interim provisional council structure developed by Soldiers of 3d ACR, 2003 ..........................................................................................................408 101. Al Anbar province meeting announcement .................................................................409 102. Captain Stephen Thomas, Commander, Company A, 1st Battalion, 327th Infantry Regiment, 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault), speaks with the town mayor in al-Lazakah, Iraq, about service his unit can provide in rebuilding the town ......................................................................................................414 103. An Iraqi security force soldier leads Iraqi citizens into a voting area during elections in Rawah, Iraq ..............................................................................................420 104. An Iraqi soldier places his completed ballot into the ballot box after voting along with other Iraqi security forces in Hayji, Iraq ....................................................420 105. Iraqi men proudly show their inked-stained fingers after voting in Hayji, Iraq ..........421 106. Iraqi woman voter ........................................................................................................421 107. Members of the 203d Iraqi National Guard Battalion stand at attention, 3 September 2004, at Forward Operating Base Paliwoda, Iraq ...................................431 108. As the sun rises over the desert, a Soldier guards the Kirkush Military Training Base in Iraq ..................................................................................................................434 109. Seven hundred five recruits from the new Iraqi Army s 2d Battalion conduct a pass and review at a graduation ceremony 6 January 2004, in Baghdad, Iraq ............436 110. A platoon of the newly-formed Joint Iraqi Security Company marches to class ........437 111. Female members of the Iraqi Civil Defense Corps learn proper drill techniques from a member of the US Army 1st Battalion, 5th Infantry Regiment, 1st Cavalry Division, at Camp Bonzai Forward Operating Base in Baghdad, 28 April 2004...............................................................................................................439 112. Two new Iraqi civil defense recruits practice clearing a building alongside Staff Sergeant John Piekert, 82d Airborne Division, during the Iraqi Civil Defense Course (ICDC) .............................................................................................................440 113. Iraqi Police Lieutenant Narseed was one of the first female officers ..........................442 114. Iraqi policemen fall into formation to begin a full day s worth of combat techniques and weapon handling .................................................................................443 115. Principles of ICDC .......................................................................................................451 116. MNSTC-I staff .............................................................................................................452 117. Iraqi Armed Forces Oath ..............................................................................................455 118. Brigade advisor support team organization, 2004........................................................458 119. Battalion advisor support team organization, 2004......................................................459 120. Iraqi National Guardsmen patrol alongside their Coalition counterparts in the village of Albu Hassan, 16 July 2004..........................................................................465 121. Program of Instruction (POI), Initial Training Course, Iraqi Security Forces, Diyala Regional Training Facility, 2004......................................................................466 122. Location of Iraqi Army units, 2005 .............................................................................474 123. A (UH-60) Blackhawk with a sling load of food and water packed by Soldiers of the 101 st Airborne Division (Air Assault) for the Jump Assault Command Post (JCP) in Mosul, Iraq ....................................................................................................490 xvi Contents Page 124. A Soldier, 2d ACR, makes emergency repairs to his HMMWV during a civil affairs mission in Baghdad, Iraq ..................................................................................498 125. Soldiers of the 63 d Chemical Company, 101st Airborne Division, perform an inventory and maintenance check on all their assigned equipment to ensure it is kept battle ready in Mosul, Iraq ...................................................................................499 126. Sergeant Ariel King, from the Stryker Brigade Combat Team, 25th Infantry Division, welds a new antenna brace for a tactical vehicle in the brigade s Forward Maintenance Company shop at FOB Marez, Iraq .........................................500 127. HEMMT gun truck Battleship ......................................................................................503 128. HEMMT PLS gun truck ...............................................................................................503 129. M915 gun track ............................................................................................................504 130. HMMWV M998 gun truck with level 2 ring mount 7..................................................505 131. Heavy metal rear of the M923 gun track 518 GT ........................................................505 132. A welder works on a new Modified Protection for an unarmored HMMWV kit in Iraq ...........................................................................................................................510 133. An Iraqi laborer grinds a plate on a metal support structure at a military training base in eastern Iraq ......................................................................................................515 134. Medical care and casualty definitions and formulas ....................................................536 135. Wounded Soldier evacuated .........................................................................................537 136. Members of the 447th Contingency Aeromedicai Staging Facility prepare a C-141 cargo aircraft for patient transport, Camp Sather, Baghdad International Airport, Baghdad, Iraq .................................................................................................538 137. Six phases of medical care and five levels of medical assets ......................................539 138. Pararescuemen from the 301st Expeditionary Combat Search and Rescue Squadron, Baghdad Air Base, Iraq, along with a UN paramedic and flight surgeon Major Nathaniel Russell, carry a patient from a UH-60 Pavehawk Helicopter to a waiting ambulance at Baghdad Air Base after the bombing of the UN headquarters in Baghdad .............................................................................543 139. Medics from 210th FSB and 303d ING Battalion carry wounded Iraqi soldiers to a helicopter .................................................................................................543 140. US Army Casualties, May 2003-January 2005...........................................................545 141. OIF Army deaths by race/ethnicity, 19 March 2003-6 January 2007 .........................547 142. Soldiers of a US Army disaster response mortuary affairs team bring supplies to aid the recovery process after a truck bombing at the UN headquarters building in Baghdad, Iraq ...........................................................................................................548 143. Total number of decorations awarded, March 2003-January 2005.............................551 144. Specialist Julio Miranda and Private First Class Eleny Guerrero unload a few of the thousands of pounds of turkey that have been shipped to troops in Iraq and Kuwait .............................................................................................552 145. 101st Airborne Division s programs in support of Soldier morale ..............................553 146. Actor Robin Williams is surrounded by Soldiers during a holiday stop at Baghdad International Airport, Iraq .............................................................................555 147. A US Army Soldier gets a handshake and an autograph from Stone Cold Steve Austin, World Wrestling Entertainment, at CPA Headquarters in Baghdad, Iraq .......555 xvii Contents Page Call Out Boxes Beyond the Call of Duty, Sergeant First Class Paul R. Smith and the Medal of Honor ........18 The Harsh Realities of Full Spectrum Operations, The 2-5 CAV in Sadr City, 4 April 2004 ....................................................................................................................40 Courage and Commitment in the New Campaign, 2-5 Artillery in AI Anbar Province ......128 New Roles for the New Campaign, Female Search Teams in OIF ......................................202 The Death of One Iraqi Interpreter ......................................................................................218 Eyes in the Sky ..................................................................................................................223 Ghost Riders — Stryker Vehicles in Iraq ...............................................................................332 The Tank in the Concrete Jungle ..........................................................................................334 The Distinguished Service Cross for Extraordinary Heroism in Action, Army NCOs in Fallujah ............................................................................................................347 Reconstructing Iraq s Medical Knowledge ..........................................................................376 Restoring the Lives of the Marsh Arabs ..............................................................................384 Improvising Democracy: The 3d Battalion, 67th Armor in the City of Khalis ...................412 Distinguished Service Cross, An American Advisor and His Iraqi Unit in Combat ............468 A Whole Different Attitude, The Transportation Corps in Full Spectrum Operations ........507 M998 Force Protection Modification .....................................................................................511 A Doctor Volunteers for the Campaign ................................................................................542 xviu
adam_txt	Contents Page Foreword . iii Acknowledgments . v Introduction .1 Prologue .9 Part I. Setting the Stage Chapter 1. Overview of Operation IRAQI FREEDOM: May 2003 to January 2005 .25 A Decisive Month—May 2003.25 Military Transitions in Spring 2003.27 An Uncertain Summer: June-September 2003.29 Peaks and Valleys: October 2003-March 2004.34 The Caldron Boils Over: April-June 2004.38 Transitions of Command and Sovereignty: June-July 2004 .41 The Sunni Arab Challenge: August-November 2004 .43 Toward the New Iraq: December 2004-January 2005 .45 Chapter 2. The US Army's Historical Legacy of Military Operations Other Than War and the Planning for Operation IRAQI FREEDOM .49 Historical Antecedents .50 Recent Military Operations Other Than War, 1989-2000.55 Doctrine, Training, and Education .59 Soldiering in Stability and Support Operations: The Legacy of 1991-2002.64 Planning for Stability and Support Operations in Operation IRAQI FREEDOM .65 The Planning for Phase IV — Operations after Toppling the Saddam Regime .70 Assessing Phase IV Plans for Operation IRAQI FREEDOM .76 Conclusion .80 Chapter 3. The Rise of the Iraqi Insurgency and the US Army's Response .87 Prewar Assumptions about Postconflict Threats .88 Origins of Iraqi Discontent .89 De-Baathification and the Disbanding of the Iraqi Army .92 The Emergence of the Iraqi Insurgency .99 Major Insurgent Groups .105 Sunni Arabs .105 Secular Ideologues: Baathists and Arab Nationalists .106 Sunni Tribes .107 Religious Groups .108 Ultraradical Salafis and Wahhabis .108 Shia Groups .109 Al-Qaedaand Other Foreign Groups .110 Insurgent Tactics . Ill vii Contents Page The Coalition Response to the Iraqi Threat .113 American Perceptions of the Threat .114 Full Spectrum Operations and Counterinsurgency: The US Army's Evolving Response to the Iraqi Insurgency .116 Reorganizing for the New Campaign .126 Conclusion .129 Part II. Transition to a New Campaign Chapter 4. Leading the New Campaign: Transitions in Command and Control in Operation IRAQI FREEDOM .139 Phase III to Phase IV of Operation IRAQI FREEDOM .140 President George W. Bush, General Franks, and "Mission Accomplished" . 143 From CENTCOM and CFLCC to V Corps and CJTF-? .144 Political-Military Relations I: The Short Reign of ORHA .149 Political-Military Relations II: From ORHA to the СРА and the Iraqi Governing Council .153 The United States: An Occupying Power .156 V Corps Becomes CJTF-? .157 CJTF-7 and the Planning of the New Campaign .161 CJTF-7 in Retrospect .164 Boots on the Ground in Iraq: The Coalition Military Command and the Issue of Troop Strength .165 From CJTF-? to MNF-I: Change under Adversity .171 III Corps Replaces V Corps .173 The Creation of MNSTC-I .175 The Creation of MNF-I .176 Conclusion: The Struggle for Unity of Command and Effort .180 Chapter 5. Intelligence and High-Value Target Operations .191 Intelligence and the Transition to Full Spectrum Operations .192 The HUMINT Gap .194 Tactical Intelligence: The Paradigm Shifts .196 The Muhalla 636 Operation .201 The New Paradigm's Growing Pains .203 Interrogation Operations .204 Interrogation Operations in the Abu Ghraib Prison .206 Language and Culture .217 The Contributions of SIGINT and MINT .221 High-Value Target Operations .224 Conclusion .231 Chapter 6. Detainee Operations .241 US Army Detainee Operations in Iraq: Planning, Invasion, and the Transition to the New Campaign .242 The Growing Detainee Challenge .247 Vili Contents Page Detainee Operations at the Tactical Level .250 The Issue of Abuse in US Army Detainee Operations in Iraq .254 The Consolidation of Detainee Operations .260 Conclusion .267 Chapter 7. Fighting the Battle of Ideas in Iraq .273 Information Operations: Definitions and Doctrine .274 Information Operations before Operation IRAQI FREEDOM: The Balkans .277 Information Operations in Support of Operation IRAQI FREEDOM: The Overall Effort .278 The Practice ofinformation Operations at the Tactical Level .282 Insurgent Information Operations .287 Public Affairs and Operation IRAQI FREEDOM .289 Embedded Reporting .290 Preparing Embedded Reporters and the Army for Each Other .292 US Army Perspectives on the Embed Program .293 Criticisms of Embedding and the "Embed Effect" .295 The Challenges of Embedded Reporting in the New Campaign .295 Telling the Story "Back Home" .298 ΡΑ /IO Tension in the New Campaign .299 Working with Arab Media .304 Developing a Free Press in Iraq .305 Conclusion .306 Chapters. Combined Arms Operations in Iraq .313 Counter-IED and Countermortar Operations .314 Major Combined Arms Operations .317 Operation PENINSULA STRIKE: Cordon and Search in the Sunni Triangle, June 2003.318 The 1st Armored Division's Extension Campaign: April-May 2004.322 TF Striker in Al Kut: 4-11 April 2004.325 Containing al-Sadr: TF Duke inAnNajaf, 13-22 April .330 Operation IRON SABRE .333 An Najaf, August 2004: The Elimination of the First Safe Haven .336 Operation BATON ROUGE: The Full Spectrum Engagement of Samarra .337 ALFAJR: The Liberation of Fallujah .344 Conclusion .358 Part III. Toward the Objective: Building a New Iraq Chapter 9. The US Army and the Reconstruction of Iraq .367 The Context for Reconstruction Operations: Coalition Goals and US Army Capabilities .369 "Everyone Must Do Nation-Building": Broadening Reconstruction Operations .374 ix Contents Page All Reconstruction is Local: The US Army Rebuilds Iraq .378 A Success in Al Anbar: Rebuilding the State Company for Phosphate Plant .383 Obstacles on the Path to a New Iraq .385 Refocusing the Reconstruction Effort: July 2004-January 2005.391 Conclusion .393 Chapter 10. A Country United, Stable, and Free: US Army Governance Operations in Iraq .401 ANew Direction for Iraq .402 Good Governance: Another New Mission .404 Growing Iraqi Grassroots: The US Army and Governance at the Local Level .406 The US Army in Kirkuk: Governance on the Fault Lines of Iraqi Society .416 The Interim Iraqi Government and 30 January 2005 Elections .418 Conclusion .423 Chapter 11. Training the Iraqi Security Forces .427 Saddam Hussein's Military Legacy .428 The Challenges of Post-Saddam Iraq .429 Rebuilding Iraqi Ministries of Government .432 The New Iraqi Army is Born .433 CJTF-7 Creates the Iraqi Civil Defense Corps (ICDC) .438 The Phase II Plan for the Iraqi Armed Forces .441 ANew Iraqi Police Service .442 Iraqi Border Security .445 The ISF at the Crossroads, January 2004.446 Iraqi Forces Join the Fight .448 The Coalition Creates the Multi-National Security Transition Command-Iraq (MNSTC-I) .450 NATO Training Implementation Mission-Iraq (NTIM-I) .454 The Unit Advisory Effort Begins in Earnest .456 Creating the Institutions of the Iraqi Armed Forces (IAF) .463 The ICDC Becomes the Iraqi National Guard .465 CPATT Evolves to Meet the Enemy .467 Securing the Borders .470 Equipment and Facilities .470 January 2005 Elections .473 Conclusion .475 Part IV. Sustaining the Campaign Chapter 12. Logistics and Combat Service Support Operations .489 Iron Mountains .491 Distribution-Based Logistics .492 The CSS Structure for Operation IRAQI FREEDOM .494 Contents Page Operation IRAQI FREEDOM: The War of Movement Transitions to Full Spectrum Operations .497 Command, Control, and Communications for CSS Operations .500 Transportation: Delivering the Goods in Iraq .502 April 2004: A Transportation Turning Point .506 Survivability of Logistics Vehicles .509 Personal Body Armor .513 Field Services .514 Maintenance .515 Munitions Support .518 Financial Management .519 Band Support .522 Troop Rotations in Operation IRAQI FREEDOM .523 A Case Study in Logistical Agility: CSS Soldiers Turn 1st Armored Division Around .523 Conclusion .525 Chapter 13. Taking Care of Soldiers .535 US Army Battlefield Medicine before Operation IRAQI FREEDOM .536 Moving Emergency Treatment Closer to the Front Lines in Operation IRAQI FREEDOM .538 Following the Wounded Soldier in Iraq .539 Personal Protection, Body Armor, and Casualty Rates .544 Final Honors for the Fallen: Mortuary Affairs in Operation IRAQI FREEDOM .546 US Army Wounded Warrior Program .549 Mental Health and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder .549 Soldier Well-Being: Morale, Welfare, and Recreation (MWR) in Iraq .551 United Service Organizations .554 Leave and Redeployment Policy .555 Conclusion .557 Part V. Conclusion Chapter 14. Implications .567 Unity of Effort and Unity of Command .571 Phase III and Phase IV Operations .572 Mission Requirements and Force Rotations .574 Doctrine and Training .576 Intelligence Operations .577 Detainee Operations .578 Training Indigenous Forces .579 The "M" in DOTMLPF—Materiel .581 Command and Control .581 The Battle of Ideas .582 Xl Contents Page Combat Service and Soldier Support .583 Army Education .585 Soldiers: The Army's Greatest Asset .585 Conclusion .586 Epilogue .589 Appendix A. Coalition Provisional Authority Order Number 1, De-Baathification of Iraqi Society .593 Appendix B. Coalition Provisional Authority Order Number 2, Dissolution of Entities .595 Appendix С Unit Areas of Responsibility, 2003-2004.601 Appendix D. Theater Structure, 2003-2005 .603 Appendix E. Unit Areas of Responsibility, 2004-2005.605 Appendix F. US Army in Operation IRAQI FREEDOM Order of Battle: May 2003-January 2005 .607 Appendix G. Chronology, Operation IRAQI FREEDOM Major Events, September 2001 to January 2005. 621 Glossary .629 Bibliography .641 Index .671 Figures 1. The first comprehensive study on OIF .1 2. Full spectrum operations, US Army doctrine, 2001 .4 3. Map of Iraq .10 4. Vice President Richard Cheney talks with Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld .13 5. Maneuver of V Corps, lstMEF, JSOTF- West, and JSOTF-North .16 6. General scheme of maneuver of V Corps (Western Axis) and 1st MEF (Eastern Axis) toward Baghdad .17 7. President George W. Bush and Ambassador L. Paul Bremer.26 8. General Tommy Franks .28 9. CFLCC initial battlespace for PH IV operations .29 10. Lieutenant General Ricardo S. Sanchez, Commander, CJTF-7 .30 11. CJTF^ patch .31 12. Major General David H. Petraeus, Commanding General, 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault) .31 13. Major General Ray Odierno and Lieutenant Colonel Steve Russell on patrol in Tikrit .32 14. General John Abizaid, Commander, CENTCOM .32 15. Secretary Colin Powell with members of the Iraqi Governing Council after their meeting .33 xii Contents Page 16. Long shot wide-angle view showing damage to the UN Headquarters building in Baghdad, Iraq, following a truck bombing that destroyed a portion of the building .34 17. Muqtada al-Sadr, Shia cleric .34 18. Colonel Richard Dillon, USA, Head of USA Mortuary Affairs, and Colonel Dennis Ployer, USAF, Commander, 447th Air Expeditionary Group (AEG) secure a UN flag over the transfer case of UN Chief Ambassador to Iraq, Sergio Vieira de Mello, prior to a memorial service at the Baghdad International Airport .35 19. Iraqi Governing Council members .37 20. US Ambassador John D. Negroponte shakes hands with Iraqi Prime Minister Dr. Ayad Allawi at an American Independence Day celebration where the Ambassador made a toast dedicating this July Fourth to the Iraqi people and to their independence .42 21. General George W. Casey Jr., Commander of MNF-I, walks with Polish Armed Forces Major General Andrzej Ekiert, Commander of MND-CS during a visit to Camp Babylon, Iraq .43 22. Najim Chechen, formerly of Baghdad, Iraq, looks over the list of Iraqi candidates for the Transitional National Assembly before casting his absentee ballot at the New Carrollton, Maryland, voting station, 28 January 2005, just 2 days before Iraq's national election .45 23. Soldiers and civilians intermingle in the Philippines .51 24. US Army stability and support operations, 1945-present .52 25.' Evolution of the CFLCC OPLAN .69 26. CENTCOM/CFLCC phasing for PH IV .73 27. CFLCC/ECLIPSE II assumptions of PH IV flash points and threats to Coalition forces .74 28. CFLCC PH IV, troop-to-task analysis, minimum units required .75 29. Violent incidents in Iraq, June 2003-January 2005 .101 30. Iraqi insurgency, 2004 .103 31. Wanted poster for Abu Musab al-Zarqawi .103 32. Aftermath of IED explosion .112 33. CJTF-7 lines of operation .119 34. 1st Cavalry Division lines of operation and end state .124 35. Combined Joint Task Forced Staff Structure .158 36. Troop Strength .169 37. MNF-I Commander Lieutenant General Ricardo Sanchez, Chief of Staff Iraqi Armed Forces General Amer Bakr Hashemi, and MNC-I Lieutenant General Thomas Metz salute the new flags for the MNC-I .177 38. Multi-National Force-Iraq staff organization, January 2005 .179 39. 205th MI Brigade task organization, August 2003.194 40. Staff Sergeant Camron Cook, 2d BCT, and a translator seek information from local Iraqis about a rocket launcher discovered in a Baghdad neighborhood .200 41. US Army Lieutenant General Ricardo Sanchez, Commander, CJTF-7, and US Deputy Defense Secretary Paul Wolfowitz listen to a reporter's question during a press conference following the attack on the al Rasheed Hotel .201 xiii Contents Page 42. MI Hold population at Abu Ghraib Prison .208 43. Interpreter with 308th Civil Affairs Brigade converses in Arabic with local townspeople about their various concerns .217 44. Sergeant James Knoeller and Sergeant Meghan Kelly, Bravo Company, 325th MI Battalion, elicit information in Tikrit, Iraq .219 45. A Shadow 200 unmanned aerial vehicle lands at FOB Warhorse, Baqubah, Iraq .222 46. Sample from deck of Iraqi regime leadership playing cards .225 47. Major General Odierno, commander of the 4th ID, discusses Operation RED DAWN and the subsequent capture of Saddam .227 48. Farmhouse on compound where Saddam Hussein was captured in December 2003 . 229 49. Saddam's hiding place .230 50. A member of the 4th ID's 1st BCT lifts a Styrofoam lid covering the hole where former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein was discovered hiding in the village of AdDawr .230 51. Colonel Hickey, Commander, 1st BCT, 4th ID, with staff after capture of Saddam Hussein .231 52. Sergeant John-Paul Kilanski, 822d MP Company, does his best to deal with Iraqi civilians outside the Reserve-run EPW internment facility near Umm Qasar, Iraq .243 53. A Soldier from the 101st Pathfinder Company, 101st Airborne Division, escorts detainees to a CH-47 Chinook helicopter in southwestern Iraq .250 54. 2d Armored Cavalry Regiment detainee flow chart .252 55. SBCT transfer facility .253 56. The mother of an Iraqi man taken into custody during an operation in An Najaf, Iraq, pleads with officer to release her son .261 57. Soldiers from the 391st MP BN, Sergeant First Class Curtis A. Austin and Major Jim B. Wescott, watch as a former inmate, recently released from Abu Ghraib Prison, prepares to sign his freedom papers .264 58. Just released from the Baghdad Central Confinement Facility (Abu Ghraib Prison), Iraqis board vehicles for Fallujah and Ramadi .266 59. Sergeant Jason McGinn, 361st PSYOP Company, listens as a local man discusses his concerns in Al Fallujah, Iraq, in May 2003 .275 60. Examples of leaflets used by Coalition forces in Iraq .283 61. Sergeant First Class Dain Christensen, 9th PSYOP Battalion, places antiterrorists flyers over graffiti in Mosul, Iraq, as a fellow service member holds materials .284 62. An Iraqi man reads signs posted by Soldiers with the 321st PSYOP Company, attached to the 3d ID in Fallujah, Iraq .285 63. Summary of IO initiatives made by 101st Airborne Division in MND-North, May 2003-February 2004 .286 64. Sergeant Bill Whittaker, 361st PSYOP Battalion, 24th Infantry Regiment, 1st Brigade, 25th Infantry Division (SBCT), hands out literature and shakes hands in Mosul .287 65. Katherine M. Skiba from the Milwaukee Sentinel Journal, in a UH-60 Blackhawk helicopter, was embedded with the 101st Airborne Division's aviation brigade during OIF . .291 XIV Contents Page 66. Sample of journalists embedded with Coalition units as of 31 January 2005.296 67. STRATCOM goals, priorities, and means .300 68. STRATCOM organization as of 1 June 2005.301 69. STRATCOM functional lay down, 21 November 2004.302 70. A Buffalo vehicle belonging to the Army Reserve's 467th Engineer Battalion uses its hydraulic arm to probe a trash pile thought to contain an IED .315 71. Operation PENINSULA STRIKE .320 72. Staging 2d BCT, 1st AD to strike Al Kut, 7 April 2004.326 73. TF Striker, task organization, 8 April 2004.327 74. Envelopment by Team Dealer, 8 April 2004 .328 75. Task organization, 9-11 April 2004.329 76. CJTF-7 operational maneuver, 4-15 April 2004.335 77. Operation BATON ROUGE, Phase III, H-hour to 011700C .340 78. Phase IV, 030800C-032300COCT04 .344 79. Planning Operation AL FAJR .345 80. Phase I, Shaping .348 81. Phase II, Enhanced shaping .349 82. Task organization, AL FAJR .350 83. Phase IIIA .352 84. Task organization, TF 2-2.353 85. Task organization, TF 2-7.354 86. RCT-l/TF 2-7, 8-Ю November 2004 .356 87. US Army Soldiers from the 2d Battalion, 7th Cavalry Regiment move along a wall as they clear buildings around their main objective in Fallujah, Iraq .357 88. US Army Corps of Engineers Soldiers and civilians focused on large-scale infrastructure projects such as the electrical grid near the city of Bayji, Iraq .368 89. Iraqi subcontractors lay concrete tiles at a school play yard renovation project outside of Irbil, Iraq .370 90. US Army Engineers work through the night in Iraq, October 2003.372 91. Major Lawendowski, Alaskan National Guard, assembles a swing set for Iraqi children living in an impoverished neighborhood in Al Hillah, Iraq .374 92. An Iraqi laborer finishes the concrete footings for an Iraqi Army barracks complex at a new Iraqi Army base near Kirkuk, Iraq .378 93. Private First Class Denegro, Charlie Battery, 1st Battalion, 9th Field Artillery Regiment, 3d Infantry Division, unloads medical supplies at a clinic in Kandari, Iraq, 3 July 2003 .380 94. Specialist Andy Weekley, 86th Dive Team, 1st CAV, resurfaces from the Tigris River after cleaning out intake valves at a water treatment plant .381 95. Iraqi laborers clean the turbine housing of a power generator plant in Bayji, Iraq .382 96. Contractor Janene Van Deroef and Captain Rodrick Pittman of the 40th Engineering Battalion make a site inspection at the Baghdad South power plant .383 97. An Iraqi electrical worker repairs damaged power lines outside the northern city of Kirkuk, Iraq .388 98. Status of CERP Projects and Funding (through 11 September 2004).393 XV Contents Page 99. 3d ACR commander's official endorsement of provincial governor, 2003.407 100. AI Anbar province interim provisional council structure developed by Soldiers of 3d ACR, 2003 .408 101. Al Anbar province meeting announcement .409 102. Captain Stephen Thomas, Commander, Company A, 1st Battalion, 327th Infantry Regiment, 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault), speaks with the town mayor in al-Lazakah, Iraq, about service his unit can provide in rebuilding the town .414 103. An Iraqi security force soldier leads Iraqi citizens into a voting area during elections in Rawah, Iraq .420 104. An Iraqi soldier places his completed ballot into the ballot box after voting along with other Iraqi security forces in Hayji, Iraq .420 105. Iraqi men proudly show their inked-stained fingers after voting in Hayji, Iraq .421 106. Iraqi woman voter .421 107. Members of the 203d Iraqi National Guard Battalion stand at attention, 3 September 2004, at Forward Operating Base Paliwoda, Iraq .431 108. As the sun rises over the desert, a Soldier guards the Kirkush Military Training Base in Iraq .434 109. Seven hundred five recruits from the new Iraqi Army's 2d Battalion conduct a pass and review at a graduation ceremony 6 January 2004, in Baghdad, Iraq .436 110. A platoon of the newly-formed Joint Iraqi Security Company marches to class .437 111. Female members of the Iraqi Civil Defense Corps learn proper drill techniques from a member of the US Army 1st Battalion, 5th Infantry Regiment, 1st Cavalry Division, at Camp Bonzai Forward Operating Base in Baghdad, 28 April 2004.439 112. Two new Iraqi civil defense recruits practice clearing a building alongside Staff Sergeant John Piekert, 82d Airborne Division, during the Iraqi Civil Defense Course (ICDC) .440 113. Iraqi Police Lieutenant Narseed was one of the first female officers .442 114. Iraqi policemen fall into formation to begin a full day's worth of combat techniques and weapon handling .443 115. Principles of ICDC .451 116. MNSTC-I staff .452 117. Iraqi Armed Forces Oath .455 118. Brigade advisor support team organization, 2004.458 119. Battalion advisor support team organization, 2004.459 120. Iraqi National Guardsmen patrol alongside their Coalition counterparts in the village of Albu Hassan, 16 July 2004.465 121. Program of Instruction (POI), Initial Training Course, Iraqi Security Forces, Diyala Regional Training Facility, 2004.466 122. Location of Iraqi Army units, 2005 .474 123. A (UH-60) Blackhawk with a sling load of food and water packed by Soldiers of the 101 st Airborne Division (Air Assault) for the Jump Assault Command Post (JCP) in Mosul, Iraq .490 xvi Contents Page 124. A Soldier, 2d ACR, makes emergency repairs to his HMMWV during a civil affairs mission in Baghdad, Iraq .498 125. Soldiers of the 63 d Chemical Company, 101st Airborne Division, perform an inventory and maintenance check on all their assigned equipment to ensure it is kept battle ready in Mosul, Iraq .499 126. Sergeant Ariel King, from the Stryker Brigade Combat Team, 25th Infantry Division, welds a new antenna brace for a tactical vehicle in the brigade's Forward Maintenance Company shop at FOB Marez, Iraq .500 127. HEMMT gun truck Battleship .503 128. HEMMT PLS gun truck .503 129. M915 gun track .504 130. HMMWV M998 gun truck with level 2 ring mount 7.505 131. Heavy metal rear of the M923 gun track 518 GT .505 132. A welder works on a new Modified Protection for an unarmored HMMWV kit in Iraq .510 133. An Iraqi laborer grinds a plate on a metal support structure at a military training base in eastern Iraq .515 134. Medical care and casualty definitions and formulas .536 135. Wounded Soldier evacuated .537 136. Members of the 447th Contingency Aeromedicai Staging Facility prepare a C-141 cargo aircraft for patient transport, Camp Sather, Baghdad International Airport, Baghdad, Iraq .538 137. Six phases of medical care and five levels of medical assets .539 138. Pararescuemen from the 301st Expeditionary Combat Search and Rescue Squadron, Baghdad Air Base, Iraq, along with a UN paramedic and flight surgeon Major Nathaniel Russell, carry a patient from a UH-60 Pavehawk Helicopter to a waiting ambulance at Baghdad Air Base after the bombing of the UN headquarters in Baghdad .543 139. Medics from 210th FSB and 303d ING Battalion carry wounded Iraqi soldiers to a helicopter .543 140. US Army Casualties, May 2003-January 2005.545 141. OIF Army deaths by race/ethnicity, 19 March 2003-6 January 2007 .547 142. Soldiers of a US Army disaster response mortuary affairs team bring supplies to aid the recovery process after a truck bombing at the UN headquarters building in Baghdad, Iraq .548 143. Total number of decorations awarded, March 2003-January 2005.551 144. Specialist Julio Miranda and Private First Class Eleny Guerrero unload a few of the thousands of pounds of turkey that have been shipped to troops in Iraq and Kuwait .552 145. 101st Airborne Division's programs in support of Soldier morale .553 146. Actor Robin Williams is surrounded by Soldiers during a holiday stop at Baghdad International Airport, Iraq .555 147. A US Army Soldier gets a handshake and an autograph from "Stone Cold" Steve Austin, World Wrestling Entertainment, at CPA Headquarters in Baghdad, Iraq .555 xvii Contents Page Call Out Boxes Beyond the Call of Duty, Sergeant First Class Paul R. Smith and the Medal of Honor .18 The Harsh Realities of Full Spectrum Operations, The 2-5 CAV in Sadr City, 4 April 2004 .40 Courage and Commitment in the New Campaign, 2-5 Artillery in AI Anbar Province .128 New Roles for the New Campaign, Female Search Teams in OIF .202 The Death of One Iraqi Interpreter .218 Eyes in the Sky .223 Ghost Riders — Stryker Vehicles in Iraq .332 The Tank in the Concrete Jungle .334 The Distinguished Service Cross for Extraordinary Heroism in Action, Army NCOs in Fallujah .347 Reconstructing Iraq's Medical Knowledge .376 Restoring the Lives of the Marsh Arabs .384 Improvising Democracy: The 3d Battalion, 67th Armor in the City of Khalis .412 Distinguished Service Cross, An American Advisor and His Iraqi Unit in Combat .468 A Whole Different Attitude, The Transportation Corps in Full Spectrum Operations .507 M998 Force Protection Modification .511 A Doctor Volunteers for the Campaign .542 xviu
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geographic	USA United States History, Military 21st century USA (DE-588)4078704-7 gnd
geographic_facet	USA United States History, Military 21st century
id	DE-604.BV023335481
illustrated	Illustrated
index_date	2024-07-02T20:59:27Z
indexdate	2024-07-09T21:16:14Z
institution	BVB
language	English
lccn	2008016252
oai_aleph_id	oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016519357
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owner	DE-12
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physical	XVIII, 696 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
publishDate	2008
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publisher	Combat Studies Institute Press
record_format	marc
spelling	Wright, Donald R. Verfasser aut On Point II The United States Army in Operation Iraqi Freedom, May 2003 - January 2005 ; transition to the new campaign Donald P. Wright, Timothy R. Reese Fort Leavenworth, KS Combat Studies Institute Press 2008 XVIII, 696 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index a United States b Army x History y 21st century United States Army History 21st century Geschichte 2003-2005 gnd rswk-swf Iraq War, 2003- - Campaigns Geschichte Iraq War, 2003- Campaigns Golfkrieg 2003 (DE-588)4731075-3 gnd rswk-swf Armee (DE-588)4143024-4 gnd rswk-swf USA United States History, Military 21st century USA (DE-588)4078704-7 gnd rswk-swf USA (DE-588)4078704-7 g Armee (DE-588)4143024-4 s Golfkrieg 2003 (DE-588)4731075-3 s Geschichte 2003-2005 z DE-604 Reese, Timothy R. Verfasser aut Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016519357&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis
spellingShingle	Wright, Donald R. Reese, Timothy R. On Point II The United States Army in Operation Iraqi Freedom, May 2003 - January 2005 ; transition to the new campaign a United States b Army x History y 21st century United States Army History 21st century Iraq War, 2003- - Campaigns Geschichte Iraq War, 2003- Campaigns Golfkrieg 2003 (DE-588)4731075-3 gnd Armee (DE-588)4143024-4 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)4731075-3 (DE-588)4143024-4 (DE-588)4078704-7
title	On Point II The United States Army in Operation Iraqi Freedom, May 2003 - January 2005 ; transition to the new campaign
title_auth	On Point II The United States Army in Operation Iraqi Freedom, May 2003 - January 2005 ; transition to the new campaign
title_exact_search	On Point II The United States Army in Operation Iraqi Freedom, May 2003 - January 2005 ; transition to the new campaign
title_exact_search_txtP	On Point II The United States Army in Operation Iraqi Freedom, May 2003 - January 2005 ; transition to the new campaign
title_full	On Point II The United States Army in Operation Iraqi Freedom, May 2003 - January 2005 ; transition to the new campaign Donald P. Wright, Timothy R. Reese
title_fullStr	On Point II The United States Army in Operation Iraqi Freedom, May 2003 - January 2005 ; transition to the new campaign Donald P. Wright, Timothy R. Reese
title_full_unstemmed	On Point II The United States Army in Operation Iraqi Freedom, May 2003 - January 2005 ; transition to the new campaign Donald P. Wright, Timothy R. Reese
title_short	On Point II
title_sort	on point ii the united states army in operation iraqi freedom may 2003 january 2005 transition to the new campaign
title_sub	The United States Army in Operation Iraqi Freedom, May 2003 - January 2005 ; transition to the new campaign
topic	a United States b Army x History y 21st century United States Army History 21st century Iraq War, 2003- - Campaigns Geschichte Iraq War, 2003- Campaigns Golfkrieg 2003 (DE-588)4731075-3 gnd Armee (DE-588)4143024-4 gnd
topic_facet	a United States b Army x History y 21st century United States Army History 21st century Iraq War, 2003- - Campaigns Geschichte Iraq War, 2003- Campaigns Golfkrieg 2003 Armee USA United States History, Military 21st century
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016519357&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
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MARC

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