Chronic fatigue and its syndromes:
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Oxford [u.a.]
Oxford Univ. Press
1998
|
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XVIII, 416 S. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 0192621815 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Chronic fatigue and its syndromes |c Simon Wessely ; Matthew Hotopf ; Michael Sharpe |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Hotopf, Matthew |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sharpe, Michael |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
List of Abbreviations xvii
Section 1: The nature and extent of fatigue
1 What is fatigue? l
1.1 What is fatigue? l
1.2 History and fatigue 2
1.3 Medicine and fatigue 10
1.4 The measurement of fatigue 11
1.5 Conclusions 17
2 The epidemiology of fatigue 18
2.1 Epidemiology and its application to fatigue 18
2.2 The problem of the definition of fatigue for
epidemiological surveys 18
2.3 Tthe prevalence of fatigue 24
2.4 Epidemiology and the aetiology of fatigue 29
2.5 Conclusions 34
References 34
3. Physical mechanisms of fatigue 39
3.1 Introduction 39
3.2 Muscle fatigue 40
3.3 Fatigue and exercise 44
3.4 Fatigue, sleep, and the sleep disorders 48
3.5 Fatigue and inactivity 55
3.6 Fatigue and physical illness: introduction 58
3.7 Fatigue and cardiology: the case of chronic heart failure 60
3.8 Fatigue and neurological disorders 62
x Contents
3.9 Fatigue and rheumatological disorders 64
3.10 Fatigue and cancer 65
3.11 Fatigue and HTV 66
3.12 Fatigue and renal failure 65
3.13 Post-operative fatigue 67
3.14 Mechanisms of fatigue in physical illness 68
3.15 Cytokines, cortisol, and fatigue 70
3.16 Conclusions 72
References 73
4 Fatigue and emotional disorders 81
4.1 Introduction 81
4.2 Fatigue and depression 81
4.3 Fatigue and anxiety 84
4.4 Fatigue and somatization 85
4.5 Fatigue - depression or anxiety? 86
4.6 Stress and personality 86
4.7 The nature of the association between fatigue and
psychiatric disorders 87
4.8 Fatigue - neither depression nor anxiety 88
4.9 Myalgia and psychiatric disorder 89
4.10 The causes of fatigue in the community 90
4.11 The story so far 91
References 92
Section 2 : The history of chronic fatigue
5 Neurasthenia 96
5.1 What was neurasthenia? 96
5.2 The arrival of neurasthenia 97
5.3 The aetiologies of neurasthenia 99
5.4 Changes in the treatment of neurasthenia 1°2
5.5 The reaction against neurasthenia l°4
5.6 Neurasthenia, stigma, and prejudice l°5
5.7 The disease that did not disappear 107
5.8 Modern neurasthenia 1°9
5.9 Conclusion l°9
References 11 *
Contents xi
6 From neurasthenia to CFS 117
6.1 From neurasthenia to CFS 117
6.2 The beginnings of ME; from Los Angeles to the Royal
Free 118
6.3 The origins of post-viral fatigue syndrome 121
6.4 ME: from epidemic to sporadic 122
6.5 From chronic epstein-Barr virus to the chronic fatigue
syndrome 124
6.6 Fibromyalgia 126
References 127
Section 3: Chronic fatigue syndrome
7. Chronic fatigue syndrome: definition, epidemiology,
presentation, prognosis 130
7.1 Definitions of chronic fatigue syndrome 130
7.2 CFS: dimension or category? 133
7.3 Epidemiology of CFS 135
7.4 Social class and CFS 136
7.5 Presentation 137
7.6 Physical signs and CFS 138
7.7 Prognosis 138
References 143
8 CFS: Muscles and nerves 147
8.1 Muscle pathology and biochemistry 147
8.2 Neurophysiology and neuromuscular function 151
8.3 The role of inactivity and fitness 155
8.4 Myalgia 156
8.5 Effort syndrome 157
8.6 Autonomic dysfunction 157
8.7 Conclusion 158
References 159
9 CFS: viruses and immunity 165
9.1 Viruses and CFS: establishing an association 165
9.2 EBV and CFS 167
9.3 Chronic mononucleosis 168
9.4 Cohort studies of EBV 169
xii Contents
9.5 Enteroviruses and CFS 171
9.6 Cohort studies of the outcome of enterovirus infection 175
9.7 Other viruses and CFS 176
9.8 Psychological vulnerability to infection and post-
infectious fatigue 177
9.9 Infection and psychological disorders 181
9.10 Viruses and CFS: conclusions 182
9.11 Immunological abnormalities in CFS 183
9.12 Immunological studies in CFS: lymphocyte number
and function 182
9.13 Immunological studies in CFS: humoral immune
responses 187
9.14 Allergy and CFS 190
9.15 Immune disorder and viral infection 190
9.16 Immunological disturbances and clinical symptoms 191
9.17 Sample choice, selection bias, and confounders 192
9.18 Mood, stress, and immune disorder 192
9.19 Genetics of CFS 195
9.20 Conclusion 196
References 197
10 CFS and psychiatric disorder 209
10.1 Introduction 209
10.2 CFS and depression 215
10.3 CFS and anxiety 217
10.4 CFS, somatic symptoms, and somatization disorder 218
10.5 CFS and hysteria 221
10.6 CFS and hypochondriasis 221
10.7 CFS and eating disorders 222
10.8 CFS, stress, and life events 222
10.9 CFS, personality, and personality disorder 224
10.10 Why might psychiatric disorders be associated
with CFS? 226
10.11 Psychiatric disorders and CFS: conclusion 231
References 232
11 The neurobiology of CFS 239
11.1 Neuropsychology of CFS 239
11.2 Viruses and the neuropsychiatry of fatigue 242
Contents xiii
11.3 Neurophysiology 243
11.4 Neuroimaging 244
11.5 Neuroendocrinology and neurochemistry 246
11.6 Serotonin and other fatigue syndromes 253
11.7 CFS, fibromyalgia, and sleep 254
References 258
12 The role of psychological factors in CFS 266
12.1 The nature and origin of patient beliefs about CFS 266
12.2 The importance of illness beliefs 273
12.3 A cognitive behavioural model of CFS 272
12.4 Conclusions 278
12.5 Caveat 278
References 279
13 CFS in children 284
13.1 Fatigue in childhood 284
13.2 CFS in children 285
13.3 CFS in children: clinical features 285
13.4 Aetiology of CFS in children 286
13.5 Assessment and investigation 289
13.6 Management 290
13.7 Outcome 291
13.8 Conclusion 293
References 294
14 Other chronic fatigue syndromes 298
14.1 Introduction 298
14.2 Fibromyalgia 299
14.3 Irritable bowel syndrome 301
14.4 Effort syndromes (Da Costa s syndrome, neurocirculatory
asthenia, soldier s heart, mitral valve prolapse) 302
14.5 Chronic brucellosis and chronic Lyme disease 304
14.6 Burnout 305
References 306
15 CFS: a social history of twentieth-century illness 311
15.1 The world of fiction 311
15.2 Chronic fatigue and the fear of mental illness 313
xiv Contents
15.3 The media and CFS 317
15.4 ME/CFIDS as a political movement 318
15.5 CFS is a twentieth-century disease 321
15.6 CFS is not a twentieth-century illness 324
15.7 CFS and other modern illness 325
15.8 CFS as narrative 327
15.9 CFS and modern science 328
15.10 CFS as protest 329
15.11 The practical consequences 331
15.12 Conclusions 332
References 332
Section 4: The assessment and management of chronic fatigue
and chronic fatigue syndrome
16 The assessment of the chronically fatigued patient 338
16.1 Introduction 338
16.2 Aims of the assessment 338
16.3 The history 341
16.4 The mental status examination 346
16.5 The physical examination 348
16.6 Investigations 348
16.7 Specialist referral 349
16.8 Diagnosis 350
16.9 Biopsychosocial formulation 350
16.10 Management plans 352
16.11 Special issues 353
16.12 Conclusion 353
References 354
17 Treatment of CFS: the evidence 357
17.1 Introduction 357
17.2 The randomized controlled trial: strengths and
weaknesses 357
17.3 Anti-inflammatories and analgesics 361
17.4 Antidepressants 361
17.5 Immune modulators 363
17.6 Corticosteroids 366
17.7 Antiviral agents 366
Contents xv
17.8 Dietary supplements 367
17.9 RCTs of exercise in CFS 368
17.10 Cognitive behaviour therapy 370
17.11 Alternative medicine 373
17.12 Conclusions 374
References 375
18 Treatment of the patient with CFS 381
18.1 Introduction 381
18.2 Who should treat patients with CFS? 381
18.3 How should patients with CFS be treated? 383
18.4 Education and advice 384
18.5 Pharmacological interventions 386
18.6 Behavioural interventions 387
18.7 Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) 388
18.8 Potential problems 394
18.9 The future 395
References 395
Section 5: Conclusion
19 Conclusions 399
19.1 What is fatigue? 399
19.2 What is CFS? 400
19.3 CFS as a final common pathway 402
19.4 Why does it matter? - the significance of CFS 403
References 405
References for Chapter 1 407
Index 411
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| spellingShingle | Wessely, Simon Hotopf, Matthew Sharpe, Michael Chronic fatigue and its syndromes |
| title | Chronic fatigue and its syndromes |
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| title_full | Chronic fatigue and its syndromes Simon Wessely ; Matthew Hotopf ; Michael Sharpe |
| title_fullStr | Chronic fatigue and its syndromes Simon Wessely ; Matthew Hotopf ; Michael Sharpe |
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| title_short | Chronic fatigue and its syndromes |
| title_sort | chronic fatigue and its syndromes |
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