Alexander Cumming

Alexander Cumming Alexander Cumming FRSE (sometimes referred to as Alexander Cummings; 1733 – 8 March 1814) was a Scottish watchmaker and instrument inventor, who was the first to patent a design of the flush toilet in 1775, which had been pioneered by Sir John Harington, but without solving the problem of foul smells. As well as improving the flush mechanism, Cummings included an S-trap (or bend) to retain water permanently within the waste pipe, thus preventing sewer gases from entering buildings. Most modern flush toilets still include a similar trap. Provided by Wikipedia
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  1. 1
    Elemente der praktischen Groß- und Klein-Uhrmacherkunst

    Elemente der praktischen Groß- und Klein-Uhrmacherkunst by Cumming, Alexander 1733-1814

    Published 1978
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  2. 2
    Elemente der praktischen Groß- und Klein-Uhrmacherkunst [The elements of clock and watch-work, adapted to practice, dt.]

    Elemente der praktischen Groß- und Klein-Uhrmacherkunst [The elements of clock and watch-work, adapted to practice, dt.] by Cumming, Alexander

    Published 1978
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  3. 3
    Observations, by Mr. Cumming, of Pentonville, on the causes that first occasioned the bending of the axles of wheel carriages stating the progress of the principal improvements in the construction of wheels

    Observations, by Mr. Cumming, of Pentonville, on the causes that first occasioned the bending of the axles of wheel carriages stating the progress of the principal improvements in... by Cumming, Alexander

    Published 1810
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  4. 4
    Observations on the effects which carriage wheels with rims of different shapes have on the roads respecfully submitted to the approbation of the Board of Agriculture and to the consideration of the Legislature

    Observations on the effects which carriage wheels with rims of different shapes have on the roads respecfully submitted to the approbation of the Board of Agriculture and to the co... by Cumming, Alexander

    Published 1799
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  5. 5
    Elemente der praktischen Groß- und Klein-Uhrmacherkunst

    Elemente der praktischen Groß- und Klein-Uhrmacherkunst by Cumming, Alexander 1733-1814

    Published 1978
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  6. 6
    The manufacture of hydrochlorid acid and saltcake

    The manufacture of hydrochlorid acid and saltcake by Cumming, Alexander Charles

    Published 1923
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  7. 7
    Elemente der praktischen Groß- und Klein-Uhrmacherkunst mit 16 Kupfertaf.

    Elemente der praktischen Groß- und Klein-Uhrmacherkunst mit 16 Kupfertaf. by Cumming, Alexander 1733-1814

    Published 1802
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  8. 8
    Observations on the effects which carriage wheels, with rims of different shapes, have on the roads respectfully offered to the consideration of the legislature. By Alexander Cumming, F. R. S. Ed. author of the elements of clock and watch-work

    Observations on the effects which carriage wheels, with rims of different shapes, have on the roads respectfully offered to the consideration of the legislature. By Alexander Cummi... by Cumming, Alexander 1733-1814

    Published 1797
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  9. 9
    Elemente der praktischen Groß- und Klein-Uhrmacherkunst Aus d. Engl. mit einigen Anm. übers. von J. G. Geißler

    Elemente der praktischen Groß- und Klein-Uhrmacherkunst Aus d. Engl. mit einigen Anm. übers. von J. G. Geißler by Cumming, Alexander 1733-1814

    Published 1789
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  10. 10
    Animadversions on the Reverend Mr. Croswell's late Letter &c designed to remove prejudices it tends to excite against the truth: and to shew that the principal doctrines contained and contended for therein, are not only not according to truth, but opposite thereto. By A. Cumming, A.M. [One line of quotation]

    Animadversions on the Reverend Mr. Croswell's late Letter &c designed to remove prejudices it tends to excite against the truth: and to shew that the principal doctrines contained... by Cumming, Alexander 1726-1763

    Published 1763
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  11. 11
    A sermon preached Feb. 25. 1761

    A sermon preached Feb. 25. 1761 by Cumming, Alexander

    Published 1761
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  12. 12
    A sermon preached upon Christmass day Wherein, the obligation that lies upon all Christians to solemnize the anniversarie festival of our Saviours birth, is clearly proved. Which is added a letter to a friend, shewing briefly after that manner days, times, places and persons are holy. By A.C

    A sermon preached upon Christmass day Wherein, the obligation that lies upon all Christians to solemnize the anniversarie festival of our Saviours birth, is clearly proved. Which i... by Cumming, Alexander 1658-1709

    Published 1705
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  13. 13
    Elemente der praktischen Groß- und Klein-Uhrmacherkunst

    Elemente der praktischen Groß- und Klein-Uhrmacherkunst by Cumming, Alexander 1733-1814

    Published 1978
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  14. 14
    Alexander Cumming's Elemente der praktischen Groß= und Klein=Uhrmacherkunst

    Alexander Cumming's Elemente der praktischen Groß= und Klein=Uhrmacherkunst by Cumming, Alexander

    Published 1978
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  15. 15
    Observations on the effects which carriage wheels, with rims of different shapes, have on the roads Respectfully submitted to the approbation of the board of agriculture, and to the consideration of the legislature. By Alexander Cumming, Esq. F.R.S. Edin

    Observations on the effects which carriage wheels, with rims of different shapes, have on the roads Respectfully submitted to the approbation of the board of agriculture, and to th... by Cumming, Alexander 1733-1814

    Published 1799
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  16. 16
    The elements of clock and watch-work adapted to practice in two essays

    The elements of clock and watch-work adapted to practice in two essays by Cumming, Alexander

    Published 1766
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  17. 17
    The elements of clock and watch work, adapted to practice in 2 essays

    The elements of clock and watch work, adapted to practice in 2 essays by Cumming, Alexander

    Published 1766
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  18. 18
    The elements of clock and watch-work adapted to practice. In two essays. By Alexander Cumming, Member of the Phil. Soc. Edinb

    The elements of clock and watch-work adapted to practice. In two essays. By Alexander Cumming, Member of the Phil. Soc. Edinb by Cumming, Alexander 1733-1814

    Published 1766
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  19. 19
    The elements of clock and watch-work adapted to practice. In two essays. By Alexander Cumming, Member of the Phil. Soc. Edinb

    The elements of clock and watch-work adapted to practice. In two essays. By Alexander Cumming, Member of the Phil. Soc. Edinb by Cumming, Alexander 1733-1814

    Published 1766
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  20. 20
    Animadversions on the Reverend Mr. Croswell's late Letter &c designed to remove prejudices it tends to excite against the truth: and to shew that the principal doctrines contained and contended for therein, are not only not according to truth, but opposite thereto

    Animadversions on the Reverend Mr. Croswell's late Letter &c designed to remove prejudices it tends to excite against the truth: and to shew that the principal doctrines contained... by Cumming, Alexander

    Published 1763
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